1
|
Khampoosa P, Jones MK, Lovas EM, Piratae S, Kulsuntiwong J, Prasopdee S, Srisawangwong T, Laha T, Sripanidkulchai B, Thitapakorn V, Tesana S. Egg-Hatching Mechanism of Human Liver Fluke,Opisthorchis viverrini: A Role For Leucine Aminopeptidases From the Snail Host,Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos. J Parasitol 2018; 104:388-397. [DOI: 10.1645/16-125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. Khampoosa
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Physical Education, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon Nayok Province 26120, Thailand
- Food-Borne Parasite Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - M. K. Jones
- School of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton Campus, Gatton Queensland 4343, Australia, and Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - E. M. Lovas
- School of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton Campus, Gatton Queensland 4343, Australia, and Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - S. Piratae
- Department of Veterinary of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham Province 44000, Thailand
| | - J. Kulsuntiwong
- Department of Biology, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani Province 41000, Thailand
| | - S. Prasopdee
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - T. Srisawangwong
- Food-Borne Parasite Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - T. Laha
- Food-Borne Parasite Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - B. Sripanidkulchai
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kean 40002, Thailand
| | - V. Thitapakorn
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - S. Tesana
- Food-Borne Parasite Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Expression, Tissue Localization and Serodiagnostic Potential of Echinococcus granulosus Leucine Aminopeptidase. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041063. [PMID: 29614002 PMCID: PMC5979522 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Echinococcus granulosus is the causative agent of cystic echinococcosis (CE), a widespread parasitic zoonosis. Leucine aminopeptidases (LAPs) of the M17 peptidase family have important functions in regulating the balance of catabolism and anabolism, cell maintenance, growth and defense. In this study, we presented a bioinformatic characterization and experimentally determined the tissue distribution characteristics of E. granulosus LAP (Eg-LAP), and explored its potential value for diagnosis of CE in sheep based on indirect ELISA. Through fluorescence immunohistochemistry, we found that Eg-LAP was present in the tegument and hooks of PSCs, the whole germinal layer and adult worm parenchymatous tissue. Western blotting results revealed that the recombinant protein could be identified using E. granulosus-infected sheep serum. The diagnostic value of this recombinant protein was assessed by indirect ELISA, and compared with indirect ELISA based on hydatid fluid antigen. The sensitivity and specificity rEgLAP-ELISA were 95.8% (23/24) and 79.09% (87/110), respectively, while using hydatid fluid as antigen showed the values 41.7% (10/24) and 65.45% (72/110). This is the first report concerning leucine aminopeptidase from E. granulosus, and the results showed that Eg-LAP belong to M17 peptidase families, and that it is involved in important biological function of E. granulosus. Furthermore, rEg-LAP is appropriate for diagnosing and monitoring CE in sheep in field. Development of a rapid test using rEg-LAP to diagnose sheep CE deserves further study.
Collapse
|
3
|
Cappiello M, Spinelli M, Mormino M, Renzone G, Scaloni A, Moschini R, Balestri F, Mura U, Del-Corso A. Purification and characterization of a Cys-Gly hydrolase from the gastropod mollusk, Patella caerulea. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016; 31:1560-5. [PMID: 27541739 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2016.1158170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A magnesium-dependent cysteinyl-glycine hydrolyzing enzyme from the gastropod mollusk Patella caerulea was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity through a simple and rapid purification protocol. The molecular masses of the native protein and the subunit suggest that the enzyme has a homohexameric structure. Structural data in combination with kinetic parameters determined with Cys-Gly and compared with Leu-Gly as a substrate, indicate that the purified enzyme is a member of the peptidase family M17. The finding that an enzyme of the peptidase family M17 is responsible also in mollusks for the breakdown of Cys-Gly confirms the important role of this peptidase family in the glutathione metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Cappiello
- a Biology-Biochemistry Unit, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy and
| | - Matteo Spinelli
- a Biology-Biochemistry Unit, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy and
| | - Maurizio Mormino
- a Biology-Biochemistry Unit, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy and
| | - Giovanni Renzone
- b ISPAAM-Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, National Research Council , Naples , Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- b ISPAAM-Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, National Research Council , Naples , Italy
| | - Roberta Moschini
- a Biology-Biochemistry Unit, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy and
| | | | - Umberto Mura
- a Biology-Biochemistry Unit, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy and
