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Oh KY. β-catenin nuclear translocation and WNT pathway mutations in ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma: A literature review and proposal of a new molecular-based classification "WNT pathway-altered malignant odontogenic tumor". Oral Oncol 2024; 155:106907. [PMID: 38901368 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2024.106907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC) is defined as a rare type of odontogenic carcinoma that is characterized by ghost cells and occasional dentinoid. However, the current classification system based primarily on the presence of ghost cells has limitations in the diagnosis of GCOC and its histologic mimics including odontogenic carcinoma with dentinoid (OCD). This study reviewed previous studies on β-catenin nuclear translocation and WNT pathway mutations in GCOC and OCD and discussed the potential utility of a new molecular-based classification "WNT pathway-altered malignant odontogenic tumor" for these rare odontogenic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Young Oh
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Odell EW, Gomes CC, Thavaraj S. The evolving molecular characterisation, histological criteria and nomenclature of adenoid ameloblastoma as a World Health Organisation tumour type. Histopathology 2024. [PMID: 38922981 DOI: 10.1111/his.15270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Adenoid ameloblastoma (AA) was recently recognised as a separate tumour type in the most recent World Health Organisation (WHO) classification of head and neck tumours. This decision has been considered controversial by several groups, who have described AA as a subtype of ameloblastoma, a hybrid odontogenic tumour or to fall within the spectrum of other recognised odontogenic tumours, including dentinogenic ghost cell tumour and adenomatoid odontogenic tumour. Here we review the reasons for the WHO decision to classify AA as a separate tumour type. We also critique molecular and histological findings from recent reports published since the WHO classification. While acknowledging that the classification of tumours is constantly evolving, the balance of current evidence suggests that AA should remain a distinct tumour type, and not a subtype of ameloblastoma, pending further molecular characterisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward W Odell
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Carolina Cavalieri Gomes
- Department of Pathology, Biological Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Selvam Thavaraj
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Science, King's College London, London, UK
- Division of Clinical Oral Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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3
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Oh KY, Kim JH, Yoon HJ. Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst Demonstrates Recurrent WNT Pathway Mutations and So-Called Adenoid Ameloblastoma-Like Histology: Evidence Supporting Its Classification as a Neoplasm. Mod Pathol 2024; 37:100484. [PMID: 38574817 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2024.100484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC), once called calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor, is classified under the category of odontogenic cysts. However, the proliferative capacity of the lesional epithelium and consistent nuclear β-catenin expression raise questions about its current classification. This study aimed to determine whether COC would be better classified as a neoplasm in the histologic and molecular context. Eleven odontogenic lesions diagnosed as COC or calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor were included in this study. The growth patterns of the lesional epithelium were analyzed histologically in all cases. β-catenin immunohistochemistry and molecular profiling using Sanger sequencing and whole-exome sequencing were performed in 10 cases. Of the 11 cases studied, histologic features reminiscent of so-called adenoid ameloblastoma were observed in 72.7% (8/11), and small islands of clear cells extended into the wall in 36.4% (4/11). Intraluminal and/or mural epithelial proliferation was found in 72.7% of the cases (8/11). Nuclear β-catenin expression was observed focally in all 10 cases studied, mainly highlighting epithelial cells forming morules and adjacent to dentinoid. CTNNB1 hotspot mutations were detected in 60.0% of the cases (6/10). All the remaining cases had frameshift mutations in tumor-suppressor genes involved in the WNT pathway, including APC and NEDD4L. Recurrent WNT pathway mutations leading to nuclear translocation of β-catenin and distinct epithelial growth patterns found in COC are the neoplastic features shared by its solid counterpart, dentinogenic ghost cell tumor, supporting its classification as a tumor rather than a cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Young Oh
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; Department of Oral Pathology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jung Yoon
