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Liu G, Liu X, Zeng W, Zhou W. TFAP2A Upregulates SKA3 to Promote Glycolysis and Reduce the Sensitivity of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells to Cisplatin. Pharmacology 2024; 109:202-215. [PMID: 38643755 DOI: 10.1159/000536557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies have shown that glycolysis metabolism affects the resistance or sensitivity of tumors to chemotherapy drugs. Emerging from recent research, a paradigm-shifting revelation has unfolded, elucidating the oncogenic nature of SKA3 within the context of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Consequently, this work was designed to delve into the effects of SKA3 on glycolysis and cisplatin (CDDP) resistance in LUAD cells and to find new possibilities for individualized treatment of LUAD. METHODS LUAD mRNA expression data from the TCGA database were procured to scrutinize the differential expression patterns of SKA3 in both tumor and normal tissues. GSEA and Pearson correlation analyses were employed to elucidate the impact of SKA3 on signaling pathways within the context of LUAD. In order to discern the upstream regulatory mechanisms, the ChEA and JASPAR databases were utilized to predict the transcription factors and binding sites associated with SKA3. qRT-PCR and Western blot were implemented to assay the mRNA and protein expression levels of SKA3 and TFAP2A. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase assays were performed to solidify the binding relationship between the two. Extracellular acidification rate, glucose consumption, lactate production, and glycolysis-related proteins (HK2, GLUT1, and LDHA) were used to evaluate the level of glycolysis. Cell viability under CDDP treatment was determined utilizing the CCK-8, allowing for the calculation of IC50. The expression levels of SKA3 and TFAP2A proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS SKA3 exhibited upregulation in LUAD tissues and cell lines, establishing a direct linkage with glycolysis pathway. Overexpression of SKA3 fostered glycolysis in LUAD, resulting in reduced sensitivity toward CDDP treatment. The upstream transcription factor of SKA3, TFAP2A, was also upregulated in LUAD and could promote SKA3 transcription. Overexpression of TFAP2A also fostered the glycolysis of LUAD. Rescue assays showed that TFAP2A promoted glycolysis in LUAD cells by activating SKA3, reducing the sensitivity of LUAD cells to CDDP. The IHC analysis revealed a positive correlation between high expression of SKA3 and TFAP2A and CDDP resistance. CONCLUSION In summary, TFAP2A can transcriptionally activate SKA3, promote glycolysis in LUAD, and protect LUAD cells from CDDP treatment, indicating that targeting the TFAP2A/SKA3 axis may become a plausible and pragmatic therapeutic strategy for the clinical governance of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijun Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wangyan Zhou
- Department of Medical Record, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Feng D, Wang J, Xiao Y, Wu R, Li D, Tuo Z, Yu Q, Ye L, MIYAMOTO A, Yoo KH, Wei W, Ye X, Zhang C, Han P. SKA3 targeted therapies in cancer precision surgery: bridging bench discoveries to clinical applications - review article. Int J Surg 2024; 110:2323-2337. [PMID: 38241327 PMCID: PMC11020031 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Spindle and kinetochore-associated complex subunit 3 (SKA3) is a microtubule-binding subcomplex of the outer kinetochore, which plays a vital role in proper chromosomal segregation and cell division. Recently, SKA3 have been demonstrated its oncogenic role of tumorigenesis and development in cancers. In this review, the authors comprehensively deciphered SKA3 in human cancer from various aspects, including bibliometrics, pan-cancer analysis, and narrative summary. The authors also provided the top 10 predicted drugs targeting SKA3. The authors proposed that SKA3 was a potential target and brought new therapeutic opportunities for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechao Feng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Yuhan Xiao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Ruicheng Wu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Dengxiong Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Zhouting Tuo
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei
| | - Qingxin Yu
- Department of Pathology, Ningbo Clinical Pathology Diagnosis Center, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province
| | - Luxia Ye
- Department of Public Research Platform, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Akira MIYAMOTO
- Department of Rehabilitation, West Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Koo Han Yoo
- Department of Urology, Kyung Hee University, South Korea
| | - Wuran Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Xing Ye
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou
| | - Ping Han
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu
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Zhang L, Zhang Z, Zheng X, Lu Y, Dai L, Li W, Liu H, Wen S, Xie Q, Zhang X, Wang P, Wu Y, Gao W. A novel microRNA panel exhibited significant potential in evaluating the progression of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:550-561. [PMID: 37602318 PMCID: PMC10432973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a common cancer of the head and neck in humans. The 5-years survival rate of patients with LSCC have declined in the past four decades. microRNAs (miRNAs) has been reported to be capable of predicting the prognosis outcomes of patients with different cancers. However, there are no reports on the usage of multi-miRNAs model as signature for the diagnosis or prognosis of LSCC. Methods To establish the miRNAs expression-associated model for diagnosis, prognosis prediction and aided therapy of patients with LSCC, the present study enrolled 107 patients with LSCC in clinic and obtained 117 LSCC samples data from TCGA database for evaluation, respectively. Next generation sequencing (NGS), raw data processing, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm, Cox regression analysis, construction of nomogram and cell function assays (including proliferation, migration and invasion assays) were sequentially performed. Results There were massively dysregulated miRNAs in the LSCC compared to normal tissues. A six-miRNAs signature consists of miR-137-3p, miR-3934-5p, miR-1276, miR-129-5p, miR-7-5p and miR-105-5p was built for prognosis prediction of LSCC patients. The six-miRNAs signature is strongly associated with the poor overall survival (OS, p = 2.5e-05, HR: 4.30 [2.20-8.50]), progression free interval (PFI, p = 0.025, HR: 1.94 [1.08-3.46]) and disease specific survival (DSS, p = 1.1e-05, HR: 5.00 [2.50-10.00]). A nomogram for prediction of 2-, 3- and 5-years OS was also developed based on the six-miRNAs signature and clinical features. Furthermore, blocking the function of each of the six miRNAs inhibited proliferation, invasion and migration of LSCC cells. Conclusions The performance of six-miRNAs signature described in the current study demonstrated remarkable potential for progression assessment of LSCC. Moreover, the six-miRNAs signature may serve as predictive tool for prognosis and therapeutic targets of LSCC in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linshi Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiwang Zheng
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121011, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Li Dai
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Wenqi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital & Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Shuxin Wen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Qiuping Xie
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiangmin Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Longgang Ear-Nose-Throat Hospital, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, PR China
- Shenzhen Institute of Otolaryngology & Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Longgang Ear-Nose-Throat Hospital, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yongyan Wu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Longgang Ear-Nose-Throat Hospital, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, PR China
- Shenzhen Institute of Otolaryngology & Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Longgang Ear-Nose-Throat Hospital, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wei Gao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Longgang Ear-Nose-Throat Hospital, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, PR China
- Shenzhen Institute of Otolaryngology & Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Longgang Ear-Nose-Throat Hospital, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, PR China
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Zmarzły N, Januszyk S, Mieszczański P, Czarniecka J, Bednarska-Czerwińska A, Boroń D, Oplawski M, Grabarek BO. The influence of selected microRNAs on the expression profile of genes and proteins related to the tumor necrosis factor-alpha signaling pathways in endometrioid endometrial cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:9679-9689. [PMID: 37233761 PMCID: PMC10423110 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04863-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor necrosis factor exerts many adverse biological effects, from cell proliferation to cell death. Accurate diagnosis and treatment are therefore difficult due to many factors influencing tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) signaling, including microRNAs (miRNAs), especially in tumors. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of miRNAs on the expression profile of genes and proteins related to TNF-α signaling in endometrial cancer. METHODS The material consisted of 45 endometrioid endometrial cancer and 45 normal endometrium tissue samples. Gene expression was determined with microarrays and then validated for TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) and 2 (TNFR2), caveolin 1 (CAV1), nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 (NFKB1), and TGF-beta activated kinase 1 (MAP3K7)-binding protein 2 (TAB2) using real-time quantitative reverse transcription reaction (RT-qPCR). The protein concentration was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, differentiating miRNAs were identified using miRNA microarrays and their relationships with TNF-α signaling genes were evaluated using the mirDIP tool. RESULTS TNF-α, TNFR1, TNFR2, CAV1, NFKB1, and TAB2 were upregulated both on the mRNA and protein levels. The decrease in the activity of miR-1207-5p, miR-1910-3p, and miR-940 may be related to CAV1 overexpression. Similarly for miR-572 and NFKB1 as well as miR-939-5p and TNF-α. In turn, miR-3178 may partially inhibit TNFR1 activity up to grade 2 cancer. CONCLUSION TNF-α signaling, especially the TNF-α/NF-κB axis, is disrupted in endometrial cancer and worsens with disease progression. The observed changes may be the result of miRNAs' activity in the initial stage of endometrial cancer and its gradual loss in later grades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Zmarzły
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, 41-800, Zabrze, Poland.
