1
|
Mu J, Zhang Z, Wu X, Chen S, Geng H, Duan J. Refraction and ocular biometric parameters in 3-to 6-year-old preschool children : a large-scale population-based study in Chengdu, China. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:207. [PMID: 38711043 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03467-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand the ocular biometric parameters characteristics and refractive errors in 3-to 6-year-old preschool children in Chengdu, China, and to investigate the prevalence of refractive errors. METHOD A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Chengdu from 2020 to2022 with a total of 666 kindergartens. All children were measured by non-cycloplegic autorefraction and uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and ocular biometric parameters. Finally, univariate linear regression models were used to analyze the relationship between ocular biometric parameters and refraction. RESULTS A total of 108,578 preschool children aged 3-6 underwent examinations, revealing a myopia prevalence of 6.1%. The mean axial length (AL), keratometry (K), corneal radius (CR), axial length/corneal radius (AL/CR) Ratio, central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), and vitreous chamber depth (VCD) were 22.35 ± 0.69 mm, 43.35 ± 1.58 D, 7.80 ± 0.28 mm, 2.87 ± 0.08, 533.31 ± 32.51 μm, 2.70 ± 0.28 mm, 3.91 ± 0.27 mm, and 15.20 ± 0.68 mm, respectively. With increasing age, AL, CR, AL/CR ratio, CCT, ACD, LT, and VCD also increased. Regardless of age, males consistently exhibited longer AL, flatter corneal curvature, shallower ACD, thicker CCT, thinner LT, and longer VCD compared to females. AL, K, CR, LT, and VCD all showed significant linear relationships with SE (all P < 0.001) in univariate linear regression analysis after adjusting for gender and age. CONCLUSION The prevalence of myopia among preschool children aged 3-6 in Chengdu is relatively low. Ocular biometric parameters affecting refractive errors include AL, K, CR, LT, and VCD. The preschool period serves as a critical phase for myopia prevention and control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Mu
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Ophthalmopathy Prevention & Cure and Visual Function Protection with TCM Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Retinal Image Technology and Chronic Vascular Disease Prevention & Control and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Xiaoxiao Wu
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Ophthalmopathy Prevention & Cure and Visual Function Protection with TCM Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Ophthalmopathy Prevention & Cure and Visual Function Protection with TCM Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Retinal Image Technology and Chronic Vascular Disease Prevention & Control and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haoming Geng
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Ophthalmopathy Prevention & Cure and Visual Function Protection with TCM Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junguo Duan
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Ophthalmopathy Prevention & Cure and Visual Function Protection with TCM Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Retinal Image Technology and Chronic Vascular Disease Prevention & Control and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Syed Mohd Dardin SF, Mohd-Ali B, Mohamad Shahimin M, Mohd Saman MN, Mohidin N. Corneal Characteristics of Myopic Malay School Children and Their Association with Axial Length. CLINICAL OPTOMETRY 2024; 16:107-114. [PMID: 38596476 PMCID: PMC11001563 DOI: 10.2147/opto.s431608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Corneal characteristics are unique to each eye and can vary among different levels of refractive errors. However, minimal data are available in the literature on corneal characteristics in myopic Malay school children including the difference between the low myopic group and the moderate myopic group. Therefore, this study aims to determine the corneal characteristics of myopic Malay school children and their associations with axial length. Methods A total of eighty-four data samples were extracted from forty-two myopic Malay school children. Measurements of the central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal curvature, corneal diameter, and axial length were measured using Lenstar LS900, a non-contact optical biometer. Data were later stratified by the spherical equivalent refraction (SER) into a low myopic group and a moderate myopic group, and paired t-test were employed to determine the differences in the corneal characteristics between these two groups. Univariate and multivariate linear regressions were performed to identify factors that are significantly associated with axial length. Results There was no significant difference in the CCT, corneal curvature and corneal diameter between the low myopic group and the moderate myopic group (t82=0.015, P=0.99), (t82=-0.802, P=0.43) and (t82=-0.575, P=0.57), respectively. Pearson univariate correlation analysis found that axial length significantly correlated with corneal curvature (r=-0.765, P<0.001) and corneal diameter (r=0.614, P<0.001) but no significant correlation found with CCT (r=0.046, P=0.68). Multiple regression analysis showed that axial length was significantly associated with a flatter corneal curvature (P<0.001), older age (P<0.001) and larger corneal diameter (P=0.02). Conclusion This study reported the corneal characteristics in myopic Malay school children and its associations with axial length. Results of this study can serve as a reference value for the myopic Malay schoolchild population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syarifah Faiza Syed Mohd Dardin
