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Duncea I, Bacali C, Buduru S, Scrobota I, Almășan O. The Association of Systemic and Mandibular Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Females with Osteoporosis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1313. [PMID: 39202594 PMCID: PMC11356034 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60081313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Osteoporosis is a common general disease that mostly affects the skeletal system, including the jawbone. There is a link between systemic and mandibular osteoporosis. This study aimed at assessing the association between systemic (lumbar spine L1-L4, femoral neck, total hip) bone mineral density (BMD) and mandible BMD sites in Romanian postmenopausal females. Methods: A total of 97 menopausal patients were studied, 62 with osteoporosis and 35 females with no osteoporosis. For each patient, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) assessments of BMD in the mandible, proximal femur, total hip, and lumbar spine (L1-L4) were performed. Mandibular measurements were performed using the distal forearm software, followed by manual analysis after the bone contour was defined in each case. Results: Comparing the osteoporosis and control groups, there were significant differences in BMD at each examined location. The mandibular BMD (1.125 ± 0.181506 g/cm2) in the osteoporosis group was considerably smaller than in the control group (1.35497 ± 0.244397 g/cm2). Correlations between the BMD at different sites were significant: lumbar spine and femoral neck (r = 0.738, p < 0.0001), lumbar spine and total hip (r = 0.735, p < 0.0001), lumbar spine and mandible (r = 0.506, p < 0.0001), femoral neck and total hip (r = 0.891, p < 0.0001), femoral neck and mandible (r = 0.482, p < 0.0001), and total hip and mandible (r = 0.466, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: There were correlations between mandible BMD and lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip BMD, suggesting that osteoporosis affects mandibular bone density. BMD assessments at common locations may help predict mandibular BMD and the probability of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Duncea
- Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials Department, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cecilia Bacali
- Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials Department, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Smaranda Buduru
- Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials Department, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Scrobota
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Oana Almășan
- Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials Department, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Mansuy C, Saliba-Serre B, Ruquet M, Raskin A, Hüe O, Silvestri F, Mense C. Assessment of bone density in edentulous maxillae using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2024:101825. [PMID: 38499148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.101825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In edentulous maxillae, the anterior maxilla is the region of interest for implant placement due to posterior bone resorption and sinus pneumatization. This study aimed to assess variations in bone density in different regions of the edentulous maxilla according to sex and age, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS 69 CBCT from edentulous maxilla were analyzed. Six virtual implants were planned between the maxillary sinuses at incisor, canine, and premolar sites. Bone densities (in Hounsfield units HU) were recorded at six points on the neck, body, and apex of the buccal and lingual areas of each virtual implant. We used the two-sample t-test to compare male and female bone densities, and the Spearman correlation coefficient to analyze the correlation between mean bone density and age. One-way analysis of variance with post hoc pairwise t-tests was used to analyze the differences in density between three sites of the edentulous maxilla and the differences in density between three parts of the implant. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS Mean bone density in males was significantly higher than in females. There was a significant correlation between mean bone density and age in females. Incisor sites showed the highest mean bone density, followed by canine and premolar sites. There was a significant decline in bone density from the neck to the apex. CONCLUSIONS Bone density varied within and among edentulous maxillae. Bone density of the edentulous maxilla seemed to be influenced by age in women and by sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Mansuy
- CNRS, EFS, ADES, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Pôle PROMOD Odontologie, Service de Réhabilitations Orales, Marseille, France.
