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Ring NA, McHugh NM, Reed BB, Davidson-Welch R, Dodd LS. Healers and midwives accused of witchcraft (1563-1736) - What secondary analysis of the Scottish survey of witchcraft can contribute to the teaching of nursing and midwifery history. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2024; 133:106026. [PMID: 38029694 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2023.106026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nearly 4000 people were accused of witchcraft in Scotland between 1563 and 1736. Some of these were healers, midwives, and nurses. OBJECTIVE To investigate Scotland's folk-healers and midwives accused of witchcraft and review their work from a nursing and midwifery perspective. DESIGN Secondary analysis of the Survey of Scottish Witchcraft. METHODS Those on the Survey with witchcraft accusations relating to folk-healing or midwifery were identified and their biographies were created from Survey data (2021). Individual biographical data were descriptively analysed. Healing/midwifery practice information was tabulated and thematically analysed. RESULTS 142 individuals were identified (85 % women), 51 % were found guilty, 90 % were executed. Most (98 %) were folk-healers with 10 accused for midwifery reasons. Mainly their work was accused of causing harm. Three themes emerged: their use of rituals; unorthodox religious practices and treatments. Rituals included actions carried out a certain number of times. Religious practices frequently referenced Catholicism. Many of their treatments for ingestion, application or bathing used items still recognised for their health properties. Approximately, 10 % of the 142, mainly in the 1500s/early 1600s, utilised expensive items and complex treatments which had more in common with 'elite' knowledge rather than simple folklore. CONCLUSIONS Across all 142 people, many aspects of their work are identifiable within more contemporary nursing and midwifery practice including their use of rituals, treatments, and holism. Mostly the accused were folk-practitioners, but a few (1500s/early 1600s) appear to have been healers working akin to physicians. Following the Protestant reformation (1560) their work, unlike that of physicians, was marginalised, considered unorthodox and harmful because they were women and/or their work reflected Catholicism. European hospital nursing originates in the monastic houses, but little is known about these early religious nurses. This study is novel in suggesting that whoever taught these accused witch/healers may have been connected to the monastic hospitals pre-Reformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola A Ring
- Edinburgh Napier University, School of Health and Social Care, Sighthill Campus, Edinburgh EH11 4BN, Scotland, UK.
| | - Nessa M McHugh
- Edinburgh Napier University, School of Health and Social Care, Sighthill Campus, Edinburgh EH11 4BN, Scotland, UK.
| | - Bethany B Reed
- Morton Fraser Lawyers, Quartermile Two, 2 Lister Square, Edinburgh EH3 9GL, Scotland, UK.
| | - Rachel Davidson-Welch
- Edinburgh Napier University, School of Health and Social Care, Sighthill Campus, Edinburgh EH11 4BN, Scotland, UK.
| | - Leslie S Dodd
- University of Stirling, School of Arts and Humanities, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK.
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Vieira A, Moreira A, Machado JP, Robinson N, Hu XY. Is auriculotherapy effective and safe for the treatment of anxiety disorders? – A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Integr Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2022.102157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Annoni M, Buergler S, Stewart-Ferrer S, Blease C. Placebo Studies and Patient Care: Where Are the Nurses? Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:591913. [PMID: 33790812 PMCID: PMC8006311 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.591913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Annoni
- Centro Interdipartimentale per l'Etica e l'Integrità nella Ricerca, National Research Council of Italy, Roma, Italy.,Fondazione Umberto Veronesi, Milano, Italy
| | - Sarah Buergler
- Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sif Stewart-Ferrer
- Research Unit of General Practice, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Blease
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Corrêa HP, Moura CDC, Azevedo C, Bernardes MFVG, Mata LRFPD, Chianca TCM. Effects of auriculotherapy on stress, anxiety and depression in adults and older adults: a systematic review. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2020; 54:e03626. [PMID: 33111737 DOI: 10.1590/s1980-220x2019006703626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify evidence in scientific literature about the effects of auriculotherapy for treating stress, anxiety and depression in adults and older adults by analyzing the main protocols for applying the intervention. METHOD A systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA). Detailed individual search strategies were applied in February 2019 in the BDENF, CINAHL, Cochrane, CUMED, Embase, LILACS, PEDro, PubMed, Scopus, Segunda Opinião Formativa (SOF) and Web of Science databases. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Jadad Scale. RESULTS A total of 24 from the 859 articles found comprised the study sample. Of these, 22 (92%) showed a positive effect of auriculotherapy for stress, anxiety or depression. CONCLUSION The available evidence on the effects of auriculotherapy on stress, anxiety and depression proves the effectiveness of the technique in adults and older adults. However, the studies showed methodological weaknesses. Although the identified protocols are different, there are frequent similar points including Shenmen, Kidney, Autonomic Nervous System, Heart, Brain Stem and Liver 1 and 2 which can be used in new studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cissa Azevedo
