1
|
Villa A, William WN, Hanna GJ. Cancer Precursor Syndromes and Their Detection in the Head and Neck. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2024; 38:813-830. [PMID: 38705773 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
This article explores the multifaceted landscape of oral cancer precursor syndromes. Hereditary disorders like dyskeratosis congenita and Fanconi anemia increase the risk of malignancy. Oral potentially malignant disorders, notably leukoplakia, are discussed as precursors influenced by genetic and immunologic facets. Molecular insights delve into genetic mutations, allelic imbalances, and immune modulation as key players in precancerous progression, suggesting potential therapeutic targets. The article navigates the controversial terrain of management strategies of leukoplakia, encompassing surgical resection, chemoprevention, and immune modulation, while emphasizing the ongoing challenges in developing effective, evidence-based preventive approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Villa
- Oral Medicine, Oral Oncology and Dentistry, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, 8900 N. Kendall Drive. Miami, FL 33176, USA; Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - William N William
- Thoracic Oncology Program, Grupo Oncoclínicas Grupo Oncoclínicas, Av. Pres. Juscelino Kubitschek, 510, 2º andar, São Paulo, São Paulo 04543-906, Brazil
| | - Glenn J Hanna
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Head & Neck Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana Building, Room 2-140. Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lombardi N, Arduino PG, Lampiano M, Gambino A, Broccoletti R, Varoni EM, Lodi G. Surgical treatment compared with "wait and see" in patients affected by oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer: Preliminary data from a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38938085 DOI: 10.1111/odi.15058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral leukoplakia (OL) is one of the most common and investigated oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD). Preventing OSCC occurrence should be the primary outcome in the clinical management of OL. Surgical removal of OL is performed by most clinicians, although its effectiveness in reducing OSCC onset has still not been established by randomized controlled trials (RCT). Wait and see approach is characterized by frequent clinical examinations and periodical biopsies of OL, avoiding unnecessary surgical procedures. This is the first multicenter RCT in literature aiming at comparing the effectiveness of surgical removal and the "wait and see" approach in preventing OSCC onset in patients affected by dysplastic and non-dysplastic OL. METHODS Two Italian referral care centres for oral diseases were involved in this multicenter two-arm RCT comparing the surgical removal of OL (group A) and the "wait and see" approach (group B), with the aim of reducing oral cancer onset. RESULTS This report shows preliminary data on the first 161 patients, with a mean follow-up of 19.14 ± 11.25 months. Eight cases of OSCC occurred (6 out 8 involving the tongue): one case in group A and seven cases in group B. Moreover, OL recurred in 13 (20%) cases after surgical excision. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this preliminary report, these initial data underline the increased risk of OSCC onset in the case of OL of the tongue in the presence of epithelial dysplasia in group B ("wait and see") compared to group A (surgery). This RCT is currently ongoing at the same clinical departments, with the aim of enrolling 310 patients and collecting data at 5-year follow-up, in order to achieve conclusive results, in an evidence-based medicine approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, SC Odontostomatologia II, Ospedale San Paolo, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo G Arduino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, CIR Dental School, Università Degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Lampiano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, CIR Dental School, Università Degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessio Gambino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, CIR Dental School, Università Degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Broccoletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, CIR Dental School, Università Degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena M Varoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, SC Odontostomatologia II, Ospedale San Paolo, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lodi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, SC Odontostomatologia II, Ospedale San Paolo, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Marcu (Selaru) CA, Parlatescu I, Tovaru S, Nicolae CL, Costache M, Tovaru M. Lichen Planus of the Lip-Case Series and Review of the Literature. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:987. [PMID: 38929604 PMCID: PMC11205475 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Lichen planus of the lip (LPL) is a chronic inflammatory condition that resembles actinic cheilitis, discoid lupus erythematosus, graft-versus-host disease, and lichenoid reaction to dental materials or drugs. The purpose of this study was to conduct a literature review on lichen planus lip involvement and to report a retrospective observational study that characterises and explores the clinical, histopathological, and evolution of the lesions in a group of patients with unique involvement of LPL. Materials and Methods: Clinical data of patients diagnosed with LPL was retrieved from the medical charts of the patients referred to the Oral Pathology Department of the "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy. A concurrent electronic literature research was carried out using PubMed and Web of Science from 2003 to 2023. Results: Eleven patients diagnosed with unique LPL were analysed (male/female ratio was 1.75, mean age 63.64 years ± 12.52). All patients presented lesions of the lower lip; the clinical forms were atrophic (six cases) and erosive (five cases), and the histopathological exam confirmed the diagnosis. After topical treatment with corticosteroids, most of the patients had complete remission. The literature review revealed 24 studies (sixteen case reports and eight case series) which comprised 84 patients. Isolated lip involvement was reported in 17 studies, and five articles with concomitant oral lichen planus, while two articles did not mention this criterion. Conclusions: Our study brings new data on isolated lichen planus of the lip that primarily affects the lower lip with predominance in male patients. It was reported worldwide in patients between 22 and 75 years old. Topical corticosteroids were the main treatment prescribed and they usually brought remission of the lesions. Lichen planus of the lip is a challenging diagnosis for oral health practitioner providers as well as for dermatologists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioanina Parlatescu
- Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.T.); (C.L.N.); (M.T.)
| | - Serban Tovaru
- Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.T.); (C.L.N.); (M.T.)
| | - Carmen Larisa Nicolae
- Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.T.); (C.L.N.); (M.T.)
| | - Mariana Costache
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Mihaela Tovaru
- Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.T.); (C.L.N.); (M.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ranganathan K, Kavitha L. Clinical aspects of oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders in South and Southeast Asia. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38817004 DOI: 10.1111/odi.15008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cancer and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMD) are major health problems in South and Southeast Asia. AIMS To describe and discuss the clinical aspects of Oral Cancer and OPMD in South and Southeast Asia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature review of concepts and data over the last four decades. DISCUSSION Asian countries account for about two-thirds of new cases of oral cancer (OC) globally, with the highest burden in the South and Southeast Asian countries, including Pakistan and India. Habits, dietary patterns, socioeconomic status, and access to routine dental care play a crucial role in defining the demographics and clinical presentation of OC in these regions and significantly influence the morbidity and mortality of the disease. This region sees the use of different types of tobacco with or without areca nut (AN), such as pan masala, gutka, gul, snuff, mawa, and mishri. Tobacco use is high among men in Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Maldives, Bangladesh, Nepal, India and Bhutan. Areca nut is the fourth most common addictive substance globally and is frequently used in South and Southeast Asian countries, including Southeast China, Hainan Island, India, Taiwan, and the Pacific Islands, and immigrants from these regions in Africa, Europe, and North America. The use of these products results in mucosal alterations with varied clinical presentation of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs) and OC. We discuss here the different types of OPMD and OC, the diagnostic aids and their relevance in clinical practice, and factors that influence their prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Ranganathan
- Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Affiliated to The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Loganathan Kavitha
- Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Affiliated to The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen JK, Kao WH, Huang PH, Tsao CK, Nee TE. Longitudinal outcomes of trismus release with free-flap reconstruction in primary and secondary oral submucous fibrosis-related trismus. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2024; 92:26-32. [PMID: 38489984 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral submucous fibrosis is a global health concern associated with betel quid use and results in trismus, which can be either primary or secondary in origin. Severe cases often require trismus release with free-flap reconstruction. This study examined longitudinal outcome trends following trismus release and compared the outcomes of patients with primary and secondary oral submucous fibrosis-related trismus. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study by including patients who underwent trismus release between 2013 and 2022. All procedures were performed by a single surgical team to ensure technique standardisation. We measured the maximum mouth opening, the interincisal distance, perioperatively and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12 months post-operatively. Data were analysed using generalised estimating equations. RESULTS A total of 35 patients were included in the study, 17 with primary and 18 with secondary oral submucous fibrosis-related trismus. Initially, patients with primary oral submucous fibrosis-related trismus had greater interincisal distance gains than those with secondary oral submucous fibrosis-related trismus (p = 0.015 and p = 0.025 at 3 and 4 months post-operatively, respectively). However, after 12 months, this initial advantage faded, with comparable interincisal distance improvements in patients with primary and secondary disease, despite the more complex surgical procedures required in secondary cases. CONCLUSION Surgeons should carefully consider the benefits of trismus release procedures for patients with secondary oral submucous fibrosis-related trismus by recognising the changes in post-operative outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyh-Kwei Chen
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taipei Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsiang Kao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; JC Science Corporation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Hsuan Huang
- Center for Big Data Analytics and Statistics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kan Tsao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzer-En Nee
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang N, Lin Y, Shen L, Song H, Huang W, Huang J, Chen F, Liu F, Wang J, Qiu Y, Shi B, Lin L, He B. Prognostic value of pretreatment lymphocyte percentage in oral cancer: A prospective cohort study. Oral Dis 2024; 30:2176-2187. [PMID: 37357359 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prognostic role of pretreatment lymphocyte percentage (LY%) for patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS A large-scale prospective cohort study between July 2002 and March 2021 was conducted. Propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis were performed to adjust for potential confounders. Using random survival forest (RSF), the relative importance of pretreatment LY% in prognosis prediction was also assessed. RESULTS A total of 743 patients were enrolled and followed up (median: 2.75 years, interquartile range: 1.25-4.42 years). A high pretreatment LY% was significantly associated with better disease-specific survival of patients with OSCC (Hazard ratio [HR] = 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.42, 0.84). The same tendency was observed in PSM (HR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.85) and IPTW analysis (HR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.40, 0.82). RSF showed that LY% ranked the fifth among importance ranking of all prognostic factors. CONCLUSION Pretreatment LY% showed a moderate predictive ability, suggesting it might be a valuable tool to predict prognosis for patients with OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Yulan Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Liling Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Haoyuan Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Weihai Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Jingyao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Fa Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Fengqiong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Laboratory Center, The Major Subject of Environment and Health of Fujian Key Universities, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lisong Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Baochang He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Varela CBDO, Medeiros CKS, Lima JGDC, da Silveira ÉJD, Oliveira PTD. 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine protein immunoexpression is associated with the pathogenesis of actinic cheilitis. An Bras Dermatol 2024; 99:433-436. [PMID: 38403556 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jabes Gennedyr da Cruz Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Éricka Janine Dantas da Silveira
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Teixeira de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu Z, Hu W, Shan Z, Liu S, Yao Z, Quan H. Evaluation of stromal myofibroblasts in oral submucous fibrosis and its malignant transformation: An immunohistochemical study. J Cancer Res Ther 2024; 20:706-711. [PMID: 38687943 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_498_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a precancerous lesion, with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) being the most prevalent malignancy affecting the oral mucosa. The malignant transformation of OSF into OSCC is estimated to occur in 7-13% of cases. Myofibroblasts (MFs) play pivotal roles in both physiological and pathological processes, such as wound healing and tumorigenesis, respectively. This study aimed to explore the involvement of MFs in the progression of OSF and its malignant transformation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 94 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were collected, including normal oral mucosa (NOM; n = 10), early-moderate OSF (EMOSF; n = 29), advanced OSF (AOSF; n = 29), paracancerous OSF (POSF; n = 21), and OSCC (n = 5) samples. Alpha-smooth muscle actin was used for the immunohistochemical identification of MFs. RESULTS NOM exhibited infrequent expression of MFs. A higher staining index of MFs was found in AOSF, followed by EMOSF and NOM. Additionally, a significant increase in the staining index of MFs was found from EMOSF to POSF and OSCC. The staining index of MFs in NOM, EMOSF, AOSF, POSF, and OSCC was 0.14 ± 0.2, 1.69 ± 1.4, 2.47 ± 1.2, 3.57 ± 2.6, and 8.86 ± 1.4, respectively. All results were statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The expression of MFs exhibited a gradual increase as the disease progressed from mild to malignant transformation, indicating the contributory role of MFs in the fibrogenesis and potential tumorigenesis associated with OSF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Liu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Yiyang Medical College, Yiyang, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenwu Hu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Yiyang Medical College, Yiyang, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhongyan Shan
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sixuan Liu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhigang Yao
- Department of Oral Pathology, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongzhi Quan
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pignatelli P, Curia MC, Tenore G, Bondi D, Piattelli A, Romeo U. Oral bacteriome and oral potentially malignant disorders: A systematic review of the associations. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 160:105891. [PMID: 38295615 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Periodontal bacteria can infiltrate the epithelium, activate signaling pathways, induce inflammation, and block natural killer and cytotoxic cells, all of which contribute to the vicious circle of carcinogenesis. It is unknown whether oral dysbiosis has an impact on the etiology or prognosis of OPMD. AIMS Within this paradigm, this work systemically investigated and reported on the composition of oral microbiota in patients with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) versus healthy controls. METHODS Observational studies that reported next generation sequencing analysis of oral tissue or salivary samples and found at least three bacterial species were included. Identification, screening, citation analysis, and graphical synthesis were carried out. RESULTS For oral lichen planus (OLP), the bacteria with the highest abundance were Fusobacterium, Capnocytophaga, Gemella, Granulicatella, Porphyromonas, and Rothia; for oral leukoplakia (OLK), Prevotella. Streptococci levels in OLK and OLP were lower. The usage of alcohol or smoke had no effect on the outcomes. CONCLUSIONS An increase in periodontal pathogenic bacteria could promote the development and exacerbation of lichen. Effective bacteriome-based biomarkers are worthy of further investigation and application, as are bacteriome-based treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Pignatelli
- COMDINAV DUE, Nave Cavour, Italian Navy, Stazione Navale Mar Grande, Viale Ionio, 74122 Taranto, Italy.