- Department of Oral Pathology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Hu SS, Yang J, Zhang HF, Chen J, Li XN, Liu FJ, Wang B. Challenging pitfalls in frozen section pathology: a case of mandible ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma and the literature review. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:450. [PMID: 38614992 PMCID: PMC11015569 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC) is a rare malignancy characterized by the presence of ghost cells, preferably in the maxilla. Only slightly more than 50 case reports of GCOC have been documented to date. Due to the rarity of this tumor and its nonspecific clinical criteria, there is a heightened risk of misdiagnosis in clinical examination, imaging findings, and pathology interpretation. CASE PRESENTATION A 50-year-old male patient presented to the hospital due to experiencing pain in his lower front teeth while eating for the past 2 months. Upon examination, a red, hard, painless mass was found in his left lower jaw, measuring approximately 4.0 cm × 3.5 cm. Based on the malignant histological morphology of the tumor and the abundant red-stained keratinized material, the preoperative frozen section pathology misdiagnosed it as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The surgical resection specimen pathology via paraffin section revealed that the tumor was characterized by round-like epithelial islands within the fibrous interstitium, accompanied by a large number of ghost cells and some dysplastic dentin with infiltrative growth. The malignant components displayed marked heterogeneity and mitotic activity. Additionally, a calcified cystic tumor component of odontogenic origin was observed. Hemorrhage, necrosis, and calcifications were present, with a foreign body reaction around ghost cells. Immunoreactivity for β-catenin showed strong nuclear positivity in tumor cells, while immunostaining was completely negative for p53. The Ki67 proliferation index was approximately 30-40%. The tumor cells exhibited diffuse CK5/6, p63, and p40 immunoreactivity, with varying immunopositivity for EMA. Furthermore, no BRAFV600E mutation was identified by ARMS-PCR. The final pathology confirmed that the tumor was a mandible GCOC. CONCLUSION We have reported and summarized for the first time the specific manifestations of GCOC in frozen section pathology and possible pitfalls in misdiagnosis. We also reviewed and summarized the etiology, pathological features, molecular characteristics, differential diagnosis, imaging features, and current main treatment options for GCOC. Due to its rarity, the diagnosis and treatment of this disease still face certain challenges. A correct understanding of the pathological morphology of GCOC, distinguishing the ghost cells and the secondary stromal reaction around them, is crucial for reducing misdiagnosis rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha-Sha Hu
- Department of Pathology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Hai-Fei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Xin-Nian Li
- Department of Pathology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Fu-Jin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, 570311, China.
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pathology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, 570311, China.
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Kim CG, Lee GW, Kim HS, Han SY, Han D, Park HM. Case report: Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma in a dog: diagnostics and surgical outcome. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1267222. [PMID: 37929281 PMCID: PMC10620927 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1267222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A 6 year-old spayed female Poodle presented with a mandibular mass. Radiographic examination revealed osteolysis from the right mandibular canine to the fourth premolar, along with horizontal bone loss and dorsal displacement of the right mandibular first and second premolars. Skull cone beam computed tomography revealed osteolysis at the level of the right mandibular canine and fourth premolar. A destructive bone lesion was observed in the apical area of the right mandibular canine, with mass invasion of the interradicular bone of the right mandibular first molar near the mandibular canal. Consequently, unilateral total mandibulectomy and skin flap surgery were performed. Histopathological examination revealed poorly demarcated and infiltrative neoplastic epithelial cells that formed small islands and trabeculae. Neoplastic cells exhibited the malignant features of cytological atypia and high mitotic activity. Furthermore, the neoplastic epithelial cells frequently showed ghost cell changes and were diagnosed as ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC). The dog was followed up for 1 year, during which no severe complications or local recurrence was observed, except for slight mandibular drift, tongue protrusion, and drooling. This case report describes the clinical features, diagnostic imaging, and histologic features of an unreported GCOC in a dog and the favorable outcome following surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Geun Kim
- Dentistry and Oral Surgery Service, Evichi Veterinary Dental Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Won Lee
- Department of Companion Animal Industry, College of Health and Welfare, Dongshin University, Naju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sil Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yong Han
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawool Han
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Myung Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Oh KY, Hong SD, Yoon HJ. Adenoid Ameloblastoma Shares Clinical, Histologic, and Molecular Features With Dentinogenic Ghost Cell Tumor: The Histologic Spectrum of WNT Pathway-Altered Benign Odontogenic Tumors. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100051. [PMID: 36788106 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2022.100051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
