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Yao Y, Zhu J, Qin S, Zhou Z, Zeng Q, Long R, Mao Z, Dong X, Zhao R, Zhang R, Zhang S, Huang S, Chen L. Resveratrol induces autophagy impeding BAFF-stimulated B-cell proliferation and survival by inhibiting the Akt/mTOR pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115139. [PMID: 35697119 PMCID: PMC9283307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutically targeting B cells has received great attention in the treatment of B-cell malignancies and autoimmune diseases. The B-cell activating factor (BAFF) is critical to the survival of normal and neoplastic B cells, and excess production of BAFF contributes to autoimmune diseases. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound, has a positive effect on the treatment of autoimmune diseases. However, how resveratrol affects BAFF-stimulated B-cell proliferation and survival is poorly understood. Here, we show that resveratrol increased autophagosome formation and ATG5/LC3-II levels and decreased p62 level, promoting autophagic flux/autophagy and thereby suppressing the basal or human soluble BAFF (hsBAFF)-stimulated proliferation and survival of normal and B-lymphoid (Raji) cells. This is supported by the findings that inhibition of autophagy with 3-methyladenine (3-MA, an inhibitor of Vps34) or ATG5 shRNA attenuates resveratrol-induced autophagy and -reduced proliferation/viability in B-cells. Inhibition of mTOR with rapamycin or knockdown of mTOR potentiated resveratrol-induced autophagy and inhibition of hsBAFF-stimulated B-cell proliferation/viability, while overexpression of wild-type mTOR conferred resistance to the actions of resveratrol. Similarly, inhibition of Akt with Akt inhibitor X or ectopic expression of dominant negative Akt reinforced resveratrol-induced autophagy and inhibition of hsBAFF-stimulated B-cell proliferation/viability, whereas expression of constitutively active Akt conferred resistance to the actions of resveratrol. Taken together, these results indicate that resveratrol induces autophagy impeding BAFF-stimulated proliferation and survival via blocking the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in normal and neoplastic B cells. Our findings highlight that resveratrol has a great potential for prevention and treatment of excessive BAFF-elicited aggressive B-cell disorders and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shanshan Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Zhihan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Qingyu Zeng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Ruyu Long
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Zun Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shuangquan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA; Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA.
| | - Long Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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Screening and Preliminary Verification of a Phage Display Single-Chain Antibody Library Against Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis. J Occup Environ Med 2018; 58:1264-1269. [PMID: 27930489 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To construct a phage display human antibody library (PDHAL) against pneumoconiosis for the diagnosis and treatment of coal worker pneumoconiosis (CWP). METHODS The PDHAL was established via CWP blood and six positive antibodies were discovered. 867 coal workers (558 CWP and 309 without CWP) and 393 controls were recruited to validate the results. RESULTS A PDHAL against CWP was established, from which six strong positive clones were selected, sequenced and identified as VEGF, interleukin-18, HSP70, HER3, Gz-B and RF. Logistic regression analysis revealed that VEGF (OR (95% CI), 0.02 (0.01to 0.07), P < 0.05), RF-Ab (OR (95% CI): 0.46 (0.28 to 0.73), P < 0.05) and HSP70/HSP-70-Ab (OR (95% CI): 0.71 (0.53 to 0.95), P < 0.05) were protective factors for CWP after adjustment of confounding factors. CONCLUSION The serum VEGF, RF-Ab and HSP-70/HSP-70 antibodies were potential biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of CWP.