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, 41-800, Zabrze, Poland.
| | | | - Paweł Mieszczański
- Hospital of Ministry of Interior and Administration, 40-052, Katowice, Poland
| | - Justyna Czarniecka
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, 41-800, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Anna Bednarska-Czerwińska
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, 41-800, Zabrze, Poland
- Gyncentrum, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Virology, 40-851, Katowice, Poland
- American Medical Clinic, 40-600, Katowice, Poland
| | - Dariusz Boroń
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, 41-800, Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, 41-800, Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, 31-826, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, TOMMED Specjalisci od Zdrowia, 40-662, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marcin Oplawski
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, 31-826, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski University in Cracow, 30-705, Cracow, Poland
| | - Beniamin Oskar Grabarek
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, 41-800, Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, 41-800, Zabrze, Poland
- Gyncentrum, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Virology, 40-851, Katowice, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, 31-826, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, TOMMED Specjalisci od Zdrowia, 40-662, Katowice, Poland
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Zheng X, Gao W, Zhang Z, Xue X, Mijiti M, Guo Q, Wusiman D, Wang K, Zeng X, Xue L, Guo Z, An C, Wu Y. Identification of a seven-lncRNAs panel that serves as a prognosis predictor and contributes to the malignant progression of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1106249. [PMID: 37205188 PMCID: PMC10188209 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1106249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most frequent head and neck cancers worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a critical role in tumorigenesis. However, the clinical significance of lncRNAs in LSCC remains largely unknown. Methods In this study, transcriptome sequencing was performed on 107 LSCC and paired adjacent normal mucosa (ANM) tissues. Furthermore, RNA expression and clinical data of 111 LSCC samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Bioinformatics analysis were performed to construct a model for predicting the overall survival (OS) of LSCC patients. Moreover, we investigated the roles of lncRNAs in LSCC cells through loss-of-function experiments. Results A seven-lncRNAs panel including ENSG00000233397, BARX1-DT, LSAMP-AS1, HOXB-AS4, MNX1-AS1, LINC01385, and LINC02893 was identified. The Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the seven-lncRNAs panel was significantly associated with OS (HR:6.21 [3.27-11.81], p-value<0.0001), disease-specific survival (DSS) (HR:4.34 [1.83-10.26], p-value=0.0008), and progression-free interval (PFI) (HR:3.78 [1.92-7.43], p-value=0.0001). ROC curves showed the seven-lncRNAs panel predicts OS with good specificity and sensitivity. Separately silencing the seven lncRNAs inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion capacity of LSCC cells. Conclusion Collectively, this seven-lncRNAs panel is a promising signature for predicting the prognosis of LSCC patients, and these lncRNAs could serve as potential targets for LSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwang Zheng
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Otolaryngology & Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Gao, ; Changming An, ; Yongyan Wu,
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuting Xue
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Maierhaba Mijiti
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Qingbo Guo
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Dilinaer Wusiman
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Otolaryngology & Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingbin Xue
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Otolaryngology & Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zekun Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Changming An
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Gao, ; Changming An, ; Yongyan Wu,
| | - Yongyan Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Otolaryngology & Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Gao, ; Changming An, ; Yongyan Wu,
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Song GQ, He TL, Ji KJ, Duan YM, Zhang JW, Hu GQ. SKA1/2/3 is a biomarker of poor prognosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1038925. [PMID: 36439516 PMCID: PMC9684634 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1038925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spindle and kinetochore-associated complex subunits 1-3 (SKA1-3) stabilize the kinetochore-attached spindle microtubules in metaphase. Due to the dysregulation in multiple cancers, SKA1-3 is considered a predictor for the prognosis of the patients. However, the potential clinical applications of SKA1-3, particularly in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis and progression, have completely unknown yet. METHODS For the analysis of SKA1-3 expression and applications in clinics in HCC patients, several databases, such as STRING, UALCAN, GEO, and TCGA, were searched. In addition, the underlying mechanisms of SKA for the regulation of HCC occurrence, development, and progression were also explored. RESULTS Compared to the normal controls, HCC patients showed dramatically elevated SKA1-3 expression at the mRNA level, and the values of the area under the curve (AUC) were 0.982, 0.887, and 0.973, respectively. Increased SKA1-3 expression levels were associated with the clinical stage, age, body mass index, tumor grade, tissue subtype, and