An epithelial odontogenic tumor called adenoid ameloblastoma (AA) has recently been included in the new WHO classification. However, AA has considerable overlapping features with a preexisting entity, dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT). This study compared the clinical, histologic, and molecular characteristics of AA and DGCT. Eight cases of odontogenic tumors initially diagnosed as AA or DGCT were included in this study. Quantitative histologic analysis, β-catenin immunohistochemistry, and molecular profiling using next generation sequencing were performed. Additionally, accumulated clinical data of AA and DGCT were statistically analyzed. Nuclear β-catenin accumulation was detected in all cases in common, although the tumors studied histologically consisted of varying combinations of the AA-like phenotype, ghost cells, and dentinoid. However, CTNNB1 hotspot mutations were not found in any case. Instead, loss-of-function mutations in tumor suppressor genes involved in the WNT pathway, including the APC, SMURF1, and NEDD4L genes, were found regardless of histologic type. In addition, KRT13 mutations were detected in 2 cases with a high proportion of ghost cells. Finally, a literature analysis revealed clinical similarities between the previously reported cases of AA and DGCT. These findings suggest that from a clinical and molecular point of view, AA and DGCT represent a histologic spectrum of WNT pathway-altered benign odontogenic tumors rather than 2 distinct tumors. Moreover, previously unidentified keratin mutations may be associated with ghost cell formation found in specific types of odontogenic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Young Oh
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea; Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Doo Hong
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jung Yoon
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Ghita I, Nagai MY, Lubek JE, Stashek KM, Basile JR, Price JB, Papadimitriou JC, Dyalram D, Younis RH. Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma Arising in a Previous Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Head Neck Pathol 2022; 16:828-835. [PMID: 35389163 PMCID: PMC9424368 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-022-01445-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC) is a rare malignant tumor of odontogenic origin, with only about 50 cases reported in the English literature so far. Histologically, it is characterized by ghost cells, dentinoid deposits, high grade malignant cellular features, and areas of necrosis and invasion. Having common histological features with other odontogenic ghost cell lesions (OGCL) like calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) and dentinogenic ghost cell tumors, it is crucial to recognize GCOC malignant features, as it can be destructive and invasive, sometimes showing distant metastases and high recurrence rate. For this reason, it may entail more aggressive surgical approach and multimodal therapeutic regimen. Here we present a case report of GCOC arising in a previous COC, treated with surgical excision that showed persistence and recurrence after two years. The clinical and histological features of this rare occurrence are presented, in addition to the surgical approach, and a summary of literature review of OGCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Ghita
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - Michael Y Nagai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Erie County Medical Center, Buffalo, NY, 14215, USA
| | - Joshua E Lubek
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Kristen M Stashek
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - John R Basile
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Jeffery B Price
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - John C Papadimitriou
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Donita Dyalram
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Rania H Younis
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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8
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Seki-Soda M, Sano T, Matsumura N, Takayama Y, Gomi A, Ogawa M, Yokoo S, Oyama T. Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma arising in dentinogenic ghost cell tumor with next-generation sequencing cancer panel analysis: A case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2022; 134:e58-e65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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de Souza Vieira G, de Pinho Montovani P, Rozza-de-Menezes RE, Cunha KSG, Conde DC. Comparative Analysis Between Dentinogenic Ghost Cell Tumor and Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma: A Systematic Review. Head Neck Pathol 2021; 15:1265-1283. [PMID: 34128137 PMCID: PMC8633206 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-021-01347-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT) and ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC) form a spectrum of rare benign and malignant odontogenic neoplasms, respectively. The aim of this study was to perform a comparative systematic review of the clinicopathological, genetic, therapeutic, and prognostic features of DGCT and GCOC. The electronic search was performed until December 2020 on seven electronic databases. Case reports, series, and research studies with enough histopathological criteria for diagnosis and all genomic studies were included. Both DGCT and GCOC showed a male prevalence (p = 0.043), with mandibular and maxillary predilections, respectively (p = 0.008). Peripheral DGCT (DGCTp) affected most elderly people (p < 0.001), and central DGCT (DGCTc) and GCOC occurred mainly in younger individuals. Unilateral enlargement of maxilla or mandible was the most common clinical sign associated with a radiolucent or mixed image. Ameloblastomatous epithelium was often present in both neoplasms. Basaloid and large cells with vesicular nuclei were also frequently seen in GCOC. β-catenin expression and mutations (CTNNB1 gene) were found in DGCT and GCOC. Conservative surgery was mostly used for DGCTp, while radical resection was chosen for DGCTc and GCOC. High recurrence rates were found in DGCTc and GCOC. Metastasis occurred in 16.7% of GCOC cases and the 5-year survival rate was 72.6%. DGCT and GCOC share numerous clinicopathological features and demand a careful histopathological evaluation, considering the overlap features with other odontogenic tumors and the possibility of malignant transformation of DGCT. A strict regular post-operative follow-up is mandatory due to high recurrence rates and metastatic capacity in GCOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo de Souza Vieira
