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Pan T, Lin SC, Yu KJ, Yu G, Song JH, Lewis VO, Bird JE, Moon B, Lin PP, Tannir NM, Jonasch E, Wood CG, Gallick GE, Yu-Lee LY, Lin SH, Satcher RL. BIGH3 Promotes Osteolytic Lesions in Renal Cell Carcinoma Bone Metastasis by Inhibiting Osteoblast Differentiation. Neoplasia 2017; 20:32-43. [PMID: 29190493 PMCID: PMC5711998 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Bone metastasis is common in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and the lesions are mainly osteolytic. The mechanism of bone destruction in RCC bone metastasis is unknown. METHODS: We used a direct intrafemur injection of mice with bone-derived 786-O RCC cells (Bo-786) as an in vivo model to study if inhibition of osteoblast differentiation is involved in osteolytic bone lesions in RCC bone metastasis. RESULTS: We showed that bone-derived Bo-786 cells induced osteolytic bone lesions in the femur of mice. We examined the effect of conditioned medium of Bo-786 cells (Bo-786 CM) on both primary mouse osteoblasts and MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts and found that Bo-786 CM inhibited osteoblast differentiation. Secretome analysis of Bo-786 CM revealed that BIGH3 (Beta ig h3 protein), also known as TGFBI (transforming growth factor beta-induced protein), is highly expressed. We generated recombinant BIGH3 and found that BIGH3 inhibited osteoblast differentiation in vitro. In addition, CM from Bo-786 BIGH3 knockdown cells (786-BIGH3 KD) reduced the inhibition of osteoblast differentiation compared to CM from vector control. Intrafemural injection of mice with 786-BIGH3 KD cells showed a reduction in osteolytic bone lesions compared to vector control. Immunohistochemical staining of 18 bone metastasis specimens from human RCC showed strong BIGH3 expression in 11/18 (61%) and moderate BIGH3 expression in 7/18 (39%) of the specimens. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that suppression of osteoblast differentiation by BIGH3 is one of the mechanisms that enhance osteolytic lesions in RCC bone metastasis, and raise the possibilty that treatments that increase bone formation may improve therapy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhong Pan
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Song-Chang Lin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kai-Jie Yu
- Department of Urology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology and Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guoyu Yu
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jian H Song
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Valerae O Lewis
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Justin E Bird
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bryan Moon
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Patrick P Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nizar M Tannir
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric Jonasch
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher G Wood
- Department of Urology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gary E Gallick
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Li-Yuan Yu-Lee
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sue-Hwa Lin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Robert L Satcher
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Lee YC, Lin SC, Yu G, Cheng CJ, Liu B, Liu HC, Hawke DH, Parikh NU, Varkaris A, Corn P, Logothetis C, Satcher RL, Yu-Lee LY, Gallick GE, Lin SH. Identification of Bone-Derived Factors Conferring De Novo Therapeutic Resistance in Metastatic Prostate Cancer. Cancer Res 2015; 75:4949-59. [PMID: 26530902 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to currently available targeted therapies significantly hampers the survival of patients with prostate cancer with bone metastasis. Here we demonstrate an important resistance mechanism initiated from tumor-induced bone. Studies using an osteogenic patient-derived xenograft, MDA-PCa-118b, revealed that tumor cells resistant to cabozantinib, a Met and VEGFR-2 inhibitor, reside in a "resistance niche" adjacent to prostate cancer-induced bone. We performed secretome analysis of the conditioned medium from tumor-induced bone to identify proteins (termed "osteocrines") found within this resistance niche. In accordance with previous reports demonstrating that activation of integrin signaling pathways confers therapeutic resistance, 27 of the 90 osteocrines identified were integrin ligands. We found that following cabozantinib treatment, only tumor cells positioned adjacent to the newly formed woven bone remained viable and expressed high levels of pFAK-Y397 and pTalin-S425, mediators of integrin signaling. Accordingly, treatment of C4-2B4 cells with integrin ligands resulted in increased pFAK-Y397 expression and cell survival, whereas targeting integrins with FAK inhibitors PF-562271 or defactinib inhibited FAK phosphorylation and reduced the survival of PC3-mm2 cells. Moreover, treatment of MDA-PCa-118b tumors with PF-562271 led to decreased tumor growth, irrespective of initial tumor size. Finally, we show that upon treatment cessation, the combination of PF-562271 and cabozantinib delayed tumor recurrence in contrast to cabozantinib treatment alone. Our studies suggest that identifying paracrine de novo resistance mechanisms may significantly contribute to the generation of a broader set of potent therapeutic tools that act combinatorially to inhibit metastatic prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Lee