| | | | - Michel Ruquet
- CNRS, EFS, ADES, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Pôle PROMOD Odontologie, Service de Réhabilitations Orales, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Raskin
- CNRS, EFS, ADES, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Pôle PROMOD Odontologie, Service de Réhabilitations Orales, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Hüe
- CNRS, EFS, ADES, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Frédéric Silvestri
- CNRS, EFS, ADES, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Pôle PROMOD Odontologie, Service de Réhabilitations Orales, Marseille, France
| | - Chloé Mense
- CNRS, EFS, ADES, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Pôle PROMOD Odontologie, Service de Réhabilitations Orales, Marseille, France
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Poiana IR, Dobre R, Popescu RI, Pituru SM, Bucur A. Utility of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in the Detection of Low Bone Mass-A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5890. [PMID: 37762831 PMCID: PMC10531931 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is widely used in the preoperative qualitative and quantitative assessment of dental implant sites, offering dimensional accuracy, spatial resolution, gray density, and contrast comparable to those of classical CT scan, yet with disputable ability to determine bone mass density. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review of the literature was performed using the PubMed and SCOPUS databases, with terms referring to low bone mass and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). RESULTS Sixteen studies were included in the review. The results show different perspectives, but the evidence favors the use of CBCT, combined with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry bone density scan (DXA) evaluation, for the assessment of the osteoporosis status of the aging population and, more specifically, in postmenopausal women. Radiographic density (RD) values of the dens and the left part of the first cervical vertebra show the strongest correlation coefficients and the highest sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for predicting osteoporosis (OP) in the lumbar vertebrae and the femoral neck. CONCLUSIONS Our review suggests the potential of CBCT as a screening tool for patients with low bone mass using different radiomorphometric indices. Linear measurements of the inferior mandibular cortex were lower in osteoporotic individuals, indicating the perspective of CBCT also as a diagnostic tool for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Ruxandra Poiana
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.R.P.); (R.-I.P.); (S.-M.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Ramona Dobre
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.R.P.); (R.-I.P.); (S.-M.P.); (A.B.)
- Department of Endocrinology, National Institute of Endocrinology C. I. Parhon, 011853 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Razvan-Ionut Popescu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.R.P.); (R.-I.P.); (S.-M.P.); (A.B.)
- Department of Endocrinology, National Institute of Endocrinology C. I. Parhon, 011853 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Urology, “Prof. Dr. Th. Burghele” Clinical Hospital, 050659 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Silviu-Mirel Pituru
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.R.P.); (R.-I.P.); (S.-M.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Alexandru Bucur
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.R.P.); (R.-I.P.); (S.-M.P.); (A.B.)
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Abdinian M, Milaei M, Soltani P. Digital panoramic radiography and CBCT as auxiliary tools for detection of low bone mineral density in post-menopausal women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Med Imaging 2023; 23:78. [PMID: 37308822 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-023-01046-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a chronic, multifactorial skeletal disease that occurs especially in women following a decrease in estrogen levels and decrease in bone mineral density. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between qualitative and quantitative indexes in panoramic radiographs and quantitative indexes in CBCT images with femoral and vertebral BMD in postmenopausal women. METHODS This comparative cross-sectional study was performed on postmenopausal women aging 40 to 80 years attending for obtaining either panoramic radiograph or mandibular CBCT scan. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was performed from the femur and lumbar vertebra. Quantitative parameters of mental index (MI), panoramic mandibular index (PMI), antegonial index (AI) as well as qualitative parameters of mandibular cortical index (MCI) and trabecular bone pattern (TP) were evaluated in panoramic radiographs. Quantitative parameters computed tomography mandibular index (CTMI), computed tomography index (inferior) [CTI(I)] and computed tomography index (superior) [CTI(S)] were analyzed in CBCT images. Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests and Pearson correlation coefficient were used (α = 0.05). RESULTS In individuals with panoramic radiography, statistically significant correlations were observed between MI with vertebral and femoral T-score, AI with vertebral and femoral T-score (except for the right AI with femoral T-score), and TP with vertebral and femoral T-score (p < 0.05). In the group with CBCT scans, the correlations between CTMI with vertebral and femoral T-score, CTI(I) with vertebral and femoral T-score, and CTI(S) with vertebral and femoral T-score were statistically significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS in CBCT images, quantitative indexes of CTMI, CTI(I), and CTI(S), and in panoramic images, quantitative indexes of MI and AI and qualitative index of TP can be used to predict the possibility of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Abdinian
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental Implants Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar-Jarib Ave, P.O. 8174673461, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mina Milaei
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parisa Soltani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental Implants Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar-Jarib Ave, P.O. 8174673461, Isfahan, Iran.