- Graduate Program in Pathology, School of Medicine, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Rafaela Elvira Rozza-de-Menezes
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Federal Fluminense University, Av. Marquês do Paraná, 303, 4ºandar, sala 01, Centro, Niterói, RJ, 24033-900, Brazil
| | - Karin Soares Gonçalves Cunha
- Graduate Program in Pathology, School of Medicine, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Federal Fluminense University, Av. Marquês do Paraná, 303, 4ºandar, sala 01, Centro, Niterói, RJ, 24033-900, Brazil
| | - Danielle Castex Conde
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Federal Fluminense University, Av. Marquês do Paraná, 303, 4ºandar, sala 01, Centro, Niterói, RJ, 24033-900, Brazil.
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10
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Marin C, Dave M, Hunter KD. Malignant Odontogenic Tumours: A Systematic Review of Cases Reported in Literature. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2021; 2:775707. [PMID: 35048074 PMCID: PMC8757763 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.775707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Malignant odontogenic tumours (MOTs) arise either de novo from the tooth forming tissues, their developmental residues or from existing odontogenic epithelial or mesenchymal neoplasms in the jaws. Their management requires extensive surgery due to their infiltrative nature and risk of metastasis. There is a need to understand the clinical and pathological features of MOTs to inform both treatment algorithms and prognostication. This is an area of diagnostic pathology which presents substantial difficulties in diagnosis, compounded by inconsistent use of terminology. Thus, this systematic review aimed to describe the clinical and pathological features of MOTs with a view to consolidating the literature and defining problematic areas in diagnosis and classification. Methods: An electronic database search was conducted in Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, and Embase. Additionally, the grey literature and reference lists of selected papers searched for completeness. Nine hundred and sixty articles were initially identified. Following removal of duplicates and application of inclusion/exclusion criteria, 312 articles were included for qualitative analysis. Results: The 312 articles encompassed a total of 507 patients with most lesions located within the mandible (74.3%). The most common first histological diagnosis was ameloblastic carcinoma (25.7% of all diagnoses), but there is considerable variation in how and when various diagnostic terms are used, and several misdiagnoses were reported. An initial benign diagnosis was made in 24.7% of patients, followed by a later malignant diagnosis and in this sub-group, the most common benign first diagnosis was ameloblastoma (42.4%). Cervical lymph nodes were the most common site of metastasis (9.3% of patients). With respect to distant metastasis (DM), the lungs were the most common organ affected (11.2% of DM patients) with metastasising ameloblastoma the most commonly reported tumour which metastasised to the lungs. Overall, 26.8% of patients developed recurrence. Conclusion: Overall, the quality of the literature on MOTs is poor. This review of the literature has highlighted variations in diagnostic terms and criteria which has resulted in areas of confusion with potential for misdiagnosis. This consolidation of primary data has identified key areas for targeted research including further discussion on the malignant potential of ameloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza Marin
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Pathology and Surgery, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Unidad de Patología y Medicina Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Manas Dave
- Division of Dentistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Keith D. Hunter
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Pathology and Surgery, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Oral Pathology and Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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11
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Farshbaf A, Zare R, Mohajertehran F, Mohtasham N. New diagnostic molecular markers and biomarkers in odontogenic tumors. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:3617-3628. [PMID: 33822294 PMCID: PMC8021934 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06286-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Odontogenic tumors comprised of complex heterogeneous lesions that diverse from harmatomas to malignant tumors with different behavior and histology. The etiology of odontogenic tumors is not exactly determined and pathologists deal with challenges in diagnosis of odontogenic tumors because they are rare and obtained experiences are difficult to evaluate. In this study, we describe immunohistochemical and molecular markers in diagnosis of odontogenic tumors besides advanced diagnostic technique. Immunohistochemical features of odontogenic tumors beside the clinical features and radiological finding can help us to determine the correct diagnosis. Although these markers are neither specific nor sensitive enough, but analysis of gene expression provides definitive confirmation of diagnosis. In addition, "-omics" technology detected specific molecular alternation associated with etiology such as genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. The post transcriptional events such as DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling by histone modification affect the changes in epigenome. Furthermore, non-coding RNAs like micro-RNAs, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and small non-coding RNA (snoRNA) play regulatory role and impact odontogenesis. Molecular marker propose their potential role in etiopathogenesis of odontogenic tumors and suitable candidate in diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic approaches in addition to patient management. For future evaluations, organoid represents in vitro tumor model-study for tumor behavior, metastasis and invasion, drug screening, immunotherapy, clinical trial, hallmarks association with prognosis and evolution of personalized anti-cancer therapy. Moreover, organoid biobank help us to check genetic profile. We think more investigation and studies are needed to gain these knowledges that can shift therapeutic approaches to target therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alieh Farshbaf
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Zare
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farnaz Mohajertehran
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nooshin Mohtasham
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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12
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Vijayakumar G, Kamboj M, Narwal A, Devi A. Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma of anterior mandible: A rare case report with review of literature. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2021; 25:S99-S108. [PMID: 34083982 PMCID: PMC8123258 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_195_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A 24-year-old male reported to the outpatient department with a complaint of swelling of the anterior lower jaw region for 9 months with history of traumatic injury and extraction of teeth from the same region, a month before the onset of swelling. Swelling was obvious extra- and intraorally which on examination presented as a soft to firm non-tender and non-fluctuant mass with an approximate size of 4 cm × 3 cm, extending from 34 to 43 region with obliteration of labial vestibule. Panoramic radiograph and cone-beam computed tomography showed a well-defined radiolucency in the mandibular anterior region crossing the midline with erosion of labial bony plates and root of 42 along with a tooth-like radiopaque mass within the lesion. Provisional diagnoses of odontogenic keratocyst, ameloblastomas, central giant cell granuloma and calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor were listed. The histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of lesion followed by the biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopikrishnan Vijayakumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt. BD Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Mala Kamboj
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt. BD Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Anjali Narwal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt. BD Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Anju Devi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt. BD Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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Pleasance E, Titmuss E, Williamson L, Kwan H, Culibrk L, Zhao EY, Dixon K, Fan K, Bowlby R, Jones MR, Shen Y, Grewal JK, Ashkani J, Wee K, Grisdale CJ, Thibodeau ML, Bozoky Z, Pearson H, Majounie E, Vira T, Shenwai R, Mungall KL, Chuah E, Davies A, Warren M, Reisle C, Bonakdar M, Taylor GA, Csizmok V, Chan SK, Zong Z, Bilobram S, Muhammadzadeh A, D’Souza D, Corbett RD, MacMillan D, Carreira M, Choo C, Bleile D, Sadeghi S, Zhang W, Wong T, Cheng D, Brown SD, Holt RA, Moore RA, Mungall AJ, Zhao Y, Nelson J, Fok A, Ma Y, Lee MKC, Lavoie JM, Mendis S, Karasinska JM, Deol B, Fisic A, Schaeffer DF, Yip S, Schrader K, Regier DA, Weymann D, Chia S, Gelmon K, Tinker A, Sun S, Lim H, Renouf DJ, Laskin J, Jones SJM, Marra MA. Pan-cancer analysis of advanced patient tumors reveals interactions between therapy and genomic landscapes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 1:452-468. [DOI: 10.1038/s43018-020-0050-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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14
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Duarte-Andrade FF, Vitório JG, Pereira TDSF, Gomes CC, Gomez RS. A review of the molecular profile of benign and malignant odontogenic lesions. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020; 129:357-368. [PMID: 32035859 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2019.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Odontogenic cysts and tumors are heterogeneous lesions, originating from elements or remnants of the odontogenic apparatus. Although the majority of these lesions are benign and never undergo malignant transformation, rare malignant tumors may arise de novo or from benign precursors. The molecular basis of these lesions is still poorly understood. This article summarizes and discusses studies using small, medium, and large-scale and/or "-omic" techniques to describe the molecular characteristics of benign and malignant odontogenic lesions and briefly debates strategies to increase the use of "-omic" and multi-omic approaches or integrative analyses in the research of these lesions. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular aspects of odontogenic lesions by using large-scale approaches will enable us to refine the classification of this heterogeneous group of disorders and provide more accurate biomarkers for precise diagnosis, prognosis, and development of molecular tools in the management of patients with these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Fideles Duarte-Andrade
