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Cai W, Peng S, Tian Y, Bao Y, Liu Q, Dong Y, Liang Z, Liu Q, Ren Y, Ding P, Liu J, Xu T, Li Y. Hydrophobic core evolution of major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related protein A for dramatic enhancing binding affinity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132588. [PMID: 38788878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Interface residues at sites of protein-protein interaction (PPI) are the focus for affinity optimisation. However, protein hydrophobic cores (HCs) play critical roles and shape the protein surface. We hypothesise that manipulating protein HCs can enhance PPI interaction affinities. A cell stress molecule, major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related protein A (MICA), binds to the natural killer group 2D (NKG2D) homodimer to form three molecule interactions. MICA was used as a study subject to support our hypothesis. We redesigned MICA HCs by directed mutagenesis and isolated high-affinity variants through a newly designed partial-denature panning (PDP) method. A few mutations in MICA HCs increased the NKG2D-MICA interaction affinity by 325-5613-fold. Crystal structures of the NKG2D-MICA variant complexes indicated that mutagenesis of MICA HCs stabilised helical elements for decreasing intermolecular interactive free energy (ΔG) of the NKG2D-MICA heterotrimer. The repacking of MICA HC mutants maintained overall surface residues and the authentic binding specificity of MICA. In conclusion, this study provides a new method for MICA redesign and affinity optimisation through HC manipulation without mutating PPI interface residues. Our study introduces a novel approach to protein manipulation, potentially expanding the toolkit for protein affinity optimisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; TIOC Therapeutics Limited, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Siqi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ye Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; TIOC Therapeutics Limited, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yifeng Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Yan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Zhaoduan Liang
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; TIOC Therapeutics Limited, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yuefei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Peng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Jinsong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; TIOC Therapeutics Limited, Hangzhou 310018, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510530, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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2
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Liu Y, Liu FJ, Guan ZC, Dong FT, Cheng JH, Gao YP, Li D, Yan J, Liu CH, Han DP, Ma CM, Feng JN, Shen BF, Yang G. The extracellular domain of Staphylococcus aureus LtaS binds insulin and induces insulin resistance during infection. Nat Microbiol 2018; 3:622-631. [PMID: 29662128 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-018-0146-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance is a risk factor for obesity and diabetes and predisposes individuals to Staphylococcus aureus colonization; however, the contribution of S. aureus to insulin resistance remains unclear. Here, we show that S. aureus infection causes impaired glucose tolerance via secretion of an insulin-binding protein extracellular domain of LtaS, eLtaS, which blocks insulin-mediated glucose uptake. Notably, eLtaS transgenic mice (eLtaS trans ) exhibited a metabolic syndrome similar to that observed in patients, including increased food and water consumption, impaired glucose tolerance and decreased hepatic glycogen synthesis. Furthermore, transgenic mice showed significant metabolic differences compared to their wild-type counterparts, particularly for the early insulin resistance marker α-hydroxybutyrate. We subsequently developed a full human monoclonal antibody against eLtaS that blocked the interaction between eLtaS and insulin, which effectively restored glucose tolerance in eLtaS trans and S. aureus-challenged mice. Thus, our results reveal a mechanism for S. aureus-induced insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
| | - Fang-Jie Liu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang-Chun Guan
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Ya-Ping Gao
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
| | - Di Li
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Hua Liu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
| | - Dian-Peng Han
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Mei Ma
- Health Care Center, Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Nan Feng
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
| | - Bei-Fen Shen
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China.
