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Huang J, Zheng Q, Nie K, Wei H, Liu L. Association between Gestational Age, Birth Weight, Parental Age at Childbirth, Mode of Delivery, and Infantile Esotropia. Optom Vis Sci 2022; 99:794-799. [PMID: 36413631 PMCID: PMC9704814 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000001952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE This study investigated the potential perinatal risk factors associated with infantile esotropia in a Chinese population, including advanced parental age at childbirth and mode of delivery. The findings may be significant in developing better intervention strategies for infantile esotropia. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the associations between gestational age, birth weight, parental age at childbirth, mode of delivery, family history of strabismus, and infantile esotropia in the Chinese population. METHODS Ninety-nine patients with infantile esotropia and 117 control subjects were enrolled between March 2018 and March 2021. Detailed questionnaires were administered to parents to collect relevant information. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify possible risk factors of infantile esotropia. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. RESULTS Infantile esotropia was associated with low birth weight (<2500 g; OR, 4.235; 95% CI, 1.460 to 12.287; P = .008) and emergency cesarean delivery (OR, 2.230; 95% CI, 1.127 to 4.413; P = .02). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that low birth weight and emergency cesarean deliveries are risk factors for infantile esotropia, highlighting a need for collaborative care between obstetricians, pediatricians, and vision care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Huang
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianwen Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Kailai Nie
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longqian Liu
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Lajmi H, El Fekih L, Khlifi K, Hmaied W. Infantile Esoropia: Management results and prognostic factors. LA TUNISIE MEDICALE 2021; 99:1180-1187. [PMID: 35288925 PMCID: PMC8974416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infantile esotropia is characterized by a significant deviation angle and a marked sensory perversion. Although the motor surgical results are satisfactory, the sensory results remain disappointing. AIM Our work aims to describe the methods of surgical management, its motor and sensory results as well as its prognostic factors. METHODS Retrospective study of 68 cases of infantile esotropia. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination and sensorimotor assessment. They were operated on, under general anesthesia, by the same surgeon. We assessed the motor and sensory results. The prognostic factors studied were age of onset, treatment delay, amblyopia severity, strabismus deviation angle, and presence of a vertical element. RESULTS The mean minimum angle of deflection was 38.6 ± 13.2D. Inferior oblique muscle hyper action was noted in 73.5% and a dissociated vertical deviation in 5.8%. Bilateral medial rectus muscle recession was the most performed surgery (60.2% of cases). The overall success rate was 94.11%. No patient acquired stereoscopic vision. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative nail (p = 0.007), immediate postoperative outcome (p <0.001) and surgical dosage (p = 0.009) were associated with long-term motor success. CONCLUSION The motor results of early esotropia surgery are generally satisfactory; the sensory results are often disappointing. Detecting poor prognostic factors improves operative results.
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O’Connor AB, O’Brien LM, Rifai T, Ballem G, Housman S, Devore N, Schumacher-Feero L. Ocular disorders in children exposed in utero to buprenorphine. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2021.1879293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alane B. O’Connor
- Dartmouth Medical School, Maine Dartmouth Family Medicine Residency, Waterville, Maine, USA
- Perinatal Addiction Medicine, Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA
| | - Liam M. O’Brien
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Colby College, College of Graduate and Professional Studies, University of New England, Waterville, Maine, USA
| | - Taunia Rifai
- Department of Family Medicine, Maine Dartmouth Family Medicine Residency, Waterville, Maine, USA
| | - Georgia Ballem
- Department of Family Medicine, Maine Dartmouth Family Medicine Residency, Waterville, Maine, USA
| | - Sarah Housman
- Department of Family Medicine, Maine Dartmouth Family Medicine Residency, Waterville, Maine, USA
| | - Nathan Devore
- Department of Family Medicine, Maine Dartmouth Family Medicine Residency, Waterville, Maine, USA
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Gallo FG, Plaitano C, Esposito Veneruso P, Magli A. Long-Term Effects of Botulinum Toxin in Large-Angle Infantile Esotropia. Clin Ophthalmol 2020; 14:3399-3402. [PMID: 33116391 PMCID: PMC7584504 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s266652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study is the motor outcome analysis of early Botulinum toxin (BT) treatment in patients affected by large-angle infantile esotropia (IE). Patients and Methods Retrospective analysis of 130 medical charts of IE patients who underwent BT injections between 2004 and 2019 was performed. All patients underwent BT injections within 13 months of age. Results Thirty patients, matching the inclusion criteria, were included in the study. Twenty-eight patients showing residual ET ≥25 PD (34.3±6.6 PD ranged from 25 to 50) underwent surgery. Conclusion Our result after 1 Botulinum toxin injection showed a very low success rate (6.7%) at last follow-up (28.3±7.2 months). Our data would suggest one Botulinum toxin injection in children affected by large-angle infantile esotropia allows a significant reduction of deviation but does not avoid the need for surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmen Plaitano
