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Hauser C, Stahl J, Simon M, Valenta S, Favez L, Zúñiga F. Identifying work-related factors associated with work-family conflict of care workers in nursing homes: A cross-sectional study. J Adv Nurs 2023; 79:3935-3945. [PMID: 37209293 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate which work-related factors are associated with work-family conflict of care workers in nursing homes, this study aimed to: (a) describe the prevalence of work-family conflict of care workers in nursing homes and (b) assess the association of work-related factors with work-family conflict. DESIGN Cross-sectional multicentre sub-study based on data from the Swiss Nursing Homes Human Resources Project 2018. METHODS Data were collected between September 2018 and October 2019. Work-family conflict of care workers was assessed with the Work-Family Conflict Scale (range 1-5). Prevalence was described in percentages. We used multilevel linear regression to assess the association of time-based factors (working overtime or during one's free time, employment percentage, presenteeism, shift working) and strain-based factors (staffing adequacy, leadership support) with work-family conflict. RESULTS Our study sample consisted of 4324 care workers working in a total of 114 nursing homes. Overall, 31.2% of respondents stated to have experienced work-family conflict (>3.0 on the Work-Family Conflict Scale). The overall mean score of the study sample for work-family conflict was 2.5. Care workers experiencing presenteeism 10 or more days per year showed the highest scores for work-family conflict (mean: 3.1). All included predictor variables were significant (p < .05). CONCLUSION Work-family conflict is multifactorial. Possible intervention points to tackle work-family conflict could be strengthening care workers' influence in planning work schedules, enabling flexible planning to ensure adequate staffing, lowering presenteeism and implementing a supportive leadership style. IMPACT Care workers' jobs become less desirable when workplace demands interfere with family life. This study highlights the multifaceted nature of work-family conflict and suggests intervention options to prevent care workers from experiencing work-family conflict. Action is needed at nursing home and policy level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Hauser
- Department Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Nursing Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Breast, Abdomen, Pelvis, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Stahl
- Department Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Nursing Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Nursing Development, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Michael Simon
- Department Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Nursing Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Valenta
- Department Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Nursing Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lauriane Favez
- Department Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Nursing Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- School of Engineering and Management Vaud, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland
| | - Franziska Zúñiga
- Department Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Nursing Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Gwon SH, Thongpriwan V, Kett P, Cho Y. Public health nurses' perceptions and experiences of emergency preparedness, responsiveness, and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. Public Health Nurs 2023; 40:124-134. [PMID: 36271604 PMCID: PMC9874467 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) To describe PHNs' perceptions and experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic, including training, response activities, and work-related challenges. DESIGN This was a qualitative study using interpretive description for analysis. SAMPLE PHN participants who worked in public health departments in Wisconsin were recruited using purposive sampling. A total of 15 PHNs participated in the study, including both general and supervisor-level PHNs. MEASUREMENTS Data were collected via semi-structured interviews from March to May 2021. Interview questions focused on PHNs' perceptions, experiences, response activities, and burnout in relation to the current pandemic as well as perceptions and experiences of emergency preparedness and response in general. RESULTS Five themes emerged in the study. These were: (1) experiences and observations of the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) organizational changes and their impacts, (3) public health emergency preparedness and response, (4) public health emergency response activities, and (5) role strain and burnout. CONCLUSIONS Findings presented here have important implications for PHN training and support in emergency preparedness and response. A wide array of strategies focused on developing and supporting the PHN workforce in response to the public health crisis this area need to be implemented at the organizational, community, and policy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hyun Gwon
- College of NursingUniversity of Wisconsin–MilwaukeeMilwaukeeWisconsin
| | | | - Paula Kett
- Center for Health Workforce Studies, Department of Family MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashington
| | - Young Cho
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin–MilwaukeeMilwaukeeWisconsin
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Al‐Hammouri MM, Rababah JA. Work family conflict, family work conflicts and work‐related quality of life: The effect of rotating versus fixed shifts. J Clin Nurs 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jehad A. Rababah
- Faculty of Nursing Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan
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Wu Y, Zhou X, Gong Y, Jiang N, Tian M, Zhang J, Yin X, Lv C. Work-Family Conflict of Emergency Nurses and Its Related Factors: A National Cross-Sectional Survey in China. Front Public Health 2021; 9:736625. [PMID: 34722444 PMCID: PMC8551550 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.736625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of work-family conflict (WFC) among nurses was high, especially in the emergency department. WFC has a series of negative influences on emergency nurses, but factors associated with WFC require elucidation. Thus, we conducted a national cross-sectional survey among emergency nurses in China. In this study, we described the current situation of WFC and explored its related factors among emergency nurses in China. We found that the WFC of emergency nurses was severe, and emergency nurses aged 25 to 34, male, married, highly educated, with high professional title and long years of service, perceiving the shortage of nurses, experiencing a high frequency of night shift, tended to have higher WFC. Targeted interventions, such as reasonable work allocation, adequate staffing, and a scientific night shift system should be implemented to alleviate the WFC of emergency nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Wu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanhong Gong
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengge Tian
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxv Yin
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuanzhu Lv
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Island Emergency Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU013), Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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Koy V, Yunibhand J, Turale S. Comparison of 12 and 24-hours shift impacts on ICU nursing care, efficiency, safety, and work-life quality. Int Nurs Rev 2021; 69:38-46. [PMID: 34561871 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing care quality is a central concern of health policy, and nurses' shift schedules affect the quality of care and their work-life status internationally. A lack of reliable information on the differences between 24- and 12-h shifts on care quality, nursing care quality, patient safety, and adverse and missed events warranted investigation in Cambodia. AIM We aimed to examine the impacts of 12-h shifts compared with 24-h shifts. The purpose was to find evidence to support the use of maximum 12-h shifts by registered nurses working in ICU contexts. METHOD A convergent mixed-method approach was chosen to highlight the issues around the long hours of shift work. We designed a 12-week coaching course during the implementation of 12-h shifts and assigned 30 nurses each to an experimental group and a control group. Data from quantitative surveying of 58 participants were combined with focus group discussions of 20 participants to gather qualitative insights. Pre- and post-test analysis involved descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon sign rank test for quantitative analysis and then merged with qualitative findings from content analysis. Reporting of this study was steered by the STROBE and COREQ guidelines for quantitative and qualitative findings, respectively. RESULTS Quantitative results showed the increased quality of nursing work-life, nursing care quality, and patient satisfaction; decreased missed care and adverse events were significantly associated with the 12-h shift. Qualitative data supported nurses preferring 12-h rather than 24-h shift options. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Changing rosters to 12-h shifts in the intervention caused increases in the study variables' scores. Results indicate the benefits of 12-h shifts on the quality of nursing work-life, nursing care quality, missed care, adverse events, and patient safety. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND NURSING POLICY We found that 24-h shifts had deleterious impacts on care quality and safety and nurse satisfaction with work. Health and nursing policymakers are urged to provide resources and strategize to implement 12 h shifts as soon as possible since the current 24-h shifts of nurses affect the patient quality of care and their health and safety and that of the nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virya Koy
- Deputy Director, Department of Hospital Services, Chief Nursing and Midwifery Officer in Cambodia for WHO-WPRO, Postdoctoral Researcher, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jintana Yunibhand
- Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sue Turale
- Visiting Professor, Editor in Chief, International Nursing Review, Faculty of Nursing Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Warden DH, Hughes RG, Probst JC, Warden DN, Adams SA. Current turnover intention among nurse managers, directors, and executives. Nurs Outlook 2021; 69:875-885. [PMID: 34148657 DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing leadership turnover can adversely affect nurse retention and thus quality of care. Little research has examined the way nurses at differing levels of leadership experience their workplace and voluntarily decide to leave. PURPOSE Our study sought to explore and compare intent to leave and turnover experiences of acute care nurse managers, directors, and executives. METHODS Data were collected via an online survey. Participants included nurse managers, directors, and executives from 47 states (n = 1880) working in acute care settings. FINDINGS Over 50% of respondents intend to leave their current positions within the next 5 years with reasons for leaving differing by type of nurse leader. Retirement was a factor for slightly over 30% of those nurse leaders overall and almost 50% of nurse executives. DISCUSSION Nurse managers, directors, and executives experience turnover and intent to leave differently. Most frequently, voluntary factors for leaving a position include job dissatisfaction and a desire for promotion and advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronda G Hughes
