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Bhattacharjee H, Das D, Bhattacharjee K, Buragohain S, Javeri H. Transmittance characteristics of transparent hydrophobic acrylic foldable intraocular lenses that were in vivo for a prolonged period of time: A UV visible spectrophotometric study. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:3663-3668. [PMID: 37991301 PMCID: PMC10788741 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_273_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To record experimental data on the spectral transmittance characteristics of transparent hydrophobic acrylic foldable IOLs, which were in vivo for a prolonged period of time and explanted under clinical indications and also to compare the data with that of corresponding control and crystalline lens along with review of the relevant literature. METHOD Material and make of each of the explanted intraocular lenses (IOLs) as well as pre-explantation clinical status of the eyes were confirmed from the medical record. The transmittance of wavelength from 185 to 900 nm of each of the selected IOLs was measured using Shimadzu UV 2600 UV visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer in double-beam configuration and probe version 2.16 software. The data obtained were statistically analyzed. RESULTS The mean transmittance of 12 clinically explanted IOLs at spectral range 300-700 nm was 49.5% ± SD 6.9%. This value was 10% and 38% less than the corresponding clear (59% ± SD 0.4%) and yellow (87.5% ± SD 0.4%) control, respectively. The mean transmittance of the analytes in the UV range was 43.3 ± SD 6.9%, and it was almost similar to the control. The data showed wide variations without good correlation, and it matches with the human crystalline lens at the age range of 50-60 years. All eyes were otherwise healthy, and none had age-related macular degeneration. CONCLUSION In comparison with fresh IOL with a yellow filter, light transmittance at the spectral range 300-700 nm was found decreased in all the IOLs, which were in vivo for an average period of 12.25 ± 4.4 years. All IOLs transmitted variable amounts of UV radiation. More data are required for further analysis on the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dipankar Das
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sri Sankaradeva Nethralaya, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | | | | | - Henal Javeri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sri Sankaradeva Nethralaya, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Vacalebre M, Frison R, Corsaro C, Neri F, Santoro A, Conoci S, Anastasi E, Curatolo MC, Fazio E. Current State of the Art and Next Generation of Materials for a Customized IntraOcular Lens according to a Patient-Specific Eye Power. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061590. [PMID: 36987370 PMCID: PMC10054364 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraocular lenses (IOLs) are commonly implanted after surgical removal of a cataractous lens. A variety of IOL materials are currently available, including collamer, hydrophobic acrylic, hydrophilic acrylic, PHEMA copolymer, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and silicone. High-quality polymers with distinct physical and optical properties for IOL manufacturing and in line with the highest quality standards on the market have evolved to encompass medical needs. Each of them and their packaging show unique advantages and disadvantages. Here, we highlight the evolution of polymeric materials and mainly the current state of the art of the unique properties of some polymeric systems used for IOL design, identifying current limitations for future improvements. We investigate the characteristics of the next generation of IOL materials, which must satisfy biocompatibility requirements and have tuneable refractive index to create patient-specific eye power, preventing formation of posterior capsular opacification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vacalebre
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche ed Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra (MIFT), Università di Messina, V.le Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Renato Frison
- Optical Consultant SIFI SpA, 95025 Aci Sant'Antonio (CT), Italy
| | - Carmelo Corsaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche ed Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra (MIFT), Università di Messina, V.le Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Fortunato Neri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche ed Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra (MIFT), Università di Messina, V.le Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Santoro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmacologiche ed Ambientali (CHIBIOFARAM), Università di Messina, V.le Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Sabrina Conoci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmacologiche ed Ambientali (CHIBIOFARAM), Università di Messina, V.le Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Elena Anastasi
- Innovation and Medical Science, SIFI SpA, 95025 Aci Sant'Antonio (CT), Italy
| | | | - Enza Fazio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche ed Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra (MIFT), Università di Messina, V.le Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Li M, Xu JW, Li J, Wang W, Luo C, Han H, Xu ZK, Yao K. A novel gatifloxacin-loaded intraocular lens for prophylaxis of postoperative endophthalmitis. Bioact Mater 2023; 20:271-285. [PMID: 35702608 PMCID: PMC9168518 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Mainster MA, Findl O, Dick HB, Desmettre T, Ledesma-Gil G, Curcio CA, Turner PL. The Blue Light Hazard Versus Blue Light Hype. Am J Ophthalmol 2022; 240:51-57. [PMID: 35227699 PMCID: PMC10243475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2022.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The blue light hazard is the experimental finding that blue light is highly toxic to the retina (photic retinopathy), in brief abnormally intense exposures, including sungazing or vitreoretinal endoillumination. This term has been misused commercially to suggest, falsely, that ambient environmental light exposure causes phototoxicity to the retina, leading to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We analyze clinical, epidemiologic, and biophysical data regarding blue-filtering optical chromophores. DESIGN Perspective. METHODS Analysis and integration of data regarding the blue light hazard and blue-blocking filters in ophthalmology and related disciplines. RESULTS Large epidemiologic studies show that blue-blocking intraocular lenses (IOLs) do not decrease AMD risk or progression. Blue-filtering lenses cannot reduce disability glare because image and glare illumination are decreased in the same proportion. Blue light essential for optimal rod and retinal ganglion photoreception is decreased by progressive age-related crystalline lens yellowing, pupillary miosis, and rod and retinal ganglion photoreceptor degeneration. Healthful daily environmental blue light exposure decreases in older adults, especially women. Blue light is important in dim environments where inadequate illumination increases risk of falls and associated morbidities. CONCLUSIONS The blue light hazard is misused as a marketing stratagem to alarm people into using spectacles and IOLs that restrict blue light. Blue light loss is permanent for pseudophakes with blue-blocking IOLs. Blue light hazard misrepresentation flourishes despite absence of proof that environmental light exposure or cataract surgery causes AMD or that IOL chromophores provide clinical protection. Blue-filtering chromophores suppress blue light critical for good mental and physical health and for optimal scotopic and mesopic vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Mainster
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Prairie Village, Kansas, USA.