- Optometry & Vision Science Program and Research Centre for Community Health (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Optometry Service, Allied Health Science Division, Medical Programme, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Bariah Mohd-Ali
- Optometry & Vision Science Program and Research Centre for Community Health (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mizhanim Mohamad Shahimin
- Optometry & Vision Science Program and Research Centre for Community Health (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Norhafizun Mohd Saman
- Optometry & Vision Science Program and Research Centre for Community Health (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norhani Mohidin
- Optometry & Vision Science Program and Research Centre for Community Health (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Antonov AA, Volzhanin AV, Klinicheva EA, Karpilova MA. [Influence of corneal curvature and peripheral thickness on tonometry readings]. Vestn Oftalmol 2024; 140:43-50. [PMID: 38739130 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma202414002243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigates the influence of peripheral corneal thickness (PCT) and its curvature on tonometry readings. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 49 patients (49 eyes) who were indicated for glaucoma surgery. Using bidirectional applanation tonometry, the following parameters were obtained: IOPcc, IOPg - intraocular pressure (IOP) corrected for corneal compensation, taken as the most reliable indicator; IOP converted to Goldmann measurement, taken as the result of applanation tonometry, ΔIOP (IOPcc-IOPg), CH and CRF (corneal hysteresis and corneal resistance factor). During corneal topography, the corneal thickness was studied in the center, PCT at 1.5; 2, 3, 4 and 5 mm from the center in four meridians, as well as ΔPCT (PCT 3 mm - PCT 1.5 mm), the curvature of the anterior and posterior surfaces of the cornea and the depth of the anterior chamber. Aberrometry was used to obtain refractometry data and the curvature of the anterior surface of the cornea. The influence of the studied parameters on ΔIOP was evaluated. RESULTS ΔIOP correlated with CRF (r= -0.652), CH (r= -0.873), central corneal thickness (r= -0.293), PCT at all distances except 5 mm (r= -0.297; -0.287; -0.302; -0.303), with the strong and weak meridians of the anterior surface of the cornea (r=0.328; r=0.315), with the strong and weak meridians of the posterior surface, as well as the average curvature of the posterior surface (r=0.307; r=0.332; r=0.328). After step-by-step selection of the above parameters for creating a linear regression model for ΔIOP calculation, CH, CRF and PCT1.5mm remained in the model. The model describes ΔIOP with high accuracy (R2=0.974). CONCLUSION Biomechanical parameters of the cornea are the leading factor of applanation tonometry error. Individual linear dimensions of the cornea (thickness, curvature) have a lesser effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Antonov
- Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Volzhanin
- Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Klinicheva
- Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Karpilova
- Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Z, Mu J, Wei J, Geng H, Liu C, Yi W, Sun Y, Duan J. Correlation between refractive errors and ocular biometric parameters in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:472. [PMID: 37990308 PMCID: PMC10662558 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03222-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Refractive errors are one of the most common ocular conditions among children and adolescents, with myopia showing an increasing prevalence and early onset in this population. Recent studies have identified a correlation between refractive errors and ocular biometric parameters. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Medline from January 1, 2012, to May 1, 2023. Various ocular biometric parameters were summarized under different refractive states, including axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), corneal curvature (CC), Corneal curvature radius (CR),axial length-to-corneal radius ratio (AL/CR ratio), choroidal thickness (ChT), retinal thickness (RT), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL), and retinal blood density (VD). The differences in these parameters among different refractive states were analyzed using Stata software with fixed or random-effects models, taking into account the assessed heterogeneity level. RESULTS This meta-analysis included a total of 69 studies involving 128,178 eyes, including 48,795 emmetropic eyes, 60,691 myopic eyes, 13,983 hyperopic eyes, 2,040 low myopic eyes, 1,201 moderate myopic eyes, and 1,468 high myopic eyes. The results of our study demonstrated that, compared to the control group (emmetropic group), the myopic group and low, moderate, and high myopic groups showed significant increases in AL, AL/CR ratio, and ACD, while the hyperopic group exhibited