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Lin X, Zhang QJ, He J, Lin MT, Murong SX, Wang N, Chen WJ. Variations of IGHMBP2 gene was not the major cause of Han Chinese patients with non-5q-spinal muscular atrophies. J Child Neurol 2014; 29:NP35-9. [PMID: 24022109 DOI: 10.1177/0883073813497827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 (SMARD1), a notably common form of non-5q-spinal muscular atrophy, can be confused with infantile spinal muscular atrophy and is characterized by the early onset of diaphragmatic palsy and predominantly distal muscle weakness. The defective gene, immunoglobulin mu-binding protein 2 (IGHMBP2), is located on chromosome 11q13-q21. In this study, we screened the IGHMBP2 gene in 53 unrelated Han Chinese non-5q-spinal muscular atrophy patients and 100 healthy controls. Two novel mutations (c.711+1G>C and c.1817G>A) and 5 nucleotide polymorphisms (c.57T>C, c.1554C>T, c.1914G>A, c.2080C>T, and c.2270G>C) were identified. However, only 1 patient harbored the compound heterozygous mutations (c.711+1G>C, c.1817G>A). Furthermore, the homozygous c.2636C>A (p.T879 K) variation, which has been included as a mutation in the Human Gene Mutation Database, was found both in patients and healthy individuals. In conclusion, the IGHMBP2 gene was not found to be a major causative gene linked to Han Chinese non-5q-spinal muscular atrophy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qi-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jin He
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province, China
| | - Min-Ting Lin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shen-Xing Murong
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province, China Center of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province, China
| | - Wan-Jin Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province, China Center of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province, China
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Litvinenko I, Kirov AV, Georgieva R, Todorov T, Malinova Z, Mitev V, Todorova A. One novel and one recurrent mutation in IGHMBP2 gene, causing severe spinal muscular atrophy respiratory distress 1 with onset soon after birth. J Child Neurol 2014; 29:799-802. [PMID: 23449687 DOI: 10.1177/0883073813477203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A family with 2 siblings with severe spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress 1 (SMARD1) was genetically proved to be caused by mutations in IGHMBP2 gene. Both patients developed progressive muscular weakness and respiratory distress and died before 6 months of age. One novel deletion, c.780delG;p.(Gln260Hisfs*24), inherited from the father and a nonsense mutation, c.1488C>A;p.(Cys496*), inherited from the mother were detected. An attempt was made to correlate the genetic-clinical data available in the literature. The clinical case presented in this study might be considered as the most severe form of spinal muscular atrophy respiratory distress 1 reported so far, presumably because of the total absence of IGHMBP2 enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Litvinenko
- University Pediatric Hospital, Sofia Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria Both authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Andrey Ventsislavov Kirov
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Sofia Medical University Genetic Medico-Diagnostic Laboratory Genica, Sofia, Bulgaria Both authors contributed equally to this work.
| | - Ralitsa Georgieva
- University Pediatric Hospital, Sofia Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tihomir Todorov
- Genetic Medico-Diagnostic Laboratory Genica, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Zornitsa Malinova
- University Pediatric Hospital, Sofia Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vanyo Mitev
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Sofia Medical University
| | - Albena Todorova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Sofia Medical University Genetic Medico-Diagnostic Laboratory Genica, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Transcriptional analysis of apoptotic cerebellar granule neurons following rescue by gastric inhibitory polypeptide. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:5596-622. [PMID: 24694544 PMCID: PMC4013584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15045596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis triggered by exogenous or endogenous stimuli is a crucial phenomenon to determine the fate of neurons, both in physiological and in pathological conditions. Our previous study established that gastric inhibitory polypeptide (Gip) is a neurotrophic factor capable of preventing apoptosis of cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs), during its pre-commitment phase. In the present study, we conducted whole-genome expression profiling to obtain a comprehensive view of the transcriptional program underlying the rescue effect of Gip in CGNs. By using DNA microarray technology, we identified 65 genes, we named survival related genes, whose expression is significantly de-regulated following Gip treatment. The expression levels of six transcripts were confirmed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The proteins encoded by the survival related genes are functionally grouped in the following categories: signal transduction, transcription, cell cycle, chromatin remodeling, cell death, antioxidant activity, ubiquitination, metabolism and cytoskeletal organization. Our data outline that Gip supports CGNs rescue via a molecular framework, orchestrated by a wide spectrum of gene actors, which propagate survival signals and support neuronal viability.
