1
|
Zub AM, Manko BO, Manko VV. Screening of Amino Acids as a Safe Energy Source for Isolated Rat Pancreatic Acini. Pancreas 2024; 53:e662-e669. [PMID: 38696385 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Amino acids play an essential role in protein synthesis, metabolism, and survival of pancreatic acini. Adequate nutritional support is important for acute pancreatitis treatment. However, high concentrations of arginine and lysine may induce acute pancreatitis. The study aimed to identify the most suitable l -amino acids as safe energy sources for pancreatic acinar cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pancreatic acini were isolated from male Wistar rats. Effects of amino acids (0.1-20 mM) on uncoupled respiration of isolated acini were studied with a Clark electrode. Cell death was evaluated with fluorescent microscopy and DNA gel electrophoresis. RESULTS Among the tested amino acids, glutamate, glutamine, alanine, lysine, and aspartate were able to stimulate the uncoupled respiration rate of isolated pancreatic acini, whereas arginine, histidine, and asparagine were not. Lysine, arginine, and glutamine (20 mM) caused complete loss of plasma membrane integrity of acinar cells after 24 hours of incubation. Glutamine also caused early (2-4 hours) cell swelling and blebbing. Aspartate, asparagine, and glutamate only moderately decreased the number of viable cells, whereas alanine and histidine were not toxic. DNA fragmentation assay and microscopic analysis of nuclei showed no evidence of apoptosis in cells treated with amino acids. CONCLUSIONS Alanine and glutamate are safe and effective energy sources for mitochondria of pancreatic acinar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia M Zub
- From the Human and Animal Physiology Department, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tamayo-Molina YS, Velilla PA, Hernández-Sarmiento LJ, Urcuqui-Inchima S. Multitranscript analysis reveals an effect of 2-deoxy-d-glucose on gene expression linked to unfolded protein response and integrated stress response in primary human monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023:130397. [PMID: 37290716 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) binds to hexokinase in a non-competitive manner and phosphoglucose isomerase in a competitive manner, blocking the initial steps of the glycolytic pathway. Although 2-DG stimulates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, activating the unfolded protein response to restore protein homeostasis, it is unclear which ER stress-related genes are modulated in response to 2-DG treatment in human primary cells. Here, we aimed to determine whether the treatment of monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) with 2-DG leads to a transcriptional profile specific to ER stress. METHODS We performed bioinformatics analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in previously reported RNA-seq datasets of 2-DG treated cells. RT-qPCR was performed to verify the sequencing data on cultured MDMs. RESULTS A total of 95 common DEGs were found by transcriptional analysis of monocytes and MDMs treated with 2-DG. Among these, 74 were up-regulated and 21 were down-regulated. Multitranscript analysis showed that DEGs are linked to integrated stress response (GRP78/BiP, PERK, ATF4, CHOP, GADD34, IRE1α, XBP1, SESN2, ASNS, PHGDH), hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (GFAT1, GNA1, PGM3, UAP1), and mannose metabolism (GMPPA and GMPPB). CONCLUSIONS Results reveal that 2-DG triggers a gene expression program that might be involved in restoring protein homeostasis in primary cells. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE 2-DG is known to inhibit glycolysis and induce ER stress; however, its effect on gene expression in primary cells is not well understood. This work shows that 2-DG is a stress inducer shifting the metabolic state of monocytes and macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y S Tamayo-Molina
- Immunovirology Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Paula A Velilla
- Immunovirology Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellin, Colombia
| | | | - Silvio Urcuqui-Inchima
- Immunovirology Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellin, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Estêvão J, Osorio H, Costas B, Cruz A, Fernández-Boo S. Search for new biomarkers of tolerance to Perkinsus olseni parasite infection in Ruditapes decussatus clams. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 134:108566. [PMID: 36736640 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The grooved carpet shell (Ruditapes decussatus) is a clam species with high economic and social importance in several European and Mediterranean countries. Production of this species suffered a decline caused by biotic (parasite infection) and abiotic factors (environmental factors, stress, poor management methods and intensive culture of the introduced species Ruditapes philippinarum). The protozoan parasite Perkinsus olseni is also responsible for the decline of production, being nowadays one of the major issues for clam culture. Molecular biomarkers that might represent tolerance of R. decussatus to P. olseni have already been uncovered, shedding light in a possible production improvement by selecting those clams with a strongest immune response. In the present study, new tolerance biomarkers to P. olseni infection in R. decussatus were identified. The haemolymph proteomic profiles of naturally non/low-infected (tolerant) and highly-infected (susceptible) clams by the parasite across several heavy affected areas of Europe were characterized through a shotgun proteomics approach. Also, the mechanisms that might be involved in the responses against the disease in chronic infections were explored. Proteins related to energy restoration and balance, metabolic regulation, energy accumulation, ROS production, lysosomal activity, amino acid synthesis, proteolytic activity, iron regulation, iron withholding, and immune response modulation were significantly regulated in susceptible clams. In the tolerant group, proteins related to phagocytosis regulation, control of cell growth and proliferation, gonadal maturation, regulation of apoptosis, growth modulation, response to oxidative stress, iron regulation, shell development and metabolic regulation were significantly expressed. In summary, the protein expression profile of tolerant individuals suggests that an efficient pathogen elimination mechanism coupled to a better metabolic regulation leads to a tolerance to the parasite infection by limiting the spread through the tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Estêvão
