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Shabani M, Khezri S, Salimi A. Mitotherapy with Fresh Isolated Cardiac Mitochondria Via Injection Into Blood Reduces Aluminum Phosphide-Induced Mortality and Protects Cardiac Tissue Against Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Damages. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024:10.1007/s12012-024-09896-9. [PMID: 39012567 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09896-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The hallmark of aluminum phosphide (AlP) poisoning is heart failure in victims which is associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, alteration in antioxidant defense system and depletion of ATP in cardiomyocytes. In the present study, we hypothesized that the injection of isolated mitochondria into blood or mitochondrial transplantation can likely create a primary target for phosphine released from AlP and inhibit AlP-induced mortality and cardiotoxicity in rat. Male, Wistar, healthy and adult rats were randomly divided into 5 groups as control, AlP (12.5 mg/kg, orally), AlP + mitochondria (125 µg/kg), AlP + mitochondria (250 µg/kg) and mitochondria (250 µg/kg) alone. Functional and intact mitochondria isolated from rat heart and transplantation was carried out via tail vein, 30 min after exposure to AlP. Survival rate, histopathological alterations, cardiac biochemical markers, oxidative stress and mitochondrial toxicity parameters were monitored and analyzed during 30 days. We found that injection of healthy mitochondria into blood at concentrations of 125 and 250 125 µg/ml significantly increased the survival of rats up to 40% and 56.25% respectively, during 30 days. Moreover, we observed that mitochondria injection into blood decreased histopathological damages, cardiac biochemical markers, oxidative stress and mitochondrial toxicity parameters. To our knowledge, the current study is the first report in the literature that demonstrated good therapeutic effects of mitochondrial transplantation in AlP-induced mortality and cardiotoxicity. The findings of the present study suggests that injection of exogenous mitochondria into blood could be an effective therapeutic strategy in treating AlP poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shabani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saleh Khezri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Ahmad Salimi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
- Arthropod-Borne Diseases Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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Tian L, Yang R, Li D, Wu T, Sun F. Enantioselective biomarkers of maize toxicity induced by hexabromocyclododecane based on submicroscopic structure, gene expression and molecular docking. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:119119. [PMID: 38734290 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), as a monitored chemical of the Chemical Weapons Convention, the Stockholm Convention and the Action Plan for New Pollutants Treatment in China, raises significant concerns on its impact of human health and food security. This study investigated enantiomer-specific biomarkers of HBCD in maize (Zea mays L.). Upon exposure to HBCD enantiomers, the maize root tip cell wall exhibited thinning, uneven cell gaps, and increased deposition on the cell outer wall. Elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) indicated lipid peroxidation, with higher mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) inhibition in (+)-enantiomer treatments (47.2%-57.9%) than (-)-enantiomers (14.4%-37.4%). The cell death rate significantly increased by 37.7%-108.8% in roots and 16.4%-62.4% in shoots, accompanied by the upregulation of superoxide dismutase isoforms genes. Molecular docking presenting interactions between HBCD and target proteins, suggested that HBCD has an affinity for antioxidant enzyme receptors with higher binding energy for (+)-enantiomers, further confirming their stronger toxic effects. All indicators revealed that oxidative damage to maize seedlings was more severe after treatment with (+)-enantiomers compared to (-)-enantiomers. This study elucidates the biomarkers of phytotoxicity evolution induced by HBCD enantiomers, providing valuable insights for the formulation of more effective policies to safeguard environmental safety and human health in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050022, China
| | - Ronghe Yang
- Research Center for Chemical Safety&Security and Verification Technology, School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Die Li
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Research Center for Chemical Safety&Security and Verification Technology, School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China.
| | - Fengxia Sun
- Research Center for Chemical Safety&Security and Verification Technology, School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China.