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Lupski JR, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Yang Y, Bainbridge MN, Jhangiani S, Buhay CJ, Kovar CL, Wang M, Hawes AC, Reid JG, Eng C, Muzny DM, Gibbs RA. Exome sequencing resolves apparent incidental findings and reveals further complexity of SH3TC2 variant alleles causing Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy. Genome Med 2013; 5:57. [PMID: 23806086 PMCID: PMC3706849 DOI: 10.1186/gm461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The debate regarding the relative merits of whole genome sequencing (WGS) versus exome sequencing (ES) centers around comparative cost, average depth of coverage for each interrogated base, and their relative efficiency in the identification of medically actionable variants from the myriad of variants identified by each approach. Nevertheless, few genomes have been subjected to both WGS and ES, using multiple next generation sequencing platforms. In addition, no personal genome has been so extensively analyzed using DNA derived from peripheral blood as opposed to DNA from transformed cell lines that may either accumulate mutations during propagation or clonally expand mosaic variants during cell transformation and propagation. METHODS We investigated a genome that was studied previously by SOLiD chemistry using both ES and WGS, and now perform six independent ES assays (Illumina GAII (x2), Illumina HiSeq (x2), Life Technologies' Personal Genome Machine (PGM) and Proton), and one additional WGS (Illumina HiSeq). RESULTS We compared the variants identified by the different methods and provide insights into the differences among variants identified between ES runs in the same technology platform and among different sequencing technologies. We resolved the true genotypes of medically actionable variants identified in the proband through orthogonal experimental approaches. Furthermore, ES identified an additional SH3TC2 variant (p.M1?) that likely contributes to the phenotype in the proband. CONCLUSIONS ES identified additional medically actionable variant calls and helped resolve ambiguous single nucleotide variants (SNV) documenting the power of increased depth of coverage of the captured targeted regions. Comparative analyses of WGS and ES reveal that pseudogenes and segmental duplications may explain some instances of apparent disease mutations in unaffected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA ; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Claudia Gonzaga-Jauregui
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yaping Yang
- Whole Genome Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS: NAB2015, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Matthew N Bainbridge
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shalini Jhangiani
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christian J Buhay
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christie L Kovar
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Min Wang
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alicia C Hawes
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey G Reid
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christine Eng
- Whole Genome Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS: NAB2015, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Donna M Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA ; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article reviews clinical, genetic, and therapeutic advances in spinal muscular atrophies (SMAs), inherited disorders characterized by motor neuron loss and muscle weakness. RECENT FINDINGS There has been progress in defining the clinical and genetic features of at least 16 distinct forms of SMA. The genes associated with 14 of these disorders have been identified in the last decade, including four within the last year: TRPV4, ATP7A, VRK1, and HSPB3. Genetic testing is now available for many SMAs, providing important diagnostic and prognostic information. Cell and animal models of SMAs have been used to further understand how mutations in SMA-associated genes, which code for proteins involved in diverse functions such as transcriptional regulation, RNA processing, and cytoskeletal dynamics, lead to motor neuron dysfunction and loss. In the last year, there has also been remarkable progress in preclinical therapeutics development for proximal SMA using gene therapy, antisense oligonucleotides, and small molecules. SUMMARY The advances in the clinical and genetic characterization of different forms of SMAs have important implications for clinical evaluation and management of patients. The identification of multiple, novel SMA-causing genes will lead to an improved understanding of motor neuron disease biology and may provide novel targets for therapeutics development.