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Alizadeh AA, Hamzeh-Mivehroud M, Dastmalchi S. Production and Purification of a Novel Anti-TNF-α Single Chain Fragment Variable Antibody. Adv Pharm Bull 2015; 5:667-72. [PMID: 26793614 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2015.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE TNF-α is an inflammatory cytokine with a key role in initiation of inflammatory responses. Anti-TNF-α antibodies are being used in clinic for the purpose of diagnosis and treatment due to their high specificity. The objective of the current study was to express and purify an anti-TNF-α scFv antibody identified by phage display technology. METHODS The DNA coding sequence of the identified scFv was cloned into pET28a vector and the corresponding protein was expressed as 6×His tagged using E.coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS expression system followed by affinity purification on Ni-Sepharose affinity column. RESULTS The J44 scFv antibody was cloned into the expression vector and successfully expressed and purified. The purity of the scFv fraction was confirmed using SDS-PAGE analysis. Western blotting technique was used to detect expression of 6×His tagged protein. CONCLUSION In the current study an anti-TNF-α scFv antibody was successfully expressed in bacterial expression system and purified on affinity column. The purified protein can be used in different in vitro and in vivo experiments in order to elucidate its functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Alizadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; Students Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Hamzeh-Mivehroud
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Siavoush Dastmalchi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Yu W, Liu W, Huang H, Zheng F, Wang X, Wu Y, Li K, Xie X, Jin Y. Application of a novel alkali-tolerant thermostable DyP-type peroxidase from Saccharomonospora viridis DSM 43017 in biobleaching of eucalyptus kraft pulp. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110319. [PMID: 25333297 PMCID: PMC4204856 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharomonospora viridis is a thermophilic actinomycete that may have biotechnological applications because of its dye decolorizing activity, though the enzymatic oxidative system responsible for this activity remains elusive. Bioinformatic analysis revealed a DyP-type peroxidase gene in the genome of S. viridis DSM 43017 with sequence similarity to peroxidase from dye-decolorizing microbes. This gene, svidyp, consists of 1,215 bp encoding a polypeptide of 404 amino acids. The gene encoding SviDyP was cloned, heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, and then purified. The recombinant protein could efficiently decolorize several triarylmethane dyes, anthraquinonic and azo dyes under neutral to alkaline conditions. The optimum pH and temperature for SviDyP was pH 7.0 and 70°C, respectively. Compared with other DyP-type peroxidases, SviDyP was more active at high temperatures, retaining>63% of its maximum activity at 50-80°C. It also showed broad pH adaptability (>35% activity at pH 4.0-9.0) and alkali-tolerance (>80% activity after incubation at pH 5-10 for 1 h at 37°C), and was highly thermostable (>60% activity after incubation at 70°C for 2 h at pH 7.0). SviDyP had an accelerated action during the biobleaching of eucalyptus kraft pulp, resulting in a 21.8% reduction in kappa number and an increase of 2.98% (ISO) in brightness. These favorable properties make SviDyP peroxidase a promising enzyme for use in the pulp and paper industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangning Yu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Weina Liu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Huoqing Huang
- Feed Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Fei Zheng
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuying Wu
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Kangjia Li
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiangming Xie
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yi Jin
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China
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Nakanishi K, Tomita M, Nakamura H, Kato K. Specific binding of immunoglobulin G to protein A–mesoporous silica composites for affinity column chromatography. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:6321-6328. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20998a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Shen Y, You F, Li C, He Z, Liang Z, Ai H, Wang S, Zhang S. Molecular cloning, bioinformatics analysis and functional characterization of B-cell activating factor in goat (Capra hircus). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 36:191-198. [PMID: 21801746 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 07/10/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
