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Patient Assessment. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 81:E13-E34. [PMID: 37833021 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2023.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
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Sammartino G, Gasparro R, Spagnuolo G, Miniello A, Blasi A, Marenzi G. Influence of the Antithrombotic Therapy in the Healing of Simple Post-Extraction Sockets: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133654. [PMID: 35806937 PMCID: PMC9267478 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: An adequate blood supply plays a leading role in the healing process of the post-extractive socket; its coagulation leads to fibrin clot formation, which acts as a physical barrier able to prevent postoperative bleeding and microbial infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of antiaggregant drugs in healing post-extraction sockets compared to natural wound healing. Methods: This was a single-center prospective clinical trial. Extraction sockets allocated in healthy patients and in patients assuming antiplatelet drugs were considered. Thirty consecutive patients under (treated with/in treatment with) oral antiplatelet treatment were enrolled in the test group. In order to provide a control group, 30 consecutive patients meeting all the exclusion and inclusion criteria were enrolled. The extraction of the mono-radicular tooth was atraumatically performed without gingivoplasty or osteotomy procedures that could influence the healing process. Photographs were obtained before and immediately after surgery and at 3-, 7-, 14- and 28-days follow-up. Results: All patients assumed the prescribed therapy and their post-operative recovery was uneventful without any kind of post-extractive complications. The results of inter-group comparison show that on the third and seventh days of follow-up, the antiplatelet group expressed a statistically significant higher level of healing compared to the control group (p < 0.05), while no statistically significant differences were recorded at 14- and 28-days follow-up. Conclusions: Patients treated with antiplatelet agents seemed to show that this therapy can positively affect the healing process after tooth extractions.
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Lewandowski B, Myszka A, Migut M, Czenczek-Lewandowska E, Brodowski R. Analysing the effectiveness of topical bleeding care following tooth extraction in patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy-retrospective observational study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:31. [PMID: 33451310 PMCID: PMC7809775 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01391-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients using antiplatelet drugs following infarctions, acute coronary syndrome or stroke pose a significant clinical problem if it is necessary to perform surgery, including dental surgery, since they are at risk of prolonged or secondary post-extraction bleeding. Discontinuation of this therapy is associated with a high risk of serious thromboembolic complications. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of TachoSil fibrin-collagen patches in stopping and preventing of secondary post-extraction bleeding in patients undergoing chronic antiplatelet therapy. Methods The study was conducted through retrospective examination of the medical records of 153 patients using chronic antiplatelet therapy and those qualified for tooth extraction. The largest group comprised 74 patients using aspirin and clopidogrel as dual platelet antiaggregation therapy; in this group 75 tooth extractions were carried out. In all of the patients TachoSil fibrin-collagen patches and stiches were applied to the wounds resulting from tooth removal. Results Following tooth extraction, primary bleeding was stopped in all the patients and their wounds closed via coagulation within 20–30 min. In eight cases, accounting for 4.9% of the patients, secondary bleeding occurred and was successfully stopped only by applying a pressure dressing soaked in tranexamic acid. Secondary bleeding occurred in three patients on the second day and in five patients on the third day following tooth removal. Conclusion Topical application of TachoSil patches following tooth removal in patients using single or dual antiplatelet therapy effectively stopped bleeding and prevented secondary bleeding after tooth extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogumił Lewandowski
- Medical College, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland. .,Departament of Maxillofacial Surgery, Fryderyk Chopin Clinical State Hospital, Rzeszow, Poland.
| | | | - Małgorzata Migut
- Medical College, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland.,Departament of Maxillofacial Surgery, Fryderyk Chopin Clinical State Hospital, Rzeszow, Poland
| | | | - Robert Brodowski
- Departament of Maxillofacial Surgery, Fryderyk Chopin Clinical State Hospital, Rzeszow, Poland
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Post-extraction bleeding complications in patients on uninterrupted dual antiplatelet therapy-a prospective study. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:507-514. [PMID: 32572638 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03410-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental surgeons consider patients on antiplatelet therapy (APT) to be at a risk for perioperative bleeding during dental extraction. This fear often prompts them to consider a temporary withdrawal of the medication for a few days before extraction. Such withdrawal can have serious consequences, especially in patients on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to analyze if patients on uninterrupted DAPT undergoing dental extractions had an increased risk of bleeding complications when compared with patients on no antiplatelet therapy. METHODS This prospective study included 120 DAPT patients and an equal number of age- and gender-matched non-APT patients undergoing dental extractions. Immediate and delayed bleeding complications in both groups were recorded. Interventions required to control the post-extraction hemorrhage were also analyzed. RESULTS Duration of DAPT medication ranged from 6 months to 13 years. Post-percutaneous coronary intervention was the most common cause for DAPT. A vast majority of patients in both groups underwent extraction of one or two teeth. Patients on DAPT had a 7-fold increased risk of immediate bleeding complications when compared with control group. All bleeding episodes were controlled with local hemostatic measures. Transalveolar extractions and localized periodontitis had a significant relationship to bleeding complications. CONCLUSION This study observed an increase in the risk of prolonged bleeding in uninterrupted DAPT patients undergoing dental extractions. Bleeding episodes were amenable to local hemostatic measures with favorable outcomes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Dental extractions in patients on uninterrupted DAPT can be done safely. Resorting to temporary withdrawal of DAPT due to a fear of excessive bleeding is unnecessary.