| | - Maria Cristina Curia
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tenore
- Department of Oral Sciences and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Danilo Bondi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- School of Dentistry, Saint Camillus International University for Health Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy; Facultad de Medicina, UCAM Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Umberto Romeo
- Department of Oral Sciences and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta, 00161 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Aamir R, Rauf F, Iqbal F, Yousuf S, Rehman A, Sheikh AK, Muhammad S. Immunohistochemical Expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2024; 32:157-162. [PMID: 38268382 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression has been implicated in several tumors and is associated with increased tumor advancement as well as a potential drug target. The objective of the study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of EGFR in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and their demographic and pathologic parameters. METHODS This study was a comparative cross-sectional analytical study. It was conducted at the Department of Pathology, Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan, from March 2021 to February 2022. The sample size was calculated through G Power. Thirty-eight cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma and 38 cases of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) were included in the study. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. χ 2 tests and Fisher exact tests were applied to compare categorical variables. RESULTS Mean age of OSCC was 61.6±13.9, with age range from 26 to 90 years. The male-to-female ratio for OSCC was 2.16:1. Buccal mucosa was the most common site involved (34.2%). The most common histologic type was well-differentiated OSCC (71.05%) followed by poorly differentiated (16%) and moderately differentiated (13.15%). The mean age of OPMDs cases was 59.16 ± 10.81 with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.2. Buccal mucosa was the common site (55.3%), followed by the tongue (18.4%). The OPMDs with dysplasia were 55.2%, and without dysplasia were 44.8%. A total of 55.7% of cases of OSCC showed positive EGFR expression as compared with 36.9% OPMDs cases. A higher number of low-grade OSCC cases showed increased EGFR positivity (59.3%) as compared with high grade (45.45%). EGFR positivity in OPMD cases without dysplasia was 41.2% as compared with cases with dysplasia (33.3%). The EGFR expression in OPMD cases was higher in the ≤50 age group ( P =0.001) and in females ( P =0.032), which was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS EGFR expression by Immunohistochemistry may not be a helpful prognostic marker to determine the risk of OPMDs progressing to higher grades of dysplasia or invasive cancer. However, further studies relating this tumor marker to stage, lymph node metastasis, hematogenous metastasis, survival outcomes, and treatment response may give useful information regarding the utility of this marker.
Collapse
|
11
|
Balakittnen J, Ekanayake Weeramange C, Wallace DF, Duijf PHG, Cristino AS, Hartel G, Barrero RA, Taheri T, Kenny L, Vasani S, Batstone M, Breik O, Punyadeera C. A novel saliva-based miRNA profile to diagnose and predict oral cancer. Int J Oral Sci 2024; 16:14. [PMID: 38368395 PMCID: PMC10874410 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00273-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer (OC) is the most common form of head and neck cancer. Despite the high incidence and unfavourable patient outcomes, currently, there are no biomarkers for the early detection of OC. This study aims to discover, develop, and validate a novel saliva-based microRNA signature for early diagnosis and prediction of OC risk in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) miRNA sequencing data and small RNA sequencing data of saliva samples were used to discover differentially expressed miRNAs. Identified miRNAs were validated in saliva samples of OC (n = 50), OPMD (n = 52), and controls (n = 60) using quantitative real-time PCR. Eight differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-7-5p, miR-10b-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-215-5p, miR-431-5p, miR-486-3p, miR-3614-5p, and miR-4707-3p) were identified in the discovery phase and were validated. The efficiency of our eight-miRNA signature to discriminate OC and controls was: area under curve (AUC): 0.954, sensitivity: 86%, specificity: 90%, positive predictive value (PPV): 87.8% and negative predictive value (NPV): 88.5% whereas between OC and OPMD was: AUC: 0.911, sensitivity: 90%, specificity: 82.7%, PPV: 74.2% and NPV: 89.6%. We have developed a risk probability score to predict the presence or risk of OC in OPMD patients. We established a salivary miRNA signature that can aid in diagnosing and predicting OC, revolutionising the management of patients with OPMD. Together, our results shed new light on the management of OC by salivary miRNAs to the clinical utility of using miRNAs derived from saliva samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaikrishna Balakittnen
- Saliva & Liquid Biopsy Translational Laboratory, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Jaffna, Jaffna, Sri Lanka
| | - Chameera Ekanayake Weeramange
- Saliva & Liquid Biopsy Translational Laboratory, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel F Wallace
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Pascal H G Duijf
- Centre for Cancer Biology, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia & SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexandre S Cristino
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Gunter Hartel
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Statistics Unit, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Roberto A Barrero
- eResearch, Research Infrastructure, Academic Division, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Touraj Taheri
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Liz Kenny
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Cancer Care Services, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Sarju Vasani
- Saliva & Liquid Biopsy Translational Laboratory, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Cancer Care Services, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Department of Otolaryngology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Martin Batstone
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Omar Breik
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Cancer Care Services, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Chamindie Punyadeera
- Saliva & Liquid Biopsy Translational Laboratory, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia.
- Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Viglianisi G, Polizzi A, Grippaudo C, Cocuzza S, Leonardi R, Isola G. Chemopreventive and Biological Strategies in the Management of Oral Potentially Malignant and Malignant Disorders. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:65. [PMID: 38247942 PMCID: PMC10813134 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represent a significant global health burden due to their potential for malignant transformation and the challenges associated with their diagnosis and treatment. Chemoprevention, an innovative approach aimed at halting or reversing the neoplastic process before full malignancy, has emerged as a promising avenue for mitigating the impact of OPMD and OSCC. The pivotal role of chemopreventive strategies is underscored by the need for effective interventions that go beyond traditional therapies. In this regard, chemopreventive agents offer a unique opportunity to intercept disease progression by targeting the molecular pathways implicated in carcinogenesis. Natural compounds, such as curcumin, green tea polyphenols, and resveratrol, exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties that could make them potential candidates for curtailing the transformation of OPMD to OSCC. Moreover, targeted therapies directed at specific molecular alterations hold promise in disrupting the signaling cascades driving OSCC growth. Immunomodulatory agents, like immune checkpoint inhibitors, are gaining attention for their potential to harness the body's immune response against early malignancies, thus impeding OSCC advancement. Additionally, nutritional interventions and topical formulations of chemopreventive agents offer localized strategies for preventing carcinogenesis in the oral cavity. The challenge lies in optimizing these strategies for efficacy, safety, and patient compliance. This review presents an up to date on the dynamic interplay between molecular insights, clinical interventions, and the broader goal of reducing the burden of oral malignancies. As research progresses, the synergy between early diagnosis, non-invasive biomarker identification, and chemopreventive therapy is poised to reshape the landscape of OPMD and OSCC management, offering a glimpse of a future where these diseases are no longer insurmountable challenges but rather preventable and manageable conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Viglianisi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 68, 95124 Catania, Italy; (G.V.); (A.P.); (R.L.); (G.I.)
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 68, 95124 Catania, Italy; (G.V.); (A.P.); (R.L.); (G.I.)
| | - Cristina Grippaudo
- Head and Neck Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cocuzza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia” ENT Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 68, 95124 Catania, Italy;
| | - Rosalia Leonardi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 68, 95124 Catania, Italy; (G.V.); (A.P.); (R.L.); (G.I.)
| | - Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 68, 95124 Catania, Italy; (G.V.); (A.P.); (R.L.); (G.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen XY, Zhou G, Zhang J. Optical coherence tomography: Promising imaging technique for the diagnosis of oral mucosal diseases. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38191786 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review aims to summarize the latest application of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in oral mucosal diseases, promoting an accurate and earlier diagnosis of such disorders, which are difficult to be differentiated. SUBJECTIVE AND METHODS References on the application of OCT in oral mucosal diseases were mainly obtained from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus databases, using the keywords: "optical coherence tomography and 'oral mucosa/oral cancers/oral potentially malignant diseases/oral lichen planus/oral leukoplakia/oral erythroplakia/discoid lupus erythematosus/oral autoimmune bullous diseases/oral ulcers/erythema multiforme/oral mucositis'". RESULTS It is found that OCT is showing a promising application potential in the early detection, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, monitoring of oral cancer and oral dysplastic lesions, as well as the delineation of tumor margins. OCT is also playing an increasingly important role in the diagnosis of oral potentially malignant disorders, oral mucosal bullous diseases, oral ulcerative diseases, erythema multiforme, and the early detection of oral mucositis. CONCLUSION Optical coherence tomography, as a novel optical technique featured by real-time, noninvasive, dynamic and high-resolution imaging, is of great use to serve as an adjunct tool for the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, monitoring and therapy evaluation of oral mucosal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Ya Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sripodok P, Saito H, Kouketsu A, Takahashi T, Kumamoto H. Immunoexpression of SIRT1, 6, and 7 in oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Odontology 2024; 112:221-229. [PMID: 37191889 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00816-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) are a family of proteins involved in the metabolic process responsible for extending the lifespan. The role of SIRT1, 6, and 7 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral leukoplakia (OLP), one of its precursors, is still elusive. In this study, 82 OLP and 77 OSCC were immunohistochemically examined for SIRT1, 6, and 7. Stained sections were thoroughly scanned and evaluated using a digital image analysis program. The SIRT1, 6, and 7 expressions were detected in the nuclei of epithelial and carcinoma cells in various degrees. Afterward, any correlations among SIRTs, including associations with clinicopathological features and the Kaplan-Meier curves were analyzed. OSCC demonstrated significantly higher SIRT1 expression than OLP, while non-dysplastic lesions showed significantly higher SIRT6 expression than other lesions. A strong correlation was observed between SIRT6 and 7 in OLP, SIRT1 and 6 in in OSCC and in SIRT6 and 7 when all lesion types were considered. There were no significant differences between SIRTs reactivity and the clinical features in OLP. For OSCC, SIRT1 and 6 was found to be directly associated with site of the lesion, while SIRT7 showed a direct relationship between gender, stromal lymphocytic infiltration, and depth of the invasion. OSCC with high SIRT7 expression revealed a slightly lower survival probability, although not statistically significant (p = 0.1019). Our findings suggest that SIRT1, 6, and 7 may play correlated and diverse roles in the development and advancement of OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pawat Sripodok
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Disease Management Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Haruka Saito
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Disease Management Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Atsumu Kouketsu
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Disease Management Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tetsu Takahashi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Disease Management Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kumamoto
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Disease Management Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fathima R, Ramamoorthi R, Gopalakrishnan S, Jayaseelan VP, Muniapillai S. Expression of salivary levels of S100A7 in oral submucous fibrosis and oral leukoplakia. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2024; 28:84-89. [PMID: 38800445 PMCID: PMC11126246 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_113_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of the study is to evaluate the expression of S100A7 levels in saliva of oral sub-mucous fibrosis, oral leukoplakia patients, and healthy control. Materials and Methods The study comprised of saliva samples from 15 patients each with clinically diagnosed oral sub-mucous fibrosis, oral leukoplakia, and healthy control. Salivary S100A7 levels were estimated using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. The significance level is fixed at 5% (α = 0.05). To compare the mean values of concentration between the disease group oral leukoplakia (OL) and oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and control, one-way analysis of variance was used followed by a post hoc test for multiple pairwise comparisons. Results The results of the study indicated a statistically significant increase in the salivary S100A7 level among the OSMF and OL when compared with the control group. When a pairwise comparison was done between OSMF with a control group and leukoplakia with a control group, a statistically significant difference was observed, subsequently while comparing OSMF with leukoplakia, and no statistically significant difference was observed. Conclusion Results from this study demonstrated increased S100A7 levels in OSMF and OL when compared with control group. This indicated that salivary S100A7 can be used as an adjunctive marker to identify patients at risk of progression into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Razwia Fathima
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Madha Dental College and Hospital, Kundrathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raghini Ramamoorthi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Madha Dental College and Hospital, Kundrathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivakumar Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Madha Dental College and Hospital, Kundrathur, and Research Scholar, Clinical Genetics Lab, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vijayashree P. Jayaseelan
- Associate Professor, Clinical Genetics Lab, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivakumar Muniapillai
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Madha Dental College and Hospital, Kundrathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Roza ALOC, Fonsêca TC, Mariz BALA, Penafort PVM, Martínez-Flores R, Marshall-Baburizza M, Niklander SE, Lopes MA, Torres SR, Agostini M, Abrahão AC, de Almeida OP, Vargas PA, Romañach MJ. Human Papillomavirus-Associated Oral Epithelial Dysplasia: Report of 5 Illustrative Cases from Latin America. Head Neck Pathol 2023; 17:921-931. [PMID: 37843735 PMCID: PMC10739682 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-023-01589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus-associated oral epithelial dysplasia (HPV-OED) is a distinct oral epithelial disorder characterized by viral cytopathic changes caused by transcriptionally active high-risk HPV. The aim of the present study was to report 5 additional cases from Latin America. METHODS Clinical data from five patients with HPV-OED were obtained from the archives of three oral pathology services from Brazil and Chile. All cases were submitted to morphological, p16 expression and in situ hybridization (ISH) for HPV analyses. RESULTS Four patients were male and one patient was female, with a mean age of 55.4 years. Four patients were HIV seropositive and two were smokers. Three cases affected the buccal mucosa and commissure, one of which had an additional plaque in the soft palate, and one case each occurred on the floor of mouth and lower labial mucosa. Most cases presented as well-demarcated white plaques with a verrucous surface. One case presented multiple lesions ranging from normal to white-colored slightly elevated plaques with a cobblestone surface. Peripheral mucosal pigmentation was observed in two cases. All five cases presented with the characteristic microscopic features of HPV-OED, including severe dysplasia with numerous karyorrhectic and apoptotic cells, full-thickness "block positivity" for p16 and high Ki-67 index (> 90%) sharply demarcated from the adjacent non-dysplastic epithelium. Wide-spectrum DNA ISH-HPV was positive in 4 cases. All patients were treated with conservative surgical excision with no signs of recurrence after a mean of 39-month follow-up. CONCLUSION This represents the first series of HPV-OED from Latin America; most cases presented as well-demarcated papillary white plaques affecting the buccal mucosa and commissure of HIV-positive middle-aged men, two of them exhibiting peripheral pigmentation caused by reactive melanocytes. The typical microscopic findings of HPV-OED were observed in all cases, which also showed strong p16 positivity in a continuous band through the full thickness of the epithelium and high Ki67.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thamyres Campos Fonsêca
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - René Martínez-Flores
- Unit of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Maureen Marshall-Baburizza
- Unit of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Sven Eric Niklander
- Unit of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Márcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Sandra Regina Torres
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Michelle Agostini
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aline Corrêa Abrahão
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Oslei Paes de Almeida
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Mário José Romañach
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro School of Dentistry (FO-UFRJ), Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Prédio do CCS Bloco K, 2° andar Sala 56. Ilha da Cidade Universitária 21.941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Öhman J, Zlotogorski-Hurvitz A, Dobriyan A, Reiter S, Vered M, Willberg J, Lajolo C, Siponen M. Oral erythroplakia and oral erythroplakia-like oral squamous cell carcinoma - what's the difference? BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:859. [PMID: 37957684 PMCID: PMC10644603 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03619-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral erythroplakia (OE) is a rare oral potentially malignant disorder, that has a high rate of malignant transformation. The definition of OE still lacks uniformity. In particular, lesions that look clinically like erythroplakias, but are histopathologically diagnosed as squamous cell carcinomas are still sometimes called erythroplakias. The purpose of this study is to present demographic and clinicopathologic features of a series of OEs and clinically oral erythroplakia -like squamous cell carcinomas (OELSCC), to study their differences and to discuss the definition of OE. METHODS A multicenter retrospective case series of OEs and OELSCCs. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. RESULTS 11 cases of OEs and 9 cases of OELSCCs were identified. The mean age of the OE patients was 71 years and 72.7% were female, while the mean age of the OELSCC patients was 69 years, and all were female. 9% of the OE and 22% of the OELSCC patients had smoked or were current smokers. 72.7% of the OEs and 55.5% of OELSCCs were uniformly red lesions. 63.6% of the OE and 22% of the OELSCC patients had a previous diagnosis of oral lichenoid disease (OLD). The malignant transformation rate of OE was 9% in a mean of 73 months. CONCLUSIONS OE and OELSCC may arise de novo or in association with OLD. Tobacco and alcohol use were not prevalent in the present cases. The clinical features of OEs and OELSCC are similar, but symptoms, uneven surface and ulceration may be more common in OELSCCs than in OEs. Clinical recognition of OE is important since it may mimic other, more innocuous red lesions of the oral mucosa. The diagnosis of OE requires biopsy and preferably an excision. Clarification of the definition of OE would aid in clinical diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Öhman
- Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 450, Gothenburg, 40530, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 5, Gothenburg, 41345, Sweden
| | - Ayelet Zlotogorski-Hurvitz
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Imaging, School of Dentistry, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Jabotinski St 39, Petah Tikva, 49100, Israel
| | - Alex Dobriyan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Derech Sheba 2, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, 52621, Israel
| | - Shoshana Reiter
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Imaging, School of Dentistry, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Marilena Vered
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Imaging, School of Dentistry, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Institute of Pathology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Derech Sheba 2, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, 52621, Israel
| | - Jaana Willberg
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, University of Turku, Turku, 20014, Finland
- Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, P.O. Box 52, Turku, 20521, Finland
| | - Carlo Lajolo
- Head and Neck Department, School of Dentistry, "Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, Rome, 00168, Italy
| | - Maria Siponen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, P.O. Box 1627, Kuopio, 70211, Finland.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases and Oral Health Teaching Clinic, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 1711, Kuopio, 70211, Finland.
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, Oulu, 90014, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Araújo ALD, Silva VMD, Moraes MC, de Amorim HA, Fonseca FP, Sant'Ana MSP, Mesquita RA, Mariz BALA, Pontes HAR, de Souza LL, Saldivia-Siracusa C, Khurram SA, Pearson AT, Martins MD, Lopes MA, Vargas PA, Kowalski LP, Santos-Silva AR. The use of deep learning state-of-the-art architectures for oral epithelial dysplasia grading: A comparative appraisal. J Oral Pathol Med 2023; 52:980-987. [PMID: 37712321 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysplasia grading systems for oral epithelial dysplasia are a source of disagreement among pathologists. Therefore, machine learning approaches are being developed to mitigate this issue. METHODS This cross-sectional study included a cohort of 82 patients with oral potentially malignant disorders and correspondent 98 hematoxylin and eosin-stained whole slide images with biopsied-proven dysplasia. All whole-slide images were manually annotated based on the binary system for oral epithelial dysplasia. The annotated regions of interest were segmented and fragmented into small patches and non-randomly sampled into training/validation and test subsets. The training/validation data were color augmented, resulting in a total of 81,786 patches for training. The held-out independent test set enrolled a total of 4,486 patches. Seven state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks were trained, validated, and tested with the same dataset. RESULTS The models presented a high learning rate, yet very low generalization potential. At the model development, VGG16 performed the best, but with massive overfitting. In the test set, VGG16 presented the best accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (62%, 62%, 66%, and 65%, respectively), associated with the higher loss among all Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) tested. EfficientB0 has comparable metrics and the lowest loss among all convolutional neural networks, being a great candidate for further studies. CONCLUSION The models were not able to generalize enough to be applied in real-life datasets due to an overlapping of features between the two classes (i.e., high risk and low risk of malignization).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Luíza Damaceno Araújo
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Viviane Mariano da Silva
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Matheus Cardoso Moraes
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Henrique Alves de Amorim
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Felipe Paiva Fonseca
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria Sissa Pereira Sant'Ana
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Alves Mesquita
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Bruno Augusto Linhares Almeida Mariz
- Serviço de Odontologia, Hospital Vila Nova Star, Rede D'Or, São Paulo, Brazil
- Serviço de Medicina Bucal, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hélder Antônio Rebelo Pontes
- Service of Oral Pathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Lucas Lacerda de Souza
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, Brazil
- Service of Oral Pathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Syed Ali Khurram
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alexander T Pearson
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
- Head and Neck Surgery Department and LIM 28, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Angjelova A, Jovanova E, Polizzi A, Santonocito S, Lo Giudice A, Isola G. The Potential of Nano-Based Photodynamic Treatment as a Therapy against Oral Leukoplakia: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6819. [PMID: 37959284 PMCID: PMC10649116 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12216819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral leukoplakia is a predominantly white lesion of the oral mucosa that cannot be classified as any other definable lesion with the risk of progressing into malignancy. Despite the advancements in conventional therapy, the rates of malignant transformation remain notably high, affecting 4.11% of adults, due to the difficulty of accurate diagnosis and indistinct treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), being a minimally invasive surgical intervention, employs a variety of factors, including light, nano-photosensitizers (PSs) and oxygen in the management of precancerous lesions. PDT faces limitations in administering photosensitizers (PSs) because of their low water solubility. However, these challenges could be effectively resolved through the incorporation of PSs in nanostructured drug delivery systems, such as gold nanoparticles, micelles, liposomes, metal nanoparticles, dendrimers and quantum dots. This review will give an overview of the different innovative PS approaches in the management of premalignant lesions, highlighting the most recent advancements. From a clinical perspective, it is expected that nanotechnology will overcome barriers faced by traditional therapeutics and will address critical gaps in clinical cancer care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Angjelova
- University Dental Clinical Center St. Pantelejmon, Skopje, Faculty of Dentistry, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia; (A.A.); (E.J.)
| | - Elena Jovanova
- University Dental Clinical Center St. Pantelejmon, Skopje, Faculty of Dentistry, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia; (A.A.); (E.J.)