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Song-Chang Lin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Guoyu Yu
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Chien-Jui Cheng
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Genetics, Center for Cancer Genetics and Genomics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hsuan-Chen Liu
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - David H Hawke
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Nila U Parikh
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Andreas Varkaris
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Paul Corn
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Christopher Logothetis
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert L Satcher
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Li-Yuan Yu-Lee
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Gary E Gallick
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Sue-Hwa Lin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Ibrahim T, Flamini E, Mercatali L, Sacanna E, Serra P, Amadori D. Pathogenesis of osteoblastic bone metastases from prostate cancer. Cancer 2010; 116:1406-18. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.24896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Lin SH, Lee YC, Choueiri MB, Wen S, Mathew P, Ye X, Do KA, Navone NM, Kim J, Tu SM, Yu-Lee LY, Logothetis CJ. Soluble ErbB3 levels in bone marrow and plasma of men with prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14:3729-36. [PMID: 18559590 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-0472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prostate cancer tends to metastasize to bone and induce osteoblastic lesions. We identified a soluble form of ErbB3 (sErbB3), p45-sErbB3, in bone marrow supernatant from men with prostate cancer bone metastasis and showed that p45-sErbB3 enhances bone formation. We aimed to understand clinical implications of sErbB3 by establishing an ELISA to detect sErbB3 levels in bone marrow and plasma samples. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We did ELISAs on marrow from 108 men [34 with androgen-dependent disease, 30 with androgen-independent disease (AI) but negative bone scan (AI/BS-), and 44 with AI and positive bone scan (AI/BS+)], sequential marrow from 5 men during treatment, plasma from 52 men before and after docetaxel treatment, and plasma from 95 men ages > or =70 years old without prostate cancer. RESULTS Some men with clinically detectable bone metastasis had high sErbB3 levels. Within the AI/BS- group, higher sErbB3 levels seemed to yield lower rates of bone metastasis. In the AI/BS+ group, detectable bone metastases took longer to appear in men with higher sErbB3 levels than in men with lower sErbB3 levels (median, 82 versus 41 months). However, high sErbB3 levels did not confer survival benefit after metastasis development. Among men with metastatic progression in bone, docetaxel treatment reduced plasma sErbB3 (P < 0.0001) but did not affect bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.206) or prostate-specific antigen (P = 0.906). sErbB3 was also detected in men without prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS The apparent correlation between higher sErbB3 levels and longer time to bone metastasis suggests that sErbB3 participates in progression in bone of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue-Hwa Lin
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Lin SH, Cheng CJ, Lee YC, Ye X, Tsai WW, Kim J, Pasqualini R, Arap W, Navone NM, Tu SM, Hu M, Yu-Lee LY, Logothetis CJ. A 45-kDa ErbB3 secreted by prostate cancer cells promotes bone formation. Oncogene 2008; 27:5195-203. [PMID: 18490922 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2008.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
ErbB3 is a transmembrane growth factor receptor that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of human cancer. After finding that a truncated form of ErbB3 was present and upregulated in metastatic prostate cancer cells in lymph nodes and bone, we explored the pathophysiological functions of this unusual form of ErbB3 in the context of mouse calvaria as well as osteoblasts in vitro and the femur microenvironment in vivo. Here we demonstrate that prostate cancer cells expressed an alternatively spliced transcript that encodes a 45-kDa glycosylated protein (p45-sErbB3). The recombinant p45-sErbB3 purified from conditioned medium stimulated calvarial bone formation and induced osteoblast differentiation. Overexpression of p45-sErbB3 in the osteolytic prostate cancer cell line PC-3 converted its phenotype from bone lysing to bone forming upon injection into the femurs of immunodeficient mice. Further, we detected sErbB3 in plasma samples from patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer with bone metastasis. These observations establish that p45-sErbB3 is a structurally and functionally unique gene product of ErbB3 and suggest that p45-sErbB3 is likely one of the factors involved in the osteoblastic bone metastases of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-H Lin
