1
|
Some Natural Photosensitizers and Their Medicinal Properties for Use in Photodynamic Therapy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041192. [PMID: 35208984 PMCID: PMC8879555 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in early diagnosis and treatment, cancer is one of the leading causes of death. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapy for the treatment of many diseases, including cancer. This therapy uses a combination of a photosensitizer (PS), light irradiation of appropriate length and molecular oxygen. The photodynamic effect kills cancer cells through apoptosis, necrosis, or autophagy of tumor cells. PDT is a promising approach for eliminating various cancers but is not yet as widely applied in therapy as conventional chemotherapy. Currently, natural compounds with photosensitizing properties are being discovered and identified. A reduced toxicity to healthy tissues and a lower incidence of side effects inspires scientists to seek natural PS for PDT. In this review, several groups of compounds with photoactive properties are presented. The use of natural products has been shown to be a fruitful approach in the discovery of novel pharmaceuticals. This review focused on the anticancer activity of furanocoumarins, polyacetylenes, thiophenes, tolyporphins, curcumins, alkaloid and anthraquinones in relation to the light-absorbing properties. Attention will be paid to their phototoxic and anti-cancer effects on various types of cancer.
Collapse
|
2
|
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with hypocrellin B against SARS-CoV-2 infection? Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 34:102297. [PMID: 33892181 PMCID: PMC8057054 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
3
|
Liu Y, Bai H, Wang H, Wang X, Liu Q, Zhang K, Wang P. Comparison of hypocrellin B-mediated sonodynamic responsiveness between sensitive and multidrug-resistant human gastric cancer cell lines. J Med Ultrason (2001) 2018; 46:15-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s10396-018-0899-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
4
|
Carvalho-Costa TM, Mendes MT, da Silva MV, Rodrigues V, Bruschi Thedei GCM, Oliveira CJF, Thedei G. Light-Emitting Diode at 460 ± 20 nm Increases the Production of IL-12 and IL-6 in Murine Dendritic Cells. Photomed Laser Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2016.4244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Tays Mendes
- Laboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | | | - Virmondes Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Geraldo Thedei
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Uberaba, Uberaba, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Protective Effect of Edaravone against Carbon Monoxide Induced Apoptosis in Rat Primary Cultured Astrocytes. Biochem Res Int 2017; 2017:5839762. [PMID: 28261501 PMCID: PMC5312051 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5839762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To observe the protective effect of edaravone (Eda) on astrocytes after prolonged exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) and further to investigate the potential mechanisms of Eda against CO-induced apoptosis. Methods. The rat primary cultured astrocytes were cultured in vitro and exposed to 1% CO for 24 h after being cultured with different concentrations of Eda. MTT assay was used to detect the cytotoxicity of CO. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate, membrane potential of mitochondria, and ROS level. The mRNA and protein expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 were assessed by real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis, respectively. Results. Eda can significantly suppress cytotoxicity of CO, and it can significantly increase membrane potential of mitochondria and Bcl-2 expressions and significantly suppress the apoptosis rate, ROS level, Bax, and caspase-3 expressions. Conclusion. Eda protects against CO-induced apoptosis in rat primary cultured astrocytes through decreasing ROS production and subsequently inhibiting mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
Collapse
|
6
|
Jia Y, Wang X, Liu Q, Leung AW, Wang P, Xu C. Sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B triggers cell apoptoisis of breast cancer cells involving caspase pathway. ULTRASONICS 2017; 73:154-161. [PMID: 27657480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B on human breast cancer cells and further explore its underlying mechanisms. METHODS The cell viability of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells was examined by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Alterations on cell apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species generation (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, and DNA fragmentation was analyzed by flow cytometer. The subcellular localization of hypocrellin B was assessed by a confocal laser scanning microscope. Mitochondria damage and nuclear morphological changes were observed under a fluorescence microscope. To further explore whether caspase pathway was involved in cell apoptotic induction of sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B, the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-Val-Ala-DL-Asp (ome)-Fluoromethylketone (z-VAD-fmk) was added to the cells one hour prior to loading the sonosensitizer, and then cell viability and apoptosis were analyzed after hypocrellin B treatment. RESULTS Sonodynamic treatment of hypocrellin B HB significantly suppressed cell viability of MDA-MB-231 cells. Sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B caused excessive ROS accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell apoptosis, DNA fragmentation and nuclear morphological damage. Moreover, the cytotoxicity and cell apoptosis induced by sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B were remarkably rescued by the caspase spectrum inhibitor z-VAD-fmk. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that hypocrellin B had significant sonodynamic killing and apoptotic induction effect on breast cancer cells. And cell apoptosis induced by sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B was partly dependent on caspase pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yali Jia
