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Treister-Goltzman Y, Liberty IF, Peleg R. Ethnicity Affects A1C Levels in Patients With Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes in Southern Israel. Diabetes Spectr 2023; 37:86-94. [PMID: 38385090 PMCID: PMC10877214 DOI: 10.2337/ds23-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Purpose To assess whether ethnicity affects the association between A1C and fasting glucose in people with type 2 diabetes. Methods This investigation was an epidemiological, cross-sectional study based on computerized medical records of the Southern District of Clalit Health Services. The study population comprised patients ≥40 years of age with type 2 diabetes who underwent blood tests between 8 August 2015 and 20 July 2020. A normal-error multiple linear regression model was used to assess differences in associations among ethnic groups (i.e., Arabs, Ethiopian Jews, and non-Ethiopian Jews) and A1C. Results A total of 59,432 patients with type 2 diabetes were included in the study. Of these, 1,804 were Jews of Ethiopian origin, 49,296 were non-Ethiopian Jews, and 8,332 were Arabs. Compared with non-Ethiopian Jews, A1C levels were increased by 0.1% (1 mmol/mol) among Ethiopian Jews and by 0.3% (3 mmol/mol) among Arabs. Ethnicity was a strong predictor of A1C, explaining 0.6% of its variance. An A1C level of 7% (53 mmol/mol) correlated with fasting glucose levels of 141, 136, and 126 mg/dL in non-Ethiopian Jews, Ethiopian Jews, and Arabs, respectively. Conclusion Ethnic differences in A1C should be considered by clinicians, researchers, and policymakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Treister-Goltzman
- Department of Family Medicine and Siaal Research Center for Family Practice and Primary Care, Haim Doron Division of Community Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Clalit Health Services, Southern District, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Idit F. Liberty
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Diabetes Clinic, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Roni Peleg
- Department of Family Medicine and Siaal Research Center for Family Practice and Primary Care, Haim Doron Division of Community Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Clalit Health Services, Southern District, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Chawla R, Madhu SV, Makkar BM, Ghosh S, Saboo B, Kalra S. RSSDI-ESI Clinical Practice Recommendations for the Management
of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 2020. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2020. [PMCID: PMC7371966 DOI: 10.1007/s13410-020-00819-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Chawla
- North Delhi Diabetes Centre Rohini, New Delhi, India
| | - S. V. Madhu
- Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, UCMS-GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - B. M. Makkar
- Dr Makkar’s Diabetes & Obesity Centre Paschim Vihar, New Delhi, India
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, West Bengal India
| | - Banshi Saboo
- DiaCare - A Complete Diabetes Care Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Sanjay Kalra
- Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, Haryana India
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Alawadi F, Abusnana S, Afandi B, Aldahmani K, Alhajeri O, Aljaberi K, Alkaabi J, Almadani A, Bashier A, Beshyah S, bin Belaila B, Fargaly M, Farooqi M, Hafidh K, Hassanein M, Hassoun A, Jabbar A, Ksseiry I, Mustafa H, Saadi H, Suliman S. Emirates Diabetes Society Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – 2020. DUBAI DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1159/000506508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid urbanisation and socioeconomic development in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) have led to the widespread adoption of a sedentary lifestyle and Westernised diet in the local population and consequently a high prevalence of obesity and diabetes. In 2019, International Diabetes Federation statistics reported a diabetes prevalence rate of 16.3% for the adult population in the UAE. In view of the wealth of recent literature on diabetes care and new pharmacotherapeutics, the Emirates Diabetes Society convened a panel of experts to update existing local guidelines with international management recommendations. The goal is to improve the standard of care for people with diabetes through increased awareness of these management practices among healthcare providers licensed by national health authorities. These consensus guidelines address the screening, diagnosis and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults including individuals at risk of developing the disease.