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Enfermagem, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | | | - Tânia Couto Machado Chianca
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Enfermagem, Departamento de Enfermagem Básica, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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Rossettini G, Geri T, Palese A, Marzaro C, Mirandola M, Colloca L, Fiorio M, Turolla A, Manoni M, Testa M. What Physiotherapists Specialized in Orthopedic Manual Therapy Know About Nocebo-Related Effects and Contextual Factors: Findings From a National Survey. Front Psychol 2020; 11:582174. [PMID: 33192904 PMCID: PMC7606996 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.582174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge of orthopedic manual therapists (OMTs) regarding context factors (CFs) capable of triggering nocebo effects during the treatment and how this knowledge is related to their socio-demographic features. Design A cross-sectional online survey. Setting National. Main Outcome Measures A 20 items questionnaire composed by open-ended and closed single-choice questions was administered to explore: (a) socio-demographic variables (10 questions); (b) the relation between different CFs and nocebo-related effects (2 questions); and (c) the knowledge of participants about nocebo-related effects and how they managed them in the clinical practice (8 questions). Participants 1288 OMTs were recruited from the database of the Master in Rehabilitation of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MRDM) of the University of Genova from March to May 2019. Inclusion criteria were: (a) to possess a valid email account; (b) to understand and use as a native language the Italian; (c) to be graduated as OMTs; and (d) to be employed as physiotherapists specialized-OMTs during the survey. Results 791 responses were received (61.4%); 473 of them were male (59.8%), with an average age of 31.0 ± 7.1 years. OMTs defined nocebo-related effects as the psychosocial context effects around therapy and patient with specific biological bases (72.2%). OMTs know that their clinical practice is pervaded by nocebo-related effects (42.5%), triggered by CFs. Participants communicated nocebo-related effects balancing the positive features of the therapy with the negative ones (50.9%), during the decision of the therapeutic plan (42.7%). They reported associative learning as the main mechanism involved in nocebo-related effects (28.8%). OMTs taught and trained patient’s strategies to manage nocebo-related effects (39.6%) through an evaluation and correction of patient’s anxieties, doubts and expectations (37.7%). OMTs most frequently considered themselves to have a “medium” education about nocebo-related effects (48.2%) and that their management should be taught during bachelor (78.6%). Conclusion OMTs believed that nocebo-related effects were present in their clinical practice and that they can be triggered by CFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Rossettini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.,School of Physiotherapy, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Tommaso Geri
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Alvisa Palese
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Chiara Marzaro
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Mattia Mirandola
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Luana Colloca
- Department of Pain and Translational Symptom Science, School of Nursing, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mirta Fiorio
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Turolla
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Technologies, San Camillo IRCCS srl, Venezia, Italy
| | - Mattia Manoni
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Testa
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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Bayoumy HMM, Almuwallad GE, Eissa AO. Investigating Knowledge, Attitude, and Beliefs Regarding Placebo Interventions in Clinical Practice: A Comparative Study of Nursing and Medical University Students. ADVANCES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE 2020; 11:619-635. [PMID: 32982535 PMCID: PMC7498927 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s250019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placebo interventions are commonly used in medical practice for alleviating symptoms of illnesses. Placebo is considered a pseudo-medication and its use is debatable ethically, professionally, and legally. Despite that there is also a lack of evidence on understanding of placebo interventions among health profession students. Further, no previous studies have been conducted to investigate whether future nurses and physicians differ in their knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding placebo intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out for exploring knowledge, attitude, and beliefs about placebo interventions among a convenient sample of 187 medical and nursing students at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences. Data were collected using a sociodemographic data sheet and a 32-item placebo knowledge, beliefs, and attitude scale, which was developed from the evidence-based literature. Validity and reliability were ensured through utilizing a panel of experts and internal consistency analysis. RESULTS Overall mean participants' knowledge score was 7.68±2.07 (out of 15). Nursing students showed significantly higher knowledge than medical students (P=0.028). More nursing than medical students believed in the effectiveness of placebo (P˂0.001). Medical students had a stronger belief that the placebo effect is mental, while nursing students reported that it is both mental and physiologic (P˂0.006). Concerning placebo attitude, medical students significantly pointed out that it should generally be prohibited and should not be permitted unless research supports its use (P˂0.001). Both groups agreed that impure placebo intervention involves deception. CONCLUSION Participants' overall placebo knowledge was low. Inconsistencies in attitude and beliefs were shown among students. Current study findings offered a unique opportunity to better study misunderstandings for placebo, which might open the gate for misuse and place patients at risk of deception. Additionally, study findings were imperative as a relevant evidence-based recommendation for nursing and medical educators could be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Mohamed Mohamed Bayoumy