| | - Oliver Findl
- Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, A Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Burkhard Dick
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruhr University Eye Hospital, Science, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Gerardo Ledesma-Gil
- Retina Department, Institute of Ophthalmology, Fundación Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Christine A Curcio
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Patricia L Turner
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Prairie Village, Kansas, USA
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Fernández-Vega Cueto A, Del Olmo-Aguado S, García-Pérez E, Rodriguez-Uña I, Fernández-Vega Cueto L, Suárez-Barrio C, Alfonso JF, Fernández-Vega L, Merayo-Lloves J. Protector role of intraocular lenses under artificial light conditions. Ophthalmic Res 2021; 65:276-286. [PMID: 34883496 DOI: 10.1159/000521306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this work is to analyse, in an in vitro model, the possible protective effects of ultraviolet- (UV-) or UV/ blue-filtering intraocular lens (IOLs) under LED lighting conditions. METHODS 10 models of IOLs were evaluated. Light transmission spectrum was recorded from 300 to 800 nm, in steps of 1 nm. Photodamage in vitro model was induced in ARPE-19 cells by blue LED light (465-475 nm). Changes in cell viability and oxidative stress variables were studied to assess the protective effect of IOLs. RESULTS UV/blue-filtering IOLs models block blue light spectrum in different proportion and UV-filtering IOLs blocking wavelength below 400 nm. However, in vitro study under blue LED light exposure does not show protective effects related with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress of UV/blue-filtering IOLs. CONCLUSIONS The current in vitro study suggest that UV/blue filtering IOLs are not useful in terms of photoprotection in artificial light conditions. The results obtained indicate that it is needed to give attention to other IOLs parameters besides the type of filter, as it seems they could have influence also protective role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Fernández-Vega Cueto
- University Institute Fernández Vega, Ophthalmologic Research Foundation, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Susana Del Olmo-Aguado
- University Institute Fernández Vega, Ophthalmologic Research Foundation, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis Fernández-Vega Cueto
- University Institute Fernández Vega, Ophthalmologic Research Foundation, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlota Suárez-Barrio
- University Institute Fernández Vega, Ophthalmologic Research Foundation, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - José F Alfonso
- Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Luis Fernández-Vega
- University Institute Fernández Vega, Ophthalmologic Research Foundation, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jesús Merayo-Lloves
- University Institute Fernández Vega, Ophthalmologic Research Foundation, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
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Madeira C, Godinho G, Vilares-Morgado R, Beato J, Pinheiro-Costa J, Carneiro Â, Falcão-Reis F, Falcão M. Long-term progression of geographic atrophy in age-related macular degeneration does the phakic status matter? Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 259:3711-3719. [PMID: 34169351 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-021-05255-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the long-term risk of geographic atrophy (GA) progression after cataract surgery. METHODS Subjects with GA secondary to AMD followed for at least 1 year with fundus autofluorescence imaging and with at least two visits at our centre were included. Patients with wet AMD, disciform scar, past history of intravitreal injections or laser treatment, other maculopathies and with poor quality images were excluded. GA area at baseline and at follow-up visit was measured. Three study groups were defined according to their phakic status: (A) pseudophakia, (B) phakic and (C) phacoemulsification surgery performed during the study. Differences of GA area progression were compared between these study groups. In addition, comparison between GA progression rate in group (C) before and after the surgery was performed. The enlargement rate (ER) was calculated for lesion size after transforming the measurements to the square-root scale. RESULTS A total of 92 eyes of 92 patients were enrolled. Median follow-up time was 4 [1-10] years. Regarding the eye's phakic status, 29 (31.5%) were pseudophakic and 63 (68.5%) were phakic; of these, 22 underwent phacoemulsification during the study. Overall, the median baseline and follow-up area of GA were 1.42 [0.04-32.10] mm2 and 6.48 [0.25-47.40] mm2, respectively. The ER was similar between phakic and pseudophakic eyes (0.18 [0.01-1.03] vs 0.15 [0.01-0.65] mm/year, p = 0.62). In patients that underwent cataract surgery during the study, the GA ER remained stable (0.13 [0.01-0.92] vs 0.14 [0.01-0.63] mm/year, p = 0.43). CONCLUSION These results suggest that cataract surgery does not increase the risk of pre-existing GA progression. Therefore, cataract surgery seems safe and a potential therapeutic weapon to improve visual acuity and consequently quality of life in GA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Madeira
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Gonçalo Godinho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Vilares-Morgado
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Beato
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Pinheiro-Costa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ângela Carneiro
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Falcão-Reis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Falcão
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Topete A, Barahona I, Santos LF, Pinto CA, Saraiva JA, Paula Serro A, Saramago B. The effects of addition of functional monomers and molecular imprinting on dual drug release from intraocular lens material. Int J Pharm 2021; 600:120513. [PMID: 33766642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although cataract surgery is considered a safe procedure, post-surgery complications such as endophthalmitis and ocular inflammation, may occur. To prevent this, antibiotics and anti-inflammatories are prescribed in the form of eye drops during the post-operatory period, but they lead to a low drug bioavailability in target tissues. The objective of this work is to develop an intraocular lens (IOL) material to deliver simultaneously one antibiotic, moxifloxacin (MXF), and one anti-inflammatory, diclofenac (DFN), in therapeutic concentrations to prevent both complications. The IOL material was modified through the incorporation of functional monomers, as well as molecular imprinting with both drugs using the same functional monomers, namely acrylic acid (AA), methacrylic acid (MAA), 4-vinylpiridine (4-VP) and a combination of MAA + 4-VP. The best results were obtained with MAA. Molecular imprinting did not influence the drug release, except with AA. Application of a mathematical model predicted that the released MXF and DFN concentrations would stay above the pre-determined MIC of S. aureus and S. epidermidis and the minimum values of IC50 of COX-1 and COX-2, for 9 and 14 days, respectively. Antibacterial tests showed that the released antibiotic remained active. The physical properties of the drug-loaded MAA-hydrogel remained adequate. The developed system proved to be non-irritant and non-cytotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Topete