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
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Isayev A, Velieva N, Isedisha L, Isayeva Z, Kamburoğlu K, Kuyumcu F. Cone-Beam Computed Tomography as a Prediction Tool for Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Literature Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13061027. [PMID: 36980335 PMCID: PMC10047831 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13061027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This literature review was conducted to analyze the capability of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to accurately identify low bone mass density in women. A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Library, and Science Direct was performed to identify relevant articles, and the Cochrane risk of bias criterion was used to determine the methodological quality of the included studies. All ten included studies assessed primary research on the capacity of CBCT to accurately diagnose insufficient bone mineral density. All relevant data were extracted, and the results were summarized narratively. The results indicated that the CBCT has good sensitivity and specificity and high accuracy in predicting osteoporosis. Four of the included studies measured qualitative values, while the others concentrated on quantitative values and found lower values in osteoporosis patients compared to those of osteopenic and healthy patients. All the studies compared CBCT grayscale values with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scores, which strengthened our confidence in the accuracy of CBCT’s diagnostic capability. CBCT is considered a feasible predictive tool for detecting patients who are at risk of osteoporosis, although further research is needed to confirm the evidence and enhance its common use among health care professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abulfaz Isayev
- School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Nigiar Velieva
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow 125993, Russia
| | - Luljeta Isedisha
- School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Zhala Isayeva
- School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Kıvanç Kamburoğlu
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara 06560, Turkey
| | - Fatih Kuyumcu
- Buyukcekmece Agiz ve Dis Sagligi Merkezi, Istanbul 34500, Turkey
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Shokri A, Moradhaseli H, Fekrazad R, Jazaeri M, Farhadian M. Effect of photobiomodulation therapy with different wavelengths on bone mineral density in osteoporotic rats. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:59. [PMID: 36723764 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03714-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is associated with severe pain, bone deformity, fracture, and bone loss. It is important to find strategies to prevent bone resorption and treat osteoporosis. This study sought to assess the effect of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with different wavelengths on bone mineral density (BMD) in osteoporotic rats. This animal study evaluated 63 adult female rats. The rats underwent ovariectomy to induce osteoporosis. Ovariectomized rats were randomly divided into 9 groups of control (OC), treatment with zoledronic acid alone (0.02 mg/kg), and treatment with 660 nm, 810 nm, and 940 nm PBMT alone (3 times a week for 6 weeks, energy density of 4 J/cm2), and combined with zoledronic acid. The healthy control group (HC) only underwent sham surgery. The rats underwent cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) 52 days after the first treatment session to measure their BMD according to the gray value (GV) of images. To assess the biomechanical properties of bone, the resected bones were subjected to 3-point bending test (3-PBT). The experimental groups had significant differences with the OC group regarding radiographic and biomechanical properties of bone (P < 0.05), indicating a healing course. No significant difference was noted between the experimental groups treated with different laser wavelengths and those treated with zoledronic acid (P > 0.05). In the condition of this study, it was found that PBMT at a constant energy density of 4 J/cm2 with 660-, 810-, and 940-nm wavelengths is effective for enhancement of bone mineral density and biomechanical properties. No significant difference was noted between different wavelengths of diode laser regarding radiographic and biomechanical properties of bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Shokri
- Dental Implants Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research, Network (USERN), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Jazaeri
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Farhadian
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Anbiaee N, Shafieian R, Shiezadeh F, Shakeri M, Naqipour F. Correlation between gray values in cone-beam computed tomography and histomorphometric analysis. Imaging Sci Dent 2022; 52:375-382. [PMID: 36605865 PMCID: PMC9807799 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20220051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships between bone density measurements obtained using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and morphometric parameters of bone determined by histomorphometric analysis. Materials and Methods In this in vivo study, 30 samples from the maxillary bones of 7 sheep were acquired using a trephine. The bone samples were returned to their original sites, and the sheep heads were imaged using CBCT. On the CBCT images, gray values were calculated. In the histomorphometric analysis, the total bone volume, the trabecular bone volume (referred to simply as bone volume), and the trabecular thickness were assessed. Results Statistical testing showed significant correlations between CBCT gray values and total bone volume (r=0.537, P=0.002), bone volume (r=0.672, P<0.001), and trabecular thickness (r=0.692, P<0.001), as determined via the histomorphometric analysis. Conclusion The results indicate a significant and acceptable association between CBCT gray values and bone volume, suggesting that CBCT may be used in bone densitometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Anbiaee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Shafieian