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sahi S, Rai S, Chaudhary M, Nain V. Modeling of human M1 aminopeptidases for in silico screening of potential Plasmodium falciparum alanine aminopeptidase (PfA-M1) specific inhibitors. Bioinformation 2014; 10:518-25. [PMID: 25258488 PMCID: PMC4166772 DOI: 10.6026/97320630010518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum alanine M1-aminopeptidase (PfA-M1) is a validated target for anti-malarial drug development. Presence of significant similarity between PfA-M1 and human M1-aminopeptidases, particularly within regions of enzyme active site leads to problem of non-specificity and off-target binding for known aminopeptidase inhibitors. Molecular docking based in silico screening approach for off-target binding has high potential but requires 3D-structure of all human M1-aminopeptidaes. Therefore, in the present study 3D structural models of seven human M1-aminopeptidases were developed. The robustness of docking parameters and quality of predicted human M1-aminopeptidases structural models was evaluated by stereochemical analysis and docking of their respective known inhibitors. The docking scores were in agreement with the inhibitory concentrations elucidated in enzyme assays of respective inhibitor enzyme combinations (r2≈0.70). Further docking analysis of fifteen potential PfA-M1 inhibitors (virtual screening identified) showed that three compounds had less docking affinity for human M1-aminopeptidases as compared to PfA-M1. These three identified potential lead compounds can be validated with enzyme assays and used as a scaffold for designing of new compounds with increased specificity towards PfA-M1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shakti Sahi
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, 201312, India
| | - Sneha Rai
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, 201312, India
| | - Meenakshi Chaudhary
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, 201312, India
| | - Vikrant Nain
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, 201312, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Qu H, Xu Y, Sun H, Lin J, Yu J, Tang Z, Shen J, Liang C, Li S, Chen W, Li X, Wu Z, Huang Y, Yu X. Systemic and local mucosal immune responses induced by orally delivered Bacillus subtilis spore expressing leucine aminopeptidase 2 of Clonorchis sinensis. Parasitol Res 2014; 113:3095-103. [PMID: 24906994 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-014-3975-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Human clonorchiasis caused by Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis) has been increasingly prevalent in recent years so that an effective measure is essential and urgent to control the infectious disease. Oral delivery of antigens from C. sinensis may be an important approach to effectively induce both systemic and local immune responses to anti-infection of the parasite. In the current study, we used Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) spores as a delivery vehicle to introduce leucine aminopeptidase 2 of C. sinensis (CsLAP2), an excretory/secretory antigen with high immunogenicity, expressing on their surface. SDS-PAGE, western blotting, and flow cytometry indicated that CsLAP2 was successfully expressed on the surface of B. subtilis spores (CotC-CsLAP2 spores). BALB/c mice were treated with spores intragastrically. On day 31 after the treatment, we found that mice intragastrically treated with CotC-CsLAP2 spores exhibited higher IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgA level in sera as well as higher sIgA level in bile and intestinal lavage fluid compared to mice orally administrated with spores not expressing CsLAP2 (CotC spores) and naïve mice. The peak titer of IgG/IgA presented on day 31/49 after oral administration. IgG1 level was lower than IgG2a in group administrated with CotC-CsLAP2 spores. sIgA-secreting cells were obviously observed in intestinal epithelium of mice orally treated with CotC-CsLAP2 spores. After incubated with CotC-CsLAP2, the levels of IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, and TNF significantly increased in the supernatant of splenocytes isolated from mice orally treated with CotC-CsLAP2 spores, while there was no statistically significant difference of IL-4 level representing Th2 response among the groups. Our study demonstrated that oral administration of CsLAP2 delivered by B. subtilis spore elicited obvious systemic and local mucosal immunity. Secretory IgA and Th1-Th17 cellular immunity might involved in mechanisms of the immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Qu
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Paragonimiasis is a zoonotic disease caused by lung flukes of the genus Paragonimus. Humans usually become infected by eating freshwater crabs or crayfish containing encysted metacercariae of these worms. However, an alternative route of infection exists: ingestion of raw meat from a mammalian paratenic host. Adult worms normally occur in pairs in cysts in the lungs from which they void their eggs via air passages. The pulmonary form is typical in cases of human infection due to P. westermani, P. heterotremus, and a few other species (Table 5.1). Worms may occupy other sites in the body, notably the brain, but lung flukes have made their presence felt in almost every organ. Ectopic paragonimiasis is particularly common when infection is due to members of the P. skrjabini complex (Table 5.1). Human paragonimiasis occurs primarily in the tropics and subtropics of Asia, Africa, and the Americas, with different species being responsible in different areas (Table 5.1).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Blair
