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Martins-de-Barros AV, Carvalho MDV, Araújo FADC. AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma of the oral cavity. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2023; 56:e0133. [PMID: 37283351 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0133-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Allan Vinícius Martins-de-Barros
- Universidade de Pernambuco, Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Recife, PE, Brasil
- Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz, Centro Integrado de Anatomia Patológica, Recife, PE, Brasil
- Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz, Departamento de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Bucomaxilofacial, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Marianne de Vasconcelos Carvalho
- Universidade de Pernambuco, Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Recife, PE, Brasil
- Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz, Centro Integrado de Anatomia Patológica, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Fábio Andrey da Costa Araújo
- Universidade de Pernambuco, Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Recife, PE, Brasil
- Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz, Departamento de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Bucomaxilofacial, Recife, PE, Brasil
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Ma JY, Liu JW. Disseminated Kaposi Sarcoma. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:1711-1714. [PMID: 36032412 PMCID: PMC9400676 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s376060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is the most common HIV-associated neoplasm. Disseminated Kaposi sarcoma became rare with the application of antiretroviral therapy. Oral AIDS-associated KS has prognostic relevance, indicating higher mortality than those with cutaneous lesions only. In this study, we reported a 40-year-old man presented with ulcerated violaceous plaques on his hard palate. Similar lesion can be observed on his left groin and anus, as well as on esophagus and gastric fundus under upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Histological examination accorded with KS. After five cycles of doxorubicin, his oral, skin and esophagus lesions regressed considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yuan Ma
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Wei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
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Drabent P, Fraitag S. Malignant Superficial Mesenchymal Tumors in Children. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092160. [PMID: 35565289 PMCID: PMC9104419 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant superficial mesenchymal tumors are a very diverse group of neoplasms with few clinical and radiological discriminatory factors. Hence, some of these cancers are rarely suspected based on clinical and radiological grounds, others may be easily misdiagnosed, and the histological analysis of a biopsy or resection is central in the diagnostic process. In children, the age at presentation is a major element of the differential diagnosis. Some tumors have a very distinct epidemiology, while others may be seen at any age. More recently, the advances in molecular biology have greatly improved the diagnosis of mesenchymal tumors and new entities are still being described. In the present review, we provide an overview of the diversity of malignant superficial mesenchymal tumors in children, including new and/or rare entities. We discuss the important diagnostic features, be they clinical, histological, or molecular. Special attention was given to the genetic features of these tumors, particularly when they were helpful for the diagnosis or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Drabent
- Department of Pathology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, 75015 Paris, France;
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Fraitag
- Department of Pathology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, 75015 Paris, France;
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, 75005 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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4
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Oral lymphangioma-like Kaposi sarcoma: a Brazilian case report in a scenario of a still high number of HIV infections. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 26:171-176. [PMID: 34089420 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-021-00974-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We present a challenging case of HIV-related lymphangioma-like Kaposi sarcoma (LLKS) affecting the oral cavity. A 54-year-old Brazilian male patient was referred to our center complaining of bleeding lesions affecting the oral cavity for 2 months. Interestingly, these oral lesions were the first clinical manifestation of HIV infection. Clinically, multiple erythematous nodular and patch lesions were observed. An incisional biopsy was performed, revealing numerous microscopic angled and irregular vascular channels lined with flattened endothelial cells. More cellularized and solid areas consisting of more fusiform cells with little pleomorphism and with slit-like vascular channels were noted. Based on immunoreactivity for CD31, CD34, D2-40, and HHV-8, the final diagnosis was oral LLKS. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was initiated with dolutegravir, tenofovir, and lamivudine. During follow-up, the patient showed KS metastases to other sites and a chemotherapeutic protocol was initiated. Regression of the oral lesion was clearly noted by the clinicians 1 year after the KS diagnosis. Dentists should be able to recognize systemic diseases that affect the oral cavity such as KS in order to make an early diagnosis of its oral manifestations and to implement effective therapeutic measures to ensure a better prognosis.
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Cáceres CVBLD, Vargas PA, Sánchez-Romero C, Bunn BK, Heerden WFPV, Fonseca FP. Distribution of Dendritic Cells in AIDS-Associated Oral Kaposi's Sarcoma. Braz Dent J 2019; 30:617-625. [PMID: 31800757 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201902599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine if the distribution of Langerhans cells (LC) and interstitial dendritic cells (IDC) is altered in AIDS-associated oral Kaposi's sarcoma when compared to HIV-negative highly vascular oral lesions. Fifty-one cases of AIDS-associated oral Kaposi's sarcoma and 20 of highly vascular oral lesions were retrospectively retrieved. All cases of Kaposi's sarcoma were confirmed with immunoreactions against CD34 and HHV-8. Clinical data regarding sex, age and lesions location were obtained from pathology reports. Immunohistochemistry against CD207 (immature dendritic cells) and CD83 (mature dendritic cells) were done. LC were in the epithelium and IDC in the stroma. CD207+ cells predominated in the epithelium of the lesions, whereas CD83+ cells predominated in their stromal compartment. Kaposi's sarcoma had a lower CD207+ immature LC count (p=0.02) and an increased CD207+ IDC than highly vascular oral lesions (p<0.001). Moreover, Kaposi's sarcoma also showed an increased number of mature CD83+ IDC than highly vascular oral lesions (p<0.001). There were significant alterations in the distribution of LC and IDC in AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma when compared to HIV-negative vascular oral lesions, suggesting that changes in their concentrations may play a role in the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, UNICAMP - Universidade de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.,Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Celeste Sánchez-Romero
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, UNICAMP - Universidade de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Belinda K Bunn
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Willie F P van Heerden
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Felipe Paiva Fonseca
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, UNICAMP - Universidade de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.,Department of Oral Surgery and Patholog, School of Dentistry, UFMG, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Atypical ulceration of the hard palate. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2019; 128:347-352. [PMID: 31270011 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is the most common neoplasm of people living with HIV today. In Sub-Saharan Africa, KS is among the most common cancers in men, overall. Not only HIV-positive individuals present with KS; any immune compromised person infected with KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) or human herpesvirus 8 is at risk: the elderly, children in KSHV-endemic areas, and transplant recipients. KS diagnosis is based on detection of the viral protein latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) in the biopsy, but not all cases of KS are the same or will respond to the same therapy. Standard KS therapy has not changed in 20 years, but newer modalities are on the horizon and will be discussed.