significant decreases. Compared to the control group, the myopic group had a significantly increase for CC, while CR, CCT, perifoveal RT, subfoveal ChT, foveal ChT, parafoveal ChT, perifoveal (except nasal) ChT, and pRNFL (except temporal) significantly decreased. Compared to the control group, the hyperopic group had a significantly increase for subfoveal ChT, foveal ChT, parafoveal ChT, perifoveal ChT, and nasal pRNFL. Compared to the control group, the low and moderate myopic groups had a significantly decreases for the CCT, parafoveal RT (except nasal), perifoveal RT (except nasal), and pRNFL (except superior and temporal). Compared to the control group, the high myopic group had a significantly increase for CR, while LT, perifoveal ChT (except nasal), parafoveal RT, perifoveal RT, and pRNFL (except temporal) had significant decreased. CONCLUSION The changes of ocular biometric parameters in children and adolescents are closely related to refractive errors. Ocular biometric parameters devices, as effective non-invasive techniques, provide objective biological markers for monitoring refractive errors such as myopia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zengrui Zhang
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingyu Mu
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haoming Geng
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunmeng Liu
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenhua Yi
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junguo Duan
- Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Eye college of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Ophthalmopathy Prevention & Cure and Visual Function Protection with TCM Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hammer A, Heeren TFC, Angunawela R, Marshall J, Saha K. A Novel Role for Corneal Pachymetry in Planning Cataract Surgery by Determining Changes in Spherical Equivalent Resulting from a Previous LASIK Treatment. J Ophthalmol 2023; 2023:2261831. [PMID: 37483313 PMCID: PMC10362985 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2261831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To provide a metric to differentiate between hyperopic and myopic ablation of a prior LASIK treatment based on the corneal pachymetry profile after laser vision correction (LVC). Methods Pachymetry data were retrospectively recovered from patients who had previous LASIK for refractive purposes between 2019 and 2020. Patients with any corneal disorder were excluded. Ablation spherical equivalent was predicted from the central to semiperipheral corneal thickness (CPT) ratio, both values were provided by using the Pentacam user interface software (UI), and values were computed from extracted raw pachymetry data. Results Data of 157 eyes of 81 patients were collected, of which data were analysed for 73 eyes of 73 patients to avoid concurrence of measurements in both eyes per subject (42% female; mean age 40.9; SD 12.8). The CPT ratio cutoff for distinction between myopic and hyperopic LASIK was 0.86 for Pentacam UI data. Sensitivity and specificity were 0.7 and 0.95, respectively. Accuracy increased with computation of the CPT ratio based on extracted raw data with sensitivity and specificity of 0.87 and 0.99, respectively. There was a marked linear correlation between the CPT ratio and the ablation spherical equivalent (R2 = 0.93). Conclusions CPT ratio cutoffs can correctly classify if a cornea previously had a hyperopic versus myopic LASIK surgery and estimate the ablation spherical equivalent of such treatment. This could prove useful for increased accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) calculations for patients with no historical data of their prior LVC surgery at the time of cataract surgery planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Hammer
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Romesh Angunawela
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- OCL Vision, London, UK
| | - John Marshall
- University College London, Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Kamran Saha
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Soulantzou K, Plakitsi A, Chalkiadaki E, Anastasopoulou M, Karmiris E. Comparison of central corneal thickness in healthy eyes using ultrasound pachymetry, non-contact specular microscopy and a high-resolution Scheimpflug camera. Int Ophthalmol 2023; 43:363-370. [PMID: 35864284 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-022-02431-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare and analyze the interchangeability in measuring central corneal thickness (CCT) using ultrasonic pachymetry (USP, PACHMATE 2, DGH, Inc, Exton, PA, USA), non-contact specular microscopy (NCSM, CEM-530, Nidek CO, LTD, Gamagori, Japan) and a high-resolution Scheimpflug Camera (Pentacam HR, OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany). METHODS An observational, cross-sectional study was performed recruiting 216 volunteers, for a sample size of 216 eyes with no ocular abnormalities other than refractive errors. All subjects underwent pachymetric measurements obtained by USP, NCSM and Pentacam HR. Examinations were performed by the same examiner with USP always following the noncontact examinations. RESULTS The mean CCT (± SD) was 560.30 ± 38.80 μm, 556.76 ± 36.83 μm and 547.31 ± 35.28 μm for USP, NCSM and Pentacam HR, respectively. The Bland-Altman analysis showed that the highest concordance was found between USP and NCSM, with differences between - 13.18 μm and 20.26 μm. For the differences between measurements obtained with Pentacam HR and USP, the differences at Bland-Altman plot were between - 28.25 and 13.57 μm. The lowest concordance was found for the CCT values measured with Pentacam HR and NCSM, with differences between - 25.67 and 6.86 μm. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between all pairs of measurements was between 0.979 and 0.987, suggesting that the mean measurements were strongly correlated. CONCLUSION Measurements obtained with all three devices had high correlation. USP and NCSM were found in good agreement and high concordance, too. The above results indicate that these two devices are interchangeable in clinical practice. Pentacam HR may be a useful alternative for measuring CCT; however, it significantly underestimates CCT and cannot be used interchangeably with the other devices that we studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Soulantzou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Optics and Optometry, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Athina Plakitsi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Optics and Optometry, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Chalkiadaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, 251 Hellenic Airforce General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | - Maria Anastasopoulou
- Department of Statistics and Insurance Science, Graduate of the Economic University of Piraeus, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthymios Karmiris
- Department of Ophthalmology, 251 Hellenic Airforce General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Thin Central Corneal Thickness May Be a Risk Factor for Myopia Progression in Children. J Ophthalmol 2023; 2023:3815863. [PMID: 36700116 PMCID: PMC9870691 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3815863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study investigated the correlation between corneal biomechanical parameters and the speed of myopia progression. Methods This is a retrospective, multicenter study. Both Chinese and Caucasian children were involved. The follow-up time was at least 12 months. Ocular biometry data including the central corneal thickness (CCT), axial length (AL), corneal keratometry (K), anterior chamber depth (ACD), white-to-white (WTW) distance, and pupil size (PS) were measured. The age of onset, speed of progression of spherical equivalent (SE), and speed of AL elongation were calculated. Data were analyzed using the R programming language. Results This study comprised 306 eyes of 153 myopic children. 122 children were Chinese, and 31 children were Caucasian. The myopia progression was faster in Chinese children than that in the Caucasian group in both SE progression speed and AL elongation speed. The CCT was negatively correlated with the SE speed of progression (correlation coefficient, R = -0.65, and p=7.25 × 10-38) and AL speed (R = -0.47 and p=1.62 × 10-18). CCT was positively correlated with the age of onset (R = 0.35 and p=4.53 × 10-10). No significant correlation (R > 0.3 and p < 0.01) was found between other ocular biometries (K, ACD, WTW, and PS) and the onset and speed of the progression of myopia. The same trends were found in both Chinese and Caucasian children and in both the right eye and left eye. Conclusion CCT was negatively correlated with myopia (SE) progression speed and AL elongation speed. Thin CCT may be associated with faster myopia progression.
Collapse
|
8
|
Muacevic A, Adler JR. Central Corneal Thickness of a Saudi Population in Relation to Age, Gender, Refractive Errors, and Corneal Curvature. Cureus 2022; 14:e30441. [PMID: 36407166 PMCID: PMC9671483 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between central corneal thickness (CCT) and age, gender, refractive errors, and corneal curvature in a Saudi population. Methodology In this randomized, hospital-based, retrospective study, data were collected from Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital and Imam Medical Center, Riyadh. A total of 1,005 eyes were included and recruited from patients referred to the refractive surgery clinic for Lasik assessment. The study included patients aged between 17 and 57 years with no history of any ocular pathology, eye surgeries, and systemic disease, as well as all groups with stable refractions. The identifying data were the age and gender of the patients, as well as their CCT, refraction, and corneal curvature. CCT and corneal curvature were measured by ultrasound pachymeter Pentacam. Results The distribution of CCT was 543.81 ± 34.47 μm. A significant difference in the mean CCT was observed across different refractive errors (p = 0.004). Patients with astigmatism had the lowest CCT, followed by myopic and hyperopic patients. An association between the spherical equivalent of patients with myopia and CCT (p = 0.001) was noted. Conclusions In the Saudi population, we found no significant association between mean corneal curvature and CCT in all three groups. Spherical equivalent in myopic patients was significantly associated with CCT. A significant difference in the mean CCT was observed across different refractive errors. There was a significant negative and weak correlation between age in myopic and astigmatism patients and CCT. Gender was significantly associated with CCT in patients with astigmatism.