B-cell activating factor of the TNF family (BAFF) induces B cell survival, proliferation, immunoglobulin secretion and has a role in enhancing immune responses. In the present study, we amplified the cDNA of goat (Capra hircus) BAFF (designated gBAFF) from spleen by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). The open reading frame (ORF) of gBAFF covers 843 bp encoding 280 amino acids, with a 152-aa mature peptide. Sequence comparison indicated that the amino acid of gBAFF possessed the TNF signature, a transmembrane domain, a putative furin protease cleavage site and three cysteine residues. The predicted three-dimensional (3D) structure of the soluble part of gBAFF (gsBAFF) analyzed by "comparative protein modelling" revealed that it was very similar to its counterparts. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis indicated that gBAFF mRNA was predominantly expressed in goat lymphoid tissue spleen. Recombinant gsBAFF was fused with a small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) gene to enhance the soluble expression level in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The resulting fused protein SUMO-gsBAFF was efficiently expressed and purified using metal chelate affinity chromatography (Ni-NTA), then confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis. In vitro, the MTT assays and flow cytometric analysis indicated that SUMO-gsBAFF as well as gsBAFF could promote the survival/proliferation of goat splenic B cells or mouse splenic B cells. Therefore, BAFF may be a potential immunologic factor for enhancing immunological efficacy in goat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefen Shen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
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Yang T, Yang L, Chai W, Li R, Xie J, Niu B. A strategy for high-level expression of a single-chain variable fragment against TNFα by subcloning antibody variable regions from the phage display vector pCANTAB 5E into pBV220. Protein Expr Purif 2011; 76:109-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2010.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Revised: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ai HX, Zhang ZZ, Shen YF, Zhang JX, Zhou XM, Min C, Zhu SY, Zhang SQ. Molecular structure, phylogenetic analysis, tissue distribution, and function characterization of interferon-γ-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase (GILT) gene in sheep (Ovis aries). Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2011; 140:329-34. [PMID: 21334075 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Revised: 01/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Interferon-γ-inducible-lysosomal thiol reductase (GILT) plays a key role in the processing and presentation of MHC class II-restricted antigen (Ag) by catalyzing disulfide bond reduction. In this study, a sheep cDNA, sGILT, encoding GILT protein was isolated from the spleen cDNA library of Ovis aries. It codes for a deduced protein of 244 amino acids with a putative molecular weight of 27.6 kDa, which has all the typical structural features of GILT protein including an active-site CXXC motif, a GILT signature sequence CQHGX(2)ECX(2)NX(4)C, and 5 conserved cysteines. Sequence comparison indicated the amino acid sequence of sGILT showed high identity to cow GILT (93.03%). Phylogenetic analysis showed that sGILT and cow GILT shared the greatest homology. The result of real-time PCR suggested that sGILT mRNA was expressed in a tissue-specific manner and obviously up-regulated in splenocytes and PBMCs after induction with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Recombinant sGILT fused with His(6) tag was efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Its expression was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis. Thiol reductase activity was assessed using antibody as the substrate. These results suggest that sGILT has the activity of disulfide bond reduction and indicate that sheep also express a protein that has been found to maintain first line of innate immune defense at basal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-xin Ai
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
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Construction, purification, and characterization of anti-BAFF scFv-Fc fusion antibody expressed in CHO/dhfr- cells. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2008; 157:562-74. [PMID: 19099209 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-008-8434-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2008] [Accepted: 11/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Elevated levels of B-cell-activating factor of the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases in human. In this study, we have constructed a vector for the expression of a novel compact antibody composed of anti-BAFF single-chain antibody fragment (scFv) and the Fc region (the hinge region, CH2, and CH3 domains) of human IgG1 in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The scFv-Fc fusion protein, showing spontaneous Fc fragment-mediated homodimerization via disulfide bridges, was affinity-purified on protein A Sepharose from culture supernatant. The scFv-Fc antibody was demonstrated to retain high binding affinity to antigen and prolonged clearance time in blood and to possess some human IgG crystallizable fragment effector functions such as protein A binding and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. These results suggest that this recombinant antibody may have therapeutic applications in the therapy of autoimmune disorders mediated by BAFF.
