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Bellingham O, Leung TLF. How host ecology influences the parasite communities of three Australian flathead fishes, Platycephalus spp. (Scorpaeniformes: Platycephalidae). Parasitol Res 2024; 123:339. [PMID: 39358624 PMCID: PMC11457689 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08359-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of host traits, habitat, and sampling season on the prevalence and intensity of parasites in three species of platycephalid fishes. Three host species sampled were dusky flathead (Platycephalus fuscus, n = 3), blue-spotted flathead (Platycephalus caeruleopunctatus, n = 38), and tiger flathead (Platycephalus richardsoni, n = 59). A total of 14 metazoan parasite species were collected over 15 months, between July 2020 and September 2021. The parasites found included a chondracanthid copepod, adult hemiuroidean trematodes, cestode plerocercoids, larval and adult acanthocephalans, larval and adult nematodes, and an unknown species of helminth. General linear models were used to assess the relationship between host traits and sampling season with parasite infection intensity. The infection intensity of an unidentified plerocercoid species in P. caeruleopunctatus was found to be significantly associated with both sampling season and the interaction of host mass with sex. In P. richardsoni the infection intensity of the acanthocephalan, Corynosoma sp. was found to correlate with sampling season. The highest richness of parasite taxa was recorded from P. richardsoni, which may be due to the wide depth range of P. richardsoni, coupled with its generalist diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen Bellingham
- Zoology, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Tommy L F Leung
- Zoology, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
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2
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Shamsi S, Suthar J, Zhu X, Barton DP. Infection levels of Gnathostomatidae (Nematoda) larvae in commercial fishes in north-eastern Australian waters and related food safety concerns. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 403:110340. [PMID: 37541062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
The majority of research on the safety of marine edible fish has primarily focused on anisakid nematodes, neglecting the potential risks posed by other parasites, including those belonging to the family Gnathostomatidae. In Australia, there have been few reported cases of human infections with gnathostomatid parasites since 2011. However, due to the absence of a standardized diagnostic test in the country, it is believed that the actual number of infections is higher than reported. This study aimed to assess the occurrence and prevalence of infectious gnathostomatid parasites in selected commercial fish species in Australia. A total of 1947 marine fish from northern Australia, representing 9 families, 16 genera, and 30 species, were examined for gnathostomatid nematode infections. Overall, 12.3 % of the fish were found to be infected with at least one gnathostomatid larva. Among the species examined, the yellow-dabbled flounder (Branchypleura novaezeelandiae) exhibited the highest prevalence (83.3 %; n = 6) and the largest number of gnathostomatid larvae. The identification of the gnathostomatid larvae was confirmed as belonging to the genus Echinocephalus based on both morphological characteristics and sequence data. No significant correlation was observed between the prevalence, mean abundance, and mean intensity of infection with the length or weight of the examined fish species. Notably, several of the infected fish species are considered popular choices in the Australian market. Hence, it is imperative to raise awareness among relevant food safety authorities regarding the occurrence of these parasites. The findings from this study should be taken into consideration for the revision of current seafood safety protocols in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokoofeh Shamsi
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2650, Australia.
| | - Jaydipbhai Suthar
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2650, Australia
| | - Xiaocheng Zhu
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2650, Australia; Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2650, Australia
| | - Diane P Barton
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2650, Australia
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Abd El-Ghany AM, Nada MSM, Nadler SA. Morphological and molecular characterization of larval Echinocephalus sp. (Spirurida: Gnathostomatidae), a parasite of the greater lizard fish (Saurida undosquamis) and red porgy or common seabream (Pagrus pagrus). Parasitol Res 2023; 122:2405-2411. [PMID: 37610453 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07942-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Larvae of an unidentified Echinocephalus species were obtained from two fish species: red porgy or common seabream (Pagrus pagrus) and greater lizard fish (Saurida undosquamis) from the Red Sea. The prevalence of Echinocephalus sp. larvae in P. pagrus was 4.92% and 4.98% in S. undosquamis. The length, width, cephalic bulb, and spine shape and pattern of the larvae resembled Echinocephalus overstreeti. SSU gene sequences of larvae from P. pagrus and S. undosquamis were identical. Comparison of the SSU sequence to those available in GenBank showed that the larvae from P. pagrus and S. undosquamis are diagnosably distinct. Based on sequence similarity and published phylogenetic analysis, these larvae are most similar to an unknown species of Echinocephalus from an Australian sea snake (Hydrophis peronii). Despite morphological similarities of the Red Sea larvae to E. overstreeti, the SSU sequence differences show that they are not the same species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany M Abd El-Ghany