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Gardone Vitório
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thaís Dos Santos Fontes Pereira
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Carolina Cavaliéri Gomes
- Department of Pathology, Biological Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Santiago Gomez
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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15
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Abstract
Genome sequencing of cancer has fundamentally advanced our understanding of the underlying biology of this disease, and more recently has provided approaches to characterize and monitor tumors in the clinic, guiding and evaluating treatment. Although cancer research is relying more on whole-genome characterization, the clinical application of genomics is largely limited to targeted sequencing approaches, tailored to capture specific clinically relevant biomarkers. However, as sequencing costs reduce, and the tools to effectively analyze complex and large-scale data improve, the ability to effectively characterize whole genomes at scale in a clinically relevant time frame is now being piloted. This ability effectively blurs the line between clinical cancer research and the clinical management of the disease. This leads to a new paradigm in cancer management in which real-time analysis of an individual's disease can have a rapid and lasting impact on our understanding of how clinical practices need to change to exploit novel therapeutic rationales. In this article, we will discuss how whole-genome sequencing (WGS), often combined with transcriptome analysis, has been used to understand cancer and how this approach is uniquely positioned to provide a comprehensive view of an evolving disease in response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Y Zhao
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4S6, Canada
| | - Martin Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4S6, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4S6, Canada
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16
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Zhao EY, Shen Y, Pleasance E, Kasaian K, Leelakumari S, Jones M, Bose P, Ch'ng C, Reisle C, Eirew P, Corbett R, Mungall KL, Thiessen N, Ma Y, Schein JE, Mungall AJ, Zhao Y, Moore RA, Den Brok W, Wilson S, Villa D, Shenkier T, Lohrisch C, Chia S, Yip S, Gelmon K, Lim H, Renouf D, Sun S, Schrader KA, Young S, Bosdet I, Karsan A, Laskin J, Marra MA, Jones SJM. Homologous Recombination Deficiency and Platinum-Based Therapy Outcomes in Advanced Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 23:7521-7530. [PMID: 29246904 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Recent studies have identified mutation signatures of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) in over 20% of breast cancers, as well as pancreatic, ovarian, and gastric cancers. There is an urgent need to understand the clinical implications of HRD signatures. Whereas BRCA1/2 mutations confer sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapies, it is not yet clear whether mutation signatures can independently predict platinum response.Experimental Design: In this observational study, we sequenced tumor whole genomes (100× depth) and matched normals (60×) of 93 advanced-stage breast cancers (33 platinum-treated). We computed a published metric called HRDetect, independently trained to predict BRCA1/2 status, and assessed its capacity to predict outcomes on platinum-based chemotherapies. Clinical endpoints were overall survival (OS), total duration on platinum-based therapy (TDT), and radiographic evidence of clinical improvement (CI).Results: HRDetect predicted BRCA1/2 status with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94 and optimal threshold of 0.7. Elevated HRDetect was also significantly associated with CI on platinum-based therapy (AUC = 0.89; P = 0.006) with the same optimal threshold, even after adjusting for BRCA1/2 mutation status and treatment timing. HRDetect scores over 0.7 were associated with a 3-month extended median TDT (P = 0.0003) and 1.3-year extended median OS (P = 0.04).Conclusions: Our findings not only independently validate HRDetect, but also provide the first evidence of its association with platinum response in advanced breast cancer. We demonstrate that HRD mutation signatures may offer clinically relevant information independently of BRCA1/2 mutation status and hope this work will guide the development of clinical trials. Clin Cancer Res; 23(24); 7521-30. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Y Zhao
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yaoqing Shen
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Erin Pleasance
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katayoon Kasaian
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sreeja Leelakumari
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Martin Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pinaki Bose
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Carolyn Ch'ng
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Caralyn Reisle
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peter Eirew
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Richard Corbett
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karen L Mungall