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Quanhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Albert Wingnang Leung
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chuanshan Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ji YY, Ma YJ, Wang JW. Cytoprotective role of nitric oxide in HepG2 cell apoptosis induced by hypocrellin B photodynamic treatment. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 163:366-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
8
|
Wu J, Xiao Q, Zhang N, Xue C, Leung AW, Zhang H, Tang QJ, Xu C. Palmatine hydrochloride mediated photodynamic inactivation of breast cancer MCF-7 cells: Effectiveness and mechanism of action. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 15:133-8. [PMID: 27444887 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the commonest malignant tumors threatening to women. The present study aims to investigate the effect of photodynamic action of palmatine hydrochloride (PaH), a naturally occurring photosensitizer isolated from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), on apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Firstly, cellular uptake of PaH in MCF-7 cells was measured and the cytotoxicity of PaH itself on breast cancer MCF-7 cells was estimated using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Subcellular localization of PaH in MCF-7 cells was observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). For photodynamic treatment, MCF-7 cells were incubated with PaH and then irradiated by visible light (470nm) from a LED light source. Photocytotoxicity was investigated 24h after photodynamic treatment using MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was analyzed 18h after photodynamic treatment using flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining. Nuclear was stained using Hoechst 33342 and observed under a fluorescence microscope. Intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was studied by measuring the fluorescence of 2, 7-dichlorofluorescein (DCF) using a flow cytometry. Results showed that PaH treatment alone had no or minimum cytotoxicity to MCF-7 cells after incubation for 24h in the dark. After incubation for 40min, the cellular uptake of PaH reached to the maximum, and PaH mainly located in mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum of MCF-7 cells. Photodynamic treatment of PaH demonstrated a significant photocytotoxicity on MCF-7 cells, induced remarkable cell apoptosis and significantly increased intracellular ROS level. Our findings demonstrated that PaH as a naturally occurring photosensitizer induced cell apoptosis and significantly killed MCF-7 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Qicai Xiao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Albert Wingnang Leung
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qing-Juan Tang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
| | - Chuanshan Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wu J, Xiao Q, Zhang N, Xue C, Leung AW, Zhang H, Xu C, Tang QJ. Photodynamic action of palmatine hydrochloride on colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 15:53-8. [PMID: 27181460 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Palmatine hydrochloride (PaH) is a natural active compound from a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The present study aims to evaluate the effect of PaH as a new photosensitizer on colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells upon light irradiation. Firstly, the absorption and fluorescence spectra of PaH were measured using a UV-vis spectrophotometer and RF-1500PC spectrophotometer, respectively. Singlet oxygen ((1)O2) production of PaH was determined using 1, 3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF). Dark toxicity of PaH was estimated using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cellular uptake of PaH in HT-29 cells was detected at different time intervals. Subellular localization of PaH in HT-29 cells was observed using confocal laser fluorescence microscopy. For photodynamic treatment, HT-29 cells were incubated with PaH and then irradiated by visible light (470nm) from a LED light source. Photocytotoxicity was investigated 24h after photodynamic treatment using MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was observed 18h after photodynamic treatment using a flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining. Results showed that PaH has an absorption peak in the visible region from 400nm to 500nm and a fluorescence emission peak at 406nm with an excitation wavelength of 365nm. PaH was activated by the 470nm visible light from a LED light source to produce (1)O2. Dark toxicity showed that PaH alone treatment had no cytotoxicity to HT-29 cancer cells and NIH-3T3 normal cells after incubation for 24h. After incubation for 40min, the cellular uptake of PaH reached to the maximum and PaH was located in mitochondria. Photodynamic treatment of PaH demonstrated a significant photocytotoxicity on HT-29 cells. The rate of cell death increased significantly in a PaH concentration-dependent and light dose-dependent manner. Further evaluation revealed that the early and late apoptotic rate of HT-29 cells increased remarkably up to 21.54% and 5.39% after photodynamic treatment of PaH at the concentration of 5μM and energy density of 10.8J/cm(2). Our findings demonstrated that PaH as a naturally occurring photosensitizer has potential in photodynamic therapy on colon adenocarcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Qicai Xiao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Changhu Xue