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Dan WB, Zhang C, Guan ZB, Zhang SQ. Construction of bifunctional fusion proteins consisting of duck BAFF and EGFP. Biotechnol Lett 2007; 30:221-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-007-9543-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2007] [Revised: 09/03/2007] [Accepted: 09/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dan WB, Guan ZB, Zhang C, Li BC, Zhang J, Zhang SQ. Molecular cloning, in vitro expression and bioactivity of goose B-cell activating factor. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2007; 118:113-20. [PMID: 17482274 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2006] [Revised: 03/12/2007] [Accepted: 03/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
B-cell activating factor (BAFF), belonging to the TNF family, is critical for B cell survival and maturation. cDNA of goose BAFF (gBAFF) was amplified from goose spleen by RT-PCR. The open reading frame (ORF) of gBAFF encodes a protein of 288-amino acid. The gBAFF shows 98, 92, 44 and 55% amino acid sequence identity with duck (dBAFF), chicken (cBAFF), mouse (mBAFF) and human BAFF (hBAFF), respectively. RT-PCR results showed that gBAFF mRNA is expressed in thymus and more highly expressed in the bursa of Fabricius and spleen. Recombinant soluble gBAFF (gsBAFF) expressed in Escherichia coli has molecular weight of approximately 19kDa. In vitro, purified gsBAFF was able to promote bursa B cells survival/proliferation in goose, duck and chicken. Furthermore, recombinant dsBAFF and csBAFF have a positive effect on goose, duck and chicken bursa B cells survival/proliferation. These findings indicate that gBAFF plays an important role in the survival/proliferation of goose B cells and, owing to its high evolutionary conservation, functional cross-reactivity exists between chicken, duck and goose BAFF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bing Dan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China.
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Guan ZB, Ye JL, Dan WB, Yao WJ, Zhang SQ. Cloning, expression and bioactivity of duck BAFF. Mol Immunol 2007; 44:1471-6. [PMID: 16828163 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2006.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2006] [Revised: 05/16/2006] [Accepted: 05/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
B cell activating factor (BAFF) belonging to the TNF family is critical for B cell survival and maturation. In the present study, we identified a duck BAFF cDNA, named dBAFF, by RT-PCR and RACE strategies. The open reading frame (ORF) of this cDNA encodes a 288-amino acid protein containing a predicted transmembrane domain and a putative furin protease cleavage site like chicken BAFF (cBAFF), human BAFF (hBAFF) and mouse BAFF (mBAFF). The amino acid identity between biologically soluble dBAFF and cBAFF, hBAFF or mBAFF is 97, 78 and 71%, respectively. RT-PCR analysis showed the dBAFF gene is strongly expressed in the bursa of fabricius. Recombinant soluble dBAFF (dsBAFF) fused with NusA.tag was efficiently produced in Origami B (DE3) pLysS expression host strain. In vitro, purified dsBAFF was not only able to promote survival of bursa B cells, but also able to co-stimulate proliferation of mammalian B cells with anti-IgM. Furthermore, recombinant hsBAFF has a positive effect on duck bursa B cells survival. These findings indicate dBAFF plays an important role in survival and proliferation of duck B cells and because of its high conservation in the evolution, functional cross-reactivity exists between mammalian and duck BAFF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Bing Guan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
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Cao P, Zhang S, Gong Z, Tang X, Cao M, Hu Y. Development of a compact anti-BAFF antibody in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2006; 73:151-7. [PMID: 16625393 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-006-0432-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2006] [Revised: 03/11/2006] [Accepted: 03/14/2006] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant antibodies, especially single-chain antibody fragment (scFv), can be applied as detection reagents and even substitute for some reagents used in immunoassays. For scFv fragments, there is no such universal system available up to now. We have constructed vectors for the convenient, rapid expression of a novel compact antibody composed of anti-B-cell-activating factor of the TNF family (BAFF) scFv and the Fc portion (the hinge region, CH2, and CH3 domains) of the human IgG1 in Escherichia coli. After expression in bacteria as inclusion bodies, the recombinant antibody was purified and refolded in vitro. The scFv-Fc antibody was demonstrated to retain high binding affinity to antigen, including membrane-bound BAFF and soluble BAFF, and to possess some human IgG crystallizable fragment domain functions, such as human complement C1q and protein A binding. Both size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography column analysis and Western blotting of proteins subjected to nonreducing sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis suggested that scFv-Fc antibody is homodimeric with relative molecular mass of 110 kDa. These findings suggest that the compact antibody may be useful in diagnostic application for the prediction of BAFF relevant to autoimmune diseases in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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