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La Cavera S, Chauhan VM, Hardiman W, Yao M, Fuentes-Domínguez R, Setchfield K, Abayzeed SA, Pérez-Cota F, Smith RJ, Clark M. Label-free Brillouin endo-microscopy for the quantitative 3D imaging of sub-micrometre biology. Commun Biol 2024; 7:451. [PMID: 38622287 PMCID: PMC11018753 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06126-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This report presents an optical fibre-based endo-microscopic imaging tool that simultaneously measures the topographic profile and 3D viscoelastic properties of biological specimens through the phenomenon of time-resolved Brillouin scattering. This uses the intrinsic viscoelasticity of the specimen as a contrast mechanism without fluorescent tags or photoacoustic contrast mechanisms. We demonstrate 2 μm lateral resolution and 320 nm axial resolution for the 3D imaging of biological cells and Caenorhabditis elegans larvae. This has enabled the first ever 3D stiffness imaging and characterisation of the C. elegans larva cuticle in-situ. A label-free, subcellular resolution, and endoscopic compatible technique that reveals structural biologically-relevant material properties of tissue could pave the way toward in-vivo elasticity-based diagnostics down to the single cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore La Cavera
- Optics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Veeren M Chauhan
- Advanced Materials & Healthcare Technologies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - William Hardiman
- Optics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Mengting Yao
- Optics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Rafael Fuentes-Domínguez
- Optics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Kerry Setchfield
- Optics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Sidahmed A Abayzeed
- Optics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Fernando Pérez-Cota
- Optics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Richard J Smith
- Optics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Matt Clark
- Optics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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Gusev VE, Thréard T, Hurley DH, Raetz S. Time-domain Brillouin scattering theory for probe light and acoustic beams propagating at an angle and acousto-optic interaction at material interfaces. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2023; 33:100563. [PMID: 37953941 PMCID: PMC10632116 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
A theory has been developed to interpret time-domain Brillouin scattering (TDBS) experiments involving coherent acoustic pulse (CAP) and light pulse beams propagating at an angle to each other. It predicts the influence of the directivity pattern of their acousto-optic interaction on TDBS signals when heterodyne detection of acoustically scattered light is in backward direction to incident light. The theory reveals relationships between the carrier frequency, amplitude and duration of acoustically induced "wave packets" in light transient reflectivity signals, and factors such as CAP duration, widths of light and sound beams, and their interaction angle. It describes the transient dynamics of these wave packets when the light and CAP encounter material interfaces, and how the light scattering by the incident CAP transforms into scattering by the reflected and transmitted CAPs. The theory suggests that single-point TDBS experiments can determine not only depth positions of buried interfaces but also their local inclinations/orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitalyi E. Gusev
- Laboratoire d’Acoustique de l’Université du Mans (LAUM), UMR 6613, Institut d’Acoustique – Graduate School (IA-GS), CNRS, Le Mans Université, France
| | - Théo Thréard
- Laboratoire d’Acoustique de l’Université du Mans (LAUM), UMR 6613, Institut d’Acoustique – Graduate School (IA-GS), CNRS, Le Mans Université, France
| | - David H. Hurley
- Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, 83415, ID, USA
| | - Samuel Raetz
- Laboratoire d’Acoustique de l’Université du Mans (LAUM), UMR 6613, Institut d’Acoustique – Graduate School (IA-GS), CNRS, Le Mans Université, France
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Yu K, Jiang Y, Chen Y, Hu X, Chang J, Hartland GV, Wang GP. Compressible viscoelasticity of cell membranes determined by gigahertz-frequency acoustic vibrations. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2023; 31:100494. [PMID: 37131996 PMCID: PMC10149280 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Membrane viscosity is an important property of cell biology, which determines cellular function, development and disease progression. Various experimental and computational methods have been developed to investigate the mechanics of cells. However, there have been no experimental measurements of the membrane viscosity at high-frequencies in live cells. High frequency measurements are important because they can probe viscoelastic effects. Here, we investigate the membrane viscosity at gigahertz-frequencies through the damping of the acoustic vibrations of gold nanoplates. The experiments are modeled using a continuum mechanics theory which reveals that the membranes display viscoelasticity, with an estimated relaxation time of ca. 5.7 + 2.4 / - 2.7 ps. We further demonstrate that membrane viscoelasticity can be used to differentiate a cancerous cell line (the human glioblastoma cells LN-18) from a normal cell line (the mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells bEnd.3). The viscosity of cancerous cells LN-18 is lower than that of healthy cells bEnd.3 by a factor of three. The results indicate promising applications of characterizing membrane viscoelasticity at gigahertz-frequency in cell diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yiqi Jiang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yungao Chen
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hu
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Junlei Chang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Gregory V. Hartland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Guo Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Corresponding author.
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La Cavera S, Pérez-Cota F, Smith RJ, Clark M. Phonon imaging in 3D with a fibre probe. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:91. [PMID: 33907178 PMCID: PMC8079419 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We show for the first time that a single ultrasonic imaging fibre is capable of simultaneously accessing 3D spatial information and mechanical properties from microscopic objects. The novel measurement system consists of two ultrafast lasers that excite and detect high-frequency ultrasound from a nano-transducer that was fabricated onto the tip of a single-mode optical fibre. A signal processing technique was also developed to extract nanometric in-depth spatial measurements from GHz frequency acoustic waves, while still allowing Brillouin spectroscopy in the frequency domain. Label-free and non-contact imaging performance was demonstrated on various polymer microstructures. This singular device is equipped with optical lateral resolution, 2.5 μm, and a depth-profiling precision of 45 nm provided by acoustics. The endoscopic potential for this device is exhibited by extrapolating the single fibre to tens of thousands of fibres in an imaging bundle. Such a device catalyses future phonon endomicroscopy technology that brings the prospect of label-free in vivo histology within reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore La Cavera
- Optics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Fernando Pérez-Cota
- Optics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Richard J Smith
- Optics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Matt Clark
- Optics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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