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Engelen ET, Schutgens REG, Mauser‐Bunschoten EP, van Es RJJ, van Galen KPM. Antifibrinolytic therapy for preventing oral bleeding in people on anticoagulants undergoing minor oral surgery or dental extractions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 7:CD012293. [PMID: 29963686 PMCID: PMC6513563 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012293.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals on continuous treatment with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are at increased risk of bleeding complications during and after oral or dental procedures. Anticoagulant treatment is preferably continued at the same dose, since dose reduction or discontinuation of treatment is associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism. The use of haemostatic measures during or after the procedure (or both) could enable continuation of the oral anticoagulant treatment. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the efficacy of antifibrinolytic agents for preventing bleeding complications in people on oral anticoagulants undergoing minor oral surgery or dental extractions. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Coagulopathies Trials Register, compiled from electronic database searches and handsearching of journals and conference abstract books. We also searched the reference lists of relevant articles and reviews. We searched PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library. Additional searches were performed using ClinicalTrials.gov, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), the CINAHL database of nursing and allied health services, the open access ProQuest dissertation database, papers and reports from the American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP) and abstract books from annual scientific conferences.Date of last search: 04 January 2018. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials in people on continuous treatment with VKAs or DOACs undergoing oral or dental procedures using antifibrinolytic agents (tranexamic acid (TXA) or epsilon aminocaproic acid) to prevent perioperative bleeding compared to no intervention or usual care with or without placebo. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors independently screened the titles and abstracts of all identified articles. Full texts were obtained from potentially relevant abstracts and two authors independently assessed these for inclusion based of the selection criteria. A third author verified trial eligibility. Two authors independently performed data extraction and risk of bias assessments using standardized forms. The quality of the evidence was assessed using GRADE. MAIN RESULTS No eligible trials in people on continuous treatment with DOACs undergoing oral or dental procedures were identified.Three randomised trials and one quasi-randomised trial (follow-up in all was seven days) in people on continuous treatment with VKAs were included with a total of 253 participants (mean age 60 years). Two trials published in 1989 and 1993 compared the antifibrinolytic agent TXA with placebo in people using VKAs. Two other trials were published in 1999 and 2015 and compared TXA with gelatin sponge and sutures, and dry gauze compression, respectively. In all included trials, those who were treated with VKAs had international normalised ratio (INR) values within the therapeutic range and TXA was applied locally, not systemically.The two trials from 1989 and 1993 comparing TXA with placebo showed a statistically significant beneficial effect regarding the number of major postoperative bleeding episodes requiring intervention, with a pooled risk difference (RD) of -0.25 (95% confidence interval (CI) -0.36 to -0.14) (128 participants) (moderate-quality evidence). For the two trials that compared TXA with either gelatin sponge and sutures or with dry gauze compression, there was no difference between the TXA and the standard care group, RD 0.02 (95% CI -0.07 to 0.11) (125 participants) (moderate-quality evidence). The combined RD of all included trials was -0.13 (95% CI -0.30 to 0.05) (moderate-quality evidence). There were no side effects of antifibrinolytic therapy that required treatment withdrawal (128 participants) (moderate-quality evidence). Despite heterogeneity between trials with respect to the different haemostatic measures used in the control groups, the trials were comparable regarding design and baseline participant characteristics.Overall, we considered the risk of bias to be low in the trials comparing TXA with placebo and moderate in the trials comparing TXA with alternative haemostatic measures. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of this Cochrane Review, there seems to be a beneficial effect of locally applied TXA in preventing oral bleeding in people on continuous treatment with VKAs undergoing minor oral surgery or dental extractions. However, the small number of identified randomised controlled trials, the relatively small number of participants included in the trials and the differences in standard therapy and treatment regimens between trials, do not allow us to conclude definite efficacy of antifibrinolytic therapy in this population.We were unable to identify any eligible trials in people on continuous treatment with DOACs undergoing oral or dental procedures. Therefore, a beneficial effect of antifibrinolytic therapy can currently only be assumed based on data from the people using VKAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline T Engelen
- University Medical Centre UtrechtPoortstraat 95UtrechtNetherlands3572HG
| | - Roger EG Schutgens
- University Medical Centre UtrechtVan Creveldkliniek / Department of HaematologyHeidelberglaan 100UtrechtNetherlands3584CX
| | - Evelien P Mauser‐Bunschoten
- University Medical Centre UtrechtVan Creveldkliniek / Department of HaematologyHeidelberglaan 100UtrechtNetherlands3584CX
