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López-Pintor RM, González-Serrano J, Ivaylova Serkedzhieva K, Serrano Valle J, de Arriba L, Hernández G, Sanz M. Gingival hypersensitivity reactions to toothpastes: A case series and scoping review. J Am Dent Assoc 2024; 155:213-226.e3. [PMID: 38206258 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypersensitivity reactions to toothpastes are rare. The objective of this study was to present the authors' clinical cases in the past 10 years and perform a scoping review of gingival hypersensitivity responses to toothpastes. TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED The authors reviewed records of documented gingival hypersensitivity reactions to dentifrices at the Postgraduate Clinic of Oral Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain, from January 2013 through December 2022. Furthermore, the authors conducted a search in PubMed with no date limit for articles reporting these hypersensitivity responses up through October 18, 2023. RESULTS Eleven cases were collected from the clinic. Eight gingival hypersensitivity reactions occurred in women, and 6 were associated with cinnamon. The most frequent lesions diagnosed were red gingiva. The discontinuation of the toothpaste led to the disappearance of the lesions. The search yielded 643 references. Thirteen articles were included in the scoping review, all of them case series and case reports, reporting 32 cases. Lesions affected middle-aged women most frequently, the most common hypersensitivity reaction was gingival redness, and the cases implicated toothpastes containing cinnamon and herbal composition. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS This study provides clues for diagnosing and treating hypersensitivity reactions to toothpastes, which may improve the identification, management, and reporting of these cases.
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Nokhbatolfoghahaei H, Niroomand A, Chiniforush N, Najary S, Shekarchi F. The effect of antibacterial photodynamic therapy with diode laser on chromogenic bacteria associated with dental black staining: An in-vitro study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 44:103761. [PMID: 37634607 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitan (A.a) and Actinomyces naeslundii (A.n) are two gram-negative chromogenic bacteria involved in the formation of dental black stainings. Our study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effect of photodynamic therapy (aPDT) using two photosensitizers, Methylene Blue (MB) and Indocyanine Green (ICG). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this in-vitro study, two isolates of each selected bacterium were cultured and treated as follows; Negative control with no treatment; CHX as a positive control; ICG; MB; ICG with 808 nm laser activation; and MB with 660 nm laser activation. The number of colonies (CFU/mL) was determined to compare the groups. The qualitative evaluation of biofilm formation was done by scanning electron microscopy of treated enamel pieces. The logarithmic values of the colony counts were compared using One-way ANOVA and the Welch test Tukey HSD and Games-Howell tests were used for multiple comparisons. P-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS The use of ICG alone or along with laser irradiation at the wavelength of 808 nm significantly reduced the number of colonies of A.a and A.n bacteria. Comparing the colony counts in the MB group with the positive control showed no significant decrease in bacterial load. On the contrary, activation of MB with 660 nm radiation of diode laser showed a significant antibacterial effect. The density of bacterial biofilm was significantly lower in the groups treated with MB and ICG without laser activation than in the control group; however, the reduction in bacteria biofilm density was more robust using photodynamic therapy with ICG. CONCLUSION aPDT using MB with 660 nm laser and ICG with 808 nm laser significantly reduced the number of chromogenic A.a and A.n bacteria, and photodynamic therapy with ICG was proven to be significantly more effective than MB with or without laser radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Nokhbatolfoghahaei
- Dental Research Centre, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirali Niroomand
- School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Department of Surgical Science and Integrated Diagnosis, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Shaghayegh Najary
- School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shekarchi
- Dental Research Centre, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pedodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhou F, Mu X, Li Z, Guo M, Wang J, Long P, Wan Y, Yuan T, Lv Y. Characteristics of Chinese herbal medicine mouthwash clinical studies: A bibliometric and content analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 307:116210. [PMID: 36736713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zhou
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 10029, China.
| | - Xiaoying Mu
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 10029, China.
| | - Zhaoyu Li
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Manjie Guo
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 10029, China.
| | - Jianan Wang
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 10029, China.
| | - Pengyi Long
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 10029, China.
| | - Yujia Wan
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 10029, China.
| | - Ting Yuan
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 10029, China.
| | - Yunpeng Lv
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 10029, China.
