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Gao S, Li S, Wu H, Yuan Y, Ding X, Zhao J, Wang A, Cao X, Du H. Clinical features of adult patients with allergic parotitis. World Allergy Organ J 2024; 17:100864. [PMID: 38283079 PMCID: PMC10809175 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Allergic parotitis (AP), due to its non-specific symptoms, frequently poses a diagnostic challenge, leading to cases being overlooked or misdiagnosed by clinicians. Objective This study aimed to elucidate detailed clinical characteristics and common diagnostic indicators of AP. Methods A comprehensive review and analysis of medical records was conducted from patients diagnosed with AP, encompassing demographic, clinical, and laboratory data, at the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 2019 and March 2022. Results The study enrolled 17 patients, evidenced by an average age of 36.00 ± 12.95 years. Common presentations of AP among the patients included notable symptoms such as parotid gland swelling, associated pain, and xerostomia. Ten patients had other atopic diseases. Palpation revealed the affected parotid glands to be soft and nodular, with an elevated local skin temperature. The unstimulated whole saliva flow rate was decreased. Ultrasonography demonstrated increased volume, reduced echo heterogeneity, and lymph node enlargement in the affected parotid glands. All cases observed increased serum salivary amylase and total IgE levels. Investigation of food allergens and inhaled allergen-specific IgE showed that all patients had suspected food allergies. Food provocation tests (FPT) induced AP in 13 cases, confirming the role of food allergens. Conclusion Food allergens are involved in the etiology of AP, underscoring the importance of comprehensive clinical evaluation, including symptoms, signs, and confirmatory auxiliary tests, such as FPT, for accurate diagnosis and differentiation from other salivary gland pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
| | - Heming Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
| | - Xu Ding
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
| | - Ailing Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
| | - Xiumeng Cao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
| | - Hongming Du
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, 210029, PR China
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Kreyer M, Behringer V, Deimel C, Fruth B. Neopterin Levels in Bonobos Vary Seasonally and Reflect Symptomatic Respiratory Infections. ECOHEALTH 2023:10.1007/s10393-023-01633-y. [PMID: 37184594 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-023-01633-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
As environmental changes exacerbate the threat coming from infectious diseases in wild mammal species, monitoring their health and gaining a better understanding of the immune functioning at the species level have become critically important. Neopterin is a biomarker of cell-mediated immune responses to intracellular infections. We investigated the variation of urinary neopterin (uNeo) levels of wild, habituated bonobos (Pan paniscus) in relation to individual and environmental factors. We used 309 urine samples collected between 2010 and 2018 at the LuiKotale field site, DRC. Based on current knowledge on zoo-housed conspecifics and closely related species, we predicted uNeo levels to increase (1) during infections, (2) with increasing age, (3) over the gestation period and in estrous females; and (4) to vary seasonally. Our results showed uNeo levels varied over a one-year period and increased in individuals showing respiratory symptoms. Contrary to chimpanzees, uNeo levels did not vary with age or female reproductive status, possibly due to our small sample size. Our study provides a baseline for a better understanding of bonobo's immunocompetence in the context of socio-ecological pressures and for monitoring the health of wild populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélodie Kreyer
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies, Max-Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Bücklestraße 5 a, 78467, Constance, Germany.
- Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Verena Behringer
- Endocrinology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Caroline Deimel
- Research Group Evolutionary Physiology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Barbara Fruth
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies, Max-Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Bücklestraße 5 a, 78467, Constance, Germany
- Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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Ünüvar S, Erge D, Kılıçarslan B, Gözükara Bağ HG, Çatal F, Girgin G, Baydar T. Neopterin Levels and Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Activity as Biomarkers of Immune System Activation and Childhood Allergic Diseases. Ann Lab Med 2019; 39:284-290. [PMID: 30623620 PMCID: PMC6340854 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2019.39.3.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although Th2 immune activation is predominant in allergic diseases, neopterinlevels and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)-1 activity (kynurenine:tryptophan ratio), which reflect Th1 immune activity, increase with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) stimulation. We investigated neopterin, tryptophan, and kynurenine levels as biomarkersof the Th1 immune system activation and changes in IDO-1 activityin children with asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis, as well as the relationship between these biomarkers and the total IgE level, age, and disease severity. Methods We divided 205 children (80 girls and 125 boys, four months to 17 years old) into four groups: controls, patients with asthma, patients with allergic rhinitis, and patients with atopic dermatitis. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected. Neopterin levels were determined by an enzyme immunoassay. Tryptophan and kynurenine levels were analyzed using HPLC. IDO-1 enzyme activity was calculated using tryptophan and kynurenine levels. IgE levels were measured. The Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Conover post-hoc method were used for statistical analysis. Results Neopterin, tryptophan, and kynurenine levels were higher and IgE levels and IDO-1 enzyme activity were lower in patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis than in controls (P<0.05). Patients with atopic dermatitis showed higher neopterin, tryptophan, and kynurenine levels, higher IDO-1 activity, and lower IgE levels thancontrols (P<0.05). Conclusions The Th1/Th2 balance is disrupted in children with allergic diseases, concomitant with increased Th1-mediated immune response activation and reduced IgEproduction, which is promoted by Th2-type cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songül Ünüvar
- İnönü University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Duygu Erge
- Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy & Immunollogy, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Bilge Kılıçarslan
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Ferhat Çatal
- İnönü University, TurgutOzal Medical Center, Department of Pediatric Allergy & Immunology, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Gözde Girgin
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Terken Baydar
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asthma is usually misdiagnosed and under-treated in the elderly population, resulting in complications and increased severity to the patient. In this review, we describe some of the most important serum markers of asthma studied so far, reporting their outcomes and possible prediction of asthma in the elderly population. METHODS The PubMed electronic database was used to search for promising serum biomarkers of asthma studied in original articles published in peer-reviewed journals from 2000 to January 2013. RESULTS A total of 13 relevant serum biomarkers were selected, including IgE, CRP, high sensitive CRP, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, TNF-α, neopterin, serum amyloid A, eosinophil cationic protein, leukolysin, YKL-40 and soluble CD86. CONCLUSIONS Although the major focus of treatment and research has been on allergic asthma, several forms of the disease are recognized, such as neutrophilic asthma, which is characteristic of older patients. Different phenotypes imply different treatments and so it becomes important to correctly determine which type of asthma the patient is suffering from. Serum markers capable of supporting a diagnosis of asthma are needed in order to counter mistreatment and misdiagnosis with other obstructive airways disease (OAD) in elderly patients. As convenient as serum markers may seem to be, a marker capable of accurately identifying asthma with sufficient specificity is yet to be found.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Rufo
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior , Covilhã , Portugal and
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Serum neopterin in workers exposed to inorganic dust containing free crystalline silicon dioxide. Open Med (Wars) 2009. [DOI: 10.2478/s11536-008-0084-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe study was conducted among 92 male workers, divided into two groups depending on workplace and level of inorganic dust containing free crystalline SiO2 in the work environment, and 43 healthy workers without exposure to dust aerosols. The measured inhalable and respirable dust concentrations, as well as the concentration of free crystalline silica (FCS) in the respirable fraction were different for the two groups, but the percentage of free crystalline silica in the respirable fraction was almost identical. Significantly higher neopterin levels were found in workers exposed to dust, compared to the control group: 12.72 nmol/L and 6.32 nmol/L respectively (p<0.05). No significant difference was found between serum neopterin levels in both groups of the exposed workers. Among the groups with different length of service, a statistically higher neopterin level was evident only in the workers with length of service less than 10 years (p<0.05). The correlation analysis did not find a significant dependence of neopterin levels on the age of the studied workers or on the duration of smoking in packet years. The difference between neopterin levels in smokers and non-smokers was nonsignificant. The results obtained show that increased neopterin levels in the exposed workers are not influenced by individual features, duration and level of exposure to inorganic dust, but mostly by the presence of FCS in the respirable fraction.
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