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (A.L.G.); (G.I.)
| | - Simona Santonocito
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (A.L.G.); (G.I.)
| | - Antonino Lo Giudice
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (A.L.G.); (G.I.)
| | - Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (A.L.G.); (G.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tan Y, Wang Z, Xu M, Li B, Huang Z, Qin S, Nice EC, Tang J, Huang C. Oral squamous cell carcinomas: state of the field and emerging directions. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:44. [PMID: 37736748 PMCID: PMC10517027 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00249-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) develops on the mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity. It accounts for approximately 90% of oral malignancies and impairs appearance, pronunciation, swallowing, and flavor perception. In 2020, 377,713 OSCC cases were reported globally. According to the Global Cancer Observatory (GCO), the incidence of OSCC will rise by approximately 40% by 2040, accompanied by a growth in mortality. Persistent exposure to various risk factors, including tobacco, alcohol, betel quid (BQ), and human papillomavirus (HPV), will lead to the development of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), which are oral mucosal lesions with an increased risk of developing into OSCC. Complex and multifactorial, the oncogenesis process involves genetic alteration, epigenetic modification, and a dysregulated tumor microenvironment. Although various therapeutic interventions, such as chemotherapy, radiation, immunotherapy, and nanomedicine, have been proposed to prevent or treat OSCC and OPMDs, understanding the mechanism of malignancies will facilitate the identification of therapeutic and prognostic factors, thereby improving the efficacy of treatment for OSCC patients. This review summarizes the mechanisms involved in OSCC. Moreover, the current therapeutic interventions and prognostic methods for OSCC and OPMDs are discussed to facilitate comprehension and provide several prospective outlooks for the fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunhan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengtong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Menditti D, Santagata M, Imola G, Staglianò S, Vitagliano R, Boschetti CE, Inchingolo AM. Personalized Medicine in Oral Oncology: Imaging Methods and Biological Markers to Support Diagnosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC): A Narrative Literature Review. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1397. [PMID: 37763165 PMCID: PMC10532745 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13091397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
For decades, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been one of the most prevalent and mortal cancers worldwide. The gold standard for OSCC diagnosis is still histopathology but this narrative multidisciplinary review has the aim to explore the literature about conventional OSCC prognostic indicators related to the pTNM stage at the diagnosis such as the depth of invasion and the lymphovascular invasion associated with distant metastasis as indicators of poor life expectancy. Despite its multifactorial nature and recognizable precursors, its diagnosis at the early stages is still challenging. We wanted to highlight the importance of the screening as a primary weapon that a stomatologist should consider, intercepting all at-risk conditions and lesions associated with OSCC and its early stages. This narrative review also overviews the most promising imaging techniques, such as CT, MRI, and US-echography, and their application related to clinical and surgical practice, but also the most-investigated prognostic and diagnostic tissue and salivary biomarkers helpful in OSCC diagnosis and prognostic assessment. Our work highlighted remarkable potential biomarkers that could have a leading role in the future. However, we are still far from defining an appropriate and concrete protocol to apply in clinical practice. The hope is that the present and future research will overcome these limitations to benefit patients, clinicians, and welfare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dardo Menditti
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (M.S.); (G.I.); (S.S.); (C.E.B.)
| | - Mario Santagata
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (M.S.); (G.I.); (S.S.); (C.E.B.)
| | - Gianmaria Imola
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (M.S.); (G.I.); (S.S.); (C.E.B.)
| | - Samuel Staglianò
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (M.S.); (G.I.); (S.S.); (C.E.B.)
| | - Rita Vitagliano
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (M.S.); (G.I.); (S.S.); (C.E.B.)
| | - Ciro Emiliano Boschetti
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (M.S.); (G.I.); (S.S.); (C.E.B.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang C, Li B, Zeng X, Hu X, Hua H. The global prevalence of oral leukoplakia: a systematic review and meta-analysis from 1996 to 2022. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:645. [PMID: 37670255 PMCID: PMC10481497 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03342-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral leukoplakia(OLK) is a common oral potentially malignant disorder. The global prevalence of solely OLK was published in 2003, while the prevalence varied among different studies. In recent years, large-scale summary and definition-related analyses obtain insufficient attention. This study aimed to perform a systematic review of prevalence studies of oral leukoplakia and assess predisposing factors of its occurrence. METHODS The search terms ("Oral leukoplakia" OR OLK OR leukoplakia) AND (prevalence OR incidence OR epidemiology) were searched in databases (Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science) for OLK studies published from January 1996 until December 2022. The estimated prevalence calculation and risk of bias analysis used STATA 16.0. RESULTS We obtained 69 studies, including 1,263,028 participants, from 28 countries, and 6 continents. The prevalence was 1.39%, varying from 0.12 to 33.33%. The overall pooled estimated prevalence of OLK was 2.23% for population-based studies, 1.36% for clinic-based population studies, and 9.10% for specific populations. The pooled prevalence in different continents ranged from 0.33 to 11.74% with a statistical difference in the population-based calculation. The estimated prevalence of OLK was higher in males than in females. Those who smoked and consumed alcohol had a higher prevalence than those who did not. CONCLUSION Combining data from 69 published studies, the prevalence of OLK was determined as 1.39% and the pooling estimated global prevalence was 3.41%. The prevalence was relatively consistent and stable across different continents and different definitions. A higher pooled estimated prevalence was found among males, those aged over 60 years old, smokers, and alcohol consumers. The results from the included studies in this systematic review revealed that the prevalence was relatively consistent and stable across various definitions and continents, which may help in developing global treatment and prevention strategies for oral leukoplakia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Zhang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for DentalMaterials, Haidian District, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjie Li
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for DentalMaterials, Haidian District, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiamei Zeng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - XiaoSheng Hu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for DentalMaterials, Haidian District, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Hua
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for DentalMaterials, Haidian District, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Araújo ALD, de Souza ESC, Faustino ISP, Saldivia-Siracusa C, Brito-Sarracino T, Lopes MA, Vargas PA, Pearson AT, Kowalski LP, de Carvalho ACPDLF, Santos-Silva AR. Clinicians' perception of oral potentially malignant disorders: a pitfall for image annotation in supervised learning. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2023; 136:315-321. [PMID: 37037738 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aims to quantify clinicians' perceptions of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) when evaluating, classifying, and manually annotating clinical images, as well as to understand the source of inter-observer variability when assessing these lesions. The hypothesis was that different interpretations could affect the quality of the annotations used to train a Supervised Learning model. STUDY DESIGN Forty-six clinical images from 37 patients were reviewed, classified, and manually annotated at the pixel level by 3 labelers. We compared the inter-examiner assessment based on clinical criteria through the κ statistics (Fleiss's kappa). The segmentations were also compared using the mean pixel-wise intersection over union (IoU). RESULTS The inter-observer agreement for homogeneous/non-homogeneous criteria was substantial (κ = 63, 95% CI: 0.47-0.80). For the subclassification of non-homogeneous lesions, the inter-observer agreement was moderate (κ = 43, 95% CI: 0.34-0.53) (P < .001). The mean IoU of 0.53 (±0.22) was considered low. CONCLUSION The subjective clinical assessment (based on human visual observation, variable criteria that have suffered adjustments over the years, different educational backgrounds, and personal experience) may explain the source of inter-observer discordance for the classification and annotation of OPMD. Therefore, there is a strong probability of transferring the subjectivity of human analysis to artificial intelligence models. The use of large data sets and segmentation based on the union of all labelers' annotations holds the potential to overcome this limitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Luíza Damaceno Araújo
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Head and Neck Surgery Department, University of São Paulo Medical School (UFMUSP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cristina Saldivia-Siracusa
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tamires Brito-Sarracino
- Institute of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, University of São Paulo (ICMC-USP), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexander T Pearson
- Section of Hemathology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Head and Neck Surgery Department and LIM 28, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Carneiro MC, Quenta-Huayhua MG, Peralta-Mamani M, Honório HM, Santos PSDS, Rubira-Bullen IRF, Rubira CMF. Clinicopathological Analysis of Actinic Cheilitis: A Systematic Review with Meta-analyses. Head Neck Pathol 2023; 17:708-721. [PMID: 36892803 PMCID: PMC10514011 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-023-01543-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review aimed to conduct a complete investigation of the demographic aspects, clinicopathological features, degrees of epithelial dysplasia, and malignant transformation rate of actinic cheilitis. METHODS The study was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42020201254). A search without year and language restrictions was performed using PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Virtual Health Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and gray literature. Studies that provided information on patients with actinic cheilitis were included, excluding those with general information on other diseases or other types of cheilitis. Risk of bias was explored using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. Narrative and quantitative data syntheses were performed using meta-analyses and subgroup analyses. Association tests were also performed. RESULTS Thirteen studies (728 patients) were included. The most prevalent clinical signs were dryness (99%), blurred demarcation between the lip vermilion and skin (82%), scaling (69%), and atrophy (69%). Regarding epithelial dysplasia, a prevalence of mild dysplasia (34.2%), followed by moderate (27.5%), and severe (14.9%). The malignant transformation rate was 14%. Crusts, ulcerations, and erythematous areas were associated with lip carcinoma (p < 0.001), and scaling was associated with actinic cheilitis (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed several features of actinic cheilitis, providing an overview of the disease. It is suggested that new studies help develop policy guides for the standardization of clinical criteria, enabling more rigorous and homogeneous analysis of actinic cheilitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mailon Cury Carneiro
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology, and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Milenka Gabriela Quenta-Huayhua
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology, and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Mariela Peralta-Mamani
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology, and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Heitor Marques Honório
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics, and Collective Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology, and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Izabel Regina Fischer Rubira-Bullen
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology, and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Cássia Maria Fischer Rubira
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology, and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Obermeier KT, Wuersching SN, Liokatis P, Smolka W, Poxleitner P, Kleye C, Ehrenfeld M, Kollmuss M, Otto S. Metastases of OSCC Based on Oral Lichen Ruber Planus. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4092. [PMID: 37627120 PMCID: PMC10452896 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen ruber planus (OLP) is a poorly understood chronically inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa. Malignant transformation into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is reported in between 1-2% of cases in the literature. After malignant transformation, surgical treatment-meaning tumor resection combined with neck dissection-is recommended. The recommended extent of treatment is controversial in the literature because this kind of OSCC is often a highly differentiated tumor with a lower risk for lymph nodal spreading. This study aims to overview 103 patients treated in our department due to OLP. The primary outcome parameter was the development of metastases in OLP patients compared to a group of OSCC patients without OLP and the comparison of survival in between both groups. Statistical analysis showed a significantly lower risk for patients with OSCC and with OLP for lymph nodal spreading (p = 0.013). Patients with OSCC and without OLP had a 4.76-higher risk for lymph nodal spreading. On the other hand, second metachronous tumor occurred more often in patients with OSCC and OLP. Overall, OSCC based on OLP occurs more often in female patients, is more highly differentiated and comes with a lower risk for metastases but has a higher risk for second metachronous tumors. Therefore, special attention should be paid to patients with OSCC based on OLP when planning adjuvant therapy and clinical follow-up. The indication for postoperative radiation should be made cautiously in this case, and clinical controls should be performed more closely due to the risk of recurrent disease or tumors at different locations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Theresa Obermeier
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (W.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Sabina Noreen Wuersching
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany; (S.N.W.)
| | - Paris Liokatis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (W.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Wenko Smolka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (W.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Philipp Poxleitner
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (W.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Christin Kleye
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (W.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Michael Ehrenfeld
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (W.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Maximilian Kollmuss
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany; (S.N.W.)