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel Barahona
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Luís F Santos
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos A Pinto
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jorge A Saraiva
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Serro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Benilde Saramago
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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Baldasso M, Roy M, Boon MY, Dain SJ. Effect of blue-blocking lenses on colour discrimination. Clin Exp Optom 2021; 104:56-61. [PMID: 33090580 DOI: 10.1111/cxo.13139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Tinted lenses may adversely affect colour discrimination. Before recommending tinted lenses to patients, practitioners should bear in mind any effects on colour discrimination. The effects of 'blue-blocking' spectacle lenses with high luminous transmittance on colour vision is not a concern. BACKGROUND Blue-blocking lenses have been widely promoted by manufacturers and practitioners. The more blue-blocking lenses are known to affect colour vision significantly but there has been no study of the effects of 'blue-blocking' spectacle lenses. METHODS The transmittances of commercially available lenses were measured and the three lenses with the lowest blue light transmittance were selected. Subjects undertook the following computer-based colour vision tests: Colour Assessment and Diagnosis; the Cambridge Colour Test; and the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue Test. RESULTS Blue and luminous transmittances of lenses were documented. The reduction in blue transmittance varied from 12 to 40 per cent (two to 30 per cent compared with an untinted lens). The lenses were found to have no significant, statistical or possibly practical, effect on the results of the three colour vision tests (t-test, analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis). CONCLUSION The modest blue light transmittance reduction of the 'blue-blocking' spectacle lenses examined was not sufficient to have a statistically significant effect on colour vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Baldasso
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales , Sydney, Australia
| | - Maitreyee Roy
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales , Sydney, Australia
| | - Mei-Ying Boon
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales , Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen J Dain
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales , Sydney, Australia
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Filipe HP, Bozukova D, Pimenta A, Vieira AP, Oliveira AS, Galante R, Topete A, Masson M, Alves P, Coimbra P, Gil MH, Guiomar AJ, Mata J, Colaço R, Saramago B, Werner L, Mamalis N, Serro AP. Moxifloxacin-loaded acrylic intraocular lenses: In vitro and in vivo performance. J Cataract Refract Surg 2021; 45:1808-1817. [PMID: 31856994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the possibility of using acrylic intraocular lenses (IOLs) to ensure controlled and sustained release of moxifloxacin, an antibiotic commonly used for endophthalmitis prophylaxis after cataract surgery. SETTING Academic, industrial, and clinical partners from Portugal, Belgium, Iceland, and the United States. DESIGN Experimental study. METHODS The physical properties of IOLs loaded with moxifloxacin by soaking were characterized. In vitro drug-release studies were performed under hydrodynamic conditions similar to those of the eye, and the activity of the released drug was tested. In vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated, and the in vivo efficacy of the devices was assessed through rabbit experiments in which the effects of topical moxifloxacin drops (control) and moxifloxacin-loaded IOLs were compared. RESULTS The presence of moxifloxacin in the IOLs had little effect on the evaluated physical properties and did not induce cytotoxicity. In vitro drug release experiments showed that the IOLs provided controlled release of moxifloxacin for approximately 2 weeks. The drug remained active against the tested microorganisms during that period. Moxifloxacin-loaded IOLs and the control treatment induced similar in vivo behavior in terms of inflammatory reactions, capsular bag opacification scores, and uveal and capsule biocompatibility. The drug concentration in the aqueous humor after 1 week was similar in both groups; however, the concentration with the loaded IOLs was less variable. CONCLUSION The moxifloxacin-loaded IOLs released the drug in a controlled manner, providing therapeutic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena P Filipe
- Hospital das Forças Armadas, Polo de Lisboa-EMGFA, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Andreia Pimenta
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; IDMEC, Instituto de Engenharia Mecânica Instituto Superior Técnicon, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Vieira
- CIEPQPF, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Andreia Sofia Oliveira
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; IDMEC, Instituto de Engenharia Mecânica Instituto Superior Técnicon, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Raquel Galante
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; CIIEM, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Topete
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; CIIEM, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Már Masson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík
| | - Patrícia Alves
- CIEPQPF, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Coimbra
- CIEPQPF, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M Helena Gil
- CIEPQPF, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A Jorge Guiomar
- CIEPQPF, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Mata
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rogério Colaço
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; IDMEC, Instituto de Engenharia Mecânica Instituto Superior Técnicon, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Benilde Saramago
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Liliana Werner
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Nick Mamalis
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Ana Paula Serro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; CIIEM, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Caparica, Portugal.