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Almeida TFA, Oliveira SR, de Noronha MS, Moreno A, Mesquita RA, Abreu LG, da Silva TA. Response to Letter to the Editor regarding “Type IV hypersensitivity associated with restorative materials: Clinical report and systematic literature review”. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00172-5. [PMID: 37029005 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana F A Almeida
- Post doctoral Researcher, Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology; School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG); Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Sicília R Oliveira
- PhD student, Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology; School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG); Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mariana S de Noronha
- Professor, Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology; School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG); Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Amália Moreno
- Professor, Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology; School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG); Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ricardo A Mesquita
- Professor, Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology; School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG); Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucas G Abreu
- Professor, Department of Child's and Adolescent's Oral Health; School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG); Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Tarcília A da Silva
- Professor, Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology; School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG); Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Shaheen MY, Al-Zawawi AS, Divakar DD, Aldulaijan HA, Basudan AM. Role of Chlorhexidine and Herbal Oral Rinses in Managing Periodontitis. Int Dent J 2023; 73:235-242. [PMID: 35907673 PMCID: PMC10023587 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this research was to assess the effect of 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) and a Salvadora persica-based mouthwash on whole salivary tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and periodontal inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Patients with and without medically diagnosed T2DM were included. Patients' medical records were evaluated to confirm the diagnosis of T2DM. All patients underwent nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Patients were divided into 2 subgroups. In the test and control group, patients were advised to rinse with an S persica-based mouthwash and a non-alcoholic 0.12% CHX after NSPT twice daily for 2 weeks, respectively. Demographic data were collected. Full-mouth plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment loss (AL) were measured, and whole salivary TNF-α levels were gauged at baseline and at 3-month follow-up. Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were measured in all patients at baseline and at 3-month follow-up. Sample size estimation was done, and group comparison was performed. Level of significance was set at P < .01. RESULTS Twenty-one nondiabetic individuals and 21 patients with T2DM were included. At baseline, there was no significant difference in clinical and radiographic periodontal parameters amongst in patients with and without T2DM. At 3-month follow-up, HbA1c, TNF-α, PI, PD, and clinical AL were comparable with their respective baseline values in the test and control groups amongst patients with T2DM. In nondiabetic individuals, there was a significant reduction in PI (P < .01), GI (P < .01), and PD (P < .01), and TNF-α (P < .01) at 3-month follow-up in the test and control groups compared with their respective baseline scores. CONCLUSIONS In the short term, NSPT with 0.12% CHX or S persica-based mouthwashes is more effective in reducing periodontal inflammation and whole salivary TNF-α levels in nondiabetic individuals than in patients with T2DM with periodontal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Y Shaheen
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abeer S Al-Zawawi
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Darshan Devang Divakar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sharavathi Dental College and Hospital, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India; Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Hajer A Aldulaijan
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani M Basudan
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alqutub MN, Alhumaidan AA, Alali Y, Al-Aali KA, Javed F, Vohra F, Abduljabbar T. Comparison of the postoperative anti-inflammatory efficacy of chlorhexidine, saline rinses and herbal mouthwashes after mechanical debridement in patients with peri-implant mucositis: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Dent Hyg 2023; 21:203-210. [PMID: 35090087 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM The null hypothesis is that there is no difference in the post-operative anti-inflammatory efficacy of chlorhexidine (CHX), 2% saline rinses (SR) and a herbal mouthwash (MW) after non-surgical mechanical debridement (MD) for treatment of peri-implant mucositis (PiM). The aim was to compare the post-operative anti-inflammatory efficacy of CHX, 2% SR and a herbal oral rinse after non-surgical MD of PiM. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present randomized controlled trial had a single-blinded parallel arm design. Patients diagnosed with PiM were enrolled. Demographic information was recorded. All patients underwent MD and were randomly divided into 4 groups: CHX-group: 0.12% non-alcoholic CHX; Sodium chloride (NaCl) group: 2% NaCl rinses; Herbal MW group: Herbal-based MW and H2 O group: distilled water with peppermint flavour. After MD, all the participants were advised to rinse twice daily (every 12 hrs) for 2 weeks with their respective MWs. In all groups, peri-implant modified plaque index (mPI), modified gingival index (mGI) and probing depth (PD) were measured at baseline and at 12 weeks of follow-up. Sample size was estimated using data from a pilot investigation; and group-comparisons were performed. Statistical significance was confirmed when P-values were below 0.01. RESULTS Sixty individuals (15 patients/group) were included. At baseline, mPI, mGI and PD were comparable in all groups. At baseline, there was no significant difference in peri-implant mPI, mGI and PD in all groups. At 12-weeks' follow-up, there was a statistically significant reduction in peri-implant mPI (p < 0.01), mGI (p < 0.01) and PD (p < 0.01) in CHX, NaCl and herbal MW groups compared with H2 O group. There was no significant relation between implant location, duration for which, implants were functional, gender and peri-implant clinical parameters in all groups. CONCLUSION After non-surgical MD, post-operative use of CHX and herbal and NaCl MWs is useful for the management of PiM in the short-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montaser N Alqutub
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkareem A Alhumaidan
- Preventive Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Damman, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Alali
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khulud A Al-Aali
- Department Of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawad Javed
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, US
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Abduljabbar
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Zawawi AS, Shaheen MY, Devang DD, Aldulaijan HA, Basudan AM. Postoperative anti-inflammatory efficacy of 2% saline rinses and a herbal- mouthwash after non-surgical periodontal therapy for the management of periodontal inflammation in young adults with chlorhexidine allergy: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Dent Hyg 2022; 20:408-414. [PMID: 35088565 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present randomized controlled trial assessed the postoperative anti-inflammatory efficacy of 2% saline rinses (SR) and a herbal- mouthwash (HMW) after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) for the management of periodontal inflammation in patients with chlorhexidine (CHX) allergy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with periodontal inflammation with and without self-reported CHX-allergy were included. All patients underwent non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Patients were randomly divided into three groups. In the SR and HMW groups, 2% SR, and a HMW, respectively were prescribed. In Group-3 (CHX-group), patients without CHX allergy were included and were prescribed 0.12% CHX. In all groups, plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (AL) and marginal bone loss were measured at baseline. Clinical periodontal parameters were re-assessed at 6-weeks' follow-up. P<0.01 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Thirteen, 12 and 12 patients were included in the SR, HMW and CHX groups, respectively. At baseline clinical and radiographic periodontal parameters were comparable in all groups. In all groups, PI (P<0.01), GI (P<0.01) and PD (P<0.01) were significantly higher at baseline compared with their respective values at 6-weeks of follow-up. There was no significant difference in clinical AL at all time intervals in all groups. There was no significant correlation between periodontal parameters and age, gender and daily toothbrushing/flossing in all groups. CONCLUSION In young adults with self-reported CHX-allergy, herbal-mouthwashes and/or 2% SR are suitable postoperative prescriptions after NSPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer S Al-Zawawi
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Y Shaheen
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Darshan Divakar Devang
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sharavathi Dental College and Hospital, Shivamogga, Karnataka 577204, Karnataka, India.,Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University (LMMU), Ministry of Health, Lusaka, 10101, Zambia
| | - Hajer A Aldulaijan
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani M Basudan
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Kommuri K, Michelogiannakis D, Barmak BA, Rossouw PE, Javed F. Efficacy of herbal versus chlorhexidine-based mouthwashes towards oral hygiene maintenance in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 20:100-111. [PMID: 34902217 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The review aims to fill the gap in literature by comparing the efficacy of herbal and chlorhexidine-based mouthwashes towards oral hygiene maintenance (OHM) in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment (OT). METHODS Indexed databases were searched electronically to include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for data gathering. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020182497). Risk of bias assessment, quality of evidence investigation, and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate reported OHM related parameters at time points before and after the use of chlorhexidine (control group) and herbal mouthwashes (intervention group). With 95% confidence intervals, mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) were used to estimate effect size. RESULTS Out of eight RCTs, results from one RCT favored chlorhexidine and the results from a second RCT favored herbal mouthwashes. Results from three RCTs showed comparable effects for the respective investigated OHM related parameters. Chlorhexidine demonstrated higher antimicrobial efficacy against Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans) in two studies, and one RCT found comparable antimicrobial efficacies. Risk of bias was low in 4 studies, and moderate and high in two studies each. Quality of evidence was very low to moderate for the respective investigated parameters. Sub-group analysis for parameters colony forming units (CFU) {SMD (0.40) [95% CI (-0.22, 1.03)], gingival index (GI) {MD (0.06) [95% CI (-0.08, 0.20)]}, plaque index (PI) {SMD 0.22 [95% CI (-0.23, 0.67)]} before the use of chlorhexidine and herbal mouthwashes remained inconclusive. CONCLUSION The comparison between efficacy of herbal and chlorhexidine towards OHM in patients undergoing fixed OT remains debatable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Kommuri
