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Hung CY, Chiang YJ, Chang CW, Wang CP, Lin MC, Lou PJ, Chen TC. Is the N 2A Category Still Necessary for Oral Cancer Patients After Extranodal Extension Upgrade? Ann Surg Oncol 2023:10.1245/s10434-023-13434-2. [PMID: 37071234 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-13434-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of single-node metastasis (Ns) sometimes could be encountered in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The survival outcome for different Ns should be worthy of discussion. METHODS Patients diagnosed with OSCC at the National Taiwan University Hospital between January 2007 and December 2018 were reviewed. All patients with Ns were classified into two groups: with and without extranodal extension (ENE). RESULTS We analyzed 311 OSCC patients with Ns: 77 (24.76%) with and 234 (75.24%) without ENE. Lymph node (LN) >3 cm was the only significant factor associated with ENE (odds ratio 17.21, p < 0.001). The 5-year, disease-free survival of N1/N2A and N3B patients was 60.5% and 49.4%, respectively (p = 0.04), and the 5-year overall survival was 63.1% and 33.6%, respectively (p = 0.0001). Four fifths of Ns patients with LN >3 cm were upgraded to N3B category as ENE+. Postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) could provide significant benefit in regional control for Ns patients with (p = 0.03) and without (p = 0.0004) other adverse features. After multivariant Cox analysis, ENE+ was a modest and significant risk factor for disease-free (p = 0.08) and overall survival (p = 0.001). By contrast, the LN>3cm and N2A category were not significant risk factors for disease-free and overall survival. CONCLUSIONS For OSCC patients with Ns, the survival outcome between N3B category and N1/N2A category was significantly different. After ENE+ upgrades (>80%), there were fewer N2A patients, and these patients became more comparable to N1 patients. PORT could significantly improve regional control for Ns patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yang Hung
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Ju Chiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Wei Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Ping Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mei-Chun Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Jen Lou
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tseng-Cheng Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Tapak L, Ghasemi MK, Afshar S, Mahjub H, Soltanian A, Khotanlou H. Identification of gene profiles related to the development of oral cancer using a deep learning technique. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:35. [PMID: 36849997 PMCID: PMC9972685 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01462-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cancer (OC) is a debilitating disease that can affect the quality of life of these patients adversely. Oral premalignant lesion patients have a high risk of developing OC. Therefore, identifying robust survival subgroups among them may significantly improve patient therapy and care. This study aimed to identify prognostic biomarkers that predict the time-to-development of OC and survival stratification for patients using state-of-the-art machine learning and deep learning. METHODS Gene expression profiles (29,096 probes) related to 86 patients from the GSE26549 dataset from the GEO repository were used. An autoencoder deep learning neural network model was used to extract features. We also used a univariate Cox regression model to select significant features obtained from the deep learning method (P < 0.05). High-risk and low-risk groups were then identified using a hierarchical clustering technique based on 100 encoded features (the number of units of the encoding layer, i.e., bottleneck of the network) from autoencoder and selected by Cox proportional hazards model and a supervised random forest (RF) classifier was used to identify gene profiles related to subtypes of OC from the original 29,096 probes. RESULTS Among 100 encoded features extracted by autoencoder, seventy features were significantly related to time-to-OC-development, based on the univariate Cox model, which was used as the inputs for the clustering of patients. Two survival risk groups were identified (P value of log-rank test = 0.003) and were used as the labels for supervised classification. The overall accuracy of the RF classifier was 0.916 over the test set, yielded 21 top genes (FUT8-DDR2-ATM-CD247-ETS1-ZEB2-COL5A2-GMAP7-CDH1-COL11A2-COL3A1-AHR-COL2A1-CHORDC1-PTP4A3-COL1A2-CCR2-PDGFRB-COL1A1-FERMT2-PIK3CB) associated with time to developing OC, selected among the original 29,096 probes. CONCLUSIONS Using deep learning, our study identified prominent transcriptional biomarkers in determining high-risk patients for developing oral cancer, which may be prognostic as significant targets for OC therapy. The identified genes may serve as potential targets for oral cancer chemoprevention. Additional validation of these biomarkers in experimental prospective and retrospective studies will launch them in OC clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leili Tapak
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazem Ghasemi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeid Afshar
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Hossein Mahjub
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Soltanian
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hassan Khotanlou
- Department of Computer Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