Collapse
|
9
|
Nguyen HTT, Nguyen DTT, Pham DN, Tran AP, Quyet D, Thai TV, Nga VT, Bac ND. Ocular Biometrics of Vietnamese Young Adults with Myopia. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:4283-4286. [PMID: 32215078 PMCID: PMC7084022 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Myopia is most prevalent type of refraction error. In some Asian countries, the prevalence of myopia can be 80 – 90% in the population aged 17 – 18. AIM: To analyze the correlation between ocular biometric indices and refraction status in Vietnamese young myopes. METHODS: A prospective cross – section study was conducted in young myopes. Data on axial length, central cornea thickness, corneal topography & anterior chamber depth and spherical equivalent were collected. Independent Sample T Test and ANOVA test were used to compare between groups. The correlations between ocular biometry and myopic spherical equivalent refraction were examined by Pearson Correlation with the level of significance p < 0.05. RESULTS: Totally, 418 eyes from 209 patients were recruited. The average axial length, central cornea thickness, cornea refraction & anterior chamber depth were 25.68 ± 1.09 mm, 539.78 ± 32.665 µm, 43.16 ± 1.369 D, 3.30 ± 0.243 mm, respectively. The correlation between axial length and spherical equivalent refraction (SER) was high (r = - 0.742, p < 0.0001) while those between central cornea thickness and cornea refraction were negligible (r = - 0.107, p = 0.029; r = -0.123, p = 0.012; respectively). There was no correlation between anterior chamber depth and spherical equivalent refraction (r = 0.019, p = 0.697). CONCLUSION: Among ocular biometric indices, axial length was significantly correlated with spherical equivalent of young adult patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hien Thi Thu Nguyen
- Division of Refraction, Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Dong Ngoc Pham
- Division of Refraction, Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh Phuong Tran
- Division of Refraction, Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Do Quyet
- NTT Hi-tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Than Van Thai
- NTT Hi-tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Vu Thi Nga
- Institute for Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Duy Bac
- Vietnam Military Medical University (VMMU), Hanoi, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hoehn AL, Thomasy SM, Kass PH, Horikawa T, Samuel M, Shull OR, Stewart KA, Murphy CJ. Comparison of ultrasonic pachymetry and Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography for measurement of corneal thickness in dogs with and without corneal disease. Vet J 2018; 242:59-66. [PMID: 30503546 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Several ultrasonic and Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) pachymeters are used to measure corneal thickness in canine patients and research subjects. This study assessed the reliability of and consistency between two ultrasonic pachymetry (USP) devices, Pachette 3 and Accupach VI, as well as automated and manual measurements obtained using FD-OCT in dogs with and without corneal disease. Corneal thickness measurements were compiled from 108 dogs and analyzed using mixed effects linear regression, with Bonferonni adjustments for post-hoc comparisons, to determine the effects of age, weight and disease state. Data are presented as predicted mean±standard error. Canine corneal disease can result in marked increases in thickness that frequently exceed the upper limits of measurement of some pachymetry devices developed for human use. In this study, the corneas of dogs with endothelial disease or injury frequently exceeded the upper limits of quantitation of 999 and 800μm for the Accupach VI and automated FD-OCT pachymeters, respectively. Using values <800μm, the Pachette 3 generated significantly greater values for central corneal thickness (CCT) than the Accupach VI, manual FD-OCT and automated FD-OCT at 625±7.0, 615±7.2, 613±7.2, and 606±7.4μm respectively (P<0.001). Of the two devices where measurements >1000μm were obtained, manual FD-OCT demonstrated less variability than the Pachette 3. Corneal thickness increased linearly with age and weight with an increase of 6.9±1.8μm/year and 1.6±0.8μm/kg body weight (P<0.005 and P=0.038, respectively).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Hoehn
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - S M Thomasy
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, 4610 X St., Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - P H Kass
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - T Horikawa
- Animal Eye Center, 5175 Pacific St., Rocklin, CA 95677, USA
| | - M Samuel
- Eye Care for Animals, 21160 W. Capitol Drive Suite B, Pewaukee, WI 53072, USA
| | - O R Shull
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - K A Stewart
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - C J Murphy
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, 4610 X St., Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ma R, Liu Y, Zhang L, Lei Y, Hou J, Shen Z, Yi X, Wang Y. Distribution and Trends in Corneal Thickness Parameters in a Large Population-Based Multicenter Study of Young Chinese Adults. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 59:3366-3374. [PMID: 30025097 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-24332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijue Ma
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yulin Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Zhengwei Shen
- Ophthalmic Department, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianglong Yi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Correlation between central corneal thickness and myopia. Int Ophthalmol 2017; 38:2547-2551. [PMID: 29075941 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-017-0766-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the correlation between central corneal thickness (CCT) and myopia in refractive surgery candidates. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients that underwent myopic laser refractive surgery between January 2000 and December 2014 were included. Preoperative CCT was measured by ultrasonic pachymetry, and refractive status determined by manifest and cycloplegic refraction. RESULTS A total of 30,245 individuals were included. Mean age was 28.2 ± 8.6 years, and 45.9% were female. Mean refractive error was 4.02 ± 2.17 D (range 0.25-19.5), and the mean CCT measurement was 533.5 ± 35.5 µm (range 404-794). Younger individuals showed higher degree of myopia (p = 0.006). No difference in CCT was found between women and men (533.0 ± 35.1 and 533.6 ± 35.9 µm, respectively, p = 0.19). Though CCT showed no correlation with age (p = 0.226) participants above age 40 expressed higher CCT values (p < 0.001). No significant correlation was found between the CCT and cylinder (p > 0.05). An increase in mean keratometry was associated with a decrease in CCT (p < 0.001). There was a direct correlation between the degree of myopia and CCT (r = 0.94, p < 0.001). The result remained the same after adjusting for age group and gender in stepwise backward regression analysis (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Central corneal thickness is correlated with the degree of myopia among adults undergoing refractive surgery.