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farid Shiezadeh
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadtaghi Shakeri
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Naqipour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Carvalho BF, de Castro JGK, de Melo NS, de Souza Figueiredo PT, Moreira-Mesquita CR, de Paula AP, Sindeaux R, Leite AF. Fractal dimension analysis on CBCT scans for detecting low bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Imaging Sci Dent 2022; 52:53-60. [PMID: 35387102 PMCID: PMC8967487 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20210172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the fractal dimension (FD) measured at 2 bone sites (second cervical vertebra and mandible) on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The research question was whether FD could serve as an accessory tool to refer postmenopausal women for densitometric analysis. Therefore, the reliability and accuracy of FD were evaluated. Materials and Methods In total, 103 postmenopausal women were evaluated, of whom 52 had normal bone mineral density and 51 had osteoporosis, according to dual X-ray absorptiometry of the lumbar spine and hip. On the CBCT scans, 2 regions of interest were selected for FD analysis: 1 at the second cervical vertebra and 1 located at the mandible. The correlations between both measurements, intra- and inter-observer agreement, and the accuracy of the measurements were calculated. A P value less than 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance for all tests. Results The mean FD values were significantly lower at the mandibular region of interest in osteoporotic patients than in individuals with normal bone mineral density. The areas under the curve were 0.644 (P=0.008) and 0.531 (P=0.720) for the mandibular and vertebral sites, respectively. Conclusion FD at the vertebral site could not be used as an adjuvant tool to refer women for osteoporosis investigation. Although FD differed between women with normal BMD and osteoporosis at the mandibular site, it demonstrated low accuracy and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Carla Ruffeil Moreira-Mesquita
- Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Sindeaux
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - André Ferreira Leite
- Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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Tse JJ, Smith ACJ, Kuczynski MT, Kaketsis DA, Manske SL. Advancements in Osteoporosis Imaging, Screening, and Study of Disease Etiology. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2021; 19:532-541. [PMID: 34292468 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-021-00699-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to inform researchers and clinicians with the most recent imaging techniques that are employed (1) to opportunistically screen for osteoporosis and (2) to provide a better understanding into the disease etiology of osteoporosis. RECENT FINDINGS Phantomless calibration techniques for computed tomography (CT) may pave the way for better opportunistic osteoporosis screening and the retroactive analysis of imaging data. Additionally, hardware advances are enabling new applications of dual-energy CT and cone-beam CT to the study of bone. Advances in MRI sequences are also improving imaging evaluation of bone properties. Finally, the application of image registration techniques is enabling new uses of imaging to investigate soft tissue-bone interactions as well as bone turnover. While DXA remains the most prominent imaging tool for osteoporosis diagnosis, new imaging techniques are becoming more widely available and providing additional information to inform clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin J Tse
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ainsley C J Smith
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Michael T Kuczynski
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Daphne A Kaketsis
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sarah L Manske
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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Slaidina A, Nikitina E, Abeltins A, Soboleva U, Lejnieks A. Gray values of the cervical vertebrae detected by cone beam computed tomography for the identification of osteoporosis and osteopenia in postmenopausal women. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021; 133:100-109. [PMID: 34535433 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine whether the gray values (GVs) of the second and third cervical vertebrae in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) are affected by general bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women and to evaluate whether CBCT can be used for predicting the risk of osteoporosis. STUDY DESIGN The present cross-sectional study included 127 edentulous postmenopausal women (average age, 70.4 ± 8.9 years) who underwent CBCT examinations. BMD measurements of the lumbar spine and both femoral necks were performed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. The CBCT images were analyzed with OnDemand3D Dental software. GVs of the axial and sagittal sections of the cervical second and third vertebral bodies were obtained. RESULTS The GVs of the second and third cervical vertebrae decreased significantly with decreasing BMD. The axial GV of the second cervical vertebra showed the highest sensitivity (80.6%), highest negative predictive value (89.0%), lowest negative likelihood ratio (0.39), and highest area under the curve value (0.68) to predict osteoporosis. CONCLUSIONS Women with reduced BMD have lower GVs for the second and third cervical vertebrae. Changes in the GV of the second vertebra can potentially be used to determine the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anda Slaidina
- Leading Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics, Riga Stradins University, Riga Stradins University Institute of Stomatology, Riga, Latvia.