| | - Robert JJ van Es
- University Medical Center UtrechtOral and Maxillofacial SurgeryHeidelberglaan 100UtrechtNetherlands3584CX
| | - Karin PM van Galen
- University Medical Centre UtrechtVan Creveldkliniek / Department of HaematologyHeidelberglaan 100UtrechtNetherlands3584CX
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Tabrizi R, Khaheshi I, Hoseinzadeh A, Rezvanpour B, Shafie S. Do Antiplatelet Drugs Increase the Risk of Bleeding After Dental Implant Surgery? A Case-and-Crossover Study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 76:2092-2096. [PMID: 29928849 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2018.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cessation versus continuation of antiplatelet drugs in patients undergoing dental implant surgery is a controversial issue. The present study evaluated postoperative bleeding during and after dental implant surgery in patients taking aspirin (ASA) or clopidogrel. MATERIAL AND METHODS The present study is a case-and-crossover study. Patients who were using antiplatelet drugs and receiving 2 bilateral dental implants in the posterior region of the mandible were studied. During session 1, dental implants were placed without stopping the intake of antiplatelet drugs. During session 2, antiplatelet drugs were stopped for 5 days. In group 1, platelet activity was measured by an assay based on flow cytometry and represented the platelet reactivity index. In group 2, platelet function analysis was used to monitor the antiplatelet effect of ASA. Bleeding severity was assessed using a visual analog scale for 72 hours after dental implant placement during sessions 1 and 2. Use of antiplatelet drugs was the predictive factor of the study and bleeding severity and platelet function were the outcomes of the study. RESULTS Twenty-two patients composed group 1 (clopidogrel 75 mg) and 20 composed group 2 (ASA 80 mg). In group 1, bleeding severity was 4.86 ± 0.77 during session 1 and 4.59 ± 0.66 during session 2. Data analysis showed no difference in bleeding severity between sessions 1 and 2 in group 1 (P = .72). In group 2, bleeding severity was 4.05 ± 0.94 during session 1 and 3.9 ± 0.85 during session 2. There was no difference in bleeding severity between sessions 1 and 2 in patients taking ASA (P = .19). CONCLUSION The results suggest that continuing the intake of antiplatelet drugs did not increase bleeding after placement of dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Tabrizi
- Associate Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shahid Beheshti Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Isa Khaheshi
- Assistant Professor of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Centre, Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Hoseinzadeh
- Student of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Rezvanpour
- Student of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shervin Shafie
- Student of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Bensi C, Belli S, Paradiso D, Lomurno G. Postoperative bleeding risk of direct oral anticoagulants after oral surgery procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 47:923-932. [PMID: 29627150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Direct oral anticoagulants (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban and edoxaban; DOACs) have been introduced to improve safety and superior therapeutic value compared to their predecessors such as warfarin or enoxaparin. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the postoperative bleeding risk of DOACs during oral surgery procedures. Systematic searches were performed in electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. Thirteen studies were included in the qualitative synthesis: two retrospective case-control studies, five prospective case-control studies, three cross-sectional studies, two case series and a case report; while only six studies were statistically analysed. The risk ratio of postoperative bleeding in DOACs patients was significantly greater than in healthy patients (3.04; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.31-7.04). This is especially true for rivaroxaban (4.13; 95% CI=1.25-13.69), and less so for dabigatran which presented a risk ratio similar to that of healthy patients (1.00; 95% CI=0.21-4.82). However, further research is required to support these results. Both apixaban and edoxaban were excluded from statistical analysis due to the lack of clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bensi
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - S Belli
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - D Paradiso
- S.S.D. of Oral Surgery and Ambulatory, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - G Lomurno
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; S.S.D. of Oral Surgery and Ambulatory, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy
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Sáez-Alcaide LM, Sola-Martín C, Molinero-Mourelle P, Paredes-Rodríguez V, Zarrias-Caballero C, Hernández-Vallejo G. Dental management in patients with antiplatelet therapy: A systematic review. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e1044-e1050. [PMID: 28936297 PMCID: PMC5601106 DOI: 10.4317/jced.54079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular diseases are the most frequent cause of death in the Western world. Its treatment frequently needs therapy with antiplatelet agents, which increases the haemorrhage risk after oral surgical procedures. The aim of this study is to present a review on the dental management of the patients under antiplatelet treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic review was carried out following PRISMA recommendations including studies searched in Pubmed-Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases. RESULTS The current trend is to maintain the treatment during the surgical procedure, assuring a good control of the haemorrhage with local haemostatic measures. However, new antiplatelet drugs protocols are not firmly established. CONCLUSIONS In spite of the existing recommendations, it is always advisable to consult with the internist or cardiologist of every patient before any intervention. Key words:Antiplatelet, Oral Surgery, Exodontia, Dental Management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis-Miguel Sáez-Alcaide