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Topete A, Tang J, Ding X, Filipe HP, Saraiva JA, Serro AP, Lin Q, Saramago B. Dual drug delivery from hydrophobic and hydrophilic intraocular lenses: in-vitro and in-vivo studies. J Control Release 2020; 326:245-255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Comparison of the Ultraviolet Light Filtering across Different Intraocular Lenses. Optom Vis Sci 2019; 95:1129-1134. [PMID: 30451807 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000001309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE We have analyzed the ultraviolet transmittance of some commercial intraocular lenses (IOLs). The results show differences of wavelength cutoff among them. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to measure and compare the ultraviolet light transmittance of different IOLs made out of acrylic hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and hydrophilic with hydrophobic surface materials from different manufacturers. METHODS The spectral transmission curves of eight monofocal IOLs with the same dioptric power of +20.0 diopters were measured using a PerkinElmer Lambda 35 ultraviolet/visible spectrometer. Two IOLs of each type were tested three times. The ultraviolet cutoff wavelength at 10% transmission and the mean values were calculated. RESULTS All lenses prevented transmission of ultraviolet C (200 to 280 nm) and B radiation (280 to 315 nm). However, not all IOLs provided the same filtering properties in ultraviolet A (315 to 380 nm). Within the ultraviolet A range, the ultraviolet radiation cutoff wavelength of 10% ranges from approximately 360 to 400 nm. HOYA iSert 250 provided a cutoff wavelength of 398.4 nm; AcrySof SA60AT, 396.2 nm; AcrySof SA60WF, 395.7 nm; CT Asphina 404, 378.34 nm; Tecnis ZCB00, 377.70 nm; CT Lucia 607P, 379 nm; C-Flex 570C, 377 nm; and enVista MX60, 360 nm. CONCLUSIONS Intraocular lenses of different materials and manufacturers have different ultraviolet transmission characteristics. AcrySof (SA60AT and SA60WF) and HOYA iSert 250 provided the highest ultraviolet radiation transmission; the cutoff wavelength of 10% is close to 400 nm. In contrast, enVista IOL showed the lowest ultraviolet radiation cutoff.
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Riehle N, Thude S, Götz T, Kandelbauer A, Thanos S, Tovar GE, Lorenz G. Influence of PDMS molecular weight on transparency and mechanical properties of soft polysiloxane-urea-elastomers for intraocular lens application. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Dediashvili NG, Sheludchenko VM. [Spectral correction of vision and electrophysiological measurements of the eye]. Vestn Oftalmol 2018; 134:231-237. [PMID: 30499522 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma2018134051231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Spectral light filters - glasses and intraocular lenses - are widely used in ophthalmology and optometry. Light filters help increase vision clarity, contrast and quality in patients with ocular media opacities and other eye diseases. The article describes the types of light filters and the methods of their clinical application, and presents data on the influence of intra- and extraocular spectral correction on electrophysiological parameters of the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Dediashvili
- Research Institute of Eye Diseases, 11A Rossolimo St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119021
| | - V M Sheludchenko
- Research Institute of Eye Diseases, 11A Rossolimo St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119021
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Bullough JD, Bierman A, Rea MS. Evaluating the blue-light hazard from solid state lighting. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2017; 25:311-320. [DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2017.1375172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Bierman
- Lighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA
| | - Mark S. Rea
- Lighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA
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Artigas JM, García-Domene MC, Navea A, Botella P, Fernández E. Intra-ocular lens optical changes resulting from the loading of dexamethasone. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:4621-4628. [PMID: 29082089 PMCID: PMC5654804 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.004621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To study the optical changes on hydrogel-silicone intraocular lenses (IOLs) resulting from loading them with dexamethasone. We used prototype hydrogel(pHEMA)-silicone IOLs and loaded the matrices with an anti-inflammatory drug (dexamethasone). The optical properties we analyzed experimentally were a) modulation transfer function (MTF); b) spectral transmission; c) diopter power. These determinations were performed on drug-loaded IOLs, IOLs that had released the drug, and IOLs that had not been drug-loaded. Loading a hydrogel-silicone IOL with dexamethasone results in impairment of its optical qualities, in particular its MTF and spectral transmission, but not dioptric power. However, once the drug has been released, it almost recovers its initial optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Artigas
- Fisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Bifurcación Pío Baroja-General Avilés s/n, 46015 Valencia, Spain
- Depto de Óptica, Facultad de Física, Universitat de València, C/Dr Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain
| | - M. Carmen García-Domene
- Fisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Bifurcación Pío Baroja-General Avilés s/n, 46015 Valencia, Spain
- Depto de Óptica, Facultad de Física, Universitat de València, C/Dr Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain
| | - Amparo Navea
- Fisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Bifurcación Pío Baroja-General Avilés s/n, 46015 Valencia, Spain
- Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, Castellón, Spain
| | - Pablo Botella
- Instituto de Tecnología Química (ITQ), Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Fernández
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández and CIBER BBN, Elche, Spain
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16
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Pimenta AFR, Vieira AP, Colaço R, Saramago B, Gil MH, Coimbra P, Alves P, Bozukova D, Correia TR, Correia IJ, Guiomar AJ, Serro AP. Controlled release of moxifloxacin from intraocular lenses modified by Ar plasma-assisted grafting with AMPS or SBMA: An in vitro study. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 156:95-103. [PMID: 28531880 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Intraocular lenses (IOLs) present an alternative for extended, local drug delivery in the prevention of post-operative acute endophthalmitis. In the present work, we modified the surface of a hydrophilic acrylic material, used for manufacturing of IOLs, through plasma-assisted grafting copolymerization of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) or [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide (SBMA), with the aim of achieving a controlled and effective drug release. The material was loaded with moxifloxacin (MFX), a commonly used antibiotic for endophthalmitis prevention. The characterization of the modified material showed that relevant properties, like swelling capacity, wettability, refractive index and transmittance, were not affected by the surface modification. Concerning the drug release profiles, the most promising result was obtained when AMPS grafting was done in the presence of MFX. This modification led to a higher amount of drug being released for a longer period of time, which is a requirement for the prevention of endophthalmitis. The material was found to be non-cytotoxic for rabbit corneal endothelial cells. In a second step, prototype IOLs were modified with AMPS and loaded with MFX as previously and, after sterilization and storage (30days), they were tested under dynamic conditions, in a microfluidic cell with volume and renovation rate similar to the eye aqueous humour. MFX solutions collected in this assay were tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis and the released antibiotic proved to be effective against both bacteria until the 12th day of release.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F R Pimenta
- CQE, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; IDMEC, Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A P Vieira
- CIEPQPF, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - R Colaço
- IDMEC, Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - B Saramago
- CQE, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M H Gil
- CIEPQPF, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - P Coimbra
- CIEPQPF, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - P Alves
- CIEPQPF, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - T R Correia
- CICS, Departamento de Ciências Médicas, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - I J Correia
- CICS, Departamento de Ciências Médicas, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - A J Guiomar
- CIEPQPF, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A P Serro
- CQE, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; CIIEM, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz, Caparica, Portugal.