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed S M Nada
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Steven A Nadler
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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Xu Y, Zhang X, Li D, Qian K, Liu Y, Xu T, Dai L, Cheng J. The transcriptome sequencing analysis reveals immune mechanisms of soybean fermented powder on the loach ( Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) in response to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1247038. [PMID: 37662918 PMCID: PMC10471800 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1247038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus), a small commercial fish that is widely cultivated for its high-quality protein, vitamins, minerals, and essential amino acid, is a member of the genus Misgurnus and the family Cyprinidae. In this study, we gave the LPS-injected loach fermented soybean meal and used transcriptome sequencing to investigate the impact of the fermented soybean powder on the loach's immune system. 3384 up-regulated genes and 12116 down-regulated genes were found among the 15500 differentially expressed genes, according to the results. The differentially expressed genes were shown to be involved in cellular processes, metabolic processes, cellular anatomical entities, and binding, according to the Go functional annotation. Meanwhile, the KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the soybean fermented powder treated groups showed significant differences in DNA replication, Nucleotide excision repair, Fanconi anemia pathway, and Base excision repair pathways, suggesting that these pathways are closely related to the enhancement of the immune function of loach by soybean fermented powder. The particular conclusions not exclusively can provide a new conception for the rational utilization of soybean fermented powder but also can provide theoretical guidance for the subsequent healthy breeding of loach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayuan Xu
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Food Microbial Fermentation and Functional Application, Hefei, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dongqi Li
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Food Microbial Fermentation and Functional Application, Hefei, China
| | - Kun Qian
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Food Microbial Fermentation and Functional Application, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tingjuan Xu
- Gerontology Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lishang Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianghua Cheng
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Food Microbial Fermentation and Functional Application, Hefei, China
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Giari L, Castaldelli G, Timi JT. Ecology and effects of metazoan parasites of fish in transitional waters. Parasitology 2022; 149:1829-1841. [PMID: 35946119 PMCID: PMC11010487 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182022001068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Given the abundance, heterogeneity and ubiquity of parasitic organisms, understanding how they influence biodiversity, evolution, health and ecosystem functionality is crucial, especially currently when anthropogenic pressures are altering host–parasite balances. This review describes the features, roles and impacts of metazoan parasites of fish occurring in transitional waters (TW). These aquatic ecosystems are highly productive and widespread around the globe and represent most favourable theatres for parasitism given the availability of hosts (invertebrates, fishes and birds) and an increased probability of parasite transmission, especially of those having complex life cycles. Fascinating examples of how parasitism can influence different hierarchical levels of biological systems, from host individuals and populations to entire aquatic communities, through effects on food webs come from this kind of ecosystem. Edible fish of commercial value found in TW can harbour some parasite species, significantly reducing host health, marketability and food safety, with possible economic and public health consequences. Many TW are historically exploited by humans as sources of relevant ecosystem services, including fisheries and aquaculture, and they are highly vulnerable ecosystems. Alteration of TW can be revealed through the study of parasite communities, contributing, as bioindicators, for assessing environmental changes, health and restoration. Fish parasites can provide much information about TW, but this potential appears to be not fully exploited. More studies are necessary to quantify the ecological, economic and medical impacts fish parasites can have on these important ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Giari
- Department of Environment and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, St. L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castaldelli
- Department of Environment and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, St. L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Juan Tomás Timi
- Laboratorio de Ictioparasitología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Funes 3350, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
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6