| | - Sven Otto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (W.S.); (P.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Márquez A, Mujica I, Jordan N, Baez P, Tarquinio S, Nunes J, Adorno D, Martínez B, Morales-Pison S, Fernandez-Ramires R. Genome sequencing reveals molecular subgroups in oral epithelial dysplasia. Braz Oral Res 2023; 37:e063. [PMID: 37341234 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the molecular characteristics of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED), highlighting the pathways and variants of genes that are frequently mutated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and other cancers. Ten archival OED cases were retrieved for retrospective clinicopathological analysis and exome sequencing. Comparative genomic analysis was performed between high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and low-grade dysplasia (LGD), focusing on 57 well-known cancer genes, of which 10 were previously described as the most mutated in OSCC. HGD cases had significantly more variants; however, a similar mutational landscape to OSCC was observed in both groups. CASP8+FAT1/HRAS, TP53, and miscellaneous molecular signatures were also present. FAT1 is the gene that is most affected by pathogenic variants. Hierarchical divisive clustering showed division between the two groups: "HGD-like cluster" with 4HGD and 2LGD and "LGD-like cluster" with 4 LGD. MLL4 pathogenic variants were exclusively in the "LGD-like cluster". TP53 was affected in one case of HGD; however, its pathway was usually altered. We describe new insights into the genetic basis of epithelial malignant transformation by genomic analysis, highlighting those associated with FAT1 and TP53. Some LGDs presented a similar mutational landscape to HGD after cluster analysis. Perhaps molecular alterations have not yet been reflected in histomorphology. The relative risk of malignant transformation in this molecular subgroup should be addressed in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Isidora Mujica
- Universidad de Los Andes, Faculty of Dentistry, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia Jordan
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Faculty of Science, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Baez
- Universidad de Chile, Faculty of Science, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sandra Tarquinio
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, School of Dentistry, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Jean Nunes
- Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, School of Dentistry, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Daniela Adorno
- Universidad de Chile, Faculty of Dentistry, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jing F, Zhu L, Bai J, Cai X, Zhou X, Zhang J, Zhang H, Li T. Molecular mechanisms underlying the epigallocatechin-3-gallate-mediated inhibition of oral squamous cell carcinogenesis. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 153:105740. [PMID: 37354753 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To reveal the mechanisms underlying the epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)-mediated inhibition of carcinogenesis and the related regulatory signaling pathways. DESIGN The effect of EGCG on the proliferation of OSCC cells was examined. SuperPred, ChEMBL, Swiss TargetPrediction, DisGeNET, GeneCards, and National Center for Biotechnology Information databases were used to predict the EGCG target genes and oral leukoplakia (OL)-related, oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF)-related, and OSCC-related genes. The binding of EGCG to the target proteins was simulated using AutoDock and PyMOL. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was subjected to consensus clustering analysis to predict the downstream molecules associated with these targets, as well as their potential functions and pathways. RESULTS EGCG significantly inhibited OSCC cell proliferation (p < 0.001). By comparing EGCG target genes with genes linked to oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD) and OSCC, a total of eleven potential EGCG target genes were identified. Furthermore, EGCG has the capacity to bind to eleven proteins. Based on consensus clustering and enrichment analysis, it is suggested that EGCG may hinder the progression of cancer by altering the cell cycle and invasive properties in precancerous lesions of the oral cavity. Some possible strategies for modifying the cell cycle and invasive properties may include EGCG-mediated suppression of specific genes and proteins, which are associated with cancer development. CONCLUSIONS This study investigated the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways associated with the EGCG-induced suppression of OSCC. The identification of specific pharmacological targets of EGCG during carcinogenesis is crucial for the development of innovative combination therapies involving EGCG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengyang Jing
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China; Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lijing Zhu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China; Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiaying Bai
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinjia Cai
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China; Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China; Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China; Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Heyu Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China; Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Tiejun Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China; Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kim MJ, Kho HS. Changes in the lesion surface suggesting transformation of oral potentially malignant disorders to malignancy - a report of eight cases. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:268. [PMID: 37161457 PMCID: PMC10170730 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02960-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the case of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), the possibility of malignant transformation of the lesion necessitates a decision on the need for an additional biopsy at each visit. Among many clinical characteristics, change on the lesion surface is one of the important factors that determine the need for additional biopsy at each visit. The purpose of the study was to provide information on the characteristics of lesions related to malignant transformation during the follow-up period of OPMD. METHODS Eight patients (four men and four women) with OPMD that transformed into malignancy during long-term follow-up were included and their mean age was 65.8 ± 12.4 years. Clinical information and histopathological diagnosis were investigated at the initial visit and during the long-term follow-up period. The focus was on information on changes on the lesion surface at the time the lesion was confirmed to be malignant. The period from initial diagnosis to dysplasia and from dysplasia to malignancy was also investigated. RESULTS The OPMD diagnoses were oral lichen planus or oral lichenoid lesions (n = 2), oral leukoplakia (n = 5), and hyperplastic candidiasis (n = 1). During the follow-up period of the lesions, when dysplasia was obtained by additional biopsy, changes in the lesions consisted of an increase in the size of the white or red area. The lesion surface of the OPMD showed verrucous, papillary, exophytic, corrugated, and ulcerative changes at the time of malignancy diagnosis. The period for the initial lesion to become dysplasia, from dysplasia to malignancy, and from the initial lesion to malignancy was very variable. CONCLUSIONS Attention should be paid to verrucous, papillary, exophytic, corrugated, and ulcerative changes on the lesion surface of OPMD. Considering that the period for OPMD to become malignant is highly variable, a longer follow-up of the lesion is necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Jong Kim
- Department of Oral Medicine, Gwanak Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong-Seop Kho
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Institute on Ageing, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Pankam J, Lapthanasupkul P, Kitkumthorn N, Rungraungrayabkul D, Klongnoi B, Piboonniyom Khovidhunkit SO. Analysis of Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2023; 13:221-228. [PMID: 37564166 PMCID: PMC10411295 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_235_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives The primary objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral cancer (OC) in a group of Thais using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Epstein-Barr encoding regions (EBERs) in situ hybridization (ISH). The secondary objective is to investigate the risk factors of OC and the association between the presence of EBV and risk factors of OC/site of oral lesions. Materials and Methods Sixty-one participants attending the screening project for OC and OPMDs at the Northeastern district hospitals of Thailand were recruited. Information related to risk factors and biopsy tissues for histopathological diagnosis was collected. Sixty-seven paraffin tissue blocks, including 52 OPMDs and 15 OC specimens, were investigated for EBV infection, using PCR analysis with latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) primer and EBERs ISH. Pearson's Chi-square or Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the differences in variables between participants with OPMDs and OC, as appropriate. The association between EBV infection and related risk factors was analyzed using logistic regression with a significant level at 0.05. Results Using PCR analysis, 8 of 67 specimens (11.94%) were positive for LMP-1. Three cases of OPMDs were positive for both LMP-1 PCR and EBERs ISH. Regarding risk factors of OC, the two most common risk factors were betel nut chewing (52.46%) and working in sunlight (42.62%). The habit of taking alcohol was significantly different between the OC and the OPMDs groups (p = 0.009). The association between LMP-1 and the lesion at the tongue was statistically significant, with odds ratio = 4.900 (95% confidence interval = 1.046-22.943; p = 0.044). Conclusions The prevalence of EBV infection in this group of participants was low. However, OPMDs at the tongue exhibited a significant association with EBV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jintana Pankam
- Development of Disease Management Model for Oral Cancer with an Integration Network of Screening, Surveillance, and Treatment from Primary Care Unit to Tertiary Care in Nakhon Ratchasima Province Project, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Puangwan Lapthanasupkul
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Kitkumthorn
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Boworn Klongnoi
- Development of Disease Management Model for Oral Cancer with an Integration Network of Screening, Surveillance, and Treatment from Primary Care Unit to Tertiary Care in Nakhon Ratchasima Province Project, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Siribang-on Piboonniyom Khovidhunkit
- Development of Disease Management Model for Oral Cancer with an Integration Network of Screening, Surveillance, and Treatment from Primary Care Unit to Tertiary Care in Nakhon Ratchasima Province Project, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Advanced General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li Q, Wang F, Shi Y, Zhong L, Duan S, Kuang W, Liu N, Luo E, Zhou Y, Jiang L, Dan H, Luo X, Zhang D, Chen Q, Zeng X, Li T. Single-cell immune profiling reveals immune responses in oral lichen planus. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1182732. [PMID: 37090715 PMCID: PMC10116058 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1182732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionOral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic inflammatory disorder of the oral mucosa with an unclear etiology. Several types of immune cells are involved in the pathogenesis of OLP.MethodsWe used single-cell RNA sequencing and immune repertoire sequencing to characterize the mucosal immune microenvironment of OLP. The presence of tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells are validated by multiplex immunofluorescence.ResultsWe generated a transcriptome atlas from four OLP biopsy samples and their paired peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and compared them with two healthy tissues and three healthy PBMCs samples. Our analysis revealed activated tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells in OLP tissues. T cell receptor repertoires displayed apperant clonal expansion and preferrential gene pairing in OLP patients. Additionally, obvious BCR clonal expansion was observed in OLP lesions. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells, a subtype that can promote dendritic cell maturation and enhance lymphocyte cytotoxicity, were identified in OLP. Conventional dendritic cells and macrophages are also found to exhibit pro-inflammatory activity in OLP. Cell-cell communication analysis reveals that fibroblasts might promote the recruitment and extravasation of immune cells into connective tissue.DiscussionOur study provides insights into the immune ecosystem of OLP, serving as a valuable resource for precision diagnosis and therapy of OLP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qionghua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yujie Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shumin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjing Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - En Luo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongxia Dan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobo Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dunfang Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Taiwen Li, ; Xin Zeng,
| | - Taiwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Taiwen Li, ; Xin Zeng,
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jayachnadran S, Prakasarao A, Ramamoorthy S, Manoharan Y. Significance of Fluorescent Spectroscopy in Screening Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer by Characterization of Salivary DNA Using Ethidium Bromide-A Comparative Study. South Asian J Cancer 2023; 12:159-165. [PMID: 37969684 PMCID: PMC10635769 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1750186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sangeetha RamamoorthyBackground Optical diagnosis is one of the upcoming methods in screening and diagnosing oral cancer at the earlier stage. Currently, DNA-based diagnosis is used along with light-based imaging methods to diagnose oral cancer rapidly. Aim The aim of this study was to discriminate oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders from normal patient with fluorescence spectroscopic characterization of salivary DNA using ethidium bromide dye. Materials and Methods A total of 40 patients with average age of 20 to 60 years in both the genders were selected and divided into three groups. Group A included clinically proven cases of oral cancer, group B1 included clinically diagnosed cases of leukoplakia, group B2 included clinically diagnosed cases of oral submucous fibrosis, and group C included controls. Salivary DNA fluorescence spectrum obtained after adding ethidium bromide was analyzed using FluoroLog spectrophotometer at 480 nm wavelength. Results The discriminant analysis of fluorescent emission of salivary DNA shows predictive accuracy of 90% between group C and group A, 95% between group C and group B1, and 65% observed between group C and group B2. Conclusion From this study, screening of oral cancer can be done at the earliest with the help of fluorescence spectroscopic characterization of salivary DNA. This method can be done rapidly and noninvasively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadaksharam Jayachnadran
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Tamil Nadu Government Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aruna Prakasarao
- Department of Medical Physics, College of Engineering Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sangeetha Ramamoorthy
- Department of Dental Surgery, Government Hospital, Valangaiman, Thiruvarur District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yuvaraj Manoharan
- Department of Medical Physics, College of Engineering Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biochemistry, SRM Arts and Science College, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Clare P, Al-Fatyan F, Risheh B, Nellany K, Ward FJ, Abu-Eid R. A Novel Role for the Soluble Isoform of CTLA-4 in Normal, Dysplastic and Neoplastic Oral and Oropharyngeal Epithelia. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061696. [PMID: 36980582 PMCID: PMC10046002 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) has a high mortality rate, with late diagnosis remaining the most important factor affecting patient survival. Therefore, it is imperative to identify markers that aid in early detection and prediction of disease progression. HNCs evade the immune system by different mechanisms, including immune checkpoints. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4) is an immune checkpoint receptor that downregulates anti-tumour immune responses, with evidence of involvement in HNC. The less studied, alternatively spliced, soluble isoform (sCTLA-4) also plays an immunosuppressive role that contributes to immune escape. We quantified sCTLA-4 in normal, potentially malignant, and malignant oral and oropharyngeal tissues to elucidate any role in tumourigenesis and identify its potential as a biomarker for diagnosis and patient stratification. Methods: Normal, low- and high-grade epithelial dysplasia, and squamous cell carcinoma oral and oropharyngeal biopsies were selectively stained for sCTLA-4 and quantified using the image analysis software QuPath. Results: Distinct sCTLA-4 staining patterns were observed, in which normal epithelial sCTLA-4 expression correlated with keratinocyte differentiation, while disrupted expression, both in intensity and localisation, was observed in dysplastic and neoplastic tissues. Conclusions: Our data indicate an additional, previously unknown role for sCTLA-4 in epithelial cell differentiation and proliferation. Furthermore, our findings suggest the potential of sCTLA-4 as a biomarker for predicting disease progression and patient stratification for targeted HNC therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prarthna Clare
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZR, UK
| | - Farah Al-Fatyan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZR, UK
| | - Badri Risheh
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZR, UK
| | - Kristine Nellany
- NHS Grampian Biorepository, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, UK
| | - Frank James Ward
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZR, UK
- Aberdeen Cancer Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZR, UK
- Correspondence: (F.J.W.); (R.A.-E.); Tel.: +44-122-443-7358 (F.J.W.); +44-122-455-5155 or +44-122-443-7351 (R.A.-E.)
