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Ebenezer B, Nagashri K. Synthesis and in vitro biochemical properties, DNA binding and DNA cleavage ability of copper complexes of hydroxyflavone derivatives of novel organosulfur compounds as therapeutic agent. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 40:1159-1197. [PMID: 34612797 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2021.1985517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Novel and synthetically essential flavonoids compounds containing the organosulfur moiety from Schiff bases, as well as their copper complexes, were synthesized from chrysin and 2-(phenylthio)aniline. These complexes were characterized using elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, electronic absorption spectroscopy, IR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopy techniques. All the Cu(II) complexes exhibit square planar geometry. The in vitro antimicrobial activities of the investigated compounds were tested against the bacterial species, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae and fungal species, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium solani, Culvularia lunata, Rhizoctonia bataicola, and Candida albicans by serial dilution method. The DNA binding and DNA cleavage properties of copper complexes were studied. Free radical scavenging, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and antioxidant activities of the copper complexes have also been studied. In addition, using the egg albumin process, the in vitro anti-inflammatory efficacy of metal chelates was examined. Anti-tuberculosis and α-glucosidase inhibition activity were carried out from the prepared metal complexes. The flavonoid compounds containing the organosulfur moiety of Cu(II) complexes (1-8) exhibited better therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ebenezer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Nagashri
- Department of Chemistry, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
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Elnaggar M, Hasan ML, Bhang SH, Joung YK. Endothelial Cell-Derived Tethered Lipid Bilayers Generating Nitric Oxide for Endovascular Implantation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:6381-6393. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Elnaggar
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14-gil 5, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Md. Lemon Hasan
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14-gil 5, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology, 113 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305−333, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Ho Bhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ki Joung
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14-gil 5, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology, 113 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305−333, Republic of Korea
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Shaaban S, Zarrouk A, Vervandier-Fasseur D, S.Al-Faiyz Y, El-Sawy H, Althagafi I, Andreoletti P, Cherkaoui-Malki M. Cytoprotective organoselenium compounds for oligodendrocytes. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Kooistra RL, David R, Ruiz AC, Powers SW, Haselton KJ, Kiernan K, Blagborough AM, Solamen L, Olsen KW, Putonti C, Kanzok SM. Characterization of a protozoan Phosducin-like protein-3 (PhLP-3) reveals conserved redox activity. PLoS One 2019; 13:e0209699. [PMID: 30596727 PMCID: PMC6312279 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently identified three novel thioredoxin-like genes in the genome of the protozoan parasite Plasmodium that belong to the Phosducin-like family of proteins (PhLP). PhLPs are small cytosolic proteins hypothesized to function in G-protein signaling and protein folding. Although PhLPs are highly conserved in eukaryotes from yeast to mammals, only a few representatives have been experimentally characterized to date. In addition, while PhLPs contain a thioredoxin domain, they lack a CXXC motif, a strong indicator for redox activity, and it is unclear whether members of the PhLP family are enzymatically active. Here, we describe PbPhLP-3 as the first phosducin-like protein of a protozoan organism, Plasmodium berghei. Initial transcription analysis revealed continuous low-level expression of pbphlp-3 throughout the complex Plasmodium life cycle. Attempts to knockout pbphlp-3 in P. berghei did not yield live parasites, suggesting an essential role for the gene in Plasmodium. We cloned, expressed and purified PbPhLP-3 and determined that the recombinant protein is redox active in vitro in a thioredoxin-coupled redox assay. It also has the capacity to reduce the organic compound tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) in vitro, albeit at low efficiency. Sequence analysis, structural modeling, and site-directed mutagenesis revealed a conserved cysteine in the thioredoxin domain to be the redox active residue. Lastly, we provide evidence that recombinant human PhLP-3 exhibits redox activity similar to that of PbPhLP-3 and suggest that redox activity may be conserved in PhLP-3 homologs of other species. Our data provide new insight into the function of PhLP-3, which is hypothesized to act as co-chaperones in the folding and regulation of cytoskeletal proteins. We discuss the potential implications of PhLP-3 as a thioredoxin-target protein and possible links between the cellular redox network and the eukaryotic protein folding machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Kooistra
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Robin David
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Ana C. Ruiz
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Sean W. Powers
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Kyle J. Haselton
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Kaitlyn Kiernan
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Andrew M. Blagborough
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ligin Solamen
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Kenneth W. Olsen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Catherine Putonti
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Department of Computer Science, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Stefan M. Kanzok