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nina Thiessen
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yussanne Ma
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jacqueline E Schein
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew J Mungall
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yongjun Zhao
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Richard A Moore
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wendie Den Brok
- Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sheridan Wilson
- Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Diego Villa
- Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tamara Shenkier
- Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Caroline Lohrisch
- Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephen Chia
- Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephen Yip
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karen Gelmon
- Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Howard Lim
- Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daniel Renouf
- Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sophie Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kasmintan A Schrader
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sean Young
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ian Bosdet
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aly Karsan
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Janessa Laskin
- Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marco A Marra
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. .,Department of Medical Genetics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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17
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Newton Y, Rassekh SR, Deyell RJ, Shen Y, Jones MR, Dunham C, Yip S, Leelakumari S, Zhu J, McColl D, Swatloski T, Salama SR, Ng T, Hendson G, Lee AF, Ma Y, Moore R, Mungall AJ, Haussler D, Stuart JM, Jantzen C, Laskin J, Jones SJM, Marra MA, Morozova O. Comparative RNA-Sequencing Analysis Benefits a Pediatric Patient With Relapsed Cancer. JCO Precis Oncol 2018; 2. [PMID: 31372595 PMCID: PMC6675034 DOI: 10.1200/po.17.00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical detection of sequence and structural variants in known cancer genes points to viable treatment options for a minority of children with cancer.1 To increase the number of children who benefit from genomic profiling, gene expression information must be considered alongside mutations.2,3 Although high expression has been used to nominate drug targets for pediatric cancers,4,5 its utility has not been evaluated in a systematic way.6 We describe a child with a rare sarcoma that was profiled with whole-genome and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) techniques. Although the tumor did not harbor DNA mutations targetable by available therapies, incorporation of gene expression information derived from RNA-Seq analysis led to a therapy that produced a significant clinical response. We use this case to describe a framework for inclusion of gene expression into the clinical genomic evaluation of pediatric tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Newton
- University of California Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Mailstop CBSE, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064
| | - S Rod Rassekh
- British Columbia Children's Hospital and British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute
| | - Rebecca J Deyell
- British Columbia Children's Hospital and British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute
| | - Yaoqing Shen
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Martin R Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chris Dunham
- British Columbia Children's Hospital and British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute
| | | | - Sreeja Leelakumari
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jingchun Zhu
- University of California Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Mailstop CBSE, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064
| | - Duncan McColl
- University of California Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Mailstop CBSE, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064
| | - Teresa Swatloski
- University of California Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Mailstop CBSE, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064
| | - Sofie R Salama
- University of California Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Mailstop CBSE, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064
| | | | - Glenda Hendson
- British Columbia Children's Hospital and British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute
| | - Anna F Lee
- British Columbia Children's Hospital and British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute
| | - Yussanne Ma
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Richard Moore
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew J Mungall
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David Haussler
- University of California Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Mailstop CBSE, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064
| | - Joshua M Stuart
- University of California Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Mailstop CBSE, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064
| | - Colleen Jantzen
- British Columbia Children's Hospital and British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute
| | | | - Steven J M Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marco A Marra
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Olena Morozova
- University of California Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Mailstop CBSE, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064