| | - Rasha Abu-Eid
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZR, UK
- Aberdeen Cancer Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZR, UK
- Correspondence: (F.J.W.); (R.A.-E.); Tel.: +44-122-443-7358 (F.J.W.); +44-122-455-5155 or +44-122-443-7351 (R.A.-E.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang N, Lin Y, Chen F, Liu F, Wang J, Gao B, Qiu Y, Lin L, Shi B, He B. Utility of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to lymphocyte count ratio in predicting prognosis of patients with oral cancer: A prospective cohort study in Southeastern China. Head Neck 2023; 45:1172-1183. [PMID: 36880834 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the prognostic role of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to lymphocyte count ratio (GLR) and develop a prognostic nomogram for patients with oral cancer. METHODS A prospective cohort (n = 1011) was conducted during July 2002 to March 2021 in Southeastern China. RESULTS The median follow-up time was 3.5 years. Multivariate Cox regression (OS: HR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.18) and Fine-Gray model (DSS: HR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.14, 2.49) both showed that high GLR could act as an indicator of poor prognosis. A nonlinear dose-response relationship was observed between continuous GLR and the risk of all-cause mortality (p for overall = 0.028, p for nonlinear = 0.048). Compare with TNM stage, time-dependent ROC curve proved that GLR-based nomogram model performs better in predicting prognosis (the area under curve for 1-, 3-, and 5-years mortality: 0.63, 0.65, and 0.64 vs. 0.76, 0.77, and 0.78, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION GLR might be a useful tool in predicting prognosis for patients with oral cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Yulan Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Fa Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Fengqiong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Laboratory Center, The Major Subject of Environment and Health of Fujian Key Universities, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Bingju Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lisong Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Baochang He
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang C, Wang Q, Weng Z. LINC00664/miR-411-5p/KLF9 feedback loop contributes to the human oral squamous cell carcinoma progression. Oral Dis 2023; 29:672-685. [PMID: 34582069 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most aggressive head and neck cancers with high incidence. Multiple studies have revealed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play pivotal roles in tumorigenesis. However, the role of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 664 (LINC00664) on the progression of OSCC was still unclear. SUBJECTS AND METHODS In this study, the expression of LINC00664 in OSCC tissues and cell lines was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The functional role of LINC0664 was estimated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), transwell assays, Western blot in vitro, and xenograft tumor model in vivo. The regulatory mechanism was investigated by RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS LINC00664 was found to be upregulated in OSCC tissues and cell lines and was associated with poor prognosis of OSCC patients. LINC00664 knockdown suppressed OSCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, Kruppel like factor 9 (KLF9) enhanced LINC00664 expression at transcription level. Interestingly, LINC00664 upregulated KLF9 expression by sponging miR-411-5p. In addition, knockdown of LINC00664 restrained tumor growth of OSCC in vivo. CONCLUSION Our study identified the oncogenic roles of LINC00664 in OSCC tumorigenesis and EMT via KLF9/LINC00664/miR-411-5p/KLF9 feedback loop, which provides new perspectives of the potential therapeutic target for OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qinglian Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zuquan Weng
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhang T, Kutler D, Scognamiglio T, Gudas LJ, Tang XH. Transcriptomic analysis predicts the risk of progression of premalignant lesions in human tongue. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:24. [PMID: 36820942 PMCID: PMC9950315 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00629-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The 5-year survival rate for patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), including tongue SCC, has not significantly improved over the last several decades. Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), including oral dysplasias, are oral epithelial disorders that can develop into oral SCCs. To identify molecular characteristics that might predict conversion of OPMDs to SCCs and guide treatment plans, we performed global transcriptomic analysis of human tongue OPMD (n = 9) and tongue SCC (n = 11) samples with paired normal margin tissue from patients treated at Weill Cornell Medicine. Compared to margin tissue, SCCs showed more transcript changes than OPMDs. OPMDs and SCCs shared some altered transcripts, but these changes were generally greater in SCCs than OPMDs. Both OPMDs and SCCs showed altered signaling pathways related to cell migration, basement membrane disruption, and metastasis. We suggest that OPMDs are on the path toward malignant transformation. Based on patterns of gene expression, both OPMD and tongue SCC samples can be categorized into subclasses (mesenchymal, classical, basal, and atypical) similar to those seen in human head and neck SCC (HNSCC). These subclasses of OPMDs have the potential to be used to stratify patient prognoses and therapeutic options for tongue OPMDs. Lastly, we identified a gene set (ELF5; RPTN; IGSF10; CRMP1; HTR3A) whose transcript changes have the power to classify OPMDs and SCCs and developed a Firth logistic regression model using the changes in these transcripts relative to paired normal tissue to validate pathological diagnosis and potentially predict the likelihood of an OPMD developing into SCC, as data sets become available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Zhang
- Genomics Resources Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - David Kutler
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery in the Department of Otolaryngology at New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Theresa Scognamiglio
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Lorraine J Gudas
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Xiao-Han Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Label-Free Proteomics of Oral Mucosa Tissue to Identify Potential Biomarkers That Can Flag Predilection of Precancerous Lesions to Oral Cell Carcinoma: A Preliminary Study. DISEASE MARKERS 2023; 2023:1329061. [PMID: 36776920 PMCID: PMC9908334 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1329061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinomas are mostly preceded by precancerous lesions such as leukoplakia and erythroplakia. Our study is aimed at identifying potential biomarker proteins in precancerous lesions of leukoplakia and erythroplakia that can flag their transformation to oral cancer. Four biological replicate samples from clinical phenotypes of healthy control, leukoplakia, erythroplakia, and oral carcinoma were annotated based on clinical screening and histopathological evaluation of buccal mucosa tissue. Differentially expressed proteins were delineated using a label-free quantitative proteomic experiment done on an Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid mass spectrometer in three technical replicate sets of samples. Raw files were processed using MaxQuant version 2.0.1.0, and downstream analysis was done via Perseus version 1.6.15.0. Validation included functional annotation based on biological processes and pathways using the ClueGO plug-in of Cytoscape. Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis were performed using the ClustVis tool. Across control, leukoplakia, and cancer, L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain, plectin, and WD repeat-containing protein 1 were upregulated, whereas thioredoxin 1 and spectrin alpha chain, nonerythrocytic 1 were downregulated. Across control, erythroplakia, and cancer, L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain was upregulated whereas aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, peroxiredoxin 1, heat shock 70 kDa protein 1B, and spectrin alpha chain, nonerythrocytic 1 were downregulated. We found that proteins involved in leukoplakia were associated with alteration in cytoskeletal disruption and glycolysis, while in erythroplakia, they were associated with alteration in response to oxidative stress and glycolysis across phenotypes. Hierarchical clustering subgrouped half of precancerous samples under the main branch of the control and the remaining half under carcinoma. Similarly, principal component analysis identified segregated clusters of control, precancerous lesions, and cancer, but erythroplakia phenotypes, in particular, overlapped more with the cancer cluster. Qualitative and quantitative protein signatures across control, precancer, and cancer phenotypes explain possible functional outcomes that dictate malignant transformation to oral carcinoma.
Collapse
|
37
|
Kumar S, Kumar K, Singh B, Mehrotra D, Mahdi A. Association of salivary cortisol and psychological burden in patients with oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders: A prospective study. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:S0. [PMID: 37147974 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_530_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to find an association between psychological burden (in terms of depression, anxiety, and stress) and salivary cortisol among oral cancer (OC) and oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD) patients at various time frames. Methods In total, 50 patients with OC and OPMD were studied after their informed consent along with 30 healthy controls. Depression, anxiety, and stress scale-21 (DASS-21) was administered and saliva was collected (non-invasively) at different stages including the time of diagnosis, one and three months after intervention (medical or surgical). To avoid diurnal variation, saliva was collected twice (morning and evening). To assess the linear relationship between depression, anxiety, and stress with salivary cortisol, a partial correlation was calculated. Results Comparison of salivary cortisol levels among control, OC, and OPMD groups showed a statistically significant difference in both morning and evening values at different point of time intervals. Higher values of salivary cortisol were observed in OC patients (both morning and evening) in comparison to the OPMD or control group. A positive correlation was discerned between stress and salivary cortisol in both OPMD and OC patients, while no association was found for depression and anxiety domains. Conclusion The measurement of salivary cortisol effectively demonstrates raised stress levels in OPMD as well as OC patients. Therefore, it is recommended to institute stress management interventions in the patients as part of the treatment of OPMD and OC.
Collapse
|
38
|
Gijón-Soriano AL, Argueta-Figueroa L, Pérez-Cervera Y, Acevedo-Mascarúa AE, González-Arratia-López-Fuentes NI, Torres-Muñoz MA, Moyaho-Bernal MDLA, Torres-Rosas R. Association between sociodemographic characteristics and level of knowledge about oral cancer among Mexican dental health professionals: a cross-sectional online survey. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 22:874. [PMID: 36527021 PMCID: PMC9756605 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03952-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A good level of knowledge in dentists is crucial for an early diagnosis of oral cancer (OC). In Latin America there are a few studies of OC knowledge among dentist, those has been performed in Brazil, Colombia, and Chile, and their results showed low level of OC knowledge. On the other hand, there is no publication in which the level of knowledge of dentists in Mexico has been addressed. Therefore, this study aimed to assess knowledge of OC and to determine the association of the level of knowledge with sociodemographic characteristics among dentists in Mexico. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey was designed to obtain information via questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed in the Spanish language, and the content validity was determined. The study was conducted among Mexican dentists with a 23-item questionnaire that was designed to be anonymous. The sample size was calculated using the finite population formula. Based on the responses, the level of knowledge of OC was categorized as very low, low, regular, good, or excellent. Additionally, the association between sociodemographic characteristics and the level of knowledge about OC was evaluated. RESULTS This research was conducted on a sample of 387 dentists. Most of the respondents were general dentists and worked in urban zones. The majority of dentists lacked a specialty (76.7%). Additionally, most of the respondents were students (44.2%). The level of knowledge of the participants was between regular and good (77.8%). On the other hand, concerning self-evaluation, most of the participants considered their knowledge of OC to be regular (50.6%). In addition, there was no association between sociodemographic characteristics and knowledge about OC. CONCLUSIONS This research identified some weaknesses in most Mexican dentists' knowledge of OC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lilia Gijón-Soriano
- División de posgrado, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Av. Universidad S/N, Ex-Hacienda 5 Señores, 68120, Oaxaca de Juárez, Mexico
| | - Liliana Argueta-Figueroa
- CONACyT - Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Av. Universidad S/N, Ex-Hacienda 5 Señores, 68120, Oaxaca de Juárez, Mexico.