- DDS. Postgraduate student. Department of Medicine and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid
| | - Cristina Sola-Martín
- DDS. Graduate student. Department of Medicine and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid
| | - Pedro Molinero-Mourelle
- DDS. Postgraduate student. Department of Medicine and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid
| | - Victor Paredes-Rodríguez
- DDS, PhD. Assistant Professor. Department of Medicine and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid
| | - Carmen Zarrias-Caballero
- DDS, PhD. Assistant Professor. Department of Medicine and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid
| | - Gonzalo Hernández-Vallejo
- DDS, MD, PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Medicine and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid
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Rojanaworarit C, Limsawan S. Risk of Hemorrhage Attributed to Underlying Chronic Diseases and Uninterrupted Aspirin Therapy of Patients Undergoing Minor Oral Surgical Procedures: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Prev Med Public Health 2017; 50:165-176. [PMID: 28605890 PMCID: PMC5495684 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.16.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to estimate the risk of bleeding following minor oral surgical procedures and uninterrupted aspirin therapy in high-risk patients or patients with existing chronic diseases compared to patients who did not use aspirin during minor oral surgery at a public hospital. Methods This retrospective cohort study analyzed the data of 2912 patients, aged 20 years or older, who underwent 5251 minor oral surgical procedures at a district hospital in Thailand. The aspirin group was comprised of patients continuing aspirin therapy during oral surgery. The non-aspirin group (reference) included all those who did not use aspirin during surgery. Immediate and late-onset bleeding was evaluated in each procedure. The risk ratio of bleeding was estimated using a multilevel Poisson regression. Results The overall cumulative incidence of immediate bleeding was 1.3% of total procedures. No late-onset bleeding was found. A significantly greater incidence of bleeding was found in the aspirin group (5.8% of procedures, p<0.001). After adjusting for covariates, a multilevel Poisson regression model estimated that the bleeding risk in the aspirin group was 4.5 times higher than that of the non-aspirin group (95% confidence interval, 2.0 to 10.0; p<0.001). However, all bleeding events were controlled by simple hemostatic measures. Conclusions High-risk patients or patients with existing chronic diseases who continued aspirin therapy following minor oral surgery were at a higher risk of hemorrhage than general patients who had not used aspirin. Nonetheless, bleeding complications were not life-threatening and could be promptly managed by simple hemostatic measures. The procedures could therefore be provided with an awareness of increased bleeding risk, prepared hemostatic measures, and postoperative monitoring, without the need for discontinuing aspirin, which could lead to more serious complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soontaree Limsawan
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Donovan TE, Marzola R, Murphy KR, Cagna DR, Eichmiller F, McKee JR, Metz JE, Albouy JP. Annual review of selected scientific literature: Report of the committee on scientific investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 2016; 116:663-740. [PMID: 28236412 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM It is clear the contemporary dentist is confronted with a blizzard of information regarding materials and techniques from journal articles, advertisements, newsletters, the internet, and continuing education events. While some of that information is sound and helpful, much of it is misleading at best. PURPOSE This review identifies and discusses the most important scientific findings regarding outcomes of dental treatment to assist the practitioner in making evidence-based choices. This review was conducted to assist the busy dentist in keeping abreast of the latest scientific information regarding the clinical practice of dentistry. MATERIAL AND METHODS Each of the authors, who are considered experts in their disciplines, was asked to peruse the scientific literature published in 2015 in their discipline and review the articles for important information that may have an impact on treatment decisions. Comments on experimental methodology, statistical evaluation, and overall validity of the conclusions are included in many of the reviews. RESULTS The reviews are not meant to stand alone but are intended to inform the interested reader about what has been discovered in the past year. The readers are then invited to go to the source if they wish more detail. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of the scientific literature published in 2015 is divided into 7 sections, dental materials, periodontics, prosthodontics, occlusion and temporomandibular disorders, sleep-disordered breathing, cariology, and implant dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence E Donovan
- Professor, Biomaterials, University of North Carolina School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, N.C.