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Artigas JM, Navea A, García-Domene MC, Artigas C, Lanzagorta A. Photoprotection and photoreception of intraocular lenses under xenon and white LED illumination. J Fr Ophtalmol 2016; 39:421-7. [PMID: 27180649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the photoprotection and phototransmission that various intraocular lenses (IOLs) provide under the illumination of a xenon (Xe) lamp and white LEDs (light emitting diode). METHODS The spectral transmission curves of six representative IOLs were measured using a Perkin-Elmer Lambda 35 UV/VIS spectrometer. Various filtering simulations were performed using a Xe lamp and white LEDs. The spectral emissions of these lamps were measured with an ILT-950 spectroradiometer. RESULTS The IOLs analyzed primarily show transmission of nearly 100% in the visible spectrum. In the ultraviolet (UV) region, the filters incorporated in the various IOLs did not filter equally, and some of them let an appreciable amount of UV through. The Xe lamp presented a strong emission of ultraviolet A (UVA), and its emission under 300nm was not negligible. The white LED did not present an appreciable emission under 380nm. CONCLUSIONS The cut-off wavelength of most filters is between 380 and 400nm (Physiol Hydriol60C(®), IOLTECH E4T(®), Alcon SA60AT(®), Alcon IQ SN60WF(®)), so that their UV protection is very effective. Nonetheless, the IOL OPHTEC Oculaid(®) contains a filter that, when a Xe lamp is used, lets through up to 20% for 350nm and up to 15% for 300nm, which at this point is ultraviolet B (UVB). The OPHTEC(®) Artisan IOL has a transmission peak below 300nm, which must be taken into account under Xe illumination. White LEDs do not emit energy below 380nm, so no special protection is required in the UV region.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Artigas
- Fisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Valencia, Spain; Universidad de Valencia, Faculty of Physics, Department of Optics, C/Dr Moliner 50, E46100-Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - A Navea
- Fisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Valencia, Spain
| | - M C García-Domene
- Fisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Valencia, Spain; Universidad de Valencia, Faculty of Physics, Department of Optics, C/Dr Moliner 50, E46100-Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Artigas
- University Cardenal Herrera-CEU, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Lanzagorta
- Fisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Valencia, Spain
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18
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van Norren D, Vos JJ. Light damage to the retina: an historical approach. Eye (Lond) 2016; 30:169-72. [PMID: 26541088 PMCID: PMC4763118 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2015.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A brief review of retinal light damage is presented. Thermal damage requires a local rise in temperature of at least 10 °C, causing an instant denaturation of proteins. The primary absorber is melanin. Photochemical damage occurs at body temperature and involves cellular damage by reactive forms of oxygen. The photosensitizers are photoproducts of the visual pigments. First indications that non-thermal damage might exist, in particular in the case of eclipse blindness, was presented by Vos in 1962. Attribution thereof to photochemical action was presented in 1966 by Noell et al who also measured the first action spectrum, in rat. It turned out to be identical to the absorption spectrum of rhodopsin. However, in 1976 and 1982 Ham et al found a quite different spectrum in monkeys, peaking at short wavelengths. The latter spectrum, but not the former, was confirmed since in numerous publications with animal models including rat. In ophthalmological practice a 'sunburn' was at first the only complaint caused by light damage. To avoid this, patients with dilated pupils should always be advised to wear sunglasses. Since the invention of the laser accidents have been reported, the most recent development is youth playfully pointing a strong laser pen in their eyes with marked consequences. The operation microscope and endoilluminators should always be used as brief as possible to avoid photochemical damage. Arguments for implant lenses that block not only the UV but also part of the visible spectrum seem too weak to justify extra costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D van Norren
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- TNO Soesterberg, Soesterberg, The Netherlands
| | - J J Vos
- TNO Soesterberg, Soesterberg, The Netherlands
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19
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Ultraviolet or blue-filtering intraocular lenses: what is the evidence? Eye (Lond) 2016; 30:215-21. [PMID: 26742866 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2015.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cataract surgery was revolutionised by the introduction of modern intraocular lenses in the late 1940's. By the late 1960's to 1970's evidence had emerged that short-wavelength light caused phototoxicity at the retina and retinal pigment epithelium. By the early 1980's ultraviolet filters had been incorporated into intraocular lenses. This caused intense controversy, as there was concern that the UV-filtering chromophore might leach out into the eye causing toxicity. With the arrival of blue-filtering intraocular lenses (BFIOLs) in 1990's, a further debate was ignited as to their safety and potential disadvantages. Selecting the optimal performing intraocular lens to obtain the best visual performance with the fewest potential drawbacks has become complex and challenging for cataract surgeons and their patients with the wide choice of lenses available. Choosing a personalised lens to address astigmatism, presbyopia, spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, and potentially to shield the retina from short-wavelength light is now possible. The potential benefits and possible side effects of these different innovations emphasise the importance of assessing the evidence for their clinical utility, allowing the surgeon and the patient to weigh-up the risk benefit ratio and make an informed decision. The BFIOLs were developed to reduce cyanopsia, address chromatic aberration, and improve contrast sensitivity in different lighting conditions, as well as to prevent short-wavelength light reaching the retina thus potentially reducing the risk of developing age-related macular degeneration. Further design development of the BFIOLs was to mimic the natural crystalline lens absorption and transmittance properties in adulthood. Multiple publications have reported on the potential benefits and pitfalls of implanting a blue-filtering lens. The potential disadvantages raised in the literature over the last 25 years since their introduction, regarding compromise of visual function and disruption of the circadian system, have been largely dispelled. The clear benefits of protecting the retina from short-wavelength light make a BFIOLs a sensible choice. The purpose of this article presented at the Cambridge symposium 2015 is to review the literature on this subject.
