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Alkhudhairy F. Canal disinfection using Nd: YAG Laser, synchronized microbubble-photodynamic activation, and carbon quantum dots on microhardness, smear layer removal, and extrusion bond strength of zirconia post to canal dentin. An invitro scanning electron microscopic analysis. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:2043-2052. [PMID: 38646819 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Evaluation of the impact of the latest root canal disinfectant, that is carbon quantum dots (CQDs), synchronized microbubble-photodynamic activation (SYMPA), and Nd: YAG laser along with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a final irrigant on the Marten hardness (MH), smear layer (SL) removal, and extrusion bond strength (EBS) of zirconia post to the canal dentin. Eighty intact single-rooted premolars were obtained and disinfected using 0.5% chloramine-T solution. Root canal preparation was performed using ProTaper files followed by obturation. The post space was prepared for prefabricated zirconia post and all the teeth were randomly divided into four groups based on the disinfection used (n = 20 each) Group 1: 5.25% NaOCl + 17% EDTA (Control), Group 2: Nd: YAG laser + 17% EDTA, Group 3: SYMPA + 17% EDTA, and Group 4: CQDs + 17% EDTA. MH, SL removal, and EBS of zirconia post-bonded to root dentin were performed using a microhardness tester, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and universal testing machine, respectively. Both intragroup and intergroup comparisons were performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and posthoc-Tukey test for significant difference (p < .05). Group 2 samples (Nd: YAG laser + 17% EDTA) (0.24 ± 0.06 GPa) exhibited highest values of MH. Samples in group 3 (SYMPA + 17% EDTA) treated teeth unveiled the lowest MH scores (0.13 ± 0.02 GPa). Moreover, the coronal third of Group 3 specimens (SYMPA and 17% EDTA) (1.54 ± 0.31) eliminated SL from the canal with the greatest efficacy as well as presented the highest EBS (10.13 ± 0.69 MPa). However, the apical third of Group 1 samples (5.25% NaOCl + 17% EDTA) (2.95 ± 0.33) exhibited the least efficient elimination of SL from the radicular dentin as well as the lowest bond strength (5.11 ± 0.19 MPa) of zirconia post to the dentin. The SYMPA technique with 17% EDTA proved highly effective in removing the SL from canal dentin and enhancing the EBS of zirconia posts. The least preferable method for SL removal and MH improvement was found to be 5.25% NaOCl + 17% EDTA. CQDs and Nd: YAG laser demonstrated satisfactory smear layer removal properties from the canal, along with achieving appropriate bond strength of zirconia posts. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Nd: YAG laser and 17% EDTA as canal disinfectant exhibited the highest values of MH. Specimens irrigated with SYMPA and 17% EDTA eliminated SL from the canal with the greatest efficacy. The coronal third of Group 3 (SYMPA + 17% EDTA) samples unveiled the highest zirconia post-bond integrity score to the canal dentin. Cohesive failure was a dominant failure type among different experimental groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alkhudhairy
- Restorative Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alaqeel SM, Moussa IM, Altinawi A, Awaiyer MS, Hashem M. The adhesive strength of fiber post-to-canal dentin with Aniline green, Fotoenticine activated by PDT, green tea, and ozone as a final irrigant. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 43:103670. [PMID: 37356697 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM The effect of novel final disinfection protocols Malachite green (MG), Fotoenticine® (FTC), Green tea extract (GTE), and Ozonated water (OW) on the bond strength of prefabricated glass fiber posts (PGFP) adhered to canal dentin. MATERIAL AND METHOD The canals of fifty premolars with closed apices were cleansed and obturated. The specimens were randomly assigned to one of five groups based on the final irrigant used, with the control group receiving NaOCl+EDTA and the experimental groups receiving MG, FTC, OW, and GTE. The GFP was cemented with a self-etching, dual-cure paste; the bond strength was estimated with a universal testing machine; and failure analysis was conducted with a stereomicroscope. RESULTS The highest PBS was observed in the coronal third of Group 4 (using ozonated water as the final irrigant), whereas the lowest bond integrity was observed in the apical section of Group 2 (1.02-0.54 MPa) using Malachite green as the final irrigant. Group 1, Group 4, and Group 5 exhibited no significant difference in the bond integrity of GFP to dentin when compared to Group 2 (p>0.05). In addition, comparable bond score values were obtained for Groups 2 and 3 (p>0.05). CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that OW and GTE may be effective final disinfectants for root canals, as they increase the bond strength of resin-luting cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer M Alaqeel
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ihab M Moussa
- Dental Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir Altinawi
- Biomedical Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences. King Saud University, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshal Saeed Awaiyer
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia.