- Department of Nursing, Cairo University, Gizah, Egypt
- Department of Nursing, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center; King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Hala Mohamed Mohamed Bayoumy P.O.Box. 9515, Jeddah21423, Saudi ArabiaTel +966 565609919 Email
| | - Ghada Eissa Almuwallad
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashwag Othman Eissa
- Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Unit, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Cadorin L, Rossettini G, Testa M, Geri T, Palese A. The awareness of contextual factors, placebo and nocebo effects among nursing students: Findings from a cross-sectional study. Nurse Educ Pract 2019; 42:102670. [PMID: 31775083 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2019.102670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Contextual Factors (CFs) have been documented to influence nursing interventions and patients' outcomes triggering placebo/nocebo effects. However, given that no studies to date have explored the beliefs and the use of CFs among nursing students, a cross-sectional study was undertaken. Two Italian nursing programmes were involved and a self-administered survey tool was used. A total of 510 students participated. The majority (266; 52.2%) defined CFs as an intervention without a specific effect on the condition being treated, but with a possible nonspecific effect. They reported a substantial level of confidence in CFs and in using them more than twice/week in addition to nursing interventions to optimise clinical outcomes. Physiological and psychological therapeutic effects were mostly reported by participants in treating insomnia (n = 351; 68.8%) and chronic pain (n = 310; 60.8%). The use of CF was considered ethically acceptable when it exerted beneficial psychological effects (n = 188; 36.8%). Participants communicated to patients that a CF is a treatment that can help and will not hurt (n = 128; 25.1%). Students are aware of the value of CFs. Increasing their emphasis in nursing programmes can promote nursing students' consideration with regards to their use, their underlying mechanisms, their potential effects, as well as their ethical and comunicative implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Cadorin
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Rossettini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Savona, Italy.
| | - Marco Testa
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Savona, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Geri
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Savona, Italy.
| | - Alvisa Palese
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
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8
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Palese A, Rossettini G, Colloca L, Testa M. The impact of contextual factors on nursing outcomes and the role of placebo/nocebo effects: a discussion paper. Pain Rep 2019; 4:e716. [PMID: 31583342 PMCID: PMC6749917 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Placebo and nocebo effects represent one of the most fascinating topics in the health care field. OBJECTIVES the aims of this discussion paper were (1) to briefly introduce the placebo and nocebo effects, (2) to elucidate the contextual factors able to trigger placebo and nocebo effects in the nursing field, and (3) to debate the impact of contextual factors on nursing education, practice, organisation, and research. METHODS a narrative review was conducted based on the available evidence. RESULTS Placebo responses (from Latin "I shall please") are a beneficial outcome(s) triggered by a positive context. The opposite are the nocebo effects (from Latin "I shall harm"), which indicates an undesirable outcome(s) caused by a negative context. Both are complex and distinct psychoneurobiological phenomena in which behavioural and neurophysiological changes arise subsequent to an interaction between the patient and the health care context. CONCLUSION Placebo and nocebo concepts have been recently introduced in the nursing discipline, generating a wide debate on ethical issues; however, the impact on nursing education, clinical practice, nursing administration, and research regarding contextual factors triggering nocebo and placebo effects has not been debated to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvisa Palese
- Department Biological and Medical Science, University of Udine, Italy, Udine, Italy
| | - Giacomo Rossettini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Italy, Savona, Italy
| | - Luana Colloca
- Department of Pain Translational Symptom Science, School of Nursing, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marco Testa
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Italy, Savona, Italy