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Tu IWH, Shannon NB, Thankappan K, Balasubramanian D, Pillai V, Shetty V, Rangappa V, Chandrasekhar NH, Kekatpure V, Kuriakose MA, Krishnamurthy A, Mitra A, Pattatheyil A, Jain P, Iyer S, Subramaniam N, Iyer NG. Risk Stratification in Oral Cancer: A Novel Approach. Front Oncol 2022; 12:836803. [PMID: 35875164 PMCID: PMC9301677 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.836803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common head and neck cancer with high morbidity and mortality. Currently, treatment decisions are guided by TNM staging, which omits important negative prognosticators such as lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion (PNI), and histologic differentiation. We proposed nomogram models based on adverse pathological features to identify candidates suitable for treatment escalation within each risk group according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines. Methods Anonymized clinicopathologic data of OSCC patients from 5 tertiary healthcare institutions in Asia were divided into 3 risk groups according to the NCCN guidelines. Within each risk group, nomograms were built to predict overall survival based on histologic differentiation, histologic margin involvement, depth of invasion (DOI), extranodal extension, PNI, lymphovascular, and bone invasion. Nomograms were internally validated with precision-recall analysis and the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results Low-risk patients with positive pathological nodal involvement and/or positive PNI should be considered for adjuvant radiotherapy. Intermediate-risk patients with gross bone invasion may benefit from concurrent chemotherapy. High-risk patients with positive margins, high DOI, and a high composite score of histologic differentiation, PNI, and the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition T staging should be considered for treatment escalation to experimental therapies in clinical trials. Conclusion Nomograms built based on prognostic adverse pathological features can be used within each NCCN risk group to fine-tune treatment decisions for OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Wen-Hui Tu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicholas Brian Shannon
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Krishnakumar Thankappan
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
| | - Deepak Balasubramanian
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
| | - Vijay Pillai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre, Narayana Health, Bangalore, India
| | - Vivek Shetty
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre, Narayana Health, Bangalore, India
| | - Vidyabhushan Rangappa
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre, Narayana Health, Bangalore, India
| | - Naveen Hedne Chandrasekhar
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre, Narayana Health, Bangalore, India
| | - Vikram Kekatpure
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre, Narayana Health, Bangalore, India
| | - Moni Abraham Kuriakose
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre, Narayana Health, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Arun Mitra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, India
| | - Arun Pattatheyil
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Tata Medical Centre, Kolkata, India
| | - Prateek Jain
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Tata Medical Centre, Kolkata, India
| | - Subramania Iyer
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
| | - Narayana Subramaniam
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre, Narayana Health, Bangalore, India
| | - N. Gopalakrishna Iyer
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Zanoni DK, Mayor CV, McGill MR, Montero PH, Shah JP, Wong RJ, Ganly I, Patel SG. Distant metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Does the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio act as a surrogate of the host immune status? Oral Oncol 2022; 124:105641. [PMID: 34864297 PMCID: PMC9377276 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Distant metastasis (DM) is an important prognostic factor for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of host and tumor factors in development of DM. MATERIALS AND METHODS After IRB approval, 1369 patients with OSCC undergoing primary surgery were eligible for the study. The primary endpoint was the development of distant metastasis (DM). Patients were pathologically staged according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th Edition. Pre-operative peripheral blood counts were used to calculate neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). RESULTS Median follow-up was 39 months (range 1-221). DM were identified in 126 patients during follow-up. When analyzed as a time-dependent covariate, neck recurrence (NR) was a significant predictor of DM (HR 16.35, 95% CI: 11.39-23.47, p < 0.001). NLR, margin status, vascular invasion, perineural invasion (PNI), grade, pT, number of metastatic lymph nodes, level IV involvement, and extra nodal-extension (ENE) were also significant. In multivariable analysis, NLR, margins, PNI, number of metastatic lymph nodes, and ENE maintained independent predictive capacity. Patients with NLR ≥ 5.7 were 3 times more likely to develop DM compared to NLR ≤ 2.9 (95% CI: 1.74-5.59, p < 0.001), patients with ≥ 5 metastatic lymph nodes were 2 times more likely to develop DM (95% CI: 1.18-3.60, p = 0.011), and those with ENE were 4 times more likely (95% CI: 2.67-8.20, p < 0.001) when compared to pNx/pN0 patients. CONCLUSIONS NLR, number of metastatic lymph nodes, and ENE were the strongest independent predictors of DM in OSCC treated with primary surgery and appropriate adjuvant therapy.