- Center for Nursing Leadership, College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Janice C Probst
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - David N Warden
- Department of Sociology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Swann Arp Adams
- College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
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Rhéaume A. Job Characteristics, Emotional Exhaustion, and Work-Family Conflict in Nurses. West J Nurs Res 2021; 44:548-556. [PMID: 33834916 PMCID: PMC9092910 DOI: 10.1177/01939459211005712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify whether emotional exhaustion, a component of burnout, mediates the relationship between job demands, job resources, and work-family conflict (WFC). A cross-sectional design was used with survey data. A total of 1,202 nurses in eastern Canada participated in this study. Data were collected via an online survey and analyzed using mediation analysis. The results indicated that job demands and emotional exhaustion predicted WFC. Moreover, emotional exhaustion partially mediated the relationship between job demands, supervisor support, and WFC. This model also showed that younger nurses had increased WFC. Our study indicates that there are several direct and indirect pathways leading to WFC. Moreover, workplace resources can reduce emotional exhaustion, which, in turn, may help maintain work-family balance in nurses. These findings contribute to the existing knowledge on the precursors and consequences of burnout symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Rhéaume
- School of Nursing, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
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Effect of Work-Family Conflict, Psychological Job Demand, and Job Control on the Health Status of Nurses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073540. [PMID: 33805465 PMCID: PMC8037057 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Work-family conflicts (WFCs) are common in the healthcare sector and pose significant health risks to healthcare workers. This study examined the effect of WFCs on the health status and nurses' leaving intentions in Taiwan. A self-administered questionnaire was used to survey 200 female nurses' experiences of WFC from a regional hospital. Data on psychosocial work conditions, including work shifts, job control, psychological job demands, and workplace justice, were collected. Health conditions were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory-II and self-rated health. Leaving intentions were measured using a self-developed questionnaire. The participants' average work experience was 6.79 (Standard Deviation (SD) = 5.26) years, their highest educational level was university, and work shifts were mostly night and rotating shifts. Approximately 75.5% of nurses perceived high levels of WFCs. Leaving intentions were correlated with WFCs (r = 0.350, p < 0.01) and psychological work demands (r = 0.377, p < 0.01). After adjusting for age, educational level, and work characteristics, high levels of WFCs were associated with poor self-rated health, and depression, but not associated with high leaving intentions. Nurses' experiences of high levels of WFCs greatly affected their health status.
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Labrague LJ, Ballad CA, Fronda DC. Predictors and outcomes of work-family conflict among nurses. Int Nurs Rev 2020; 68:349-357. [PMID: 33165960 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-family conflict, an issue important to nursing management, has been examined extensively worldwide. With an increasing number of nurses leaving and intending to leave the country, and considering the traditional family arrangement, it is increasingly relevant to examine the precursors and outcomes of work-family conflict among Filipino nurses. AIM To identify the predictors of work-family conflict and its relationship to Filipino nurses' work outcomes and perceived quality of care. METHODS A descriptive research design was utilized to collect data from one thousand one hundred (n = 1010) registered nurses with more than three months of experience working in the hospital using the Work-Family Conflict Scale, Job Satisfaction Index, Perceived Stress Scale, the two single-item measures of turnover intention, and a single-item measure of care quality. RESULTS Filipino nurses experience moderate levels of work-family conflict. Nurses' age, education, facility size, and hospital location predicted work-family conflict. Work-family predicted job satisfaction, job stress, intention to leave the organization, and perceived quality of care. CONCLUSIONS In accordance with international studies, Filipino nurses experience significant levels of work-family conflict. Addressing work-family conflict may result in improved work outcomes and increased care quality rating. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE AND POLICY Organizational measures to address work-family conflict in nurses should take into account the different predictors identified, particularly those that are modifiable. Nurses' work outcomes and care quality can be improved by employing empirically based measures to effectively address work-family conflict.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Labrague
- Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - C A Ballad
- Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - D C Fronda
- Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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