| | - Yobana Pérez-Cervera
- Laboratorio de Inmunología asociado al Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, División de Posgrado, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Av. Universidad S/N, Ex-Hacienda 5 Señores, 68120, Oaxaca de Juárez, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Enrique Acevedo-Mascarúa
- División de posgrado, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Av. Universidad S/N, Ex-Hacienda 5 Señores, 68120, Oaxaca de Juárez, Mexico
| | | | - Martha Adelina Torres-Muñoz
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Conducta Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Filiberto Gómez s/n, Barrio de Tlacopa, 50010, Toluca de Lerdo, Mexico
| | - María de Los Angeles Moyaho-Bernal
- Facultad de Estomatología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, calle 31 Poniente #1304, Col. Los Volcanes, C. P. 72410, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Rafael Torres-Rosas
- Laboratorio de Inmunología asociado al Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, División de Posgrado, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Av. Universidad S/N, Ex-Hacienda 5 Señores, 68120, Oaxaca de Juárez, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liska J, Liskova V, Trcka O, Ondic O, Hauer L, Baxa J, Kacerovska D. Oral presentation of paraneoplastic pemphigus as the first sign of tonsillar HPV associated squamous cell carcinoma. A case report. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2022; 166:447-450. [PMID: 34188253 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2021.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) in the oral cavity is a rare variant of blistering pemphigus disease closely associated with mostly malignant tumors. The diagnosis may even precede an underlying malignancy enabling early detection. Here, we describe a previously unreported case of PNP associated with HPV-related tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS AND RESULTS A 50-year-old woman was referred to a dentist because of painful oral lesions resembling aphthae major and minor. Later, blisters appeared and an incisional biopsy was performed. Histological examination revealed an unusual coexistence of subepithelial and intraepithelial blisters raising suspicion of paraneoplastic pemphigus. The patient underwent 18F-FDG PET/MRI, showing a metabolically active process in the left palatal tonsil. Diagnostic biopsy revealed HPV type 16 associated tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma. A left tonsillectomy with elective left-sided neck dissection was performed. The postoperative period was complicated by bilateral fluidothorax. Two weeks after radical tumor removal, the mucosal and skin lesions of PNP disappeared. The patient currently shows no evidence of recurrence either of malignancy or PNP eight months after the surgery. CONCLUSION PNP is a rare autoimmune blistering disease characterized by polymorphous cutaneous and mucosal lesions associated with internal neoplasms including HPV associated squamous cell carcinoma of a tonsil. In order to identify an occult malignancy, a whole-body PET/CT or PET/MRI scan is recommended. Rarely, accurate patient management may depend on the dentist being familiar with this entity and on interdisciplinary cooperation involving dermatologist, radiologist, pathologist, and pneumologist. A strict patient follow-up is indicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Liska
- Department of Dentistry, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Liskova
- Department of Dentistry, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Trcka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Ondic
- Sikl's Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Ed. Benese 13, 305 99 Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Biopticka Laboratory, Mikulasske namesti 628, 326 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Hauer
- Department of Dentistry, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Baxa
- Department of Imaging Methods, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Kacerovska
- Sikl's Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Ed. Benese 13, 305 99 Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Biopticka Laboratory, Mikulasske namesti 628, 326 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Bhuvaneswari M, Prasad H, Rajmohan M, Sri Chinthu KK, Prema P, Mahalakshmi L, Kumar GS. Estimation of salivary lactate dehydrogenase in oral squamous cell carcinoma, oral leukoplakia, and smokers. J Cancer Res Ther 2022; 18:S215-S218. [PMID: 36510967 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_969_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an enzyme seen within every cell during their normal metabolic function. It is always confined within the cell cytoplasm and it becomes extracellular only when a cell dies. The extracellular presence of LDH is related to cell necrosis and tissue breakdown. Therefore, we designed a study to estimate and compare LDH levels in the saliva of patients with oral cancer, oral leukoplakia (OL), and smokers without lesions and in controls. Materials and Methods A total of 81 subjects of both genders, between the ages of 20 and 70 years, were included in the study. The study group was divided into four: group I-controls (n = 20), Group II-smokers (n = 20), Group III-subjects with OL (n = 20), and Group IV-subjects with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) (n = 21). Five milliliters of unstimulated salivary sample was collected from each participant, and salivary LDH level was measured. The obtained values were tabulated and statistically analyzed. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results The difference in LDH levels among the four groups was found to "BE" statistically significant. LDH values showed a marked increase in the leukoplakia group (49.79 ± 19.88 IU/L) and OSCC group (106.97 ± 32.75 IU/L) when compared to controls and smokers. Conclusion We found that salivary LDH was increased in patients with leukoplakia and OSCC. Smoking alone did not produce any alterations in salivary LDH. It is possible that salivary LDH could be a potential biomarker to identify early premalignant or malignant changes in smokers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahalingam Bhuvaneswari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Harikrishnan Prasad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muthusamy Rajmohan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kenniyan Kumar Sri Chinthu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Perumal Prema
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Loganathan Mahalakshmi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gopal Shiva Kumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Screening for Biomarkers for Progression from Oral Leukoplakia to Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Evaluation of Diagnostic Efficacy by Multiple Machine Learning Algorithms. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235808. [PMID: 36497288 PMCID: PMC9738227 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is to identify key genes during the progression from oral leukoplakia (OL) to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and predict effective diagnoses. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential expression analysis were performed to identify seven genes associated with the progression from OL to OSCC. Twelve machine learning algorithms including k-nearest neighbor (KNN), neural network (NNet), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) were used to construct multi-gene models, which revealed that each model had good diagnostic efficacy. The functional mechanism or the pathways associated with these genes were evaluated using enrichment analysis, subtype clustering, and immune infiltration analysis. The enrichment analysis revealed that the genes enriched were associated with the cell cycle, cell division, and intracellular energy metabolism. The immunoassay results revealed that the genes primarily affected the infiltration of proliferating T cells and macrophage polarization. Finally, a nomogram and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used to predict the prognostic efficacy of key genes in OSCC patients. The results showed that genes could predict the prognosis of the patients, and patients in the high-risk group had a poor prognosis. Our study identified that the seven key genes, including DHX9, BCL2L12, RAD51, MELK, CDC6, ANLN, and KIF4A, were associated with the progression from OL to OSCC. These genes had good diagnostic efficacy and could be used as potential biomarkers for the prognosis of OSCC patients.
Collapse
|
42
|
Song B, Li S, Sunny S, Gurushanth K, Mendonca P, Mukhia N, Patrick S, Peterson T, Gurudath S, Raghavan S, Tsusennaro I, Leivon ST, Kolur T, Shetty V, Bushan V, Ramesh R, Pillai V, Wilder-Smith P, Suresh A, Kuriakose MA, Birur P, Liang R. Exploring uncertainty measures in convolutional neural network for semantic segmentation of oral cancer images. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:115001. [PMID: 36329004 PMCID: PMC9630461 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.11.115001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Oral cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers, especially in middle- and low-income countries such as India. Automatic segmentation of oral cancer images can improve the diagnostic workflow, which is a significant task in oral cancer image analysis. Despite the remarkable success of deep-learning networks in medical segmentation, they rarely provide uncertainty quantification for their output. AIM We aim to estimate uncertainty in a deep-learning approach to semantic segmentation of oral cancer images and to improve the accuracy and reliability of predictions. APPROACH This work introduced a UNet-based Bayesian deep-learning (BDL) model to segment potentially malignant and malignant lesion areas in the oral cavity. The model can quantify uncertainty in predictions. We also developed an efficient model that increased the inference speed, which is almost six times smaller and two times faster (inference speed) than the original UNet. The dataset in this study was collected using our customized screening platform and was annotated by oral oncology specialists. RESULTS The proposed approach achieved good segmentation performance as well as good uncertainty estimation performance. In the experiments, we observed an improvement in pixel accuracy and mean intersection over union by removing uncertain pixels. This result reflects that the model provided less accurate predictions in uncertain areas that may need more attention and further inspection. The experiments also showed that with some performance compromises, the efficient model reduced computation time and model size, which expands the potential for implementation on portable devices used in resource-limited settings. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the UNet-based BDL model not only can perform potentially malignant and malignant oral lesion segmentation, but also can provide informative pixel-level uncertainty estimation. With this extra uncertainty information, the accuracy and reliability of the model’s prediction can be improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bofan Song
- The University of Arizona, Wyant College of Optical Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | - Shaobai Li
- The University of Arizona, Wyant College of Optical Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | - Sumsum Sunny
- Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Nirza Mukhia
- KLE Society Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Tyler Peterson
- The University of Arizona, Wyant College of Optical Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | - Shubha Gurudath
- KLE Society Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Imchen Tsusennaro
- Christian Institute of Health Sciences and Research, Dimapur, Nagaland, India
| | - Shirley T. Leivon
- Christian Institute of Health Sciences and Research, Dimapur, Nagaland, India
| | - Trupti Kolur
- Mazumdar Shaw Medical Foundation, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Vivek Shetty
- Mazumdar Shaw Medical Foundation, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Vidya Bushan
- Mazumdar Shaw Medical Foundation, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rohan Ramesh
- Christian Institute of Health Sciences and Research, Dimapur, Nagaland, India
| | - Vijay Pillai
- Mazumdar Shaw Medical Foundation, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Petra Wilder-Smith
- University of California, Beckman Laser Institute & Medical Clinic, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Amritha Suresh
- Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Mazumdar Shaw Medical Foundation, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Praveen Birur
- KLE Society Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Biocon Foundation, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rongguang Liang
- The University of Arizona, Wyant College of Optical Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Paglioni MDP, Khurram SA, Ruiz BII, Lauby-Secretan B, Normando AG, Ribeiro ACP, Brandão TB, Palmier NR, Lopes MA, da Silva Guerra EN, Meleti M, Migliorati CA, Carvalho AL, de Matos LL, Kowalski LP, Santos-Silva AR. Clinical predictors of malignant transformation and recurrence in oral potentially malignant disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2022; 134:573-587. [PMID: 36153299 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We performed a systematic review dedicated to pooling evidence for the associations of clinical features with malignant transformation (MT) and recurrence of 3 oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) (actinic cheilitis [AC], oral leukoplakia [OL], and proliferative verrucous leukoplakia [PVL]). STUDY DESIGN We selected studies that included clinical features and risk factors (age, sex, site, size, appearance, alcohol intake, tobacco use, and sun exposure) of OL, PVL, and AC associated with recurrence and/or MT. RESULTS Based on the meta-analysis results, non-homogeneous OL appears to have a 4.53 times higher chance of recurrence after treatment. We also found 6.52 higher chances of MT of non-homogeneous OL. Another clinical feature related to higher MT chances is the location (floor of the mouth and tongue has 4.48 higher chances) and the size (OL with >200 mm2 in size has 4.10 higher chances of MT). Regarding habits, nonsmoking patients with OL have a 3.20 higher chance of MT. The only clinical feature related to higher chances of MT in patients with PVL was sex (females have a 2.50 higher chance of MT). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that some clinical features may indicate greater chances of recurrence after treatment and MT of OPMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana de Pauli Paglioni
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Syed Ali Khurram
- Unit of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Blanca Iciar Indave Ruiz
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization (WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Béatrice Lauby-Secretan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization (WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Ana Gabriela Normando
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Thais Bianca Brandão
- São Paulo Cancer Institute (ICESP), Dentistry Department, São Paulo, Brazil; Odontologia Oncológica D'or, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Rangel Palmier
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Meleti
- Cantro Universitario di Odontoiatria-Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Leandro Luongo de Matos
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Laminin Immunostaining in Biopsies as a Useful Biomarker of Early Invasion in Actinic Cheilitis and Differential Diagnosis Between Actinic Cheilitis and Lip Cancer: New Insights. Head Neck Pathol 2022:10.1007/s12105-022-01504-y. [PMID: 36303015 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-022-01504-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Squamous cell carcinoma of the lip (LSCC) and oral cavity can be life-threatening if not diagnosed early. Precancerous lesions like actinic cheilitis (AC), can transform into LSCC. Laminin is a fundamental component for basement membrane (BM) and its integrity may prevent neoplastic invasion. Therefore, laminin immunostaining of BM may be useful in identifying early invasion in actinic cheilitis and thus in the differential diagnosis between AC and invasive LSCC or high-grade epithelial dysplasia (ED). MATERIALS AND METHODS Biopsies from 46 patients with oral lesions were histologically analyzed and immunohistochemically stained for laminin-1. RESULTS AC was diagnosed in 34 patients and LSCC in 12 patients, including 3 patients with AC and concomitant high-grade ED/in situ carcinoma. Laminin-1 immunostaining revealed intense and linear expression of the BM in AC with low-grade ED. Loss of laminin expression was observed in LSCC. Intracellular laminin expression in parabasal cells was noted in AC with high-grade ED/in situ carcinoma. CONCLUSION Laminin immunostaining could be useful in identifying AC cases suspected of early invasion. It could also contribute to the histopathological differential diagnosis between AC with low- and high-grade ED and between AC and invasive LSCC. The findings of this study provide new insights into the mechanism involved in the progression process of AC into LSCC, encouraging preclinical studies that may document the stochastic role of laminin in this process.