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Lee LY, Lin CY, Cheng NM, Tsai CY, Hsueh C, Fan KH, Wang HM, Hsieh CH, Ng SH, Yeh CH, Lin CH, Tsao CK, Fang TJ, Huang SF, Lee LA, Kang CJ, Fang KH, Wang YC, Lin WN, Hsin LJ, Yen TC, Liao CT. Poor tumor differentiation is an independent adverse prognostic variable in patients with locally advanced oral cavity cancer--Comparison with pathological risk factors according to the NCCN guidelines. Cancer Med 2021; 10:6627-6641. [PMID: 34533269 PMCID: PMC8495291 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Methods We sought to compare the prognostic impact of tumor differentiation with respect to adverse risk factors (RFs) identified by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines––including extranodal extension (ENE), positive/close margins, perineural invasion, lymphatic invasion, and vascular invasion––in patients with locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC). Results Between 1996 and 2018, 1179 consecutive patients with first primary pT3–4 OCSCC were included. A three‐level grading system was adopted––in which the final classification was assigned according to the most prevalent tumor grade. We identified 382/669/128 patients with well/moderately/poorly differentiated tumors, respectively. Compared with well/moderately differentiated tumors, poorly differentiated OCSCC had a higher prevalence of the following variables: female sex (4%/6%/11%), ENE, (14%/36%/61%), positive margins (0.5%/2%/4%), close margins (10%/14%/22%), perineural invasion (22%/50%/63%), lymphatic invasion (2%/9%/17%), vascular invasion (1%/4%/10%), and adjuvant therapy (64%/80%/87%). The 5‐year rates of patients with well/moderately/poorly differentiated OCSCC were as follows: local control (LC, 85%/82%/84%, p = 0.439), neck control (NC, 91%/83%/70%, p < 0.001), distant metastases (DM, 6%/18%/40%, p < 0.001), disease‐free survival (DFS, 78%/63%/46%, p < 0.001), disease‐specific survival (DSS, 85%/71%/49%, p < 0.001), and overall survival (OS, 68%/55%/39%, p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis identified the following variables as independent prognosticators for 5‐year outcomes: ENE (LC/NC/DM/DFS/DSS/OS), poorly differentiated tumors (NC/DM/DFS/DSS/OS), positive margins (LC/DFS), lymphatic invasion (DFS/DSS/OS), perineural invasion (DM), and age ≥65 years (OS). Conclusions In addition to ENE, poor tumor differentiation was identified as the second most relevant adverse RF for patients with pT3–4 OCSCC. We suggest that the NCCN guidelines should include poor tumor differentiation as an adverse RF to refine and tailor clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yu Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chien-Yu Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Particle Physics and Beam Delivery Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Nai-Ming Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chi-Ying Tsai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chuen Hsueh
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kang-Hsing Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hung-Ming Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chia-Hsun Hsieh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Hang Ng
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hua Yeh
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hung Lin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chung-Kan Tsao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tuan-Jen Fang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shiang-Fu Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Li-Ang Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chung-Jan Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ku-Hao Fang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chien Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wan-Ni Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Li-Jen Hsin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tzu-Chen Yen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chun-Ta Liao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chen TC, Lo TH, Huang HC, Wang CW, Yang TL, Lou PJ, Ko JY, Wang CP. Outcomes of salvage treatment in patients with recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2021; 43:3764-3774. [PMID: 34510614 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The survival outcomes of different salvage treatments for patients with recurrent oral cancer remain unclear. METHODS A total of 556 patients with recurrent oral cancer between 2010 and 2015 were reviewed. Clinical/pathological risk factors and different salvage treatments were analyzed. RESULTS The 2-year disease-free survival rates after recurrence in patients not receiving salvage operation (305 patients), receiving salvage operation with (121 patients), and without (130 patients) major pathological risk factors (margin or extranodal extension) were 5.3%, 32.4%, and 77.2%, respectively (p < 0.001). The 2-year overall survival rates were 20.3%, 58.4%, and 89.2%, respectively (p < 0.001). A late-onset recurrence, salvage radiation, and salvage operation were independent factors for good disease-free and overall survival. Salvage radiation showed survival benefits among patients not indicated for salvage operations. CONCLUSIONS Salvage operation was the first choice for recurrent oral cancer. Patients who received the salvage operation without major risk factors had the best survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tseng-Cheng Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Hsuan Lo
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huai-Cheng Huang
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Wang
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jen Lou
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jenq-Yuh Ko
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ping Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Qin H, Wang C, Hua Y. LINC01123 is associated with prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma and involved in tumor progression by sponging miR-34a-5p. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021; 133:50-59. [PMID: 34511356 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a malignant tumor. This study aimed to investigate the role of a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), LINC01123, in OSCC prognosis and progression and to explore the underlying mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN OSCC tissues were collected from 102 patients, and 4 OSCC cell lines were analyzed. The expression levels of LINC01123 and miR-34a-5p were estimated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and Transwell assays were used to assess the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to analyze the prognostic value of LINC01123 in OSCC. RESULTS The analysis results showed that LINC01123 was overexpressed in OSCC tumor tissues; also, the prognosis of patients with OSCC with high LINC01123 expression levels was poor. The knockdown of LINC01123 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OCSS cells. MiR-34a-5p was a target of LINC01123, and its inhibitor could reverse the effect of silenced LINC01123 on the progression of OSCC. CONCLUSIONS Highly expressed LINC01123 was associated with poor prognosis of OSCC and regulated OSCC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration by sponging miR-34a-5p. Therefore, the LINC01123/miR-34a-5p axis may provide new ideas for the prognosis and treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Qin
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, China
| | - Changlei Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, China
| | - Yingjie Hua
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, China..