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Dimitrios Michelogiannakis
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Basir A Barmak
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, NY, United States
| | - P Emile Rossouw
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Fawad Javed
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, NY, United States
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Panagiotou A, Rossouw PE, Michelogiannakis D, Javed F. Role of Essential Oil-Based Mouthwashes in Controlling Gingivitis in Patients Undergoing Fixed Orthodontic Treatment. A Review of Clinical Trials. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010825. [PMID: 34682572 PMCID: PMC8535870 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Essential oil (EO)-based mouthwashes have been used for oral health maintenance due to their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim was to review clinical trials that assessed the role of EO-based mouthwashes in controlling gingivitis in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment (OT). The Patients, Interventions, Control and Outcome (PICO) format was based on the following: (a) P: Patients undergoing fixed OT (b) Intervention: EO-based mouth-wash; Control: Mouthwashes that did not contain EOs or no mouthwash (d) Outcome: Control of gingivitis measured by clinical indices. Databases were searched manually and electronically up to and including May 2021 using different medical subject subheadings. Data screening and extraction were performed. The risk of bias within randomized controlled trials was assessed using the revised Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool (RoB 2). The Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies—of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool was used for non-randomized controlled trials. Disagreements related to literature search and RoB evaluations were resolved via discussion. Six clinical studies were included. Four studies showed that Listerine® is effective in controlling gingivitis in patients undergoing fixed OT. One study reported that the use of 5% Fructus mume mouthwash resulted in a significant reduction in gingival bleeding. Two mouthwashes that contained 1% Matricaria chamomilla L. and 0.5% Zingiber officinale were also found to be efficient in controlling gingival bleeding. Four, one and one studies had a low, moderate and high RoB, respectively. In conclusion, EO-based mouthwashes seem to be effective for the management of gingivitis among patients undergoing fixed OT. Further well-designed and power-adjusted clinical trials are needed.
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Parhi S, Pal S, Das SK, Ghosh P. Strategies toward development of antimicrobial biomaterials for dental healthcare applications. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:4590-4622. [PMID: 34599764 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Several approaches for elimination of oral pathogens are being explored at the present time since oral diseases remain prevalent affecting approximately 3.5 billion people worldwide. Need for antimicrobial biomaterials in dental healthcare include but is not restricted to designing resin composites and adhesives for prevention of dental caries. Constant efforts are also being made to develop antimicrobial strategies for clearance of endodontic space prior root canal treatment and for treatment of periimplantitis and periodontitis. This article discusses various conventional and nanotechnology-based strategies to achieve antimicrobial efficacy in dental biomaterials. Recent developments in the design and synthesis of antimicrobial peptides and antifouling zwitterionic polymers to effectively lessen the risks of antimicrobial drug resistance are also outlined in this review. Further, the role of contemporary strategies such as use of smart biomaterials, ionic solvent-based biomaterials and quorum quenchers incorporated biomaterials in the elimination of dental pathogens are described in detail. Lastly, we mentioned the approach of using polymers to print custom-made three-dimensional antibacterial dental products via additive manufacturing technologies. This review provides a critical perspective on the chemical, biomimetic, and engineering strategies intended for developing antimicrobial biomaterials that have the potential to substantially improve the dental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivangi Parhi
- Division of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), AcSIR Headquarters CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sreyasi Pal
- Division of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Sujoy K Das
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), AcSIR Headquarters CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad, India.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Paulomi Ghosh
- Division of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), AcSIR Headquarters CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad, India
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