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Chen N, Ye XC, Chu K, Navone NM, Sage EH, Yu-Lee LY, Logothetis CJ, Lin SH. A secreted isoform of ErbB3 promotes osteonectin expression in bone and enhances the invasiveness of prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res 2007; 67:6544-8. [PMID: 17638862 PMCID: PMC2000837 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-1330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The propensity for prostate cancer to metastasize to bone led us and others to propose that bidirectional interactions between prostate cancer cells and bone are critical for the preferential metastasis of prostate cancer to bone. We identified previously a secreted isoform of ErbB3 (p45-sErbB3) in bone marrow supernatant samples from men with prostate cancer and bone metastasis and showed by immunohistochemical analysis of human tissue specimens that p45-sErbB3 was highly expressed in metastatic prostate cancer cells in bone. Here, we show that p45-sErbB3 stimulated mouse calvaria to secrete factors that increased the invasiveness of prostate cancer cells in a Boyden chamber invasion assay. Using gene array analysis to identify p45-sErbB3-responsive genes, we found that p45-sErbB3 up-regulated the expression of osteonectin/SPARC, biglycan, and type I collagen in calvaria. We further show that recombinant osteonectin increased the invasiveness of PC-3 cells, whereas osteonectin-neutralizing antibodies blocked this p45-sErbB3-induced invasiveness. These results indicate that p45-sErbB3 enhances the invasiveness of PC-3 cells in part by stimulating the secretion of osteonectin by bone. Thus, p45-sErbB3 may mediate the bidirectional interactions between prostate cancer cells and bone via osteonectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanyue Chen
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiang-Cang Ye
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Khoi Chu
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nora M. Navone
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - E. Helene Sage
- Hope Heart Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Li-Yuan Yu-Lee
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Christopher J. Logothetis
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sue-Hwa Lin
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Vessella RL, Corey E. Targeting factors involved in bone remodeling as treatment strategies in prostate cancer bone metastasis. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12:6285s-6290s. [PMID: 17062715 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-0813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men within the western world and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Even if the cancer is considered localized to the prostate, there is a 15% to 20% incidence of subsequent metastatic disease. Prostate cancer has a very high proclivity for metastasizing to bone, with approximately 90% of men with advanced disease having skeletal lesions. The prostate cancer metastases are characteristically osteoblastic, with extensive new bone deposition, unlike other tumors that metastasize to bone and cause an osteolytic response reflective of bone degradation. There are a considerable number of studies relating to inhibition of the osteoblastic response, including interference with endothelin-1, bone morphogenetic proteins, and Wnt signaling pathways. Within the past few years, several studies showed that increased osteolytic activity also occurs in the background of the prostate cancer skeletal metastases. Because growth factors are being released from the bone matrix during degradation, it suggests that inhibition of osteolysis might be effective in slowing tumor growth. Several strategies are being developed and applied to affect directly the osteolytic events, including use of bisphosphonates and targeting the critical biological regulators of osteoclastogenesis, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand. This review focuses on several of the clinical and preclinical strategies to inhibit the growth of prostate cancer cells in bone and to alleviate the multitude of associated skeletal-related events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Vessella
- Department of Urology, University of Washington Medical Center and Puget Sound Veterans Administration Health Care System, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
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