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Yuan F, Zhou Z, Wu S, Jiao F, Chen L, Fang L, Yin H, Hu X, Jiang X, Liu K, Xiao F, Jiang H, Chen S, Liu Z, Shu Y, Guo F. Intestinal activating transcription factor 4 regulates stress-related behavioral alterations via paraventricular thalamus in male mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2215590120. [PMID: 37126693 PMCID: PMC10175747 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2215590120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress induces depression- and anxiety-related behaviors, which are common mental disorders accompanied not only by dysfunction of the brain but also of the intestine. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is a stress-induced gene, and we previously show that it is important for gut functions; however, the contribution of the intestinal ATF4 to stress-related behaviors is not known. Here, we show that chronic stress inhibits the expression of ATF4 in gut epithelial cells. ATF4 overexpression in the colon relieves stress-related behavioral alterations in male mice, as measured by open-field test, elevated plus-maze test, and tail suspension test, whereas intestine-specific ATF4 knockout induces stress-related behavioral alterations in male mice. Furthermore, glutamatergic neurons are inhibited in the paraventricular thalamus (PVT) of two strains of intestinal ATF4-deficient mice, and selective activation of these neurons alleviates stress-related behavioral alterations in intestinal ATF4-deficient mice. The highly expressed gut-secreted peptide trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) is chosen from RNA-Seq data from ATF4 deletion mice and demonstrated decreased in gut epithelial cells, which is directly regulated by ATF4. Injection of TFF3 reverses stress-related behaviors in ATF4 knockout mice, and the beneficial effects of TFF3 are blocked by inhibiting PVT glutamatergic neurons using DREADDs. In summary, this study demonstrates the function of ATF4 in the gut-brain regulation of stress-related behavioral alterations, via TFF3 modulating PVT neural activity. This research provides evidence of gut signals regulating stress-related behavioral alterations and identifies possible drug targets for the treatment of stress-related behavioral disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Yuan
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Ziheng Zhou
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Shangming Wu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Fuxin Jiao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Leilei Fang
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Hanrui Yin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Xiaoming Hu
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Xiaoxue Jiang
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Kan Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Haizhou Jiang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Shanghai Chen
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Yousheng Shu
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Feifan Guo
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
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Carter DA. Molecular phenotyping of transient postnatal tyrosine hydroxylase neurons in the rat bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. J Chem Neuroanat 2017; 82:29-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Bernstein HG, Dobrowolny H, Trübner K, Steiner J, Bogerts B, Hoffmann W. Differential regional and cellular distribution of TFF3 peptide in the human brain. Amino Acids 2015; 47:1053-63. [PMID: 25691144 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-1938-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
TFF3 is a member of the trefoil factor family (TFF) predominantly secreted by mucous epithelia. Minute amounts are also expressed in the immune system and the brain. In the latter, particularly the hypothalamo-pituitary axis has been investigated in detail in the past. Functionally, cerebral TFF3 has been reported to be involved in several processes such as fear, depression, learning and object recognition, and opiate addiction. Furthermore, TFF3 has been linked with neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and alcoholism). Here, using immunohistochemistry, a systematic survey of the TFF3 localization in the adult human brain is presented focusing on extrahypothalamic brain areas. In addition, the distribution of TFF3 in the developing human brain is described. Taken together, neurons were identified as the predominant cell type to express TFF3, but to different extent; TFF3 was particularly enriched in various midbrain and brain stem nuclei. Besides, TFF3 immunostaining staining was observed in oligodendroglia and the choroid plexus epithelium. The wide cerebral distribution should help to explain its multiple effects in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Gert Bernstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany,
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Qin J, Yang X, Zhang RX, Luo YX, Li JL, Hou J, Zhang C, Li YJ, Shi J, Lu L, Wang JX, Zhu WL. Monocyte mediated brain targeting delivery of macromolecular drug for the therapy of depression. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 11:391-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Qin J, Yang X, Mi J, Wang J, Hou J, Shen T, Li Y, Wang B, Li X, Zhu W. Enhanced antidepressant-like effects of the macromolecule trefoil factor 3 by loading into negatively charged liposomes. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:5247-57. [PMID: 25419129 PMCID: PMC4235500 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s69335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunocytes, mainly neutrophils and monocytes, exhibit an intrinsic homing property, enabling them to migrate to sites of injury and inflammation. They can thus act as Trojan horses carrying concealed drug cargoes while migrating across impermeable barriers to sites of disease, especially the blood–brain barrier (BBB). In this study, to target circulating phagocytic cells, we formulated negatively charged nanosize liposomes and loaded trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) into liposomes by the pH-gradient method. According to the optimized formulation (5:1.5 of lipid to cholesterol, 10:1 of lipid to drug, 10 mg/mL of lipid concentration, and 10 mmol/L of phosphate-buffered saline), 44.47% entrapment efficiency was obtained for TFF3 liposomes with 129.6 nm particle size and −36.6 mV zeta potential. Compared with neutrally charged liposomes, the negatively charged liposomes showed a strong binding capacity with monocytes and were effectively carried by monocytes to cross the BBB in vitro. Furthermore, enhanced antidepressant-like effects were found in the tail-suspension and forced-swim tests in mice, as measured by decreased immobility time, as well as increased swimming time and reduced immobility in rats. These results suggested that negatively charged liposomes could improve the behavioral responses of TFF3, and our study opens up a new way for the development of effective therapies for brain disease by increasing the permeability of the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People's Republic of China ; Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Mi
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Teng Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongji Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuri Li
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Weili Zhu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Shi HS, Zhu WL, Liu JF, Luo YX, Si JJ, Wang SJ, Xue YX, Ding ZB, Shi J, Lu L. PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the basolateral amygdala mediates the rapid antidepressant-like effects of trefoil factor 3. Neuropsychopharmacology 2012; 37:2671-83. [PMID: 22828749 PMCID: PMC3473333 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2012.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common and debilitating psychiatric illnesses around the world, but the current antidepressants used to treat depression have many limitations. Progressively more studies have shown that neuropeptide systems are potential novel therapeutic targets for depression. However, whether the neuropeptide trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) participates in the development of depression has not been examined. In the current experiments, we assessed the antidepressant effects of TFF3 using the forced swim test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), and chronic mild stress (CMS) paradigm. Furthermore, we determined the mechanism that underlies the antidepressant-like effects of TFF3 in the rat FST. TFF3 dose-dependently reduced immobility time in both FST and TST. CMS elevated plasma TFF3 and decreased basolateral amygdala (BLA) TFF3 levels in rats, and acute TFF3 (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment reversed the depressive-like behaviors induced by CMS. Furthermore, TFF3 (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly increased Fos expression in the BLA, medial prefrontal cortex, and hypothalamus in rats subjected to the FST. Intra-BLA infusions of TFF3 (1 ng/side) exerted rapid antidepressant-like effects in the rat FST. Additionally, acute systemic TFF3 administration increased the level of phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt) in the BLA. Finally, intra-BLA infusions of LY294002 (5 mM/side), a specific phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, significantly blocked the antidepressant-like effect of TFF3. Our results demonstrated that TFF3 exerts antidepressant-like effects that might be mediated by the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the BLA. These findings suggest a novel neuropeptide system target in the development of new antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Shui Shi
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei-Li Zhu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China,National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, 38, Xue Yuan Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100191, China, Tel: +86 10 82802456, Fax: +86 10 62032624, E-mail: (W-LZ) or (LL)
| | - Jian-Feng Liu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Xiao Luo
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Jian Si
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shen-Jun Wang
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Xue Xue
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zeng-Bo Ding
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Shi
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Lu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China,Key Lab for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/Ministry of Health, Beijing, China,National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, 38, Xue Yuan Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100191, China, Tel: +86 10 82802456, Fax: +86 10 62032624, E-mail: (W-LZ) or (LL)
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Yazaki J, Aikawa K, Shishido K, Yanagida T, Nomiya M, Ishibashi K, Haga N, Yamaguchi O. Alpha1-Adrenoceptor Antagonists Improve Bladder Storage Function Through Reduction of Afferent Activity in Rats With Bladder Outlet Obstruction. Neurourol Urodyn 2010; 30:461-7. [DOI: 10.1002/nau.20984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Abstract
As one of important defensive factors, trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) has considerable relation to the lesion, recovery, proliferation and malignancy of gastrointestinal mucosa. Furthermore, the correlation between TFF3 and tumor, including its pathogenesis, progress and prognosis, has been reported remarkably. However, the binding proteins of TFF3 remains to be confirmed and the research of TFF3 on the mechanism of action and signal transduction pathway is just initial. This article reviewed the progress in TFF3 research.
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