- Animal Health and Aquaculture (A2S), CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Osorio
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Ipatimup-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Benjamin Costas
- Animal Health and Aquaculture (A2S), CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Cruz
- Oceano Fresco S.A, Porto de Abrigo, 2450-075, Nazaré, Portugal
| | - Sergio Fernández-Boo
- Animal Health and Aquaculture (A2S), CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hu J, Wang Z, Yang S, Lu Y, Li G. The edited UPF1 is correlated with elevated asparagine synthetase in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:3713-3720. [PMID: 35129766 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07211-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) is a malignant disorder and is the most common pancreatic cancer type. The malignant cells depend on the uptake of asparagine (Asn) for growth. The synthesis of Asn occurs through the enzyme asparagine synthetase (ASNS). Interestingly, ASNS is known as is direct target of nonsense-mediated RNA decay (NMD). We have previously reported that NMD major factor UPF1 mutations in the pancreatic tumors. However, the relationship between NMD and the level of ASNS is unknown. METHOD We constructed point mutations by site-specific mutagenesis. To evaluate NMD magnitude, we assessed the expression ratio of an exogenously expressed wild-type and mutated β-globin mRNA with N39 allele, and five known NMD targets. Then, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), RT-qPCR and western bolt to determine RNA or protein levels, after knockdown of endogenous UPF1 by small RNA interference in the cells. RESULTS An RNA editing event (c.3101 A > G) at UPF1 transcripts resulting in an Asparagine (p.1034) changed to a Serine is found in one primary PDAC patient. The edited UPF1 increases the ability of degrading of NMD provoking transcripts, such as β-globin mRNA with N39 allele and 5 out of 5 known endogenous NMD substrate mRNAs, including ASNS. In addition, ASNS mRNA is subjected to NMD degradation by virtue of its possessing uORFs at the 5'UTR. A reduction of endogenous ASNS RNA and the increased protein expression level is found either in the PDAC patient or in the cells with edited UPF1 at c.3101 A > G relative to the controls. CONCLUSIONS This edited UPF1 found in the PDAC results in hyperactivated NMD, which is tightly correlation to elevated expression level of ASNS. The targeting of knockdown of ASNS may improve the antitumor potency in PDACs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Hu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shunchao Yang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yanjun Lu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu C, Tian S, Lv X, Pu Y, Peng H, Fan G, Ma X, Ma L, Sun X. Nicotiana benthamiana asparagine synthetase associates with IP-L and confers resistance against tobacco mosaic virus via the asparagine-induced salicylic acid signalling pathway. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2022; 23:60-77. [PMID: 34617390 PMCID: PMC8659551 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Asparagine synthetase is a key enzyme that catalyses the conversion of amide groups from glutamine or ammonium to aspartate, which leads to the generation of asparagine. However, the role of asparagine synthetase in plant immunity remains largely unknown. Here, we identified a Nicotiana benthamiana asparagine synthetase B (NbAS-B) that associates with tomato mosaic virus coat protein-interacting protein L (IP-L) using the yeast two-hybrid assay and examined its role in tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) resistance. The association of IP-L with NbAS-B was further confirmed by in vivo co-immunoprecipitation, luciferase complementation imaging, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. IP-L and NbAS-B interact in the nucleus and cytosol and IP-L apparently stabilizes NbAS-B, thus enhancing its accumulation. The expressions of IP-L and NbAS-B are continuously induced on TMV-green fluorescent protein (GFP) infection. Co-silencing of IP-L and NbAS-B facilitates TMV-GFP infection. Overexpression of NbAS-B in tobacco reduces TMV-GFP infection by significantly improving the synthesis of asparagine. Furthermore, the external application of asparagine significantly inhibits the infection of TMV-GFP by activating the salicylic acid signalling pathway. These findings hold the potential for the future application of asparagine in the control of TMV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changyun Liu
- College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Shaorui Tian
- College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xing Lv
- College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yundan Pu
- College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Haoran Peng
- College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
- Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, AgroscopeNyonSwitzerland
| | - Guangjin Fan
- College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xiaozhou Ma
- College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Lisong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationCollege of HorticultureHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Xianchao Sun