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Uchiyama Y, Sasai T, Nakatani A, Shimamoto H, Tsujimoto T, Kreiborg S, Murakami S. Distant metastasis from oral cavity-correlation between histopathology results and primary site. Oral Radiol 2020; 37:167-179. [PMID: 32468449 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-020-00440-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral cancer is the eighth most common type of cancer worldwide and a significant contributor to the global burden caused by this disease. The principal parameters considered to influence prognosis, and thus treatment selection, are size and location of the primary tumor, as well as assessment of the presence and extent of lymph node and distant metastasis (DM). However, no known report regarding the relationship between the primary site and DM has been presented. For effective treatment selection and good prognosis, the correlation of DM with anatomic site and histopathology results of the primary malignancy is important. In the present study, we performed a systematic review of published reports in an effort to determine the relationship between the anatomic site of various types of oral cavity cancer and DM. METHODS A systematic review of articles published until the end of 2018 was performed using PubMed/MEDLINE. RESULTS A total of 150 studies were selected for this review. The percentage of all cases reported with DM was 6.3%, ranging from 0.6% to 33.1% in the individual studies. The rate of incidence of tongue occurrence was 9.3%. A frequent DM site was the lungs, with adenoid cystic carcinoma the most commonly involved histopathological factor. Malignant melanoma was most frequent (43.4%) in all histopathology findings, whereas there were no cases with an acinic cell carcinoma or cystadenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS We found that the occurrence of DM from the primary site as well as rate of incidence was dependent on histopathological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Uchiyama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Sasai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsutoshi Nakatani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomomi Tsujimoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sven Kreiborg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,3D Craniofacial Image Research Laboratory, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shumei Murakami
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,3D Craniofacial Image Research Laboratory, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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9
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Pisani P, Airoldi M, Allais A, Aluffi Valletti P, Battista M, Benazzo M, Briatore R, Cacciola S, Cocuzza S, Colombo A, Conti B, Costanzo A, della Vecchia L, Denaro N, Fantozzi C, Galizia D, Garzaro M, Genta I, Iasi GA, Krengli M, Landolfo V, Lanza GV, Magnano M, Mancuso M, Maroldi R, Masini L, Merlano MC, Piemonte M, Pisani S, Prina-Mello A, Prioglio L, Rugiu MG, Scasso F, Serra A, Valente G, Zannetti M, Zigliani A. Metastatic disease in head & neck oncology. ACTA OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICA ITALICA : ORGANO UFFICIALE DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI OTORINOLARINGOLOGIA E CHIRURGIA CERVICO-FACCIALE 2020; 40:S1-S86. [PMID: 32469009 PMCID: PMC7263073 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-suppl.1-40-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The head and neck district represents one of the most frequent sites of cancer, and the percentage of metastases is very high in both loco-regional and distant areas. Prognosis refers to several factors: a) stage of disease; b) loco-regional relapses; c) distant metastasis. At diagnosis, distant metastases of head and neck cancers are present in about 10% of cases with an additional 20-30% developing metastases during the course of their disease. Diagnosis of distant metastases is associated with unfavorable prognosis, with a median survival of about 10 months. The aim of the present review is to provide an update on distant metastasis in head and neck oncology. Recent achievements in molecular profiling, interaction between neoplastic tissue and the tumor microenvironment, oligometastatic disease concepts, and the role of immunotherapy have all deeply changed the therapeutic approach and disease control. Firstly, we approach topics such as natural history, epidemiology of distant metastases and relevant pathological and radiological aspects. Focus is then placed on the most relevant clinical aspects; particular attention is reserved to tumours with distant metastasis and positive for EBV and HPV, and the oligometastatic concept. A substantial part of the review is dedicated to different therapeutic approaches. We highlight the role of immunotherapy and the potential effects of innovative technologies. Lastly, we present ethical and clinical perspectives related to frailty in oncological patients and emerging difficulties in sustainable socio-economical governance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Pisani