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18
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Ohata Y, Kayamori K, Yukimori A, Sumikura K, Ohsako T, Harada H, Sakamoto K, Ikeda T. A lesion categorized between ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma and dentinogenic ghost cell tumor with CTNNB1 mutation. Pathol Int 2018; 68:307-312. [PMID: 29575443 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC) is a rare malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of ghost cells. It is considered to arise either de novo or from a preexisting benign precursor, calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC), or dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT). We report a case of a 44-year-old Japanese male with a left maxillary tumor. The patient received treatment to resect the left maxillary cyst 25 years prior; however, the details were uncertain. The tumor was resected with clear margins. Taken together with the results of histological and immunohistochemical examinations, the tumor was categorized between GCOC and DGCT, and we diagnosed the tumor as GCOC suggesting similarity to DGCT. Further, we focused on CTNNB1, which encodes β-catenin and is frequently mutated in COCs. In this tumor, we identified CTNNB1 Ser33Cys, one of the mutations typically found in COCs. This finding suggests that CTNNB1 is a common target for the pathogenesis of tumors accompanied by ghost cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yae Ohata
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kou Kayamori
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akane Yukimori
- Department of Diagnostic Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanako Sumikura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Ohsako
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Ikeda
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Three-dimensional volumetric analysis of ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma using 3-D reconstruction software: a case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2017; 123:e170-e175. [PMID: 28407991 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma is a very rare malignant neoplasm. Tumor volume may be a more precise alternative for determining size, which is usually measured by maximum linear dimension. The purpose of this case report is to highlight the importance of obtaining 3-dimensional (3-D) images of the tumor for volumetric analysis to improve the chances of surgical success. This report presents a case of ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma infiltrating the maxillary sinus through the palate. The lesion was surgically treated and subsequently selected for volumetric reconstruction and analysis of the tumor by using InVesalius software. In this case report, we describe the use of a pictorial technique in which the tumor volume was calculated to help predict the surgical results. RESULTS The tumor could be visualized in 3-D, with color improving the image of the segmented volume and thus increasing the perception of boundaries and depth. CONCLUSIONS Recognition of the lesion shape by volumetric analysis can provide the surgical team with clearer information, thereby helping in surgical planning and consequently increasing the chances of surgical success.
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20
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Maggi E, Montagna C. AACR precision medicine series: Highlights of the integrating clinical genomics and cancer therapy meeting. Mutat Res 2015; 782:44-51. [PMID: 26554403 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Precision Medicine Series "Integrating Clinical Genomics and Cancer Therapy" took place June 13-16, 2015 in Salt Lake City, Utah. The conference was co-chaired by Charles L. Sawyers form Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York, Elaine R. Mardis form Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, and Arul M. Chinnaiyan from University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. About 500 clinicians, basic science investigators, bioinformaticians, and postdoctoral fellows joined together to discuss the current state of Clinical Genomics and the advances and challenges of integrating Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies into clinical practice. The plenary sessions and panel discussions covered current platforms and sequencing approaches adopted for NGS assays of cancer genome at several national and international institutions, different approaches used to map and classify targetable sequence variants, and how information acquired with the sequencing of the cancer genome is used to guide treatment options. While challenges still exist from a technological perspective, it emerged that there exists considerable need for the development of tools to aid the identification of the therapy most suitable based on the mutational profile of the somatic cancer genome. The process to match patients to ongoing clinical trials is still complex. In addition, the need for centralized data repositories, preferably linked to well annotated clinical records, that aid sharing of sequencing information is central to begin understanding the contribution of variants of unknown significance to tumor etiology and response to therapy. Here we summarize the highlights of this stimulating four-day conference with a major emphasis on the open problems that the clinical genomics community is currently facing and the tools most needed for advancing this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Maggi
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Cristina Montagna
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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