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Artigas JM, Navea A, García-Domene MC, Gené A, Artigas C. Light transmission and ultraviolet protection of contact lenses under artificial illumination. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2015; 39:141-7. [PMID: 26483287 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the spectral transmission of contact lenses (CLs), with and without an ultraviolet (UV) filter to evaluate their capacity for protection under UV radiation from artificial illumination (incandescent, fluorescent, xenon (Xe) lamps, or white LEDs (light-emitting diode)). METHODS The transmission curves of nine soft CLs were obtained by using a PerkinElmer Lambda 35 UV-vis spectrophotometer. A CIE standard was used for the emission spectra of incandescent and fluorescent lamps, and Xe lamps and white LEDs were measured by using an International Light Technologies ILT-950 spectroradiometer. RESULTS Five of the nine soft CLs analysed state that they incorporate UV filters, but the other four do not specify anything in this regard. The spectral transmission of all the CLs studied is excellent in the visible region. The CLs with UV filters filter out this radiation more or less effectively. Xe lamps emit a part in the UV region. Incandescent, fluorescent and white LEDs do not emit at all in the UV. CONCLUSIONS Incorporating UV filters is important when the illumination is from a Xe lamp since this light source emits in the UV region. This, however, does not occur with incandescent and fluorescent lamps or white LEDs. The CLs that do incorporate UV filters meet all the standard requirements that the U.S. FDA (Food and Drug Administration) has for UV-blocking CLs Class II (OcularScience, CooperVision and Neolens), and AcuvueMoist and HydronActifresh400 even comply with the stricter Class I. The CLs without UV filters let UVA, UVB and even some UVC through.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Artigas
- Depto de Óptica Facultad de Física. Universitat de València. C/Dr Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; Fisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Bifurcación Pío Baroja-General Avilés s/n., 46015 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Amparo Navea
- Fisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Bifurcación Pío Baroja-General Avilés s/n., 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - M Carmen García-Domene
- Fisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Bifurcación Pío Baroja-General Avilés s/n., 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrés Gené
- Depto de Óptica Facultad de Física. Universitat de València. C/Dr Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Artigas
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
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21
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Chan CM, Huang CH, Li HJ, Hsiao CY, Su CC, Lee PL, Hung CF. Protective effects of resveratrol against UVA-induced damage in ARPE19 cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:5789-802. [PMID: 25775159 PMCID: PMC4394506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16035789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation, especially UVA, can penetrate the lens, reach the retina, and induce oxidative stress to retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Even though it is weakly absorbed by protein and DNA, it may trigger the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and generate oxidative injury; oxidative injury to the retinal pigment epithelium has been implicated to play a contributory role in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Studies showed that resveratrol, an abundant and active component of red grapes, can protect several cell types from oxidative stress. In this study, adult RPE cells being treated with different concentrations of resveratrol were used to evaluate the protective effect of resveratrol on RPE cells against UVA-induced damage. Cell viability assay showed that resveratrol reduced the UVA-induced decrease in RPE cell viability. Through flow cytometry analysis, we found that the generation of intracellular H2O2 induced by UVA irradiation in RPE cells could be suppressed by resveratrol in a concentration-dependent manner. Results of Western blot analysis demonstrated that resveratrol lowered the activation of UVA-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-jun-NH2 terminal kinase and p38 kinase in RPE cells. In addition, there was also a reduction in UVA-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in RPE cells pretreated with resveratrol. Our observations suggest that resveratrol is effective in preventing RPE cells from being damaged by UVA radiation, and is worth considering for further development as a chemoprotective agent for the prevention of early AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ming Chan
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Hsiendian, New Taipei City 23148, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Hua Huang
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10630, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Ju Li
- Department of Chemstry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Yu Hsiao
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan.
