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Jana BK, Singh M, Dutta RS, Mazumder B. Current Drug Delivery Strategies for Buccal Cavity Ailments using Mouth Dissolving Wafer Technology: A Comprehensive Review on the Present State of the Art. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:339-359. [PMID: 36443976 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666221128152010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mouth-dissolving wafer is polymer-based matrice that incorporates various pharmaceutical agents for oral drug delivery. This polymeric wafer is ingenious in the way that it needs not be administered with water, like in conventional tablet dosage form. It has better compliance among the pediatric and geriatric groups owing to its ease of administration. OBJECTIVE The polymeric wafer dissolves quickly in the oral cavity and is highly effective for a targeted local effect in buccal-specific ailments. It is a safe, effective, and versatile drug delivery carrier for a range of drugs used to treat a plethora of oral cavity-specific ailments that inflict common people, like thrush, canker sores, periodontal disease, benign oral cavity tumors, buccal neoplasm, and malignancies. This review paper focuses thoroughly on the present state of the art in mouth-dissolving wafer technology for buccal drug delivery and targeting. Moreover, we have also addressed present-time limitations associated with wafer technology to aid researchers in future developments in the arena of buccal drug delivery. CONCLUSION This dynamic novel formulation has tremendous future implications for designing drug delivery systems to target pernicious ailments and diseases specific to the buccal mucosa. In a nutshell, this review paper aims to summarize the present state of the art in buccal targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bani Kumar Jana
- Department of Pharmaceutical sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh-786004, Assam, India
| | - Mohini Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh-786004, Assam, India
| | - Rajat Subhra Dutta
- Department of Pharmaceutical sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh-786004, Assam, India
| | - Bhaskar Mazumder
- Department of Pharmaceutical sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh-786004, Assam, India
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Zhang C, Li B, Zeng X, Hu X, Hua H. The global prevalence of oral leukoplakia: a systematic review and meta-analysis from 1996 to 2022. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:645. [PMID: 37670255 PMCID: PMC10481497 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03342-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral leukoplakia(OLK) is a common oral potentially malignant disorder. The global prevalence of solely OLK was published in 2003, while the prevalence varied among different studies. In recent years, large-scale summary and definition-related analyses obtain insufficient attention. This study aimed to perform a systematic review of prevalence studies of oral leukoplakia and assess predisposing factors of its occurrence. METHODS The search terms ("Oral leukoplakia" OR OLK OR leukoplakia) AND (prevalence OR incidence OR epidemiology) were searched in databases (Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science) for OLK studies published from January 1996 until December 2022. The estimated prevalence calculation and risk of bias analysis used STATA 16.0. RESULTS We obtained 69 studies, including 1,263,028 participants, from 28 countries, and 6 continents. The prevalence was 1.39%, varying from 0.12 to 33.33%. The overall pooled estimated prevalence of OLK was 2.23% for population-based studies, 1.36% for clinic-based population studies, and 9.10% for specific populations. The pooled prevalence in different continents ranged from 0.33 to 11.74% with a statistical difference in the population-based calculation. The estimated prevalence of OLK was higher in males than in females. Those who smoked and consumed alcohol had a higher prevalence than those who did not. CONCLUSION Combining data from 69 published studies, the prevalence of OLK was determined as 1.39% and the pooling estimated global prevalence was 3.41%. The prevalence was relatively consistent and stable across different continents and different definitions. A higher pooled estimated prevalence was found among males, those aged over 60 years old, smokers, and alcohol consumers. The results from the included studies in this systematic review revealed that the prevalence was relatively consistent and stable across various definitions and continents, which may help in developing global treatment and prevention strategies for oral leukoplakia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Zhang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for DentalMaterials, Haidian District, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjie Li
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for DentalMaterials, Haidian District, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiamei Zeng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - XiaoSheng Hu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for DentalMaterials, Haidian District, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Hua
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for DentalMaterials, Haidian District, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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Label-Free Proteomics of Oral Mucosa Tissue to Identify Potential Biomarkers That Can Flag Predilection of Precancerous Lesions to Oral Cell Carcinoma: A Preliminary Study. DISEASE MARKERS 2023; 2023:1329061. [PMID: 36776920 PMCID: PMC9908334 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1329061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinomas are mostly preceded by precancerous lesions such as leukoplakia and erythroplakia. Our study is aimed at identifying potential biomarker proteins in precancerous lesions of leukoplakia and erythroplakia that can flag their transformation to oral cancer. Four biological replicate samples from clinical phenotypes of healthy control, leukoplakia, erythroplakia, and oral carcinoma were annotated based on clinical screening and histopathological evaluation of buccal mucosa tissue. Differentially expressed proteins were delineated using a label-free quantitative proteomic experiment done on an Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid mass spectrometer in three technical replicate sets of samples. Raw files were processed using MaxQuant version 2.0.1.0, and downstream analysis was done via Perseus version 1.6.15.0. Validation included functional annotation based on biological processes and pathways using the ClueGO plug-in of Cytoscape. Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis were performed using the ClustVis tool. Across control, leukoplakia, and cancer, L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain, plectin, and WD repeat-containing protein 1 were upregulated, whereas thioredoxin 1 and spectrin alpha chain, nonerythrocytic 1 were downregulated. Across control, erythroplakia, and cancer, L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain was upregulated whereas aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, peroxiredoxin 1, heat shock 70 kDa protein 1B, and spectrin alpha chain, nonerythrocytic 1 were downregulated. We found that proteins involved in leukoplakia were associated with alteration in cytoskeletal disruption and glycolysis, while in erythroplakia, they were associated with alteration in response to oxidative stress and glycolysis across phenotypes. Hierarchical clustering subgrouped half of precancerous samples under the main branch of the control and the remaining half under carcinoma. Similarly, principal component analysis identified segregated clusters of control, precancerous lesions, and cancer, but erythroplakia phenotypes, in particular, overlapped more with the cancer cluster. Qualitative and quantitative protein signatures across control, precancer, and cancer phenotypes explain possible functional outcomes that dictate malignant transformation to oral carcinoma.