- ENT Unit, ASL AT, “Cardinal Massaja” Hospital, Asti, Italy
| | - Mario Airoldi
- Medical Oncology, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Aluffi Valletti
- SCDU Otorinolaringoiatria, AOU Maggiore della Carità di Novara, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Italy
| | | | - Marco Benazzo
- SC Otorinolaringoiatria, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico “S. Matteo”, Università di Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Salvatore Cocuzza
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Colombo
- ENT Unit, ASL AT, “Cardinal Massaja” Hospital, Asti, Italy
| | - Bice Conti
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy
- Polymerix S.r.L., Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Laura della Vecchia
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology General Hospital “Macchi”, ASST dei Settelaghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Nerina Denaro
- Oncology Department A.O.S. Croce & Carle, Cuneo, Italy
| | | | - Danilo Galizia
- Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo,Italy
| | - Massimiliano Garzaro
- SCDU Otorinolaringoiatria, AOU Maggiore della Carità di Novara, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Italy
| | - Ida Genta
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy
- Polymerix S.r.L., Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Marco Krengli
- Dipartimento Medico Specialistico ed Oncologico, SC Radioterapia Oncologica, AOU Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Vittorio Lanza
- S.O.C. Chirurgia Toracica, Azienda Ospedaliera Nazionale “SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo”, Alessandria, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Mancuso
- S.O.C. Chirurgia Toracica, Azienda Ospedaliera Nazionale “SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo”, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Roberto Maroldi
- Department of Radiology, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Masini
- Dipartimento Medico Specialistico ed Oncologico, SC Radioterapia Oncologica, AOU Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
| | - Marco Carlo Merlano
- Oncology Department A.O.S. Croce & Carle, Cuneo, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo,Italy
| | - Marco Piemonte
- ENT Unit, University Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, Udine, Italy
| | - Silvia Pisani
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico “S. Matteo”, Pavia, Italy
| | - Adriele Prina-Mello
- LBCAM, Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Luca Prioglio
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, ASL 3 “Genovese”, “Padre Antero Micone” Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Felice Scasso
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, ASL 3 “Genovese”, “Padre Antero Micone” Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Agostino Serra
- University of Catania, Italy
- G.B. Morgagni Foundation, Catania, Italy
| | - Guido Valente
- Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Micol Zannetti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Angelo Zigliani
- Department of Radiology, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia, Italy
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Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Predicts Survival in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 26:1511-1518. [PMID: 31471883 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00731-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Synergistic loss of E-cadherin and acquisition of vimentin are characteristic feature of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) which confers an invasive phenotype of epithelial cancer cells. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of E-cadherin and vimentin expression individually and in combination as a measure of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Expression of E-cadherin and vimentin through immunohistochemical analysis was examined in 200 patients with surgically resected OSCC. Combined E-cadherin and vimentin expression was evaluated to determine the EMT status. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test were used to compare differences in survival. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent prognostic factors. E-cadherin expression was negative in 28 (14%) tumors, and vimentin expression was positive in 87 (43.5%) tumors. Moreover, 99 (49.5%), 87 (43.5%), and 14 (7.5%) tumors exhibited no, partial, and complete EMT, respectively. Both individual protein expression were significant prognostic factors [Negative E-cadherin, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04-2.93; positive vimentin, HR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.12-2.41]. For EMT status, the HR increased with EMT progression [partial EMT, HR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.09-2.49; complete EMT, HR = 2.88, 95% CI = 1.44-5.79], of which, the complete EMT had higher HR than was individual protein expression. Combined E-cadherin and vimentin expression as a measure of EMT showed a superior prognostic significance compared with individual protein expression.