- Research center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Chieh Su
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Hsiendian, New Taipei City 23148, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Lan Lee
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
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Artigas JM, Felipe A, Navea A, García-Domene MC, Pons Á, Mataix J. Determination of scattering in intraocular lenses by spectrophotometric measurements. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2014; 19:127006. [PMID: 25539187 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.19.12.127006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a method for measuring scattering in explanted intraocular lenses (IOLs). Currently, determining scattering in IOLs is usually performed by Scheimpflug cameras and the results are expressed in the units used by this apparatus. The method we propose uses a spectrophotometer and this makes it possible to measure the total transmission of the IOL by using an integrating sphere; the direct transmission is determined by the double-beam mode. The difference between these two transmissions gives a value of the scattering in percentage values of light lost. In addition, by obtaining the spectral transmission curve, information about the most scattered wavelengths is also obtained. The IOL power introduces errors when directly measured, particularly with high powers. This problem can be overcome if a tailor-made cuvette is used that shortens the distance between the IOL and the condensing lens of the spectrophotometer when the IOL powers are below 24 diopters. We checked the effectiveness of this method by measuring the scattering of three explanted IOLs from cornea donors. This method, however, does not make it possible to ascertain whether the scattering measured is caused by surface light scattering or internal light scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Artigas
- Universidad de Valencia, Faculty of Physics, Optics Department, C/Dr. Moliner, 50 E46100, Burjassot, Valencia, SpainbFisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Bifurcación Pío Baroja-General Avilés, s/n E46015-Valencia, Spain
| | - Adelina Felipe
- Universidad de Valencia, Faculty of Physics, Optics Department, C/Dr. Moliner, 50 E46100, Burjassot, Valencia, SpainbFisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Bifurcación Pío Baroja-General Avilés, s/n E46015-Valencia, Spain
| | - Amparo Navea
- Fisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Bifurcación Pío Baroja-General Avilés, s/n E46015-Valencia, Spain
| | - M Carmen García-Domene
- Universidad de Valencia, Faculty of Physics, Optics Department, C/Dr. Moliner, 50 E46100, Burjassot, Valencia, SpainbFisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Bifurcación Pío Baroja-General Avilés, s/n E46015-Valencia, Spain
| | - Álvaro Pons
- Universidad de Valencia, Faculty of Physics, Optics Department, C/Dr. Moliner, 50 E46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jorge Mataix
- Fisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Bifurcación Pío Baroja-General Avilés, s/n E46015-Valencia, Spain
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Artigas C, Navea A, López-Murcia MM, Felipe A, Desco C, Artigas JM. Spectral transmission of the pig lens: effect of ultraviolet A+B radiation. J Fr Ophtalmol 2014; 37:773-9. [PMID: 25280767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the spectral transmission curve of the crystalline lens of the pig. To analyse how this curve changes when the crystalline lens is irradiated with ultraviolet A+B radiation similar to that of the sun. To compare these results with literature data from the human crystalline lens. PROCEDURES We used crystalline lenses of the common pig from a slaughterhouse, i.e. genetically similar pigs, fed with the same diet, and slaughtered at six months old. Spectral transmission was measured with a Perkin-Elmer Lambda 35 UV/VIS spectrometer. The lenses were irradiated using an Asahi Spectra Lax-C100 ultraviolet source, which made it possible to select the spectral emission band as well as the intensity and exposure time. RESULTS The pig lens transmits all the visible spectrum (95%) and lets part of the ultraviolet A through (15%). Exposure to acute UV (A+B) irradiation causes a decrease in its transmission as the intensity or exposure time increases: this decrease is considerable in the UV region. CONCLUSIONS We were able to determine the mean spectral transmission curve of the pig lens. It appears to be similar to that of the human lens in the visible spectrum, but different in the ultraviolet. Pig lens transmission is reduced by UV (A+B) irradiation and its transmission in the UV region can even disappear as the intensity or exposure time increases. An adequate exposure intensity and time of UV (A+B) radiation always causes an anterior subcapsular cataract (ASC).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Artigas
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, Avda Seminario s/n, 46113 Moncada (Valencia), Spain
| | - A Navea
- Fisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Bifurcación Pío Baroja-General Avilés, s/n, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - M-M López-Murcia
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, Avda Seminario s/n, 46113 Moncada (Valencia), Spain
| | - A Felipe
- Departamento de Óptica, Facultad de Física, Universidad de valencia, C/Dr Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain; Fisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Bifurcación Pío Baroja-General Avilés, s/n, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - C Desco
- Fisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Bifurcación Pío Baroja-General Avilés, s/n, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - J-M Artigas
- Fisabio Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Bifurcación Pío Baroja-General Avilés, s/n, 46015 Valencia, Spain; Departamento de Óptica, Facultad de Física, Universidad de valencia, C/Dr Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain.
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Nilforushan N, Parsamanesh M, Yu F, Nassiri N, Miraftabi A, Coleman AL. Effect of yellow-tinted intraocular lens on standard automated perimetry and short wavelength automated perimetry in patients with glaucoma. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2014; 21:216-9. [PMID: 25100904 PMCID: PMC4123272 DOI: 10.4103/0974-9233.134671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the effect of cataract surgery and yellow-tinted intraocular lens (IOLs) implantation on perimetry indices of short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP) and standard automated perimetry (SAP) testing in patients with coexisting cataract and glaucoma. Materials and Methods: In this prospective comparative case series, phacoemulsification with implantation of yellow-tinted Acrysof Natural IOL was performed in 16 eyes of 16 patients with visually significant cataract (best-corrected visual acuity (VA) better than 20/120) and mild to moderate glaucoma. Pre- and postoperative values for VA and for perimetry indices including mean deviation (MD), pattern standard deviation (PSD), and foveal threshold (FT) from both SAP and SWAP testing were compared. Results: Postoperative VA improved significantly after cataract surgery and yellow-tinted IOL implantation (P < 0.001). After cataract extraction and IOL implantation, MD and FT on SWAP testing improved significantly (P = 0.001); however, there was no statistically significant change with SAP testing between the pre- and postoperative perimetry indices. There was no statistically significant change in PSD with either SAP or SWAP testing postoperatively. The differences between pre- and postoperative values for all perimetry indices under study were not significant when comparing SAP with SWAP tests, except for MD which had improved statistically significantly in SWAP testing (P = 0.03). Conclusions: In mild to moderate glaucoma patients with cataracts, the perimetry indices of SWAP testing improved after phacoemulsification and yellow-tinted IOL implantation. This suggests that the yellow-tinted IOLs have less effect on SWAP testing than visually significant cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Nilforushan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmic Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Parsamanesh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmic Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fei Yu
- Glaucoma Division, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Nariman Nassiri
- Glaucoma Division, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Arezoo Miraftabi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmic Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anne L Coleman
- Glaucoma Division, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
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Packer M. Multifocal intraocular lens technology: biomaterial, optical design and review of clinical outcomes. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/eop.11.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Contrast sensitivity and color perception with orange and yellow intraocular lenses. Eur J Ophthalmol 2012; 22:769-75. [PMID: 22287168 DOI: 10.5301/ejo.5000112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate contrast sensitivity function (CSF) and color vision after implantation of either orange or yellow-tinted intraocular lenses (IOLs). METHODS Fifty-six eyes of 28 cataract patients who had bilateral implantation of orange-tinted (PC440Y Orange, Ophtec), yellow-tinted (AcrySof Natural SN60AT, Alcon), or clear (AcrySof SA60AT, Alcon) IOLs were examined. Six months postoperatively, monocular CSF under photopic and mesopic (with and without glare) conditions were measured using the Functional Visual Analyzer. Color discrimination was determined with the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue test. RESULTS Patients implanted with orange-tinted, yellow-tinted, or clear IOLs displayed similar CSF values, with no statistically significant differences at any spatial frequency (p>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in chromatic discrimination among the 3 groups of patients (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Orange or yellow blue-filtering IOL implantation is comparable to a clear IOL in terms of photopic and mesopic contrast sensitivity or color discrimination.