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AlSaman A, Tomoum H. Infantile spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1: a case report. J Child Neurol 2010; 25:764-9. [PMID: 20197267 DOI: 10.1177/0883073809344121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The condition, currently known as spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1, is an unusual variant of spinal muscular atrophy type 1 that is characterized by early respiratory failure due to diaphragmatic paralysis. The defective gene, the immunoglobulin mu-binding protein 2 (IGHMBP2 gene), of this autosomal recessive disorder is located on chromosome 11q13 and encodes immunoglobulin mu-binding protein 2. The natural history and phenotypic spectrum of the disease are still not clear. The authors present the first genetically proven case of spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 to be reported from Saudi Arabia. The parents are first cousins and the causative gene sequencing revealed mutation in exon 7 reported for the first time in a homozygous form. The clinical scenario of the case is discussed. The findings in the muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz AlSaman
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11525, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Uchiumi F, Enokida K, Shiraishi T, Masumi A, Tanuma SI. Characterization of the promoter region of the human IGHMBP2 (Smubp-2) gene and its response to TPA in HL-60 cells. Gene 2010; 463:8-17. [PMID: 20441787 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2010.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Revised: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 04/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin mu-binding protein 2 (IGHMBP2/Smubp-2) is a helicase motif-containing DNA-binding protein that has been suggested to regulate various nuclear functions. Recent studies indicated that mutations in the IGHMBP2 gene are responsible for spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type I (SMARD1). However, the mechanism of regulation of IGHMBP2 gene expression remains unclear. In the present study, a 2.0-kb fragment of the 5'-flanking (promoter) region of the human IGHMBP2 gene was isolated from the HL-60 genome by PCR and ligated into a luciferase (Luc) expression vector, pGL3, to generate the pSmu-Luc plasmid. Deletion analyses revealed that a 108-bp region is essential for basal promoter activity with a response to TPA in HL-60 cells. TF-SEARCH analysis showed that overlapping ets (GGAA) motifs are located upstream of the transcription start sites. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, electropheretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and competition analyses indicated that PU.1 (Spi-1) recognizes and binds to the duplicated ets motifs in this 108-bp region. Moreover, co-transfection of the PU.1 expression plasmid and pSmu-Luc into HL-60 cells revealed that PU.1 modulates TPA-induced IGHMBP2 promoter activity. Taken together, these observations suggest that the duplicated GGAA motifs are essential for the IGHMBP2 promoter activity and its positive response to TPA in HL-60 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiaki Uchiumi
- Department of Gene Regulation, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 270-8510 Japan.
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Giannini A, Pinto AM, Rossetti G, Prandi E, Tiziano D, Brahe C, Nardocci N. Respiratory failure in infants due to spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1. Intensive Care Med 2006; 32:1851-5. [PMID: 16964485 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-006-0346-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2006] [Accepted: 07/24/2006] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 (SMARD1) is a rare autosomal recessive neuromuscular disease of unknown prevalence characterized by degeneration of anterior horn alpha-motoneurons and manifesting in the first 6months of life as life-threatening irreversible diaphragmatic paralysis associated with progressive symmetrical muscular weakness (distal lower limbs mainly involved), muscle atrophy, and peripheral sensory neuropathy. SETTING Pediatric intensive care unit of tertiary care hospital. PATIENTS We present two new cases of SMARD1 and report two new mutations in the gene IGHMBP2 which encodes immunoglobulin mu-binding protein 2 on chromosome 11q13. CONCLUSIONS SMARD1 is a poor-prognosis disease that should be considered when acute respiratory insufficiency, of suspected neuromuscular or unclear cause, develops during the first 6months of life. Diaphragmatic paralysis, manifesting as dyspnea and paradoxical respiration, is the most prominent presenting sign and diaphragmatic motility should be investigated early by fluoroscopy or ultrasound. Electromyography and nerve conduction studies revealing peripheral motor and sensory neuropathy then suggest the diagnosis which should be confirmed by genetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Giannini
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Via della Commenda 9, 20122, Milan, Italy.
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