Collapse
|
45
|
Espinosa RCG, Costa ARGF, Garcia Júnior MA, Ribeiro RIMDA, Cardoso SV, de Faria PR, Loyola AM. Correlation of H3K9ac and H4K12ac With Cell Proliferation Marker Ki-67 in Oral Leukoplakia: An Immunohistochemical Study. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2022; 30:566-572. [PMID: 35960013 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the immunohistochemical expression of H3K9ac and H4K12ac in oral leukoplakia (OL) and its association with cell proliferation marker Ki-67 and clinicopathologic data. Paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed tissue samples from 50 OLs and 15 fragments of the normal oral mucosa (NOM) were submitted to immunohistochemical assay using the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method. Quantitative analysis of the antigen-antibody reaction was performed by obtaining integrated optical density (IOD) and the percentage of positive nuclei (PPN) with ImageJ software. OL samples presented higher PPN ( P =0.02) and lower IOD values ( P =0.007) for H4K12ac in comparison to NOM. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for PPN and IOD values of H4K12ac immunostaining were 0.70 ( P =0.02) and 0.73 ( P =0.007), respectively. No differences were found between OL and NOM for H3K9ac. Cell proliferation marker Ki-67 had a positive correlation with PPN ( P <0.0001) and IOD ( P =0.0007) for H3K9ac expression and with IOD values ( P =0.002) for H4K12ac expression. The present findings suggest that alterations in the acetylation pattern of H4K12 occur in the early stages of oral carcinogenesis and that both H3K9ac and H4K12ac might have a role in the regulation of epithelial cell proliferation of OL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta C G Espinosa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Federal University of Uberlândia
| | - Anaíra R G F Costa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Federal University of Uberlândia
| | | | - Rosy I M de A Ribeiro
- Experimental Pathology Laboratory, Federal University of São João del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sérgio V Cardoso
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Federal University of Uberlândia
| | - Paulo R de Faria
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia
| | - Adriano M Loyola
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Federal University of Uberlândia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Shivhare P, Haidry N, Kumar A, Parihar A, Singh A, Subramanyam S. Diode Laser in the Management of Leukoplakia - A Retrospective Study. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2022; 12:178-184. [PMID: 36874766 PMCID: PMC9976845 DOI: 10.4103/ams.ams_117_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Leukoplakia is among the most common potentially malignant disorders encountered in clinical dental practice. The treatment of leukoplakia includes nonsurgical and surgical management. The surgical treatment includes excision, electrocauterisation, laser surgery or cryosurgery. This retrospective study aimed to analyse the efficacy of diode lasers in the management of leukoplakia. Methods The sample consists of 56 cases with 77 leukoplakia sites treated with diode laser between January 2018 and December 2020 with a minimum of six months follow-up. For each patient, personal data was collected along with site of lesions, leukoplakia phase, type of treatment performed (laser ablation or laser excision), side effects, recurrences and malignant transformation. Inferential statistical analysis was then conducted. Results After applying exclusion criteria, 56 cases with 77 leukoplakia sites were included in this study. Males aged >45 years were predominantly affected. Homogeneous leukoplakia (48.1%) was the most common phase. Recurrences were noted in 19.48% of the cases. Compared to laser excision, laser ablation had more recurrences. Gingival lesions showed a higher recurrence rate than other sites in the oral cavity. None of the cases showed malignant transformation. Discussion Laser offers many advantages over other conventional methods including lesser postoperative pain and swelling, bloodless dry operating field and increased patient comfort and requires minimal local anaesthesia. The study concluded that diode laser is an effective surgical treatment modality for treating leukoplakia. Furthermore, the laser excision technique was found to be superior to laser ablation due to lesser recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peeyush Shivhare
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Naqoosh Haidry
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Ajay Parihar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankur Singh
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shalini Subramanyam
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
The Level of Knowledge of Dental Profession Students of Universitas Airlangga on Leukoplakia as an Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder: An Observational Analytic Cross-Sectional Study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCES NU 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1749377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction Some oral cancers are preceded by oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), clinically and histologically characterized by epithelial dysplasia. Leukoplakia is one of the OPMDs which clinically categorized into homogenous and nonhomogenous. Nonhomogeneous leukoplakia has a higher potential for malignant change. Therefore, dentists are required to recognize leukoplakia early during an oral (visual) examination, and this competency must be one of the requirements before graduation.
Objective This study aimed to understand the level of knowledge of the dental undergraduate students about leukoplakia as an OPMD.
Methods This research was an observational analytic study using a cross-sectional design. Data were collected via a questionnaire survey conducted using Google Forms. The total score was divided into high (9–12), medium (5–8), and low (0–4). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 using comparative analysis Mann–Whitney techniques test.
Results A total of 180 dental profession students completed the questionnaire. Of these, 74 (41.40%) respondents were 22 years old, and 146 (81.10%) respondents were female. A high level of knowledge was achieved by 130 (72.20%) respondents, with each revealing 68 respondents from the 2019 batch and 62 from the 2018 batch, 49 (27.20%) respondents with a medium level of knowledge with 26 from the 2018 batch and 23 from the 2019 batch, and 1 respondent (0.60%) from the 2019 batch with a low level of knowledge. The results showed a p-value of 0.211.
Conclusion There is no significant difference between the levels of knowledge of dental profession students in Universitas Airlangga batches 2018 and 2019 with regard to leukoplakia as an OPMD.
Collapse
|
48
|
Cai X, Huang J. Clinicopathological factors associated with progression of oral submucous fibrosis: A population-based retrospective study. Oral Oncol 2022; 130:105949. [PMID: 35662030 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Oral submucosal fibrosis was one of the oral potentially malignant disorders, which has become a global epidemic disease. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological features associated with the disease progression of oral submucosal fibrosis. We recruited 700 cases of oral submucosal fibrosis in the Department of oral pathology, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University from July 1996 to July 2019, and analyzed the association among staging of oral submucosal fibrosis and age, sex, sites, duration of areca nut chewing. The age of the patients ranged from 14 to 63 years, with a median age of 32 years. The average age of oral submucosal fibrosis in the early stage (35.89 ± 9.97) was different from the average age in the middle stage (32.74 ± 8.83) and advanced stage (31.43 ± 7.57, P < 0.05). The risk of staging progression of oral submucosal fibrosis decreased with age (OR = 0.965, 95%CI: 0.945-0.986, P = 0.001).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinjia Cai
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Junhui Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, No. 72, Xiangya Street, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mori K, Hamada T, Beppu M, Tsuchihashi H, Goto Y, Kume K, Hijioka H, Nishi K, Mishima Y, Sugiura T. Detecting Early-Stage Oral Cancer from Clinically Diagnosed Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders by DNA Methylation Profile. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112646. [PMID: 35681626 PMCID: PMC9179386 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Clinically, early-stage oral cancers are difficult to distinguish from oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) because they show a variety of mucosal pathologies. Therefore, invasive tissue biopsies should be performed to determine the treatment strategy. Previously, we focused on gargle fluid as a noninvasive testing method and reported aberrant methylation in gargle fluid in patients with oral cancer. In this study, we successfully identified aberrantly methylated genes in early-stage oral cancer and reported that a combination of methylation of six genes could distinguish early-stage oral cancer from OPMDs, with high diagnostic performance. In addition, the methylation panel more accurately reflected the presence of early-stage oral cancer than cytology testing. Our results suggest that the methylation panel using gargle fluid has the potential to be used as a noninvasive screening tool to diagnose early-stage cancer. Abstract Clinically, early-stage oral cancers are difficult to distinguish from oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), and invasive tissue biopsy should be performed to determine a treatment strategy. Previously, we focused on gargle fluid as a noninvasive testing method and reported aberrant methylation in gargle fluid in patients with oral cancer. This study aimed to distinguish early-stage oral cancer from clinically diagnosed OPMDs using gargle fluid samples. We collected gargle fluid samples from 40 patients who were clinically diagnosed with OPMDs in the training set; among them, 9 patients were pathologically diagnosed with oral cancer. Methylation levels of 25 tumor suppressor genes were analyzed using the methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) method. We found that a combination of six genes (TP73, CASP8, RARB, KLLN, GSTP1, and CHFR) could distinguish oral cancer from clinically diagnosed OPMDs with high diagnostic performance (area under the curve [AUC], 0.885; sensitivity, 77.8%; and specificity, 87.1%). Additionally, the panel comprised of the six methylated genes was validated in the test set. Furthermore, when compared with cytology testing, the panel could accurately detect oral cancer. The present methylated gene panel may serve as a novel biomarker for oral cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Mori
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (K.M.); (M.B.); (H.T.); (Y.G.); (K.K.); (H.H.); (K.N.); (Y.M.)
| | - Tomofumi Hamada
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Hakuaikai Social Medical Corporation, Sagara Hospital, Kagoshima 892-0833, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (T.S.); Tel.: +81-99-224-1800 (T.H.); +81-99-275-6232 (T.S.)
| | - Mahiro Beppu
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (K.M.); (M.B.); (H.T.); (Y.G.); (K.K.); (H.H.); (K.N.); (Y.M.)
| | - Hiroki Tsuchihashi
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (K.M.); (M.B.); (H.T.); (Y.G.); (K.K.); (H.H.); (K.N.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yuichi Goto
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (K.M.); (M.B.); (H.T.); (Y.G.); (K.K.); (H.H.); (K.N.); (Y.M.)
| | - Kenichi Kume
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (K.M.); (M.B.); (H.T.); (Y.G.); (K.K.); (H.H.); (K.N.); (Y.M.)
| | - Hiroshi Hijioka
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (K.M.); (M.B.); (H.T.); (Y.G.); (K.K.); (H.H.); (K.N.); (Y.M.)
| | - Keitaro Nishi
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (K.M.); (M.B.); (H.T.); (Y.G.); (K.K.); (H.H.); (K.N.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yumiko Mishima
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (K.M.); (M.B.); (H.T.); (Y.G.); (K.K.); (H.H.); (K.N.); (Y.M.)
| | - Tsuyoshi Sugiura
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (K.M.); (M.B.); (H.T.); (Y.G.); (K.K.); (H.H.); (K.N.); (Y.M.)
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (T.S.); Tel.: +81-99-224-1800 (T.H.); +81-99-275-6232 (T.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Diagnostic Accuracy of High-Grade Intraepithelial Papillary Capillary Loops by Narrow Band Imaging for Early Detection of Oral Malignancy: A Cross-Sectional Clinicopathological Imaging Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102415. [PMID: 35626019 PMCID: PMC9139655 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study aimed to clarify the advantages and disadvantages of conventional visual inspection (CVI), endoscopic white light imaging (WLI), and narrow-band imaging (NBI) and to examine the diagnostic accuracy of intraepithelial papillary capillary loops (IPCL) for the detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). All OSCC cases showed high-grade (Type III–IV) IPCL. A non-homogeneous lesion with high-grade IPCL strongly suggested malignancy. Our results indicate that WLI and NBI are powerful tools for detecting precancerous and cancerous lesions using IPCL. However, NBI is influenced by mucosal thickness; therefore, image interpretation is important. Abstract This study aimed to clarify the advantages and disadvantages of conventional visual inspection (CVI), endoscopic white light imaging (WLI), and narrow-band imaging (NBI) and to examine the diagnostic accuracy of intraepithelial papillary capillary loops (IPCL) for the detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This cross-sectional study included 60 participants with oral mucosal diseases suspected of having oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) or OSCC. The patients underwent CVI, WLI, NBI, and incisional biopsy. Images were evaluated to assess the lesion size, color, texture, and IPCL. Oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral leukoplakia lesions were observed in larger areas with NBI than with WLI; 75.0% were associated with low-grade (Type 0–II) IPCL. Various types of oral leukoplakia were seen; however, all OSCC cases showed high-grade (Type III–IV) IPCL. The diagnostic accuracy of high-grade IPCL for OSCC showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of 100%, 80.9%, 59.1%, 100%, and 85.0%, respectively. A non-homogeneous lesion with high-grade IPCL strongly suggested malignancy. Overall, our results indicate that WLI and NBI are powerful tools for detecting precancerous and cancerous lesions using IPCL. However, NBI is influenced by mucosal thickness; therefore, image interpretation is important for accurate diagnosis.
Collapse
|