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Ziarati M, Zorriehzahra MJ, Hassantabar F, Mehrabi Z, Dhawan M, Sharun K, Emran TB, Dhama K, Chaicumpa W, Shamsi S. Zoonotic diseases of fish and their prevention and control. Vet Q 2022; 42:95-118. [PMID: 35635057 PMCID: PMC9397527 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2022.2080298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish and aquatic-derived zoonotic diseases have caused considerable problems in the aquaculture industry and fishery worldwide. In particular, zoonotic diseases can pose widespread threats to humans. With the world’s growing population and potential global trade of aquaculture and fish, the risk of environmental contamination and development of fish and aquatic-derived zoonoses in humans are increasing. The important causes of zoonoses include bacteria, parasites, viruses, and fungi. The zoonotic bacterial agents are divided into two main groups: Gram-positive (Mycobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae, Erysipelothricaceae families) and Gram-negative (Aeromonadaceae, Vibrionaceae, Pseudomondaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Hafniaceae families). The premier parasitic agents include cestodes (tapeworm; e.g. Diphyllobothrium spp.), trematodes (fluke; e.g. Opisthorchis spp.), and nematodes (round worm; e.g. Anisakis spp.). In addition, protozoan organisms such as Cryptosporidium spp. are also considered fish-derived zoonotic pathogens. Two groups of fish-associated fungi causing basidiobolomycosis and sporotrichosis also pose a zoonotic risk for humans. The majority of the fish-derived zoonotic diseases are transmitted to humans mainly via the consumption of improperly cooked or raw fish or fish products. Therefore, the incidence of zoonotic diseases can be reduced by properly processing fish and fish products, e.g. by thermal (heat/freezing) treatment. The prevalence of zoonotic agents in fishes varies seasonally and should be regularly monitored to evaluate the prevalence of pathogens in both wild and cultured fish populations. This review focuses on the fish zoonotic agents/diseases and their control and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Ziarati
- Department of Microbiology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammad Jalil Zorriehzahra
- Department of Scientific Information and Communication, Iranian Fisheries Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hassantabar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University Sari, I.R. Iran
| | | | - Manish Dhawan
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
- The Trafford Group of Colleges, Manchester WA14 5PQ, United Kingdom
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Shokoofeh Shamsi
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
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Karagiorgis C, Ploeg RJ, Ghafar A, Gauci CG, Sukee T, Cutmore SC, Claybrook J, Loneragan NR, Wee NQX, Gillett AK, Beveridge I, Jabbar A. Genetic characterisation of Echinocephalus spp. (Nematoda: Gnathostomatidae) from marine hosts in Australia. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2022; 17:161-165. [PMID: 35116223 PMCID: PMC8792395 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
We genetically characterised larval and adult specimens of species of Echinocephalus Molin, 1858 (Gnathostomatidae) collected from various hosts found within Australian waters. Adult specimens of Echinocephalus were collected from a dasyatid stingray [Pastinachus ater (Macleay); n = 2] from Moreton Bay, Queensland and larvae from a hydrophiine sea snake [Hydrophis peronii (Duméril); n = 3] from Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, from an octopus (Octopus djinda Amor & Hart; n = 3) from Fremantle, Western Australia and from a lucinid bivalve [Codakia paytenorum (Iredale); n = 5] from Heron Island, Queensland Australia. All nematode samples were identified morphologically and genetically characterised using the small subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (SSU). Some morphological differences were identified between previous studies of Echinocephalus spp. and those observed herein but the significance of these differences remains unresolved. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that larval Echinocephalus sp. from H. peronii and C. paytenorum in Australia were very similar (with strong nodal support) to larval Echinocephalus sp. infecting two fish species from Egypt, Saurida undosquamis (Richardson) (Synodontidae) and Pagrus pagrus (Linnaeus) (Sparidae). The SSU sequences of larval Echinocephalus sp. from O. djinda and adults from P. ater formed a well-supported clade with that of adult E. overstreeti Deardorff and Ko, 1983 from the Port Jackson shark, Heterodontus portusjacksoni (Meyer), as well as that of the larval Echinocephalus sp., from the common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus) from Egypt. This study extends the intermediate host range of Echinocephalus larvae by including a sea snake for the first time. Findings of this study highlight the importance of genetic characterisation of larval and adult specimens of Echinocephalus spp. to resolve the current difficulties in the taxonomy of this genus. Historical morphological descriptions of larval forms of Echinocephalus provide inadequate species identification. Larval stages of Echinocephalus species from various hosts found within Australian waters were characterised. Intermediate host range of Echinocephalus larvae was extended to include a reptile. Future studies should include genetic characterisation of Echinocephalus spp. to resolve taxonomic inaccuracies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Karagiorgis
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard J. Ploeg
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Abdul Ghafar
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Charles G. Gauci
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tanapan Sukee
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Scott C. Cutmore
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Australia
| | - Jorja Claybrook
- Environmental and Conversation Sciences and Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Neil R. Loneragan
- Environmental and Conversation Sciences and Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nicholas Q-X. Wee
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Australia
| | | | - Ian Beveridge
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Abdul Jabbar
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
- Corresponding author.