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Das R, Misra SR, Pradhan S. A simple clinicaapproach to diagnose oral erythroplakia, the potentially malignant disorder with the highest rate of malignant development into squamous cell carcinoma! Oral Oncol 2022; 134:106126. [PMID: 36130471 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.106126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rupsa Das
- Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Satya Ranjan Misra
- Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Saplin Pradhan
- Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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Čēma I, Dzudzilo M, Kleina R, Franckevica I, Svirskis Š. Correlation of Soluble CD44 Expression in Saliva and CD44 Protein in Oral Leukoplakia Tissues. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225739. [PMID: 34830890 PMCID: PMC8616328 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether and how pan-CD44 protein expression in leukoplakia tissues correlates with positive SolCD44 test presence and their role in oral leukoplakia. SolCD44 and total protein expression in saliva were determined using an OncAlert® Oral Cancer Rapid test. Comparison of paired associations of total protein, SolCD44, mean number of CD44 expressed epithelial layers in leukoplakia tissue, and macrophages below the basement membrane between control group and patients with leukoplakia showed statistically significant results (p < 0.0001). It is shown that the total protein indicates low or elevated risk of possible malignant transformation processes in leukoplakia. Statistically significant differences between higher total protein level and clinical forms of oral leukoplakia (p < 0.0001), as well as CD44-labeled epithelial cell layer decrease (p < 0.0001), were found. This possibly points to the onset of the stemness loss in leukoplakia tissue. CD9 antigen expression in the exosomes of the oral epithelium explained the intercellular flow of SolCD44 and other fluids in the leukoplakia area. We conclude that the OncAlert® Oral Cancer Rapid test is a valuable screening method in daily clinical practice, in terms of complementing clinical diagnostics methods and to assess the potential for early malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrīda Čēma
- Department of Oral Medicine, Rīga Stradiņš University, 16 Dzirciema Str., LV-1007 Rīga, Latvia
- Correspondence:
| | - Madara Dzudzilo
- Doctoral Study Department, Rīga Stradiņš University, 16 Dzirciema Str., LV-1007 Rīga, Latvia;
| | - Regīna Kleina
- Department of Pathology, Rīga Stradiņš University, 16 Dzirciema Str., LV-1007 Rīga, Latvia;
| | - Ivanda Franckevica
- Department of Pathology, Children’s Clinical University Hospital, Vienības Gatve 45, LV-1004 Rīga, Latvia;
| | - Šimons Svirskis
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Rīga Stradiņš University, 5 Rātsupītes Str., LV-1067 Rīga, Latvia;
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Rodrigues-Fernandes CI, Arboleda LPA, Vargas PA, Lopes MA, Santos-Silva AR. Oral leukoplakia in adolescents: Report of a rare case and review of the literature. Oral Oncol 2021; 122:105565. [PMID: 34673455 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this report was to describe a rare case of leukoplakia in a young patient without any risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma. An 18-year-old male patient presented with an asymptomatic white lesion on the right lateral border of the tongue. Microscopic examination of the excisional biopsy specimen displayed hyperkeratosis and acanthosis without epithelial dysplasia, which were consistent with the clinical diagnosis of oral leukoplakia. The patient is undergoing systematic and regular evaluation, and after 28 months of follow-up, no recurrence has been observed. This report showed that, although uncommon, adolescents and/or young adults can also be affected by oral potentially malignant disorders. Therefore, dentists should be aware of this condition to establish the proper diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Isabelly Rodrigues-Fernandes
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Semiology and Pathology Areas, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Lady Paola Aristizabal Arboleda
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Semiology and Pathology Areas, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Semiology and Pathology Areas, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Oral Biology and Oral Pathology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Márcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Semiology and Pathology Areas, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Semiology and Pathology Areas, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Duarte da Silva K, Vargas-Ferreira F, Dâmaso Bertoldi A, Celso Lopes Fernandes de Barros F, Fernando Demarco F, Britto Correa M, Beatriz Chaves Tarquinio S. Oral mucosal lesions in pregnant women: A population-based study. Oral Dis 2021; 28:1891-1900. [PMID: 34333827 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions (OML) and oral self-examination and their associated factors among pregnant women from the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study, Brazil. METHODS Pregnant women who would deliver babies in 2015 were included in the antenatal study. Data related to demographic, socio-economic and behavioural conditions were collected using questionnaires. Participants were also clinically assessed for oral health outcomes. The outcomes were the presence of OMLs and oral self-examination. Size, location, time of onset and symptomatology of the lesions were collected. Descriptive and bivariate analysis, and Poisson regression were performed. p-Value <0.05 was set to indicate statistical significance. RESULTS Data from 2481 pregnant women were analysed. Four hundred and nine (16.5%) had at least one OML. The most prevalent lesions were exostosis (80/16.6%), coated tongue (70/14.5%) and benign oral brownish pigmentation (68/14.1%). Non-white skin colour was associated with a higher prevalence of OMLs (PR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1-1.6), while daily use of dental floss was positively associated with the prevalence of oral self-examination (PR 1.4; 95% CI 1.2; 1.5). CONCLUSIONS Almost 20% of pregnant women presented OML, which were more prevalent in non-white individuals. Women with better oral care were more likely to perform oral self-examination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabiana Vargas-Ferreira
- Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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