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Lisek M, Boczek T, Stragierowicz J, Wawrzyniak J, Guo F, Klimczak M, Kilanowicz A, Zylinska L. Hexachloronaphthalene (HxCN) impairs the dopamine pathway in an in vitro model of PC12 cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132284. [PMID: 34563782 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Among polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), listed by the Stockholm convention as Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), hexachloronaphthalenes are considered the most toxic and raise the highest concern. Of these, 1,2,3,5,6,7-hexachloronaphthalanene (PCN67) is considered the main congener affecting human health due to its hepatotoxicity and its ability to disturb the reproductive, endocrine, and hematological systems. It is also prevalent in human serum/plasma, milk, and adipose tissue. However, little is known about its neurotoxicity, despite the fact that anorectic effects have been observed in workers occupationally exposed to PCNs and in animal research on PCN67. Since dopamine is involved in many aspects of food intake, the aim of this study was to confirm whether PCN67 affects dopamine synthesis in differentiated PC12 cells, a widely used model of neurosecretion. Our results show that exposure to PCN67 resulted in diminished dopamine content and release. Moreover, PCN67 also affected the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and lowered the expression of vesicular monoamine transporter 1 (VMAT1). In addition, significantly lower expression of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, glutathione peroxidase and copper/zinc superoxide dismutase, was observed in comparison to the vehicle. In conclusion, PCN67 appears to disturb dopaminergic transmission by altering tyrosine hydroxylation, reducing VMAT1 expression and impairing antioxidant protection. Our study provides a potential mechanism for how PCN67 may cause dopamine deficiency and contribute to neuronal death by affecting cellular antioxidant potency; however, this conclusion requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malwina Lisek
- Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Boczek
- Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215, Lodz, Poland.
| | | | - Julia Wawrzyniak
- Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning province, China.
| | - Michał Klimczak
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Anna Kilanowicz
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Ludmila Zylinska
- Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215, Lodz, Poland.
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Qiu L, Zhang W, Gong A, Li J. Isolation and identification of a 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-P-dioxin degrading strain and its biochemical degradation pathway. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:541-551. [PMID: 34150257 PMCID: PMC8172717 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00626-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to find a high-efficiency degradation strain which can biodegrade the 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-P-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD). In this paper, a new fungus strain was isolated from activated sludge of Dagu Drainage River in Tianjin which was able to degrade 2,3,7,8-TCDD in the medium. Based on its morphology and phylogenetic analysis of its 18S rDNA sequence, the strain was identified as Penicillium sp. QI-1. Response surface methodology using central composite rotatable design of cultural conditions was successfully employed for optimization resulting in 87.9 % degradation of 2,3,7,8-TCDD (1 µg/mL) within 6 days. The optimum condition for degrading 2,3,7,8-TCDD was at 31℃ and pH 7.4. The biodegradation process was fitted to a first-order kinetic model. The kinetic equation was Ct=0.939e- 0.133t and its half-life was 5.21d. The fungus strain degraded 2,3,7,8-TCDD to form intermediates, they were 4,5-Dichloro-1,2-benzoquinone, 4,5-Dichlorocatechol, 2-Hydrooxy-1,4-benzoquinone, 1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene and β-ketoadipic acid. A novel degradation pathway for 2,3,7,8-TCDD was proposed based on analysis of these metabolites. The results suggest that Penicillium sp. QI-1 may be an ideal microorganism for biodegradation of the 2,3,7,8-TCDD-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083 People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, China
- Basic Experimental Center for Natural Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Aijun Gong
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083 People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Jiandi Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083 People’s Republic of China
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Prokopec SD, Pohjanvirta R, Mahiout S, Pettersson L, Boutros PC. Transcriptomic Impact of IMA-08401, a Novel AHR Agonist Resembling Laquinimod, on Rat Liver. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061370. [PMID: 30893768 PMCID: PMC6471016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IMA-08401 (C2) is a novel aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonist and selective AHR modulator (SAHRM) that is structurally similar to laquinimod (LAQ). Both compounds are converted to the AHR-active metabolite DELAQ (IMA-06201) in vivo. SAHRMs have been proposed as therapeutic options for various autoimmune disorders. Clinical trials on LAQ have not reported any significant toxic outcomes and C2 has shown low toxicity in rats; however, their functional resemblance to the highly toxic AHR agonist 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) raises questions. Here, we characterize the hepatic transcriptomic changes induced by acute (single-dose) and subacute exposure (repeated dosing for 5 days followed by a 5-day recovery period) to C2 in Sprague-Dawley rats. Exposure to C2 leads to activation of the AHR, as shown by altered transcription of Cyp1a1. We identify a heightened response early after exposure that drops off by day 10. Acute exposure to C2 leads to changes to transcription of genes involved in antiviral and antibacterial responses, which highlights the immunomodulator effects of this AHR agonist. Subacute exposure causes an oxidative stress response in the liver, the consequences of which require further study on target tissues such as the CNS and immune system, both of which may be compromised in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raimo Pohjanvirta
- Laboratory of Toxicology, National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland.