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Genetic characterisation of Tanqua (von Linstow, 1879) (Nematoda: Gnathostomatidae) larval forms including new host and locality records. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2022; 17:127-132. [PMID: 35059288 PMCID: PMC8760434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In an unrelated study of spotted snakehead fish Channa punctata (Bloch) of family Channidae (N = 103) from Bangladesh, ten fish had taupe and clear coloured cysts attached to the intestinal mesentery. Investigation of the cysts revealed larval nematodes. The larvae were damaged and not suitable for detailed morphological study, however, key features such as tooth like projections of the pseudolabia and lateral pseudolabium were observed in specimens with undamaged cephalic regions. Molecular characterisation was undertaken and although the parasite genetic material was poor, five of the twelve nematode larvae through sequencing of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene, showed 98.17% match with sequences assigned for Tanqua tiara (accession number JF934728) deposited in GenBank. The prevalence of infection was 9.7% and the mean intensity 2.70. Tanqua has not previously been identified in fish, or from the definitive host, the Asian water monitor Varanus salvator (Laurenti, 1768) of family Varanidae (class Reptilia), in Bangladesh. Therefore, this study represents a new host and locality record for this nematode species. In many previous reports from this region, nematode larvae have been identified morphologically and assigned to a diverse range of nematode genera. Some confusion therefore exists regarding their accuracy and further investigations are required using molecular methodology to clarify the species of larval nematodes which infect edible fish in Bangladesh. Tanqua species identified from Channa punctata. New host and region record for Tanqua species in Bangladesh. Tanqua species identified using molecular methodology.
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Saad CB, Suthar J, Theisen S, Palm HW, Gargouri L. Echinocephalus caniculus n. sp. (Nematoda: Gnathostomatidae Railliet, 1895) from the lesser spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (L.) (Elasmobranchii: Scyliorhinidae Gill, 1862) off Tunisia, with a key to species of the genus Echinocephalus. Syst Parasitol 2022; 99:299-307. [PMID: 35288844 PMCID: PMC9023433 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-022-10027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Echinocephalus caniculusn. sp. (Nematoda, Gnathostomatidae Railliet, 1895) was isolated from the spiral valve of the lesser spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (L.) from the waters off Kalaat El Andalous, North East Tunisia. This new species is mainly characterized by a cephalic bulb armed with 31–39 transverse rows of uncinated hooks, a comparatively long oesophagus, short spicules and the presence of a gubernaculum. The new species differs from its congeners by having four cervical sacs of almost equal length, a higher oesophagus/body length ratio, the arrangement of the caudal papillae, the absence of a medioventral preanal organ and numerous scattered `pores´ limited to the lateral side of the posterior part of the body. This is the first report of a member of the genus Echinocephalus Molin, 1858 from the Tunisian coast, and a new host and locality record for the Gnathostomatidae. A key to the species of Echinocephalus is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiraz Ben Saad
- Laboratory of Diversity, Management and Conservation of Biological Systems, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, LR18ES06, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Jaydipbhai Suthar
- Aquaculture and Sea-Ranching, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefan Theisen
- Aquaculture and Sea-Ranching, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Harry W Palm
- Aquaculture and Sea-Ranching, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Lamia Gargouri
- Laboratory of Diversity, Management and Conservation of Biological Systems, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, LR18ES06, Tunis, Tunisia
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Wang M, Xu W, Zou J, Li S, Song Z, Zheng F, Ji W, Xu Z, Wang Q. The Programming of Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity, and Lipid Metabolism in Dojo Loach ( Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) Larvae Linked to Sodium Chloride and Hydrogen Peroxide Pre-treatment During Egg Hatching. Front Physiol 2021; 12:768907. [PMID: 34777025 PMCID: PMC8581469 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.768907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-nutritional stress during early life period has been reported to promote the metabolic programming in fish induced by nutritional stimulus. Sodium chloride (NaCl) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) have been widely applied during fish egg hatching, but the influences on health and metabolism of fish in their later life remain unknown. In the present study, H2O2 treatment at 400mg/L but not 200mg/L significantly increased the loach hatchability and decreased the egg mortality, while NaCl treatment at 1,000 and 3,000mg/L showed no significant influences on the loach hatchability nor egg mortality. Further studies indicated that 400mg/L H2O2 pre-treatment significantly enhanced the antioxidant capacity and the mRNA expression of genes involved in immune response of loach larvae, accompanied by the increased expression of genes involved in fish early development. However, the expression of most genes involved in lipid metabolism, including catabolism and anabolism of loach larvae, was significantly upregulated after 200mg/L H2O2 pre-treatment. NaCl pre-treatment also increased the expression of antioxidant enzymes; however, only the expression of C1q within the detected immune-related genes was upregulated in loach larvae. One thousand milligram per liter NaCl pre-treatment significantly increased the expression of LPL and genes involved in fish early development. Thus, our results suggested the programming roles of 400mg/L H2O2 pre-treatment during egg hatching in enhancing antioxidant capacity and immune response of fish larvae via promoting fish early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengya Wang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenyu Xu
- Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiahong Zou
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuaitong Li
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zixi Song
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Feifei Zheng
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingchao Wang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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