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Palese A, Cadorin L, Testa M, Geri T, Colloca L, Rossettini G. Contextual factors triggering placebo and nocebo effects in nursing practice: Findings from a national cross-sectional study. J Clin Nurs 2019; 28:1966-1978. [PMID: 30706543 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To describe contextual factors (CFs) used by nurses to increase placebo and to prevent nocebo effects. BACKGROUND Placebo effects have been studied in the nursing discipline, but nocebo effects still remain unexplored. Recently, a set of CFs functioning as triggers of placebo/nocebo effects has been described; however, its use in daily care has never been documented to date. DESIGN A national cross-sectional survey, according to the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys guidelines and STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE), was performed in 2016. METHODS A wide sample of Italian nurses belonging to four national associations was involved. A questionnaire based on CFs literature was developed and administered through the SurveyMonkey Software® exploring: (a) CFs definition, (b) beliefs, (c) case-by-case frequency of use, (d) circumstances of application, (e) clinical conditions where participants perceived their potential beneficial effects, (f) ethical implications and (g) communication issues with the patient. RESULTS Out of 1,411 eligible nurses, 455 answered (32.2%) and 425 questionnaires (30.1%) were valid for the analysis. A total of 211 nurses (49.6%) defined the CFs as an intervention with a possible aspecific effect; participants believed in the CFs (2.91; 95%CI 2.88-2.94), using them >2 times/month, mainly in addition to a nursing intervention to optimise clinical outcomes (n = 79; 18.6%). Psychological and physiological therapeutic effects have been perceived mainly in chronic pain (n = 259; 60.9%) and insomnia (n = 243; 57.2%). According to participants, CFs have been reported as ethically acceptable when exerting beneficial psychological effects (n = 148; 34.8%); however, 103 (24.2%) of nurses did not communicate to the patient when CFs were used. CONCLUSIONS Nurses are aware of CFs as elements to increase the placebo and prevent the nocebo effects in concomitance with evidence-based nursing interventions. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The CFs valued by nurses and experienced as effective are mainly based upon the internal quality of the nurse and the quality of the relationship between the nurse and the patient. These qualities require a large personal investment; therefore, nurses should be supported in developing these qualities since their nursing graduation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvisa Palese
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Lucia Cadorin
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Marco Testa
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Savona, Italy
| | - Tommaso Geri
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Savona, Italy
| | - Luana Colloca
- Department of Pain Translational Symptom Science, School of Nursing, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Anesthesiology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland.,Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Giacomo Rossettini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Savona, Italy
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Moura CDC, Iunes DH, Ruginsk SG, Souza VHS, de Assis BB, Chaves EDCL. Action of ear acupuncture in people with chronic pain in the spinal column: a randomized clinical trial1. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2018; 26:e3050. [PMID: 30183875 PMCID: PMC6136555 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.2678.3050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to assess the action of ear acupuncture on disability and tissue temperature in people with chronic pain in the spinal column. METHOD a clinical trial with a sample of 110 people, randomized into three groups: Treatment, Placebo and Control. The assessment instruments were the Rolland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and a thermographic camera, administered before the first treatment session, one week after and 15 days after (follow-up) the fifth session of ear acupuncture. In the analysis of the data, the Kruskal Wallis, Student-Newman Keuls and Wilcoxon tests were applied. RESULTS there was a significant reduction in disability in the Treatment and Placebo groups between the initial and final assessments (p<0.05) and between the initial assessments and follow-up (p<0.05). In the final assessment, the Treatment group presented improvement of disability when compared with the Placebo and Control groups (p<0.05). There was an increase in mean tissue temperature of the dorsal region between the initial and follow-up assessments in Treatment and Control groups (p<0.05), and between the final assessments and follow-up in the Treatment and Placebo groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION ear acupuncture was efficacious in reducing disability and increasing tissue temperature in people with chronic pain in the spinal column. Brazilian Register of Clinical Trials (RBR-5X69X2).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Denise Hollanda Iunes
- PhD, Associate Professor, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade
Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Silvia Graciela Ruginsk
- PhD, Adjunct Professor, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas,
Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Valéria Helena Salgado Souza
- MSc, Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Faculdade de Ciências e
Tecnologias de Campos Gerais, Campos Gerais, MG, Brazil
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Miao J, Liu X, Wu C, Kong H, Xie W, Liu K. Effects of acupressure on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting-a systematic review with meta-analyses and trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Nurs Stud 2017; 70:27-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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SmithBattle L, Pohlman S, Palmer JL, Lorenz RA, Cibulka NJ. Placebo and the Healing Process. Clin Nurs Res 2016; 25:587-589. [PMID: 27807195 DOI: 10.1177/1054773816675562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Zanotti
- Department of Molecular Medicine; Laboratory of Evidence Based and Nursing Studies; University of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - Daniele Chiffi
- Department of Molecular Medicine; Laboratory of Evidence Based and Nursing Studies; University of Padova; Padova Italy
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