- Department of Ophthalmology, A.O.U. San Giovanni Di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona-Scuola Medica Salernitana, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Adriano Magli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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Yang Y, Wang C, Gan Y, Jiang H, Fu W, Cao S, Lu Z. Maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of strabismus in offspring: a meta-analysis. Acta Ophthalmol 2019; 97:353-363. [PMID: 30402966 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on strabismus in offspring remains unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis to summarize epidemiological evidences on the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of offspring strabismus. Eligible studies were searched from the PubMed, Ovid, Embase and CNKI databases up to May 2018. The qualities of included articles were assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the assessment scale recommended by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Odds ratios (ORs) corresponding with its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled to estimate the effects of maternal cigarette smoking on the risk of offspring strabismus. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were performed to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity. The Begg's test and Egger's test were used to assess the publication bias. Eleven articles involving 4,833 patients with strabismus were included. The pooled OR showed that maternal smoking during pregnancy was significantly associated with strabismus in offspring (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.32-1.60). Compared with less than 10 cigarettes per day (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.06-1.29), maternal smoking 10 cigarettes or more per day during pregnancy significantly increased the risk of offspring strabismus (OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.39-2.31). The risk of developing esotropia and exotropia for smoking pregnant women, respectively, increased by 65% (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.31-2.09 and OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.24-2.19) than those who did not smoke during pregnancy. Additionally, the increased risk of maternity smoking associated with offspring strabismus was stable across all subgroup analyses. Overall, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with a significantly increased risk of offspring strabismus and the result was persistent in subgroup analyses, suggesting the importance in changing smoking habit or smoking cessation for women who are pregnant or preparing to.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudi Yang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yong Gan
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Heng Jiang
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research School of Psychology and Public Health La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Centre for Health Equity Melbourne School of Population and Global Health the University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Wenning Fu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Shiyi Cao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Zuxun Lu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
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Horwood AM, Toor SS, Riddell PM. Convergence and Accommodation Development Is Preprogrammed in Premature Infants. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2015; 56:5370-80. [PMID: 26275135 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.14-15358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated whether vergence and accommodation development in preterm infants is preprogrammed or is driven by experience. METHODS Thirty-two healthy infants, born at mean 34 weeks gestation (range, 31.2-36 weeks), were compared with 45 healthy full-term infants (mean 40.0 weeks) over a 6-month period, starting at 4 to 6 weeks postnatally. Simultaneous accommodation and convergence to a detailed target were measured using a Plusoptix PowerRefII infrared photorefractor as a target moved between 0.33 and 2 m. Stimulus/response gains and responses at 0.33 and 2 m were compared by both corrected (gestational) age and chronological (postnatal) age. RESULTS When compared by their corrected age, preterm and full-term infants showed few significant differences in vergence and accommodation responses after 6 to 7 weeks of age. However, when compared by chronological age, preterm infants' responses were more variable, with significantly reduced vergence gains, reduced vergence response at 0.33 m, reduced accommodation gain, and increased accommodation at 2 m compared to full-term infants between 8 and 13 weeks after birth. CONCLUSIONS When matched by corrected age, vergence and accommodation in preterm infants show few differences from full-term infants' responses. Maturation appears preprogrammed and is not advanced by visual experience. Longer periods of immature visual responses might leave preterm infants more at risk of development of oculomotor deficits such as strabismus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Horwood
- Infant Vision Laboratory School of Psychology & Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom 2Orthoptic Department, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Sonia S Toor
- Infant Vision Laboratory School of Psychology & Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia M Riddell
- Infant Vision Laboratory School of Psychology & Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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Torp-Pedersen T, Boyd HA, Poulsen G, Haargaard B, Wohlfahrt J, Holmes JM, Melbye M. Perinatal risk factors for strabismus. Int J Epidemiol 2010; 39:1229-39. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyq092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Louwagie CR, Diehl NN, Greenberg AE, Mohney BG. Is the incidence of infantile esotropia declining?: a population-based study from Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1965 to 1994. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 127:200-3. [PMID: 19204240 DOI: 10.1001/archophthalmol.2008.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence of infantile esotropia from a defined population in the United States over a 30-year period. Recent reports from the United Kingdom have suggested that strabismus or strabismus surgery is occurring less frequently today than in previous years. METHODS The medical records of all patients diagnosed with infantile esotropia within Olmsted County, Minnesota, from January 1, 1965, through December 31, 1994, were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS The birth prevalence of infantile esotropia during the 30-year period was 25 (95% confidence interval, 21-29) per 10 000, or 1 in 403 live births. Although there were slightly more cases of infantile esotropia in the earlier years (45 from 1965-1974, 51 from 1975-1984, and 34 from 1985-1994), the change in incidence over time was not statistically significant (P = .32). The mean number of surgeries performed on each patient in this cohort was similar during the 30-year study: 1.8 for those diagnosed from 1965 to 1974, 1.9 for 1975 to 1984, and 1.6 for 1985 to 1994. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of infantile esotropia in this population has not significantly changed from 1965 through 1994. Moreover, the rate of surgical intervention over these years is similar for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis R Louwagie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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