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the possible association between body stature (height) and corneal thickness and radius in younger-adult Caucasians, especially within the context of previously published literature. METHODS Body height and weight were measured in 109 healthy subjects, with an average age of 24 ± 6 years (mean ± SD). Subjects underwent an ophthalmic assessment including anterior segment imaging by Scheimpflug topography and specular microscopy. Central and peripheral corneal thickness and corneal radius were analyzed. The relationship between body stature and corneal parameters was assessed using simple and multiple regression analysis. Effect size was determined by generating regression and correlation coefficients. RESULTS Body height ranged from 1.54 to 1.86 m (mean ± SD 1.67 ± 0.08 m), central corneal thickness from 465 to 629 μm (554 ± 33 μm), whereas corneal radius measured between 7.16 and 8.49 mm (7.75 ± 0.24 mm). Body height was weakly associated with central corneal thickness and peripheral corneal thickness (r ≥ -0.180), and moderately with corneal radius (r = 0.351). Based on the regression equations, central corneal thickness decreases by 8 μm, whereas corneal radius increases by 0.11 mm for each 0.1-m difference in body height. No significant correlations were found for similar assessments using body weight or body mass index. CONCLUSIONS Differences in corneal radius and corneal thickness can be linked to body stature. However, effect sizes were consistently small and no more than 13% of the variability in corneal curvature could be explained by variations in body stature.
Collapse
|
14
|
Ramesh PV, Jha KN, Srikanth K. Comparison of Central Corneal Thickness using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Versus Ultrasound Pachymetry. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:NC08-NC11. [PMID: 28969170 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/25595.10420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Corneal thickness is an important and sensitive indicator of corneal health. It is useful in monitoring corneal diseases such as corneal oedema and keratoconus, and selecting patients for refractive surgery. Central Corneal Thickness (CCT) is a risk factor for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG). AIM To compare CCT using ultrasound pachymetry and Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT), and also to find out the reproducibility of AS-OCT readings for both central and pericentral corneal areas. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 patients above 40 years of age, and with clinically normal corneas, who underwent CCT measurements by both ultrasound and AS-OCT. Both the eyes were analysed. Two measurements by AS-OCT and 25 measurements by ultrasound pachymetry were taken. The readings were averaged and compared by paired t-test. Repeatability of the OCT pachymetry map sector averages, was assessed by pooled standard deviation, obtained from the two measurements taken from each eye. RESULTS The CCT in right eye by OCT and ultrasound was 516.28±29.76 µm and 532.42±29.71 µm, respectively. The CCT in left eye by OCT and ultrasound was 515.82±29.88 µm and 532.36±29.83 µm, respectively. The difference in CCT measurement by AS-OCT and ultrasound was statistically significant (p<0.001); mean ultrasound CCT being 16.14 µm and 16.54 µm greater than the mean AS-OCT, CCT in right eye and left eye respectively. For AS-OCT, intra-session repeatability was measured. Repeatability of the OCT mapping was 0.01 µm to 1.6 µm and 0.01 µm to 1.9 µm in the right eye and left eye respectively. CONCLUSION The CCT measurement by ultrasound pachymetry gives higher values compared to AS-OCT measurement. Hence, they cannot be interchangeably used in clinical practice. The AS-OCT provides highly repeatable pachymetry map measurements both centrally and pericentrally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Venkatesh Ramesh
- Senior Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth University, Puducherry, India
| | - Kirti Nath Jha
- Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth University, Puducherry, India
| | - Krishnagopal Srikanth
- Professor and Head, Department of Ophthalmology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth University, Puducherry, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Swierkowska J, Gajecka M. Genetic factors influencing the reduction of central corneal thickness in disorders affecting the eye. Ophthalmic Genet 2017; 38:501-510. [DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2017.1313993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marzena Gajecka
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kadhim YJ, Farhood QK. Central corneal thickness of Iraqi population in relation to age, gender, refractive errors, and corneal curvature: a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Clin Ophthalmol 2016; 10:2369-2376. [PMID: 27932859 PMCID: PMC5135410 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s116743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Central corneal thickness (CCT) is an important indicator of corneal status. Its measurement provides valid information about corneal physiological condition and possible changes associated with diseases, traumas, and hypoxia. It is an integral part for interpretation of intraocular pressure and glaucoma patient management and in prerefractive procedure assessment. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to determine the mean CCT among a normal Iraqi population and to correlate between CCT and age, gender, refraction, and corneal curvature. PATIENTS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out at Ibn Al-Haitham Teaching Eye Hospital. A total of 418 eyes from 209 healthy individuals with an age range from 20 to 75 years were studied. CCT was measured by ultrasound pachymeter. Refraction was measured using an auto-refractor and confirmed by trial lenses and retinoscopy to calculate the spherical equivalent. Corneal curvature was measured using an auto-refracto-keratometer to calculate the average corneal curvature (AVK). RESULTS The mean CCT was 543.95±32.58 μm with a range from 422 to 636 μm. CCT was not affected by gender. CCT significantly negatively correlated with age and AVK. CCT significantly positively correlated with the spherical equivalence. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Among an Iraqi population, CCT significantly decreased with age. Myopics had significantly thinner corneas. There was weak but significant negative correlation between CCT and corneal curvature. We recommend further studies about the relationship between central corneal thickness and other ocular parameters in Iraqi population such as the axial length.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Qasim K Farhood
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ersan I, Arikan S, Kara S, Gencer B, Koklu A, Tufan HA. Non-invasive assessment of corneal and conjunctival deterioration in soft contact lens users using anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Clin Exp Optom 2016; 99:564-567. [PMID: 27029024 DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to evaluate the corneal and bulbar conjunctival thicknesses of soft contact lens (SCL) wearers using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). METHODS The epithelial and overall thicknesses of both the central cornea and the infero-temporal bulbar conjunctiva of SCL wearers (30 subjects) were obtained by Cirrus HD-OCT and compared with those of refraction-matched controls (30 subjects) and patients with emmetropia (30 subjects). RESULTS The mean corneal epithelial thicknesses in SCL wearing, spectacle-wearing and emmetropic groups were 48.97 ± 5.45, 52.18 ± 4.84 and 53.18 ± 5.05 µm, respectively. The corneal epithelium of members of the SCL group was significantly thinner than in both the spectacles and emmetropic groups (p = 0.044 and 0.006, respectively), whereas the central corneal thickness did not differ between groups (p = 0.210). The mean conjunctival epithelial thicknesses in SCL, spectacles and emmetropic groups were 41.50 ± 7.75, 54.33 ± 8.39 and 49.10 ± 7.11 µm, respectively. Conjunctival epithelium in the SCL group was significantly thinner than in both spectacle-wearing and emmetropic groups (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). The conjunctiva was significantly thinner in the SCL group compared to the spectacles group (p = 0.001) but not the emmetropic group. CONCLUSIONS Contact lens wear is related to thinning of both corneal and conjunctival layers. AS-OCT is a non-invasive and clinically applicable technique for assessing the involvement of the cornea and conjunctiva in contact lens wearers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Ersan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine, Canakkale, Turkey.
| | - Sedat Arikan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Selcuk Kara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Baran Gencer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Asiye Koklu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Hasan Ali Tufan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine, Canakkale, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kim EB, Kim HK, Hyon JY, Wee WR, Shin YJ. Oxidative Stress Levels in Aqueous Humor from High Myopic Patients. KOREAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2016; 30:172-9. [PMID: 27247516 PMCID: PMC4878977 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2016.30.3.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare oxidative stress status in the aqueous humor of highly myopic eyes and control eyes. Methods Aqueous humor samples were collected from 15 highly myopic eyes (high myopia group) and 23 cataractous eyes (control group) during cataract surgery. Central corneal thickness, corneal endothelial cell density, hexagonality of corneal endothelial cells, and cell area of corneal endothelial cells were measured using specular microscopy. Axial length was measured using ultrasound biometry. 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and malondialdehyde levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results 8-OHdG level was lower in the aqueous humor of myopic patients than in that of control group (p = 0.014) and was positively correlated with central corneal thickness and negatively correlated with axial length (r = 0.511, p = 0.02; r = -0.382, p < 0.001). There was no correlation between 8-OHdG level and corneal endothelial cell density, hexagonality, or cell area. Malondialdehyde level did not show any correlation with any parameters evaluated. Conclusions 8-OHdG might be a sensitive biomarker for evaluating oxidative stress status in the eye. Oxidative stress level was lower in the aqueous humor of highly myopic eyes compared to that in control eyes, which indicates lower metabolic activity in these eyes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Bi Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ha Kyoung Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Young Hyon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Won Ryang Wee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Joo Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Erşan İ, Kara S, Arıkan S, Gencer B, Tufan HA. The Effects of Gender, Age, and Refractive Error on Corneal and Conjunctival Epithelial and Overall Thicknesses. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS 2016. [DOI: 10.5799/jcei.328687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