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3
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Kim EJ, Jeon CS, Hwang I, Chung TD. Translocation Pathway-Dependent Assembly of Streptavidin- and Antibody-Binding Filamentous Virus-Like Particles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1601693. [PMID: 27762503 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201601693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Compared to well-tolerated p3 fusion, the display of fast-folding proteins fused to the minor capsid p7 and the major capsid p8, as well as in vivo biotinylation of biotin acceptor peptide (AP) fused to p7, are found to be markedly inefficient using the filamentous phage. Here, to overcome such limitations, the effect of translocation pathways, amber mutation, and phage and phagemid display systems on p7 and p8 display of antibody-binding domains are examined, while comparing the level of in vivo biotinylation of AP fused to p7 or p3. Interestingly, the in vivo biotinylation of AP occurs only in p3 fusion and the fast-folding antibody-binding scaffolds fused to p7 and p8 are best displayed via a twin-arginine translocation pathway in TG1 cells. The lower the expression level of the wild-type p8 and the smaller the size of the guest protein, the better the display of Z-domain fused to the recombinant p8. The in vivo biotinylated multifunctional filamentous virus-like particles can be vertically immobilized on streptavidin (SAV)-coated microspheres to resemble cellular microvilli-like structures, which reportedly enhance protein-protein interactions due to dramatically expanded flexible surface area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Joong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Chang Su Jeon
- Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd, Samsungjeonja-ro 1, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 18448, Korea
| | - Inseong Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Taek Dong Chung
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16229, Korea
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Intasai N, Pata S, Tragoolpua K, Tayapiwatana C. Recombinant Multivalent EMMPRIN Extracellular Domain Induces U937 Human Leukemia Cell Apoptosis by Downregulation of Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 and Activation of Procaspase-9. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 176:1781-90. [PMID: 26024713 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1677-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to understand the effect of the recombinant multivalent extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) extracellular domain, designated as rmEMMPRINex, on the apoptotic cell death of human leukemia U937 cells. Expression of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) and caspase-9 in U937 treated with rmEMMPRINex was investigated in this study. Levels of membrane MCT1 and intracellular procaspase-9 were decreased in rmEMMPRINex-treated cells in comparison to controls. However, the expression of activated caspase-9 was undetectable. rmEMMPRINex also induced DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in U937 cells. Taken together, we concluded that interaction of rmEMMPRINex with U937 cells leads to inhibition of MCT1 membrane expression, intracellular activation of procaspase-9, followed by DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. This may contribute to the conceptual development of novel cancer drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutjeera Intasai
- Division of Clinical Microscopy, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Road, Sripoom, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand,
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5
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Hwang I. Virus outbreaks in chemical and biological sensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2014; 14:13592-612. [PMID: 25068866 PMCID: PMC4179090 DOI: 10.3390/s140813592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Filamentous bacteriophages have successfully been used to detect chemical and biological analytes with increased selectivity and sensitivity. The enhancement largely originates not only from the ability of viruses to provide a platform for the surface display of a wide range of biological ligands, but also from the geometric morphologies of the viruses that constitute biomimetic structures with larger surface area-to-volume ratio. This review will appraise the mechanism of multivalent display of the viruses that enables surface modification of virions either by chemical or biological methods. The accommodation of functionalized virions to various materials, including polymers, proteins, metals, nanoparticles, and electrodes for sensor applications will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inseong Hwang
- The Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 147-779, Korea.
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6
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Tohidkia MR, Barar J, Asadi F, Omidi Y. Molecular considerations for development of phage antibody libraries. J Drug Target 2011; 20:195-208. [PMID: 21950316 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2011.611517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, phage display libraries are used as robust tools for discovery and evolution of peptide/protein based drugs as well as targeting molecules, in particular monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and its fragments (i.e., scFvs, Fabs, or bivalent F(ab')₂). Phage display technology, as a molecular diversity approach, enables selection of antibody fragments (e.g., scFv/Fab) with high affinity, specificity and effector functions against various targets. However, such selection process itself is largely dependent upon various molecular factors such as methods for construction of phage library, phage/phagemid vectors, helper phage, host cells and biopanning processes. The current review article provides important molecular considerations for successful development of phage antibody libraries that may be used as a platform for translation of antibody fragments into viable diagnostic/therapeutic reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Tohidkia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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7