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, University of Helsinki, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Selma Mahiout
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, University of Helsinki, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | - Paul C Boutros
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Institute for Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Suh KS, Choi EM, Jung WW, Park SY, Chin SO, Rhee SY, Pak YK, Chon S. 27-Deoxyactein prevents 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced cellular damage in MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2018; 53:561-570. [PMID: 29364047 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2018.1428275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a well-known environmental contaminant that exerts its toxicity through a variety of signaling mechanisms. The present study evaluated the effects of 27-deoxyactein, one of the major constituents isolated from Cimicifuga racemosa, on TCDD-induced toxicity in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. TCDD reduced cell survival, markedly increased apoptosis, and enhanced autophagy activity. However, pre-treatment with 27-deoxyactein attenuated all TCDD-induced effects and significantly decreased intracellular calcium (Ca2+) concentrations, the collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cardiolipin peroxidation compared to the TCDD-treated controls. Additionally, TCDD-induced increases in the levels of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were significantly inhibited by 27-deoxyactein. The mRNA levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ERK1, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were also effectively restored by pre-treatment with 27-deoxyactein. Furthermore, 27-deoxyactein significantly increased the expressions of genes associated with osteoblast differentiation, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein (BSP), and osterix. Taken together, the present findings demonstrate the preventive effects of 27-deoxyactein on TCDD-induced damage in osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Sik Suh
- a Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism , School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Choi
- a Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism , School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Woon-Won Jung
- b Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science , College of Health Sciences, Cheongju University , Cheongju , Chungbuk , Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Park
- c Department of Medicine , Graduate School, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ouk Chin
- a Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism , School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Youl Rhee
- a Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism , School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmi Kim Pak
- d Department of Physiology , School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Chon
- a Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism , School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Houlahan KE, Prokopec SD, Sun RX, Moffat ID, Lindén J, Lensu S, Okey AB, Pohjanvirta R, Boutros PC. Transcriptional profiling of rat white adipose tissue response to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-ρ-dioxin. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 288:223-31. [PMID: 26232522 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins are environmental contaminants commonly produced as a by-product of industrial processes. The most potent of these, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-ρ-dioxin (TCDD), is highly lipophilic, leading to bioaccumulation. White adipose tissue (WAT) is a major site for energy storage, and is one of the organs in which TCDD accumulates. In laboratory animals, exposure to TCDD causes numerous metabolic abnormalities, including a wasting syndrome. We therefore investigated the molecular effects of TCDD exposure on WAT by profiling the transcriptomic response of WAT to 100μg/kg of TCDD at 1 or 4days in TCDD-sensitive Long-Evans (Turku/AB; L-E) rats. A comparative analysis was conducted simultaneously in identically treated TCDD-resistant Han/Wistar (Kuopio; H/W) rats one day after exposure to the same dose. We sought to identify transcriptomic changes coinciding with the onset of toxicity, while gaining additional insight into later responses. More transcriptional responses to TCDD were observed at 4days than at 1day post-exposure, suggesting WAT shows mostly secondary responses. Two classic AHR-regulated genes, Cyp1a1 and Nqo1, were significantly induced by TCDD in both strains, while several genes involved in the immune response, including Ms4a7 and F13a1 were altered in L-E rats alone. We compared genes affected by TCDD in rat WAT and human adipose cells, and observed little overlap. Interestingly, very few genes involved in lipid metabolism exhibited altered expression levels despite the pronounced lipid mobilization from peripheral fat pads by TCDD in L-E rats. Of these genes, the lipolysis-associated Lpin1 was induced slightly over 2-fold in L-E rat WAT on day 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E Houlahan
- Informatics and Bio-Computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stephenie D Prokopec
- Informatics and Bio-Computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ren X Sun
- Informatics and Bio-Computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ivy D Moffat
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jere Lindén
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanna Lensu
- Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Allan B Okey
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Raimo Pohjanvirta
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Informatics and Bio-Computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Houlahan KE, Prokopec SD, Moffat ID, Lindén J, Lensu S, Okey AB, Pohjanvirta R, Boutros PC. Transcriptional profiling of rat hypothalamus response to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- ρ -dioxin. Toxicology 2015; 328:93-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Ilavarasi K, Chermakani P, Arif Nisha S, Sheeja Malar D, Pandima Devi K. Antioxidant compounds in the seaweedGelidiella acerosaprotects human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells against TCDD induced toxicity. Drug Chem Toxicol 2014; 38:133-44. [DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2014.919582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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