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Albert Wingnang Leung
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chuanshan Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Qing-Juan Tang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang X, Leung AW, Hua H, Xu C, Ip M. Sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B on biofilm-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis in planktonic condition. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2015; 138:2548-2553. [PMID: 26520337 DOI: 10.1121/1.4932014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis is an opportunistic pathogen causing biofilm-associated infections. To investigate sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B on biofilm-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis in planktonic culture, a biofilm-producing strain Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 35984) was incubated with hypocrellin B and then exposed to ultrasound at intensity (ISATA) of 1.56 W/cm(2) with a frequency of 1 MHz in continuous mode for 5 min. After sonodynamic treatment of hypocrellin B, the bacterial growth was measured using the colony counting method. Bacterial membrane integrity was investigated using a flow cytometry with propidium iodide staining. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was measured using a flow cytometry with DCFH-DA staining. The results showed that sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B significantly induced survival reduction of Staphylococcus epidermidis in a hypocrellin B dose-dependent manner, and a 4-log reduction was observed after the combined treatment of hypcorellin B (40 μM) and ultrasound sonication with the intensity of 1.56 W/cm(2) for 5 min. Bacterial membrane integrity was notably damaged and the level of intracellular ROS level was remarkably increased after sonodynamic treatment. The findings demonstrated that sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B had significant antibacterial activity on biofilm-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis in planktonic condition probably through increasing intracellular ROS level to cause damage to bacterial membrane integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinna Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Albert Wingnang Leung
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Heyu Hua
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chuanshan Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Margaret Ip
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jiang Y, Leung AW, Wang X, Zhang H, Xu C. Effect of photodynamic therapy with hypocrellin B on apoptosis, adhesion, and migration of cancer cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2014; 90:575-9. [DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2014.906765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
12
|
Photodynamic action of methylene blue in osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2014; 11:13-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
13
|
Jiang Y, Leung AW, Wang X, Zhang H, Xu C. Inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus by photodynamic action of hypocrellin B. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2013; 10:600-6. [PMID: 24284117 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Staphylococcus aureus is a common opportunistic pathogen causing human infections. In the present study, we investigated photodynamic inactivation on S. aureus using hypocrellin B from a traditional Chinese herb. MATERIALS AND METHODS After incubation of S. aureus cells with different concentrations of hypocrellin B for 60 min, subsequent light irradiation from a novel LED light source with wavelength of 470 nm was combined with the energy density of 0.3 J/cm(2). Phototoxicity of hypocrellin B on S. aureus was investigated by colony forming unit assay. Membrane permeability was measured using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) with propidium iodide (PI) staining. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was measured using flow cytometry (FCM) with DCFH-DA staining. Morphology and structure of treated and controlled bacteria were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS Activity of S. aureus was substantially inhibited by photodynamic action in hypocrellin B dose-dependent manner. Notable damage to S. aureus were found in TEM after photodynamic treatment of hypocellin B. Red fluorescence of PI dye was observed more frequently in bacterial cells treated by photodynamic action of hypocrellin B than those of bacterial cells treated by the controls including sham control, hypocrellin B treatment alone and light irradiation alone. Intracellular ROS increase was also found in S. aureus treated by photodynamic action of hypocrellin B. CONCLUSION Photodynamic action of hypocrellin B markedly increased intracellular ROS level and caused damage to membrane permeability, resulting in cell death of S. aureus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|