20
|
Ma Y, Zhu X, He X, Lu L, Zhu J, Zou H. Corneal Thickness Profile and Associations in Chinese Children Aged 7 to 15 Years Old. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146847. [PMID: 26751798 PMCID: PMC4709113 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal thickness (CT) maps of the central (2-mm diameter), para-central (2 to 5-mm diameter), peripheral (5 to 6-mm diameter), and minimum (5-mm diameter) cornea were measured in normal Chinese school children aged 7 to 15 years old using Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography. Multiple regression analyses were performed to explore the effect of associated factors [age, gender, refraction, axial length and corneal curvature radius (CCR)] on CT and the relationship between central corneal thickness (CCT) and intraocular pressure (IOP). A total of 1228 eyes from 614 children were analyzed. The average CCT was 532.96 ± 28.33 μm for right eyes and 532.70 ±28.45 μm for left eyes. With a 10 μm increase in CCT, the IOP was elevated by 0.37 mm Hg, as measured by noncontact tonometry. The CT increased gradually from the center to the periphery. The superior and superior nasal regions had the thickest CTs, while the thinnest points were primarily located in the inferior temporal cornea. The CCT was associated with CCR (p = 0.008) but not with gender (p = 0.075), age (p = 0.286), axial length (p = 0.405), or refraction (p = 0.985). In the para-central region and the peripheral cornea, increased CT was associated with younger age, male gender, and a flatter cornea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingyan Ma
- Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention & Treatment Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangui He
- Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention & Treatment Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Lu
- Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention & Treatment Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhu
- Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention & Treatment Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Zou
- Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention & Treatment Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
|
22
|
Jonuscheit S, Doughty MJ, Martin R, Río-Cristóbal A, Cruikshank V, Lang S. Peripheral nasal-temporal corneal asymmetry in relation to corneal thickness: a Scheimpflug imaging study. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2014; 35:45-51. [DOI: 10.1111/opo.12179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Jonuscheit
- Department of Life Sciences; Glasgow Caledonian University; Glasgow UK
- Anterior Eye Research Group; Institute for Applied Health Research; Glasgow Caledonian University; Glasgow UK
- IOBA Eye Institute; Universidad de Valladolid; Valladolid Spain
| | - Michael J. Doughty
- Department of Life Sciences; Glasgow Caledonian University; Glasgow UK
- Anterior Eye Research Group; Institute for Applied Health Research; Glasgow Caledonian University; Glasgow UK
| | - Raul Martin
- Department of Life Sciences; Glasgow Caledonian University; Glasgow UK
- IOBA Eye Institute; Universidad de Valladolid; Valladolid Spain
| | | | | | - Sue Lang
- Department of Life Sciences; Glasgow Caledonian University; Glasgow UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Comparison of anterior segment measurements obtained by three different devices in healthy eyes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:498080. [PMID: 24987687 PMCID: PMC4060781 DOI: 10.1155/2014/498080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. To assess the normal values and the repeatability of the Galilei Dual Scheimpflug Analyzer (GDSA), the biometer IOL Master, and the autokerato/refractometer WAM 5500 in anterior segment examinations. Methods. Eighty-eight eyes from 88 healthy volunteers were prospectively and consecutively recruited. The repeatability was assessed, calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results. The correlations among the repeated measurements showed nearly perfect reliability (ICC > 0.81) for all of the parameters, except corneal astigmatism Galilei (0.79) and WAM (0.68). There were statistically significant differences (P < 0.001) between the values of the flat simulated keratometry (SimK) and the steep SimK measured by GDSA and the other methods; however, there were no statistically significant differences for the values obtained with the IOL Master and WAM 5500 (P = 0.302 and P = 0.172, resp.) or between the values of the ACD (P < 0.001) and WTW (P = 0.007) measured by the IOL Master and GDSA. Conclusions. The anterior segment measurements from the IOL Master and WAM 5500 were highly repeatable, comparable, and well correlated. In healthy young persons, the evaluated parameters had very good repeatability, although significant differences were found between the GDSA and IOL Master and between the GDSA and WAM 5500.
Collapse
|