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11
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Pavón MA, Arroyo-Solera I, León X, Téllez-Gabriel M, Virós D, Gallardo A, Céspedes MV, Casanova I, Lopez-Pousa A, Barnadas A, Quer M, Mangues R. The combined use of EFS, GPX2, and SPRR1A expression could distinguish favorable from poor clinical outcome among epithelial-like head and neck carcinoma subtypes. Head Neck 2019; 41:1830-1845. [PMID: 30652380 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed at identifying molecular markers predictive of clinical outcome in patients with head and neck cancer based on the expression profile of cells showing epithelial-like (EL) or mesenchymal-like (ML) phenotypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed the association between EL and ML cells and migration, drug resistance, or tumor growth. The differential gene expression profile between cell types was used to build a model to stratify patients according to survival. RESULTS EL cells were sensitive to cisplatin and cetuximab, showed low migration, and generated squamous differentiated tumors in mouse. A differential 93-gene expression signature between ML and EL cells was used to build a three-gene (EFS, GPX2, and SPRR1A) survival model by analyzing the RNA-seq data of the TCGA-HNSC project. Its prognostic value was confirmed in two independent cohorts. CONCLUSION EFS, GPX2, and SPRR1A are prognostic markers able to distinguish clinical outcome among subtypes sharing an EL phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Pavón
- Infections and Cancer Laboratory/Cancer Epidemiology Research Program. Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) and Bellvitge Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Cáncer (CIBER-ONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Arroyo-Solera
- Oncogenesis and Antitumor Drug Group, lnstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomecidicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier León
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomecidicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Otorrinolaryngology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Téllez-Gabriel
- Laboratorio Hematología Oncológica y de Transplantes, Institut Investigacions Biomèdiques (IBB) Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Virós
- Department of Otorrinolaryngology, Hospital Germans Tries y Pujol (Can Ruti), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Gallardo
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Virtudes Céspedes
- Oncogenesis and Antitumor Drug Group, lnstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomecidicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isolda Casanova
- Oncogenesis and Antitumor Drug Group, lnstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomecidicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Lopez-Pousa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomecidicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustí Barnadas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Quer
- Department of Otorrinolaryngology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Mangues
- Oncogenesis and Antitumor Drug Group, lnstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomecidicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
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12
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Aires FT, Lin CS, Matos LL, Kulcsar MAV, Cernea CR. Risk Factors for Distant Metastasis in Patients with Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma Undergoing Surgical Treatment. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2018; 79:347-355. [PMID: 29393250 DOI: 10.1159/000485627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical and pathological factors related to distant metastasis in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) undergoing surgery. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective data review was conducted on patients who underwent primary surgery for OCSCC at the Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP) between 2009 and 2015. Distant metastasis rates were calculated and predictive factors were determined by the Cox proportional-hazards model. RESULTS There was a total of 274 patients, including 210 (76.6%) men and 64 (23.4%) women, with a mean age of 59.9 ± 10.9 years. The incidence of distant metastasis was 9.6%, with the lung being the most common site. The mean time interval between surgical treatment and the diagnosis of distant metastasis was 12 months (range 2-40 months). In the multivariate analysis, angiolymphatic invasion (HR = 2,87; p = 0.023), contralateral cervical metastasis (HR = 3.3; p = 0,007), tumor thickness >25 mm (HR = 3.50; p = 0.009), and locoregional recurrence (HR = 6.59; p < 0.0001) were the only independent risk factors for distant metastasis. CONCLUSION Patients with OCSCC who have contralateral lymph node metastasis, tumors with a thickness >25 mm, angiolymphatic invasion, or locoregional recurrence after surgical treatment have a greater risk of developing distant metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Toyama Aires
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chin Shien Lin
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro Luongo Matos
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Claudio Roberto Cernea
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
Although the American Joint Committee on Cancer developed its first cancer-specific staging system in 1959, the TNM classification, as it has become known, has undergone many revisions mainly due to the advancements in both diagnosis and management of cancer, Although the basic purpose of the cancer staging system has remained fundamentally unchanged, the ease with which the cancer can be staged has evolved with newer methods. This article reviews cancer evaluation for staging, as well as the introduction of a new staging method effective as of 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mel Mupparapu
- Oral Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Rabie M Shanti
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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14