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Dennison NJ, Saraiva RG, Cirimotich CM, Mlambo G, Mongodin EF, Dimopoulos G. Functional genomic analyses of Enterobacter, Anopheles and Plasmodium reciprocal interactions that impact vector competence. Malar J 2016; 15:425. [PMID: 27549662 PMCID: PMC4994321 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1468-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malaria exerts a tremendous socioeconomic impact worldwide despite current control efforts, and novel disease transmission-blocking strategies are urgently needed. The Enterobacter bacterium Esp_Z, which is naturally harboured in the mosquito midgut, can inhibit the development of Plasmodium parasites prior to their invasion of the midgut epithelium through a mechanism that involves oxidative stress. Here, a multifaceted approach is used to study the tripartite interactions between the mosquito, Esp_Z and Plasmodium, towards addressing the feasibility of using sugar-baited exposure of mosquitoes to the Esp_Z bacterium for interruption of malaria transmission. Methods The ability of Esp_Z to colonize Anopheles gambiae midguts harbouring microbiota derived from wild mosquitoes was determined by qPCR. Upon introduction of Esp_Z via nectar feeding, the permissiveness of colonized mosquitoes to Plasmodium falciparum infection was determined, as well as the impact of Esp_Z on mosquito fitness parameters, such as longevity, number of eggs laid and number of larvae hatched. The genome of Esp_Z was sequenced, and transcriptome analyses were performed to identify bacterial genes that are important for colonization of the mosquito midgut, as well as for ROS-production. A gene expression analysis of members of the oxidative defence pathway of Plasmodium berghei was also conducted to assess the parasite’s oxidative defence response to Esp_Z exposure. Results Esp_Z persisted for up to 4 days in the An. gambiae midgut after introduction via nectar feeding, and was able to significantly inhibit Plasmodium sporogonic development. Introduction of this bacterium did not adversely affect mosquito fitness. Candidate genes involved in the selection of a better fit Esp_Z to the mosquito midgut environment and in its ability to condition oxidative status of its surroundings were identified, and parasite expression data indicated that Esp_Z is able to induce a partial and temporary shutdown of the ookinetes antioxidant response. Conclusions Esp_Z is capable of inhibiting sporogonic development of Plasmodium in the presence of the mosquito’s native microbiota without affecting mosquito fitness. Several candidate bacterial genes are likely mediating midgut colonization and ROS production, and inhibition of Plasmodium development appears to involve a shutdown of the parasite’s oxidative defence system. A better understanding of the complex reciprocal tripartite interactions can facilitate the development and optimization of an Esp_Z-based malaria control strategy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1468-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Dennison
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Raúl G Saraiva
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chris M Cirimotich
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Godfree Mlambo
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Emmanuel F Mongodin
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - George Dimopoulos
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Shaaban S, Negm A, Ashmawy AM, Ahmed DM, Wessjohann LA. Combinatorial synthesis, in silico, molecular and biochemical studies of tetrazole-derived organic selenides with increased selectivity against hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:55-71. [PMID: 27343853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Novel tetrazole-based diselenides and selenoquinones were synthesized via azido-Ugi and sequential nucleophilic substitution (SN) strategy. Molecular docking study into mammalian TrxR1 was used to predict the anticancer potential of the newly synthesized compounds. The cytotoxic activity of the compounds was evaluated using hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cancer cells and compared with their cytotoxicity in normal fibroblast (WI-38) cells. The corresponding redox properties of the synthesized compounds were assessed employing 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activity and bleomycin dependent DNA damage. In general, diselenides showed preferential cytotoxicity to HepG2 compared to MCF-7 cells. These compounds exhibited also good GPx catalytic activity compared to ebselen (up to 5 fold). Selenoquinones 18, 21, 22 and 23 were selected to monitor the expression levels of caspase-8, Bcl-2 and Ki-67 molecular biomarkers. Interestingly, these compounds downregulated the Bcl-2 and Ki-67 expression levels and activated the expression of caspase-8 in HepG2 cells compared to untreated cells. These results indicate that some of the newly synthesized compounds possess anti-HepG2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Shaaban
- Organic Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, El-Gomhorya Street, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt; Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Amr Negm
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, El-Gomhorya Street, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abeer M Ashmawy
- Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Dalia M Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Organoselenocyanates and symmetrical diselenides redox modulators: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 97:190-201. [PMID: 25969171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) and disturbed intracellular redox balance have been predominantly observed in different types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Agents which can stop OS multi-stressor events and modulate the intracellular redox state are becoming a major focus in HCC prevention. Among them, compounds with glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activity are of particularly concern. We herein report the synthesis of novel series of organoselenocyanates and symmetrical diselenide antioxidants, inspired by the natural redox enzyme, GPx and the synthetic organoselenium ebselen antioxidants. Their cytotoxic activity was evaluated against Hep G2 cells and their antimicrobial activities were evaluated against Candida albicans (C. albicans) fungus as well as against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, respectively. These compounds were also tested for their antioxidant activities using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), GPx-like activity and bleomycin dependent DNA damage assays and a basic structure-activity relationship was subsequently established. The physicochemical parameters and drug-likeness were computed employing the Molinspiration online property calculation toolkit and MolSoft software. Interestingly, some compounds proved to be more cytotoxic than ebselen and the known anticancer drug 5-Fu and in the same time they showed similar, sometime even more, antifungal activity than the reference antifungal drugs. Among these compounds, compound 16 was considered to be the most interesting with free radical-scavenging activity comparable to ascorbic acid and a GPx-like activity similar to ebselen. As most of these compounds comply with Lipinski's Rule of Five, they promise good bioavailability, which needs to be studied as part of future investigations.
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