- College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Grima-Reyes M, Martinez-Turtos A, Abramovich I, Gottlieb E, Chiche J, Ricci JE. Physiological impact of in vivo stable isotope tracing on cancer metabolism. Mol Metab 2021; 53:101294. [PMID: 34256164 PMCID: PMC8358691 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is growing interest in the analysis of tumor metabolism to identify cancer-specific metabolic vulnerabilities and therapeutic targets. Finding of such candidate metabolic pathways mainly relies on the highly sensitive identification and quantitation of numerous metabolites and metabolic fluxes using metabolomics and isotope tracing analyses. However, nutritional requirements and metabolic routes used by cancer cells cultivated in vitro do not always reflect the metabolic demands of malignant cells within the tumor milieu. Therefore, to understand how the metabolism of tumor cells in its physiological environment differs from that of normal cells, these analyses must be performed in vivo. Scope of Review This review covers the physiological impact of the exogenous administration of a stable isotope tracer into cancer animal models. We discuss specific aspects of in vivo isotope tracing protocols based on discrete bolus injections of a labeled metabolite: the tracer administration per se and the fasting period prior to it. In addition, we illustrate the complex physiological scenarios that arise when studying tumor metabolism – by isotopic labeling in animal models fed with a specific amino acid restricted diet. Finally, we provide strategies to minimize these limitations. Major Conclusions There is growing evidence that metabolic dependencies in cancers are influenced by tissue environment, cancer lineage, and genetic events. An increasing number of studies describe discrepancies in tumor metabolic dependencies when studied in in vitro settings or in vivo models, including cancer patients. Therefore, in-depth in vivo profiling of tumor metabolic routes within the appropriate pathophysiological environment will be key to identify relevant alterations that contribute to cancer onset and progression. In vivo isotope tracing is the state-of-the-art approach to study tumor metabolism. In vivo tracer administration challenges the physiological metabolism of mice. Interorgan conversion of the tracer might confound tumor labeling patterns. Mouse fasting before in vivo tracing impacts on systemic and tumor metabolism. Optimization is key to minimize physiological alterations linked to in vivo tracing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Grima-Reyes
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France; Equipe labellisée LIGUE Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Adriana Martinez-Turtos
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France; Equipe labellisée LIGUE Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Ifat Abramovich
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Eyal Gottlieb
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Johanna Chiche
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France; Equipe labellisée LIGUE Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Jean-Ehrland Ricci
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France; Equipe labellisée LIGUE Contre le Cancer, Nice, France.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Saito T, Wei Y, Wen L, Srinivasan C, Wolthers BO, Tsai CY, Harris MH, Stevenson K, Byersdorfer C, Oparaji JA, Fernandez C, Mukherjee A, Abu-El-Haija M, Agnihotri S, Schmiegelow K, Showalter MR, Fogle PW, McCulloch S, Contrepois K, Silverman LB, Ding Y, Husain SZ. Impact of acute lymphoblastic leukemia induction therapy: findings from metabolomics on non-fasted plasma samples from a biorepository. Metabolomics 2021; 17:64. [PMID: 34175981 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-021-01814-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is among the most common cancers in children. With improvements in combination chemotherapy regimens, the overall survival has increased to over 90%. However, the current challenge is to mitigate adverse events resulting from the complex therapy. Several chemotherapies intercept cancer metabolism, but little is known about their collective role in altering host metabolism. OBJECTIVES We profiled the metabolomic changes in plasma of ALL patients initial- and post- induction therapy. METHODS We exploited a biorepository of non-fasted plasma samples derived from the Dana Farber Cancer Institute ALL Consortium; these samples were obtained from 50 ALL patients initial- and post-induction therapy. Plasma metabolites and complex lipids were analyzed by high resolution tandem mass spectrometry and differential mobility tandem mass spectrometry. Data were analyzed using a covariate-adjusted regression model with multiplicity adjustment. Pathway enrichment analysis and co-expression network analysis were performed to identify unique clusters of molecules. RESULTS More than 1200 metabolites and complex lipids were identified in the total of global metabolomics and lipidomics platforms. Over 20% of those molecules were significantly altered. In the pathway enrichment analysis, lipids, particularly phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), were identified. Network analysis indicated that the bioactive fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-containing (22:6) triacylglycerols (TAGs), were decreased in the post-induction therapy. CONCLUSION Metabolomic profiling in ALL patients revealed a large number of alterations following induction chemotherapy. In particular, lipid metabolism was substantially altered. The changes in metabolites and complex lipids following induction therapy could provide insight into the adverse events experienced by ALL patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshie Saito
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, 750 Welch Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Yue Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaitanya Srinivasan
- Department of Computational Biology, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin O Wolthers
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cheng-Yu Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, 750 Welch Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Marian H Harris
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristen Stevenson
- Department of Data Sciences at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Craig Byersdorfer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapies, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Christian Fernandez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maisam Abu-El-Haija
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sameer Agnihotri
- School of Medicine, Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Kevin Contrepois
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lewis B Silverman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ying Ding
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sohail Z Husain
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, 750 Welch Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
| |
Collapse
|