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Jin X, Liu D, Zhao X, Zhou Y, Jiang L, Li J, Zeng X, Chen Q. Analysis of clinicopathological characteristics associated with the outcome of oral squamous cell carcinoma and the establishment of tissue microarrays. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:3175-3182. [PMID: 27899978 PMCID: PMC5103915 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate clinicopathological risk factors associated with the fatal outcome of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in a large cohort of Chinese patients, and to construct tissue microarrays (TMAs) using this cohort. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the predictors of poor prognosis in a cohort of 232 patients with OSCC, after which the patient tumor tissues were used to construct TMAs. Univariate logistic regression analysis indicated that a poor outcome of OSCC was associated with the male gender, a history of smoking, the tumor-node-metastasis stage and lymph node metastasis. Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that an increased risk of mortality in patients with OSCC was significantly and independently associated with lymph node metastasis (odds ratio, 3.421; 95% confidence interval, 1.609-7.273). Therefore, the results of the present study suggested that lymph node metastasis is an independent risk factor associated with a poor prognosis of OSCC patients. TMAs of OSCC were successfully constructed, and are the first TMAs to be reported in mainland Chinese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China; College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China
| | - Dongjuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Lu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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15
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Lo WC, Cheng PW, Wang CT, Shueng PW, Hsieh CH, Chang YL, Liao LJ. The Effect of Radiotherapy on Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy and the Ultrasound Characteristics of Neck Lymph Nodes in Oral Cancer Patients after Primary Treatment. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149346. [PMID: 26954569 PMCID: PMC4783113 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the effect of radiotherapy (RT) on ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (USgFNA) and sonographic characteristics in the assessment of cervical lymph nodes (LNs) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients after primary treatment. Materials and Methods 88 treated OSCC patients underwent 111 USgFNAs of the neck LNs after US evaluation. Among them, 48 USgFNAs were performed on 40 patients following RT and 63 USgFNAs on 48 patients without previous RT. The results of USgFNA and the US characteristics were compared between these two groups. Results USgFNA had a sensitivity of 88.0%, specificity of 91.4%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 88.0%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 91.4% and accuracy of 90.0% in patients without previous RT, and a sensitivity of 97.1%, specificity of 83.3%, PPV of 94.3%, NPV of 90.9% and accuracy of 93.5% in those with previous neck RT. The ranges of the short-axis and long-axis length were 13.3 ± 8.0 mm (mean ± SD) versus 17.8 ± 9.1 mm, and 18.6 ± 9.0 mm versus 24.4 ± 10.9 mm for recurrent LNs from patients with, versus without, previous RT (both ps < 0.05), respectively. 76.5% (26/34) of the recurrent nodes after RT and 48% (12/25) of the recurrent nodes without previous RT exhibited an irregular margin (p < 0.05). Additionally, irradiated recurrent LNs had a significantly decreased percentage of discernable calcification compared with non-irradiated recurrent nodes (48% versus 20.6%, p < 0.05). Conclusions RT had influence on sonographic characteristics but no influence on USgFNA in diagnosing recurrent LNs in treated OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Chia Lo
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Oriental Institute of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wen Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Oriental Institute of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Te Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wei Shueng
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsi Hsieh
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Leong Chang
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YLC); ; (LJL)
| | - Li-Jen Liao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YLC); ; (LJL)
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LÚCIO PSC, RIBEIRO DC, AGUIAR MCFD, ALVES PM, NONAKA CFW, GODOY GP. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs): clinical-pathological parameters in squamous cell carcinomas of the lower lip. Braz Oral Res 2016; 30:e95. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2016.vol30.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Chen TC, Wu CT, Wang CP, Hsu WL, Yang TL, Lou PJ, Ko JY, Chang YL. Associations among pretreatment tumor necrosis and the expression of HIF-1α and PD-L1 in advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma and the prognostic impact thereof. Oral Oncol 2015; 51:1004-1010. [PMID: 26365985 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The treatment strategies for advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), especially with necrotic changes, are not effective. The programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune escape may be one of the underlying sources of resistance. Furthermore, anti-PD-L1 directed immunotherapy may be another choice for adjuvant therapy. Therefore, the expression of PD-L1 in advanced OSCC with necrotic changes is very important. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 218 eligible patients with advanced stage (stage III/IV) OSCC and neck metastasis were enrolled. The presence of necrosis was reviewed by pretreatment magnetic resonance imaging. Paired paraffin-embedded primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes (LN) sections were stained with antibodies against hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and PD-L1. Moderate-to strong HIF-1α nuclear staining in >10% and cell surface PD-L1 expression in >5% of OSCC cells were recorded as a positive result. RESULTS For advanced OSCC with necrotic changes, there was substantial agreement in primary tumor (kappa value 0.54) and almost perfect agreement in metastatic LN (kappa value 0.86) between HIF-1α and PD-L1 expression. The patients with both necrosis and positive PD-L1 expression in OSCC surrounding necrosis had worse disease control and survival outcomes. After multivariate analysis, metastatic LN necrosis and positive PD-L1 expression were found to be significant independent adverse factors. CONCLUSION Advanced OSCC patients with both necrosis and positive PD-L1 expression in OSCC surrounding necrosis had worse outcome. The aggressive behavior of advanced OSCC could be partially related to PD-L1 immune escape. These patients may be good candidates for anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tseng-Cheng Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Tu Wu
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ping Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Lun Hsu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jen Lou
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Jenq-Yuh Ko
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Leong Chang
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan.