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Pérez-López D, Pena-Cristóbal M, Otero-Rey EM, Tomás I, Blanco-Carrión A. Clinical value of diascopy and other non-invasive techniques on differential diagnosis algorithms of oral pigmentations: A systematic review. J Clin Exp Dent 2016; 8:e448-e458. [PMID: 27703615 PMCID: PMC5045694 DOI: 10.4317/jced.53005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the diagnostic value of diascopy and other non-invasive clinical aids on recent differential diagnosis algorithms of oral mucosal pigmentations affecting subjects of any age. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data Sources: this systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed, Scopus, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source and the Cochrane Library (2000-2015); Study Selection: two reviewers independently selected all types of English articles describing differential diagnosis algorithms of oral pigmentations and checked the references of finally included papers; Data Extraction: one reviewer performed the data extraction and quality assessment based on previously defined fields while the other reviewer checked their validity. RESULTS Data Synthesis: eight narrative reviews and one single case report met the inclusion criteria. Diascopy was used on six algorithms (66.67%) and X-ray was included once (11.11%; 44.44% with text mentions); these were considered helpful tools in the diagnosis of intravascular and exogenous pigmentations, respectively. Surface rubbing was described once in the text (11.11%). CONCLUSIONS Diascopy was the most applied method followed by X-ray and surface rubbing. The limited scope of these procedures only makes them useful when a positive result is obtained, turning biopsy into the most recommended technique when diagnosis cannot be established on clinical grounds alone. Key words:Algorithm, differential diagnosis, flow chart, oral mucosa, oral pigmentation, systematic review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pérez-López
- PhD Student, Facultade de Medicina e Odontoloxía, Departamento de Estomatoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maite Pena-Cristóbal
- Postgraduate Student, Facultade de Medicina e Odontoloxía, Departamento de Estomatoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eva-María Otero-Rey
- PhD, Facultade de Medicina e Odontoloxía, Departamento de Estomatoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Tomás
- Senior Lecturer, Oral Sciences Research Group, Facultade de Medicina e Odontoloxía, Departamento de Estomatoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Andrés Blanco-Carrión
- Senior Lecturer, GI-1319, Facultade de Medicina e Odontoloxía, Departamento de Estomatoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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9
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Iatrogenic Kaposi's sarcoma following therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2016; 33:149-51. [PMID: 27279826 PMCID: PMC4884783 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2016.59163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Cavernous hemangioma-like kaposi sarcoma: histomorphologic features and differential diagnosis. Case Rep Med 2013; 2013:959812. [PMID: 24187557 PMCID: PMC3800618 DOI: 10.1155/2013/959812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. Cavernous hemangioma-like Kaposi sarcoma is a rare morphologic type of Kaposi sarcoma. So far there are no cases in the literature defining the histological features of this morphologic spectrum in detail. In this study we presented two classical-type cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma cases with histologic findings resembling cavernous hemangioma in company with clinical and histopathological data. Cases. One hundred and eighty-five classical-type cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma lesions in 79 patients were assessed retrospectively in terms of histopathological features. Findings of two cases showing features of cavernous hemangioma-like Kaposi sarcoma whose clinical data could be accessed were presented in accompany with the literature data. Both cases were detected to have bluish-purple, protruded, irregularly bordered cutaneous lesions. Histopathological examination revealed a lesion formed by cavernous hemangioma-like vascular structures organized in a lobular pattern that became dilated and filled with blood. Typical histological findings of early-stage KS, consisting of mononuclear inflammation, extravasated erythrocytes, and a few immature vascular structures in superficial dermis, were observed. All cases were serologically HIV-1 negative. A positive reaction with HHV-8, CD31, CD34, and D2-40 monoclonal antibodies was identified at both cavernous hemangioma-like areas and in immature vascular structures. Results. Cavernous hemangioma-like Kaposi sarcoma is a rare Kaposi sarcoma variant presenting with diagnostic challenges, that may be confused with hemangioma. As characteristic morphological features may not be observed in every case, it is important for diagnostic purposes to show immunohistochemical HHV-8 positivity in this variant.
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Servato JPS, Loyola AM, Spini PHR, Spini TH, de Faria PR, Cardoso SV. Regression of oral Kaposi's sarcoma after combination antiretroviral therapy. Infection 2013; 41:1201-2. [PMID: 23881519 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-013-0508-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J P S Servato
- Area of Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Pará, 1720, Campus Umuarama, Uberlandia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil
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Pugalagiri P, Muller S, Cox DP, Kessler HP, Wright JM, Cheng YSL. Lymphangioma-like Kaposi sarcoma of the oral mucosa. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013; 116:84-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2013.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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