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Lin C, Teng W, Tian Y, Li S, Xia N, Huang C. Immune landscape and response to oncolytic virus-based immunotherapy. Front Med 2024; 18:411-429. [PMID: 38453818 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-1048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Oncolytic virus (OV)-based immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment, offering a unique potential to selectively target malignant cells while sparing normal tissues. However, the immunosuppressive nature of tumor microenvironment (TME) poses a substantial hurdle to the development of OVs as effective immunotherapeutic agents, as it restricts the activation and recruitment of immune cells. This review elucidates the potential of OV-based immunotherapy in modulating the immune landscape within the TME to overcome immune resistance and enhance antitumor immune responses. We examine the role of OVs in targeting specific immune cell populations, including dendritic cells, T cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages, and their ability to alter the TME by inhibiting angiogenesis and reducing tumor fibrosis. Additionally, we explore strategies to optimize OV-based drug delivery and improve the efficiency of OV-mediated immunotherapy. In conclusion, this review offers a concise and comprehensive synopsis of the current status and future prospects of OV-based immunotherapy, underscoring its remarkable potential as an effective immunotherapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaolong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Wenzhong Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Shaopeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Chenghao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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Michaud É, Mansure JJ, Kassouf W. Integrating novel immunotherapeutic approaches in organ-preserving therapies for bladder cancer. Br J Pharmacol 2023. [PMID: 38092703 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a prevalent malignancy with significant morbidity and mortality. Over the years, the landscape of bladder cancer treatment has witnessed notable advancements, particularly in the realm of immunotherapy. Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising adjunct to organ-preserving approaches, harnessing the immune system's potential to target and eliminate cancer cells. Organ preservation strategies offer viable alternatives to radical cystectomy to avoid the morbidities associated with radical surgery, as well as to respond to the needs of patients unfit for or who have refused surgery. However, the challenge lies in achieving durable disease control while minimizing treatment-related toxicities. This review highlights the significance of immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies, in the treatment of localized bladder cancer. The clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors, as both neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies in combination with radiation or chemotherapy, is discussed. Moreover, the potential of immunotherapies beyond immune checkpoint inhibition, including combinations with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillations and/or investigational gene therapies, is explored. Furthermore, the predictive value of the tumour immune microenvironment for the success of these strategies is examined. Understanding the complex interplay between tumour immunity and therapeutic interventions can aid in identifying predictive biomarkers and tailoring personalized treatment strategies. Further research and clinical trials are warranted to optimize the use of immunotherapy in conjunction with organ-preserving therapies, potentially leading to enhanced patient outcomes and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Michaud
- Urologic Oncology Research Division, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - José Joao Mansure
- Urologic Oncology Research Division, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Wassim Kassouf
- Urologic Oncology Research Division, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Zhang H, Wang H, An Y, Chen Z. Construction and application of adenoviral vectors. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 34:102027. [PMID: 37808925 PMCID: PMC10556817 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Adenoviral vectors have been widely used as vaccine candidates or potential vaccine candidates against infectious diseases due to the convenience of genome manipulation, their ability to accommodate large exogenous gene fragments, easy access of obtaining high-titer of virus, and high efficiency of transduction. At the same time, adenoviral vectors have also been used extensively in clinical research for cancer gene therapy and treatment of diseases caused by a single gene defect. However, application of adenovirus also faces a series of challenges such as poor targeting, strong immune response against the vector itself, and they cannot be used repeatedly. It is believed that these problems will be solved gradually with further research and technological development in related fields. Here, we review the construction methods of adenoviral vectors, including "gutless" adenovirus and discuss application of adenoviral vectors as prophylactic vaccines for infectious pathogens and their application prospects as therapeutic vaccines for cancer and other kinds of chronic infectious disease such as human papillomavirus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Zhang
- Department of Basic Research, Ab&B Bio-Tech CO., LTD. JS, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongdan Wang
- Department of Basic Research, Ab&B Bio-Tech CO., LTD. JS, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Youcai An
- Department of Basic Research, Ab&B Bio-Tech CO., LTD. JS, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ze Chen
- Department of Basic Research, Ab&B Bio-Tech CO., LTD. JS, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
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Seyed-Khorrami SM, Azadi A, Rastegarvand N, Habibian A, Soleimanjahi H, Łos MJ. A promising future in cancer immunotherapy: Oncolytic viruses. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176063. [PMID: 37797673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Alongside the conventional methods, attention has been drawn to the use of immunotherapy-based methods for cancer treatment. Immunotherapy has developed as a therapeutic option that can be more specific with better outcomes in tumor treatment. It can boost or regulate the immune system behind the targeted virotherapy. Virotherapy is a kind of oncolytic immunotherapy that investigated broadly in cancer treatment in recent decades, due to its several advantages. According to recent advance in the field of understanding cancer cell biology and its occurrence, as well as increasing the knowledge about conditionally replicating oncolytic viruses and their destructive function in the tumor cells, nowadays, it is possible to apply this strategy in the treatment of malignancies. Relying on achievements in clinical trials of oncolytic viruses, we can certainly expect that this therapeutic perception can play a more central role in cancer treatment. In cancer treatment, combination therapy using oncolytic viruses alongside standard cancer treatment methods and other immunotherapy-based treatments can expect more promising results in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arezou Azadi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Rastegarvand
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ala Habibian
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoorieh Soleimanjahi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Marek J Łos
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 8 Krzywousty St., 44-100, Gliwice, Poland; LinkoCare Life Sciences AB, Linkoping, Sweden.