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Marques Ferreira M, Martinho JP, Duarte I, Mendonça D, Craveiro AC, Botelho MF, Carrilho E, Miguel Marto C, Coelho A, Paula A, Paulo S, Chichorro N, Abrantes AM. Evaluation of the Sealing Ability and Bond Strength of Two Endodontic Root Canal Sealers: An In Vitro Study. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:201. [PMID: 36354646 PMCID: PMC9689282 DOI: 10.3390/dj10110201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obturation represents a critical step in endodontic treatment, which relies on a core material and a sealer. This study aims to evaluate the sealing ability and bond strength to the root canal walls of an epoxy resin-based sealer (AH-Plus®, Dentsply Sirona, Johnson City, TN, USA) and a bioceramic sealer (GuttaFlow Bioseal®, Coltène/Whaledent, GmbH + Co. KG, Langenau, Germany). METHODS Thirty-eight maxillary anterior teeth with single roots and identical round sections were separated into two experimental groups according to the root canal sealers used, namely, G1 = AH-Plus® and G2 = GuttaFlow Bioseal®, and two control groups, specifically, G3 = the negative control and G4 = the positive control. The sealing capacity was measured by the penetration of the radioactive isotope 99mTc. For the push-out test, the compressive force test was performed in a universal machine and the force was applied by exerting pressure on the surface of the material to be tested in the apical to the coronal direction and using three test points with different diameters. RESULTS GuttaFlow Bioseal® exhibited superior sealing ability compared to AH-Plus® (p = 0.003). Regarding the bond strength, AH-Plus® provided higher adhesion values than GuttaFlow Bioseal® in the three sections of the tooth root (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS GuttaFlow Bioseal® had significantly better sealing ability than AH-Plus® but lower adhesion values in the three zones of the root canal, with statistically significant differences between the groups. However, it is important to note that for the action of endodontic sealers to be maximized, the root-filling technique must be most appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Marques Ferreira
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Martinho
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês Duarte
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diogo Mendonça
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Catarina Craveiro
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Filomena Botelho
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eunice Carrilho
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos Miguel Marto
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Coelho
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anabela Paula
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Siri Paulo
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno Chichorro
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Abrantes
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
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Anil S, Alageel O, Alsadon O, Alaqeel SM, Alsarani MM, Hashem M, Fouad H, Javaid M. Topographical changes and bactericidal efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on titanium implant surface. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:102882. [PMID: 35477046 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A lot of research has been done on various disinfection modalities used to achieve an aseptic implant surface. However, the bacterial efficacy and the topographical alterations resulting from the use of these techniques have never been compared. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate and compare the disinfection efficacy and surface changes on a bacteria contaminated titanium block following application of various disinfectants. METHOD Ultrasonically cleaned titanium blocks were contaminated with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia. The infected titanium implants were randomly divided into four experimental groups and decontaminated using antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), laser therapy, chlorhexidine and hydrogen peroxide. Bacterial viability and surface changes following decontamination were analyzed. RESULT Bacterial viability decreased in all the groups with aPDT having the highest reduction. Surface roughness remained unchanged whereas the contact angle lessened in the aPDT group. CONCLUSION aPDT could possibly be a suitable alternative to other disinfection regimen to treat periimplantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukumaran Anil
- Department of Dentistry-Oral Health Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Omar Alageel
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Alsadon
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samer M Alaqeel
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed M Alsarani
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Fouad
- Applied Medical Science Department, CC, King Saud University, P.O Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Javaid
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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