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Evaluation of food intake and Fos expression in serotonergic neurons of raphe nuclei after intracerebroventricular injection of adrenaline in free-feeding rats. Brain Res 2018; 1678:153-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Hajinezhad MR, Hasanein P, Mokhtarpour A. Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) Receptors are Involved in Adrenaline-Induced Feeding Behavior in Broiler Cockerels. Int J Pept Res Ther 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-017-9623-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Silva ESD, Flores RA, Ribas AS, Taschetto AP, Faria MS, Lima LB, Metzger M, Donato J, Paschoalini MA. Injections of the of the α 1 -adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin into the median raphe nucleus increase food intake and Fos expression in orexin neurons of free-feeding rats. Behav Brain Res 2017; 324:87-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Atzori M, Cuevas-Olguin R, Esquivel-Rendon E, Garcia-Oscos F, Salgado-Delgado RC, Saderi N, Miranda-Morales M, Treviño M, Pineda JC, Salgado H. Locus Ceruleus Norepinephrine Release: A Central Regulator of CNS Spatio-Temporal Activation? Front Synaptic Neurosci 2016; 8:25. [PMID: 27616990 PMCID: PMC4999448 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2016.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Norepinephrine (NE) is synthesized in the Locus Coeruleus (LC) of the brainstem, from where it is released by axonal varicosities throughout the brain via volume transmission. A wealth of data from clinics and from animal models indicates that this catecholamine coordinates the activity of the central nervous system (CNS) and of the whole organism by modulating cell function in a vast number of brain areas in a coordinated manner. The ubiquity of NE receptors, the daunting number of cerebral areas regulated by the catecholamine, as well as the variety of cellular effects and of their timescales have contributed so far to defeat the attempts to integrate central adrenergic function into a unitary and coherent framework. Since three main families of NE receptors are represented-in order of decreasing affinity for the catecholamine-by: α2 adrenoceptors (α2Rs, high affinity), α1 adrenoceptors (α1Rs, intermediate affinity), and β adrenoceptors (βRs, low affinity), on a pharmacological basis, and on the ground of recent studies on cellular and systemic central noradrenergic effects, we propose that an increase in LC tonic activity promotes the emergence of four global states covering the whole spectrum of brain activation: (1) sleep: virtual absence of NE, (2) quiet wake: activation of α2Rs, (3) active wake/physiological stress: activation of α2- and α1-Rs, (4) distress: activation of α2-, α1-, and β-Rs. We postulate that excess intensity and/or duration of states (3) and (4) may lead to maladaptive plasticity, causing-in turn-a variety of neuropsychiatric illnesses including depression, schizophrenic psychoses, anxiety disorders, and attention deficit. The interplay between tonic and phasic LC activity identified in the LC in relationship with behavioral response is of critical importance in defining the short- and long-term biological mechanisms associated with the basic states postulated for the CNS. While the model has the potential to explain a large number of experimental and clinical findings, a major challenge will be to adapt this hypothesis to integrate the role of other neurotransmitters released during stress in a centralized fashion, like serotonin, acetylcholine, and histamine, as well as those released in a non-centralized fashion, like purines and cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Atzori
- Neurobiology of Stress Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis PotosíSan Luis Potosí, Mexico; School for Behavior and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at DallasRichardson, TX, USA
| | - Roberto Cuevas-Olguin
- Neurobiology of Stress Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Eric Esquivel-Rendon
- Neurobiology of Stress Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | | | - Roberto C Salgado-Delgado
- Neurobiology of Stress Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Nadia Saderi
- Neurobiology of Stress Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Marcela Miranda-Morales
- Neurobiology of Stress Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Mario Treviño
- Laboratory of Cortical Plasticity and Learning, Universidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Juan C Pineda
- Electrophysiology Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán Mérida, Mexico
| | - Humberto Salgado
- Electrophysiology Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán Mérida, Mexico
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Levone BR, Cella EC, Kochenborger L, da Silva ES, Taschetto APD, Mansur SS, Terenzi MG, Faria MS, Paschoalini MA. Ingestive and locomotor behaviours induced by pharmacological manipulation of <Alpha>-adrenoceptors into the median raphe nucleus. Neuropharmacology 2014; 89:136-45. [PMID: 25261784 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the involvement of α-adrenoceptors of the median raphe nucleus (MRN) in satiated rats, in food and water intake and motor behaviour. Control groups were treated with saline (SAL) or adrenaline (ADR), injected into the MRN seven minutes after injection of the vehicle used to solubilize the antagonists, propylene glycol (PLG) or SAL. Experimental groups were treated with an α-adrenoceptor antagonist, prazosin (α1, 20 or 40 nmol) or yohimbine (α2, 20 or 40 nmol) or phentolamine (non-selective α, 20 or 40 nmol), followed (later) by injection of ADR or SAL. Behaviour was recorded for 30 min. The injection of ADR and the blockade of α1 receptors resulted in hyperphagia whereas blocking α2 or α1 and α2 simultaneously did not change feeding behaviour. Pre-treatment with prazosin, followed by injection of ADR was not able to cause an increase in the amount of food ingested, while the higher dose of the α1 antagonist reduced the latency to start feeding. Pre-treatment with prazosin also caused hyperactivity. However, pre-treatment with phentolamine or yohimbine was able to block ADR-induced feeding. The present study supports the hypothesis that there is a tonic activation of α1-adrenoceptors in the MRN in satiated rats, which activates an inhibitory influence in areas that control food intake. Injection of ADR seems to activate α2 receptors, resulting in a decrease in the availability of endogenous catecholamines, which reduces the release of the signal that inhibits food intake, leading to hyperphagia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brunno Rocha Levone
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Elisa Caroline Cella
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Larissa Kochenborger
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Simão da Silva
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Dambros Taschetto
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Samira Schultz Mansur
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Graciela Terenzi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Moacir Serralvo Faria
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Marta Aparecida Paschoalini
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
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