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Chawla R, Madhu SV, Makkar BM, Ghosh S, Saboo B, Kalra S. RSSDI-ESI Clinical Practice Recommendations for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 2020. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2020; 24:1-122. [PMID: 32699774 PMCID: PMC7328526 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_225_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Chawla
- North Delhi Diabetes Centre, Rohini, New Delhi, India
| | - S. V. Madhu
- Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, UCMS-GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - B. M. Makkar
- Dr. Makkar's Diabetes and Obesity Centre, Paschim Vihar, New Delhi, India
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Banshi Saboo
- DiaCare - A Complete Diabetes Care Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Sanjay Kalra
- Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, Haryana, India
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Affiliation(s)
- David C. Klonoff
- Diabetes Research Institute,
Mills-Peninsula Medical Center, San Mateo, CA, USA
- David C. Klonoff, MD, FACP, FRCP (Edin),
Fellow AIMBE, Diabetes Research Institute, Mills-Peninsula Medical Center, 100 S
San Mateo Dr, Rm 5147, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
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Coleone JD, Bellei EA, De Marchi ACB. Food consumption and glycemic testing of adults and elderly diabetic patients from Public Health: A systematic review of assessment methods. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:3005-3010. [PMID: 30057070 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To map and discuss the different methods used to assess food consumption and glycemic testing of adults and elderly diabetic patients from Public Health. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 710 records were identified by searching databases integrated by the Virtual Health Library website, between September and October 2017. The Newcastle Ottawa scale was used for study quality assessment. A total of 8 studies met inclusion criteria for analysis. Study characteristics were extracted and synthesized to generate comparisons. RESULTS Food consumption was evaluated by Food Frequency Questionnaire, 24-hour Dietary Recall, Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Questionnaire On Eating and Weight Patterns (QEWP-R), and questioning the salt intake. Glucose testing methods included Postprandial Glucose, Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1C), fasting glucose, and self-reported diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Most methods that access food consumption use single questionnaires, which are easy to administer and yield easily interpreted results. For glycemic testing, the majority used are conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joane Diomara Coleone
- Graduate Program in Human Aging, College of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Ericles Andrei Bellei
- Graduate Program in Applied Computing, Institute of Exact Sciences and Geosciences, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Bertoletti De Marchi
- Graduate Program in Human Aging, College of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil; Graduate Program in Applied Computing, Institute of Exact Sciences and Geosciences, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil.
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Jørgensen ME, Ellervik C, Ekholm O, Johansen NB, Carstensen B. Estimates of prediabetes and undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in Denmark: The end of an epidemic or a diagnostic artefact? Scand J Public Health 2018; 48:106-112. [PMID: 30222048 DOI: 10.1177/1403494818799606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Up-to-date information on undiagnosed type 2 diabetes and prediabetes based on current diagnostic criteria is lacking. The study aimed to model the total numbers of people with undiagnosed type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in Denmark based on existing population-based surveys. Methods: Two population-based Danish studies with information on HbA1c, date of examination, gender, age and known type 2 diabetes were identified: the Danish General Suburban Population Study, n = 21,205, and the Danish Health Examination Survey, n = 18,065. The prevalence of known, undiagnosed and pre-diabetes were estimated in the Danish General Suburban Population Study, and population-level age-specific prevalence of known type 2 diabetes was estimated from national registers. The Danish Health Examination Survey was included for sensitivity analysis. Combining estimates of the survey participation rate among known type 2 diabetes patients with known overall participation rates from the studies allowed for the correction of survey prevalence to plausible population-level estimates of age- and gender-specific prevalence. Results: The prevalence of known, undiagnosed and pre-diabetes was highest among men, increasing with age with a peak at age 70. Applying the survey-based prevalence to the entire Danish population, the estimated number (May 2011) with undiagnosed type 2 diabetes was 60,681, corresponding to 24% of all type 2 diabetes cases, and 292,715 had prediabetes, about 50% more than the total type 2 diabetes population. Conclusions: Estimates of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes and prediabetes are dramatically lower than reported in previous studies (60,681 vs 200,000 and 292,715 vs 750,000); however, whether this reflects a true decrease in incidence or the change to HbA1c-based diagnostic criteria is not clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit Eika Jørgensen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.,National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina Ellervik
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Production, Research, and Innovation; Region Zealand, Sorø, Denmark
| | - Ola Ekholm
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nanna Borup Johansen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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