| | - Evija Nikitina
- Assistant, Department of Prosthodontics, Riga Stradins University, Riga Stradins University Institute of Stomatology, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Abeltins
- Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Riga Stradins University, Riga Stradins University Institute of Stomatology, Riga, Latvia
| | - Una Soboleva
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Riga Stradins University, Riga Stradins University Institute of Stomatology, Riga, Latvia
| | - Aivars Lejnieks
- Professor, Department of Internal Diseases, Riga Stradins University, Riga East Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
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Kogan MI, Popov IV, Kirichenko EY, Mitrin BI, Sadyrin EV, Kulaeva ED, Popov IV, Kulba SN, Logvinov AK, Akimenko MA, Pasechnik DG, Tkachev SY, Karnaukhov NS, Lapteva TO, Sukhar IA, Maksimov AY, Ermakov AM. X-ray micro-computed tomography in the assessment of penile cavernous fibrosis in a rabbit castration model. Andrology 2021; 9:1467-1480. [PMID: 34236146 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current assessment methods of penile cavernous fibrosis in animal models have limitations due to the inability to provide complex and volume analysis of fibrotic alterations. OBJECTIVE The aim was to evaluate micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) for assessment of cavernous fibrosis and compare it with histological, histochemical, immunohistochemical, and RT-PCR analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A controlled trial was performed involving 25 New Zealand male rabbits with induced testosterone deficiency by orchidectomy. Penile samples were obtained before and after 7, 14, 21, 84 days from orchidectomy. We consistently performed: a) gray value analysis of corpora cavernosa 3D models reconstructed after micro-CT; b) morphometry of smooth muscles/connective tissue ratio, collagen type I/III ratio, and area of TGF-beta-1 expression in corpora cavernosa; c) RT-PCR of TGF-beta-1 expression. RESULTS Micro-CT allowed visualization of penile structures at the resolution comparable to light microscopy. Gray values of corpora cavernosa decreased from 1673 (1512-1773) on the initial day to 1184 (1089-1232) on 21 day (p < 0,005); however, on 84 day, it increased to 1610 (1551-1768). At 21 and 84 days, there were observed a significant decrease in smooth muscle/connective tissue ratio and a significant increase in collagen type I/III ratio (p < 0,05). TGF-beta1 expression increased on 84 day according to immunohistochemistry (p < 0,005). RT-PCR was impossible to conduct due to the absence of RNA in obtained samples after micro-CT. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Micro-CT provided 3D visualization of entire corpora cavernosa and assessment of radiodensity alterations by gray value analysis in fibrosis progression. We speculate that gray value changes at early and late fibrosis stages could be related to tissue reorganization. RT-PCR is impossible to conduct on tissue samples studied by micro-CT due to RNA destruction. We also suggest that micro-CT could negatively affect the immunohistochemical outcome, as a significant increase of TGF-beta-1 expression occurs later than histological fibrotic signs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Kogan
- Department of urology and reproductive health (with the course of pediatric urology-andrology), Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Igor V Popov
- Department of urology and reproductive health (with the course of pediatric urology-andrology), Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation.,Faculty "Bioengineering and veterinary medicine", Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - E Y Kirichenko
- Faculty "Bioengineering and veterinary medicine", Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation.,Academy of Biology and Biotechnology named after D.I. Ivanovsky, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - B I Mitrin
- Research and Education Centre "Materials", Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - E V Sadyrin
- Research and Education Centre "Materials", Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - E D Kulaeva
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology named after D.I. Ivanovsky, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya V Popov
- Department of urology and reproductive health (with the course of pediatric urology-andrology), Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation.,Faculty "Bioengineering and veterinary medicine", Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - S N Kulba
- Faculty "Bioengineering and veterinary medicine", Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - A K Logvinov
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology named after D.I. Ivanovsky, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - M A Akimenko
- Faculty "Bioengineering and veterinary medicine", Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation.,Department of medical biology and genetics, Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - D G Pasechnik
- Faculty "Bioengineering and veterinary medicine", Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - S Yu Tkachev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - N S Karnaukhov
- Moscow Clinical Research Center named after A.S. Loginov, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - T O Lapteva
- National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - I A Sukhar
- National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - A Yu Maksimov
- National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - A M Ermakov
- Faculty "Bioengineering and veterinary medicine", Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
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