| | | | | | - David R Cagna
- Professor, Advanced Prosthodontics University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tenn
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Zirk M, Fienitz T, Edel R, Kreppel M, Dreiseidler T, Rothamel D. Prevention of post-operative bleeding in hemostatic compromised patients using native porcine collagen fleeces-retrospective study of a consecutive case series. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 20:249-54. [PMID: 27139018 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-016-0560-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Various anticoagulant therapy regimes bear the risk of postsurgical bleeding events after dental extractions. Local hemostyptic measures, e.g., collagen fleeces, are applied by surgeons to prevent such bleedings. No standard protocol in prevention of bleeding events has met general acceptance among surgeons yet. PURPOSE The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine if post-operative bleeding can be prevented by suturing native collagen fleeces into extraction wounds immediately after teeth removal, regardless what anticoagulant regime is performed. METHODS A total of 741 extraction units were removed from 200 consecutive in-ward patients with or without alternation of different anticoagulant therapy regimes. Anti-vitamin K agents were the most prescribed drugs (n = 104, 52 %), followed by Acetylsalicylate (ASS) (n = 78, 39 %). Nineteen (9.5 %) patients received a dual anti-platelet therapy. Out of 104 patients receiving an anti-vitamin K agent (phenprocoumon), 84 patients were bridged, 20 patients continued to their anticoagulant therapy without alterations. Following careful tooth extraction, extraction sockets were filled using a native type I and III porcine collagen sponge (Collacone, Botiss Biomaterials, Berlin), supported by single and mattress sutures for local hemostasis. Post-operative bleeding events were rated according to their clinical relevance. RESULTS In the post-operative phase, 8 out of 200 consecutively treated patients experienced a post-operative bleeding event. All of them had been designated for a long-term anti-vitamin K therapy (p ≤ 0.05), and extractions were performed under a heparin bridging regime (n = 6) or an uninterrupted anti-vitamin K agent therapy (n = 2). No bleeding events occurred in patients with ASS 100 therapy or low-dose LMWH therapy (p ≤ 0.05), or in patients with dual anti-platelet therapy (0 out of 24). None of the bleeding events put patients' health at risk or required systemic intervention. CONCLUSION Sufficiently performed local hemostyptic measures, like the application of collagen fleeces in combination with atraumatic surgery, bears a great potential for preventing heavy bleeding events in hemostatic compromised patients, regardless of their anticoagulant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Zirk
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Tim Fienitz
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Robin Edel
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Kreppel
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Timo Dreiseidler
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniel Rothamel
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50931, Cologne, Germany
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Engelen ET, Schutgens REG, Mauser-Bunschoten EP, van Es RJJ, van Galen KPM. Antifibrinolytic therapy for preventing oral bleeding in people on anticoagulants undergoing oral or dental procedures. Hippokratia 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eveline T Engelen
- University Medical Centre Utrecht; Poortstraat 95 Utrecht Netherlands 3572HG
| | - Roger EG Schutgens
- University Medical Centre Utrecht; Van Creveldkliniek / Department of Haematology; Heidelberglaan 100 Utrecht Netherlands 3584CX
| | - Evelien P Mauser-Bunschoten
- University Medical Centre Utrecht; Van Creveldkliniek / Department of Haematology; Heidelberglaan 100 Utrecht Netherlands 3584CX
| | - Robert JJ van Es
- University Medical Center Utrecht; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Heidelberglaan 100 Utrecht Netherlands 3584CX
| | - Karin PM van Galen
- University Medical Centre Utrecht; Van Creveldkliniek / Department of Haematology; Heidelberglaan 100 Utrecht Netherlands 3584CX
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