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Sun F, Xu Y, Deng Z, Yang P. A recombinant oncolytic influenza virus expressing a PD-L1 antibody induces CD8 + T-cell activation via the cGas-STING pathway in mice with hepatocellular carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110323. [PMID: 37207446 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate targeted killing of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by a recombinant oncolytic influenza virus expressing a PD-L1 antibody (rgFlu/PD-L1) and to develop a novel immunotherapy for HCC. METHODS Using influenza virus reverse genetics, a recombinant oncolytic virus was generated in the background of the A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (PR8) virus, then identified via screening and passage in specific pathogen-free chicken embryos. Hepatocellular carcinoma cell killing by rgFlu/PD-L1 was confirmed in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptome analyses were used to explore PD-L1 expression and function. Western blotting revealed that PD-L1 activated the cGas-STING pathway. RESULTS rgFlu/PD-L1 expressed the PD-L1 heavy and light chain in PB1 and PA, respectively; PR8 served as the backbone. The hemagglutinin titer of rgFlu/PD-L1 was 29, and the virus titer was 9-10 logTCID50/mL. Electron microscopy revealed that the rgFlu/PD-L1 morphology and size were consistent with wild-type influenza virus. The MTS assay showed that rgFlu/PD-L1 induced significant killing of HCC cells but not normal cells. rgFlu/PD-L1 inhibited PD-L1 expression and induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. Notably, rgFlu/PD-L1 controlled the viability and function of CD8+ T cells by activating the cGas-STING pathway. CONCLUSION rgFlu/PD-L1 activated the cGas-STING pathway in CD8+ T cells, causing them to kill HCC cells. This approach represents a novel immunotherapy for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Sun
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Chinese PLA, Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery, PLA, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Chinese PLA, Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuoya Deng
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Chinese PLA, Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Penghui Yang
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Chinese PLA, Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery, PLA, Beijing, China.
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Hu H, Xia Q, Hu J, Wang S. Oncolytic Viruses for the Treatment of Bladder Cancer: Advances, Challenges, and Prospects. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11236997. [PMID: 36498574 PMCID: PMC9738443 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11236997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers. Despite recent advancements in bladder cancer therapy, new strategies are still required for improving patient outcomes, particularly for those who experienced Bacille Calmette-Guerin failure and those with locally advanced or metastatic bladder cancer. Oncolytic viruses are either naturally occurring or purposefully engineered viruses that have the ability to selectively infect and lyse tumor cells while avoiding harming healthy cells. In light of this, oncolytic viruses serve as a novel and promising immunotherapeutic strategy for bladder cancer. A wide diversity of viruses, including adenoviruses, herpes simplex virus, coxsackievirus, Newcastle disease virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, alphavirus, and vaccinia virus, have been studied in many preclinical and clinical studies for their potential as oncolytic agents for bladder cancer. This review aims to provide an overview of the advances in oncolytic viruses for the treatment of bladder cancer and highlights the challenges and research directions for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jia Hu
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (S.W.)
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Yadollahvandmiandoab R, Jalalizadeh M, Buosi K, Garcia-Perdomo HA, Reis LO. Immunogenic Cell Death Role in Urothelial Cancer Therapy. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:6700-6713. [PMID: 36135095 PMCID: PMC9498148 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29090526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Bladder cancer is the 13th most common cause of cancer death with the highest lifetime cost for treatment of all cancers. This scoping review clarifies the available evidence on the role of a novel therapeutic approach called immunogenic cell death (ICD) in urothelial cancer of the bladder. Methods: In accordance with the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute, we searched MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE, CENTRAL databases, and supplemented with manual searches through the conferences, Google scholar, and clinicaltrials.gov for published studies up to April 2022. We included literature that studied molecular mechanisms of ICD and the role of certain danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in generating ICD, safety and efficacy of different ICD inducers, and their contributions in combination with other urothelial cancer treatments. Results: Oncolytic viruses, radiotherapy, certain chemo/chemo radiation therapy combinations, photodynamic therapy, and novel agents were studied as ICD-inducing treatment modalities in the included studies. ICD was observed in vitro (murine or human urothelial carcinoma) in ten studies, eight studies were performed on mouse models (orthotopic or subcutaneous), and five clinical trials assessed patient response to ICD inducing agents. The most common studied DAMPs were Calreticulin, HMGB1, ATP, and Heat Shock Proteins (HSP) 70 and 90, which were either expressed on the cancer cells or released. Conclusion: ICD inducers were able to generate lasting antitumor immune responses with memory formation in animal studies (vaccination effect). In clinical trials these agents generally had low side effects, except for one trial, and could be used alone or in combination with other cancer treatment strategies in urothelial cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Yadollahvandmiandoab
- UroScience, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Mehrsa Jalalizadeh
- UroScience, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Keini Buosi
- UroScience, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Herney Andrés Garcia-Perdomo
- Division of Urology/Urooncology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidad del Valle, Cali 72824, Colombia
| | - Leonardo Oliveira Reis
- UroScience, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
- Center for Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, PUC-Campinas, Sao Paulo 13087-571, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-019-35217481
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