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Changklungmoa N, Chaithirayanon K, Kueakhai P, Meemon K, Riengrojpitak S, Sobhon P. Molecular cloning and characterization of leucine aminopeptidase from Fasciola gigantica. Exp Parasitol 2012; 131:283-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
8
|
Comparative biochemical and functional properties of two leucine aminopeptidases of Clonorchis sinensis. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2012; 182:17-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2011.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Revised: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
9
|
Song SM, Shin JW, de Guzman JV, Kim J, Yu HS, Jha BK, Kong HH, Hong Y, Chung DI. Paragonimus westermani: Identification and characterization of the fasciclin I domain-containing protein. Exp Parasitol 2010; 125:76-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2009.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2009] [Revised: 12/29/2009] [Accepted: 12/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
10
|
Mucha A, Drag M, Dalton JP, Kafarski P. Metallo-aminopeptidase inhibitors. Biochimie 2010; 92:1509-29. [PMID: 20457213 PMCID: PMC7117057 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2010.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Aminopeptidases are enzymes that selectively hydrolyze an amino acid residue from the N-terminus of proteins and peptides. They are important for the proper functioning of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, but very often are central players in the devastating human diseases like cancer, malaria and diabetes. The largest aminopeptidase group include enzymes containing metal ion(s) in their active centers, which often determines the type of inhibitors that are the most suitable for them. Effective ligands mostly bind in a non-covalent mode by forming complexes with the metal ion(s). Here, we present several approaches for the design of inhibitors for metallo-aminopeptidases. The optimized structures should be considered as potential leads in the drug discovery process against endogenous and infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artur Mucha
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rinaldi G, Morales ME, Alrefaei YN, Cancela M, Castillo E, Dalton JP, Tort JF, Brindley PJ. RNA interference targeting leucine aminopeptidase blocks hatching of Schistosoma mansoni eggs. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2009; 167:118-26. [PMID: 19463860 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2009.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2009] [Revised: 05/08/2009] [Accepted: 05/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Schistosoma mansoni leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) is thought to play a central role in hatching of the miracidium from the schistosome egg. We identified two discrete LAPs genes in the S. mansoni genome, and their orthologs in S. japonicum. The similarities in sequence and exon/intron structure of the two genes, LAP1 and LAP2, suggest that they arose by gene duplication and that this occurred before separation of the mansoni and japonicum lineages. The SmLAP1 and SmLAP2 genes have different expression patterns in diverse stages of the cycle; whereas both are equally expressed in the blood dwelling stages (schistosomules and adult), SmLAP2 expression was higher in free living larval (miracidia) and in parasitic intra-snail (sporocysts) stages. We investigated the role of each enzyme in hatching of schistosome eggs and the early stages of schistosome development by RNA interference (RNAi). Using RNAi, we observed marked and specific reduction of mRNAs, along with a loss of exopeptidase activity in soluble parasite extracts against the diagnostic substrate l-leucine-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin hydroxide. Strikingly, knockdown of either SmLAP1 or SmLAP2, or both together, was accompanied by >or=80% inhibition of hatching of schistosome eggs showing that both enzymes are important to the escape of miracidia from the egg. The methods employed here refine the utility of RNAi for functional genomics studies in helminth parasites and confirm these can be used to identify potential drug targets, in this case schistosome aminopeptidases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Rinaldi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Tropical Medicine, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
HATTA T, TSUJI N, MIYOSHI T, ALIM MA, ISLAM MK, FUJISAKI K. Leucine Aminopeptidase in the Ixodid Tick Haemaphysalis longicornis: Endogenous Expression Profiles in Midgut. J Vet Med Sci 2009; 71:589-94. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.71.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi HATTA
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agricultural and Food Research Organization
| | - Naotoshi TSUJI
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agricultural and Food Research Organization
| | - Takeharu MIYOSHI
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agricultural and Food Research Organization
| | - M. Abdul ALIM
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agricultural and Food Research Organization
| | - M. Khyrul ISLAM
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agricultural and Food Research Organization
| | - Kozo FUJISAKI
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Frontier Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University
| |
Collapse
|