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Predictive factors for long-term survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients with distant metastasis after initial definitive treatment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2015; 142:295-304. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-015-2043-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Chen TC, Wu CT, Wang CP, Yang TL, Lou PJ, Ko JY, Chang YL. Significance of nuclear p-mTOR expression in advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma with extracapsular extension of lymph node metastases. Oral Oncol 2015; 51:493-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.02.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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20
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Hasegawa T, Tanakura M, Takeda D, Sakakibara A, Akashi M, Minamikawa T, Komori T. Risk factors associated with distant metastasis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2015; 152:1053-60. [PMID: 25883102 DOI: 10.1177/0194599815580980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the incidence of distant metastasis (DM) after curative surgical treatment and assess the multivariate relationships among various risk factors for DM in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). STUDY DESIGN Case series with chart review. SETTING Tertiary referral center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The medical records of all patients with OSCC without DM who underwent curative surgery with or without postoperative adjuvant chemoradiation between January 2001 and February 2014 at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. There were a total of 451 patients, including 271 men and 180 women, with a mean age of 65.9 ± 13.5 years. RESULTS Of these patients, 30 (6.7%) developed DM. During the follow-up period, the 5-year overall survival rate was 76.2%. Sites of DM comprised the lungs (80.0%), skin (13.3%), liver (10.0%), bone (6.7%), and brain (3.3%). We found the T classification and N classification as well as the histologic grade to be significant risk factors associated with the development of DM in the univariate analysis only (P = .003), whereas locoregional failure (odds ratio [OR], 4.03), multiple lymph node metastases (more than 4 positive nodes; OR, 3.32) and positive extracapsular spread (OR, 3.06) were identified to be significant risk factors associated with the development of DM in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION We demonstrated multivariate relationships among various risk factors for DM in OSCC patients. Clinicians should consider these risk factors and pay special attention to detecting DM early during the postoperative management of OSCC patients with these risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Hasegawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Makiko Tanakura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takeda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akiko Sakakibara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaya Akashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Minamikawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takahide Komori
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Su NW, Liu CJ, Leu YS, Lee JC, Chen YJ, Chang YF. Prolonged radiation time and low nadir hemoglobin during postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy are both poor prognostic factors with synergistic effect on locally advanced head and neck cancer patients. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:251-8. [PMID: 25670907 PMCID: PMC4315538 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s70204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anemia, a common complication of head and neck cancer treatment, is regarded as a poor prognostic factor. We evaluated the impact of low hemoglobin (Hb) levels, measured at different time points, on a consecutive cohort of patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA-SCCHN) who underwent postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). MATERIALS AND METHODS From 2002 to 2009, 140 patients were enrolled and reviewed retrospectively. Preoperative (pre-op Hb), pre-CCRT Hb, and nadir Hb during CCRT were measured and recorded. The three Hb parameters were analyzed against several well-established pathologic risk factors and radiation-associated variables. Prognostic impacts were investigated with multivariate analysis by Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS On Cox regression analysis, significantly higher risk of death was associated with pre-op Hb ≦13 g/dL (hazard ratio [HR] =1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-3.1; P=0.023), nadir Hb ≦11 g/dL (HR =1.9; 95% CI, 1.1-3.3; P=0.020), radiation treatment time (RTT) >7 weeks (HR =1.9; 95% CI, 1.1-3.3; P=0.022), and multiple positive lymph nodes (HR =2.1; 95% CI, 1.2-3.7; P=0.010), after adjusting for primary tumor site and pathologic lymphovascular invasion. Patients with poor prognosticators including low nadir Hb ≦11 g/dL and RTT >7 weeks had a higher risk of death (HR =4.0; 95% CI =1.6-10.2; P=0.004). CONCLUSION In the treatment setting of LA-SCCHN patients who underwent postoperative CCRT, coexistance of lower nadir Hb during CCRT and prolonged RTT resulted in reduced survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Wen Su
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ji Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shing Leu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jehn-Chuan Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Chang
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Good Clinical Research Center, Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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