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Artigas JM, Felipe A, Navea A, Artigas C, Menezo JL. Ultraviolet radiation at Mediterranean latitudes and protection efficacy of intraocular lenses. J Fr Ophtalmol 2012. [PMID: 23201342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2012.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE After determining the mean intensity of ultraviolet radiation to which the human eye is exposed at Mediterranean latitudes, this data is used to evaluate the efficacy of the ultraviolet filters incorporated into various intraocular lenses. METHODS Ultraviolet radiation measured at Mediterranean latitudes was used as a reference for the theoretical calculation of the amount of radiation to which the human eye is exposed. The spectral transmission curve from 290 to 380 nm was measured for 10 IOLs using a UV/VIS Perkins-Elmer Lambda 800 spectrometer. RESULTS At Mediterranean latitudes, at sea level, with a mean annual solar irradiation of 50 j/cm(2), the human eye receives a quantity of UVA and UVB that is lower than the threshold toxic dose for the rabbit crystalline lens (93 j/cm(2) for UVA and 6.45 j/cm(2) for UVB). However, at higher altitudes and with albedo approaching 0.9 (fresh snow), the amount of radiation increases, with duration of exposure potentially playing a significant role. The UV filters incorporated into the IOLs studied are, in general, protective against such levels of radiation. CONCLUSION At Mediterranean latitudes, at sea level, the amount of UV radiation to which our eyes are exposed is insufficient to damage the crystalline lens; however, at higher altitudes, the risk of such damage exists. UV filters incorporated into intraocular lenses are generally effective, since they filter all radiation with wavelengths under 380 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Artigas
- Fundación oftalmológica del Mediterráneo (FOM), bifurcación Pío Baroja-General Avilés, s/n. E46015 Valencia, Spain.
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Bababeygy SR, Sadun AA. Are melanopsin cells blocked by filtering IOLs? Int Ophthalmol 2012; 33:327-8. [PMID: 23129502 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-012-9661-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon R Bababeygy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Doheny Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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Schmack I, Schimpf M, Stolzenberg A, Conrad-Hengerer I, Hengerer FH, Dick BH. Visual quality assessment in patients with orange-tinted blue light–filtering and clear ultraviolet light–filtering intraocular lenses. J Cataract Refract Surg 2012; 38:823-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2011.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Tanito M, Okuno T, Ishiba Y, Ohira A. Measurements of transmission spectrums and estimation of retinal blue-light irradiance values of currently available clear and yellow-tinted intraocular lenses. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2011; 56:82-90. [PMID: 22094397 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-011-0100-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the spectral transmission characteristics of currently available, foldable, clear and yellow-tinted intraocular lenses (IOLs), and evaluate the protective effects they provide against retinal damage by sunlight. METHODS We measured the spectral transmittance in the wavelength range of 300-800 nm using a spectrophotometer for 63 IOLs including three clear IOLs (N4-18B, Nidek; X-60, Santen; KS-3Ai, Staar Japan) and four yellow-tinted IOLs (N4-18YG, Nidek; NX-60, Santen; KS-AiN, Staar Japan; NM-1, Hoya) with three different lens powers. The blue-light irradiance (BLI) values through the IOLs were calculated as the retinal hazard index for sungazing. The data from three clear IOLs (SA60AT, Alcon Japan; VA-60BBR, Hoya; AU6K, Kowa) and three yellow-tinted IOLs (SN60AT, Alcon Japan; YA-60BBR, Hoya; AU6N, Kowa) reported previously were also discussed. RESULTS Except for the X-60, the clear IOLs completely absorbed ultraviolet (UV) light and nearly completely transmitted visible light at wavelengths longer than 440 nm. Yellow-tinted IOLs absorbed more in the blue-light range (400-500 nm) than clear IOLs. All IOLs had lower BLI values than aphakic eyes, and all yellow-tinted IOLs had lower BLI values than phakic eyes. The BLI values of the NX-60, KS-AiN, NM-1, SN60AT and YA-60BBR IOLs decreased with the increase in lens power. CONCLUSIONS Compared to aphakic eyes, currently available UV-blocking clear and yellow-tinted IOLs reduce the BLI values by 43-82%. However, the data presented in this study are not directly applicable to humans implanted with IOLs or for the use of IOLs in a clinical situation, since in those cases the balance between photoprotection and photoreception must be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Tanito
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Enya 89-1, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.
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Pagnoulle C, Christophe P, Bozukova D, Dimitriya B, Gobin L, Laure G. Transmittance Curve of an IOL. Ophthalmology 2011; 118:2309-2309.e1; author reply 2309-10. [PMID: 22047901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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Artigas JM, Felipe A. Author reply. Ophthalmology 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Blue-Blocking IOLs vs. Short-Wavelength Visible Light: Hypothesis-Based vs. Evidence-Based Medical Practice. Ophthalmology 2011; 118:1-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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