Tp53 mutation status in HCC patients. The analyses of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) and Gene ontology (GO) demonstrated that SKA1-3 are enriched mainly in the Fanconi anemia, homologous recombination, spliceosome, DNA replication, and cell cycle signaling pathways. The hub genes, such as CDK1, CCNB1, CCNA2, TOP2A, BUB1, AURKB, CCNB2, BUB1B, NCAPG, and KIF11, were identified in protein-protein interactions (PPIs). The expression levels of hub genes were increased in HCC patients and predictive of a poor prognosis. Finally, the expression levels of SKA1-3 were determined using the GEO database. CONCLUSIONS SKA1-3 are potential prognostic biomarkers of and targets for HCC. In addition, SKA1-3 may affect HCC prognosis via the Fanconi anemia pathway, homologous recombination, spliceosome, DNA replication, and cell cycle signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qiang Song
- Department of Respiratory, Changxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huzhou, China
| | - Tian-Li He
- Department of Radiotherapy, Changxing People’s Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Ke-Jie Ji
- Department of Respiratory, Changxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huzhou, China
| | - Yi-Meng Duan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Changxing People’s Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Jia-Wen Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, Changxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huzhou, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Hu
- Department of Respiratory, Changxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huzhou, China
- Department of Cancer Center, Changxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huzhou, China
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Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Metastasis: Focus on Laryngeal Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092148. [PMID: 36140250 PMCID: PMC9496235 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In epithelial neoplasms, such as laryngeal carcinoma, the survival indexes deteriorate abruptly when the tumor becomes metastatic. A molecular phenomenon that normally appears during embryogenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), is reactivated at the initial stage of metastasis when tumor cells invade the adjacent stroma. The hallmarks of this phenomenon are the abolishment of the epithelial and acquisition of mesenchymal traits by tumor cells which enhance their migratory capacity. EMT signaling is mediated by complex molecular pathways that regulate the expression of crucial molecules contributing to the tumor’s metastatic potential. Effectors of EMT include loss of adhesion, cytoskeleton remodeling, evasion of apoptosis and immune surveillance, upregulation of metalloproteinases, neovascularization, acquisition of stem-cell properties, and the activation of tumor stroma. However, the current approach to EMT involves a holistic model that incorporates the acquisition of potentials beyond mesenchymal transition. As EMT is inevitably associated with a reverse mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), a model of partial EMT is currently accepted, signifying the cell plasticity associated with invasion and metastasis. In this review, we identify the cumulative evidence which suggests that various aspects of EMT theory apply to laryngeal carcinoma, a tumor of significant morbidity and mortality, introducing novel molecular targets with prognostic and therapeutic potential.
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Du WW, Li X, Ma J, Fang L, Wu N, Li F, Dhaliwal P, Yang W, Yee AJ, Yang BB. Promotion of tumor progression by exosome transmission of circular RNA circSKA3. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:276-292. [PMID: 35024241 PMCID: PMC8718830 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We performed in vitro and in vivo experiments to investigate the role of the circular RNA circSKA3 in tumor development. We examined the effects of circSKA3 on mediating breast cancer metastasis. In vitro, we found that the circular RNA circSKA3 was transferred between breast cancer cells, which were decreased by inhibiting exosome secretion. In vivo, circSKA3-containing exosomes potentiated tumor development and invasion that were inhibited by blocking exosome transmission. The ascites isolated from tumor-bearing mice or breast cancer patients showed high levels of circSKA3 and integrin β1. Single-cell culture and single-cell PCR showed that circSKA3 was heterogeneously expressed, the cells expressing higher levels of circSKA3 had a higher potential to form large colonies. This property was similar to c-myc, but circSKA3 expression had no correlation with c-myc levels. The effects of circSKA3 on cell migration and invasion appeared to predominate c-myc functions. By releasing circSKA3-containing exosomes to cancer cells expressing lower levels of circSKA3, the large colonies could regulate the activities of small colonies, enhancing the tumor-forming capacity of the entire population. Thus, we provide evidence that the transmission of circular RNAs in tumor-derived exosomes may allow for the maintenance of advantageous invasive sub-clones in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- William W Du
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Xiangmin Li
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences
| | - Jian Ma
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ling Fang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Feiya Li
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Preet Dhaliwal
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Weining Yang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Albert J Yee
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Burton B Yang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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