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Ueda EKM, Soares CRJ, Bartolini P, DeGuzman A, Lorenson MY, Walker AM. A molecular mimic of phosphorylated prolactin (S179D PRL) secreted by eukaryotic cells has a conformation with an increased positive surface charge compared to that of unmodified prolactin. Biochemistry 2009; 48:6887-97. [PMID: 19555049 DOI: 10.1021/bi9004864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
S179D prolactin (S179D PRL) is a pseudophosphorylated form of human PRL which has potent antitumor and anti-angiogenic activities in vivo. This molecule binds to the same forms of the PRL receptor (PRLR) as unmodified PRL, yet this binding results in different intracellular signaling and biological end points. Since it is now clear that PRLRs are predimerized and therefore that ligand binding must initiate signaling by inducing a conformational change in the receptor dimer, we hypothesized that S179D PRL had an altered conformation compared to unmodified PRL. The conformation of the ligand-receptor ternary complex would therefore also have an altered conformation, and thus, different signaling molecules would be activated. Here we present evidence in support of this hypothesis by demonstrating, in contrast to unmodified PRL, that S179D PRL has reduced nickel and zinc binding capacity and a higher affinity for heparin and DEAE. Conformational changes have occurred since these features are counterintuitive on the basis of the simple substitution of a serine with a negatively charged aspartate residue. To demonstrate that these particular properties of S179D PRL were not due to misfolding of the molecule during production, S179D PRL was expressed in two different mammalian cell lines. Also investigated was the potential for production of S179D PRL as a soluble cytoplasmic, or secreted periplasmic, protein in Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric K M Ueda
- Biotechnology Department, IPEN-CNEN, Cidade Universitaria, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
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8
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Intasai N, Mai S, Kasinrerk W, Tayapiwatana C. Binding of multivalent CD147 phage induces apoptosis of U937 cells. Int Immunol 2006; 18:1159-69. [PMID: 16740601 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxl050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD147 is a broadly expressed cell-surface molecule and serves as a signaling receptor for extracellular cyclophilins. CD147 also appears to interact with immune cells, but its counter-receptor on these cells has not been clearly described. In the present report, we displayed multiple copies of the CD147 extracellular domain (CD147Ex) on VCSM13 phage to study the interaction of CD147 with its ligand. Recognition of phage containing fusion protein of CD147Ex and gpVIII (CD147Ex phage) by four different anti-CD147 mAbs indicated that at least parts of the CD147 are properly folded. Specific binding of CD147Ex phage to various cell types was demonstrated by flow cytometry. Morphological changes, however, were observed only in U937, a monocytic cell line, after 24 h incubation with multivalent CD147Ex phage. After 48 h, U937 cell propagation ceased. Staining with annexin V and the presence of cleaved caspase-3 indicated that many of the CD147Ex phage-treated cells had lost viability through apoptotic cell death. The above results suggest that CD147 induces apoptosis in U973 cells and that at least a portion of this cell death program involves a caspase-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutjeera Intasai
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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9
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Mizukoshi Y, Takahashi H, Shimada I. Rapid preparation of stable isotope labeled peptides that bind to target proteins by a phage library system. JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR NMR 2006; 34:23-30. [PMID: 16505961 DOI: 10.1007/s10858-005-5054-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2005] [Accepted: 11/02/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a system for directly isolating foreign peptides displayed on the N-terminus of the major coat protein of bacteriophage M13. The phage particle in this system is formed as a mixture of wild type and modified coat proteins. The N-terminal segment of the modified coat protein was mutated for chemical cleavage, in order to obtain the displayed peptide from the major coat protein. Using 13C, 15N- labeled medium, we introduced stable isotopes, 13C and/or 15N, into the coat proteins. The NMR spectra for the cleaved peptides from the phage particles could be recorded within a few days after the selection of the phage clone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Mizukoshi
- Japan Biological Information Research Center (JBIRC), Japan Biological Informatics Consortium (JBIC), Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
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Thammawong P, Kasinrerk W, Turner RJ, Tayapiwatana C. Twin-arginine signal peptide attributes effective display of CD147 to filamentous phage. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2005; 69:697-703. [PMID: 16320049 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-005-0242-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2005] [Revised: 10/26/2005] [Accepted: 11/01/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel phagemid (pTat8) was constructed in this study to improve the quality of a molecule displayed on filamentous phage. The twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway was chosen for transporting and integrating a CD147 molecule into a phage particle via gpVIII. The parent vector pComb8-CD147Ex was modified by substituting a Sec signal sequence (PelB) with a twin-arginine signal sequence from trimethylamine N-oxide reductase (TorA). The characteristics of the CD147 displayed on the phage particle were evaluated by Sandwich ELISA and Western immunoblotting. A Tat-dependent leader was found to be superior to the Sec leader for the phage display of CD147. Our findings further support the involvement of an Escherichia coli Tat translocase in mediating the integration of a hydrophobic transmembrane protein into the inner membrane. This modified phagemid will be useful in phage display technique when the correctly folded structure is required (i.e., antibody libraries and ligand-receptor tracing).
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Affiliation(s)
- Phatchaneeya Thammawong
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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