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Charles AL, Charloux A, Vogel T, Raul JS, Kindo M, Wolff V, Geny B. Cumulative Deleterious Effects of Tetrahydrocannabinoid (THC) and Ethanol on Mitochondrial Respiration and Reactive Oxygen Species Production Are Enhanced in Old Isolated Cardiac Mitochondria. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1835. [PMID: 38339113 PMCID: PMC10855679 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main component of cannabis, has adverse effects on the cardiovascular system, but whether concomitant ethanol (EtOH) and aging modulate its toxicity is unknown. We investigated dose responses of THC and its vehicle, EtOH, on mitochondrial respiration and reactive oxygen production in both young and old rat cardiac mitochondria (12 and 90 weeks). THC dose-dependently impaired mitochondrial respiration in both groups, and such impairment was enhanced in aged rats (-97.5 ± 1.4% vs. -75.6 ± 4.0% at 2 × 10-5 M, and IC50: 0.7 ± 0.05 vs. 1.3 ± 0.1 × 10-5 M, p < 0.01, for old and young rats, respectively). The EtOH-induced decrease in mitochondrial respiration was greater in old rats (-50.1 ± 2.4% vs. -19.8 ± 4.4% at 0.9 × 10-5 M, p < 0.0001). Further, mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production was enhanced in old rats after THC injection (+46.6 ± 5.3 vs. + 17.9 ± 7.8%, p < 0.01, at 2 × 10-5 M). In conclusion, the deleterious cardiac effects of THC were enhanced with concomitant EtOH, particularly in old cardiac mitochondria, showing greater mitochondrial respiration impairment and ROS production. These data improve our knowledge of the mechanisms potentially involved in cannabis toxicity, and likely support additional caution when THC is used by elderly people who consume alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Charles
- Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg (CRBS), UR 3072, “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Plasticity”, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.-L.C.); (A.C.); (T.V.); (M.K.); (V.W.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
| | - Anne Charloux
- Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg (CRBS), UR 3072, “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Plasticity”, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.-L.C.); (A.C.); (T.V.); (M.K.); (V.W.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Department of Physiology and Functional Explorations, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas Vogel
- Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg (CRBS), UR 3072, “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Plasticity”, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.-L.C.); (A.C.); (T.V.); (M.K.); (V.W.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Geriatrics Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Raul
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Toxicology Laboratory, Institute of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Kindo
- Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg (CRBS), UR 3072, “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Plasticity”, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.-L.C.); (A.C.); (T.V.); (M.K.); (V.W.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Valérie Wolff
- Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg (CRBS), UR 3072, “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Plasticity”, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.-L.C.); (A.C.); (T.V.); (M.K.); (V.W.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Neuro-Vascular Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Geny
- Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg (CRBS), UR 3072, “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Plasticity”, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.-L.C.); (A.C.); (T.V.); (M.K.); (V.W.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Department of Physiology and Functional Explorations, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67091 Strasbourg, France
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Niknahad H, Heidari R, Jangjou A, Asghari V, Niknahad FM, Goudarzi F, Tavakoli N, Rahimi M, Niknahad AM, Rashedinia M. The therapeutic effect of a novel parenteral formulation of dihydroxyacetone in aluminum phosphide-intoxicated patients. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22165. [PMID: 38053886 PMCID: PMC10694179 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Aluminum phosphide (AlP), known as "rice tablet," is widely used as an effective pesticide. However, AlP poisoning is a common cause of mortality in many countries, such as Iran. Unfortunately, there is no specific antidote for AlP toxicity to date. AlP releases phosphine gas when it is exposed to moisture or acid. Phosphine is a potent mitochondrial toxin that could significantly inhibit cellular energy metabolism. AlP poisoning is an emergency condition that needs instant and effective intervention. Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is a simple saccharide used for several pharmacological as well as cosmetic purposes. Previously, we found that DHA could significantly prevent mitochondrial impairment induced by toxic agents such as cyanide and phosphine in various in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Methods Hospitalized patients (n = 111) were evaluated for eligibility criteria. Among these patients, n = 35 cases were excluded due to incomplete data (n = 11) and suspicion of poisoning with poisons other than AlP (n = 24). Meanwhile, n = 76 cases with confirmed AlP poisoning were included in the study. AlP-poisoned patients who did not receive DHA (n = 18) were used as the control group.Patients (n = 58) received at least one dose of DHA (500 ml of 5 % DHA solution w/v, i.v.) as an adjuvant therapy in addition to the routine treatment of AlP poisoning. Arterial blood gas (ABG), blood pH, bicarbonate levels, and other vital signs and biochemical measurements were monitored. Moreover, the mortality rate and hospitalization time were evaluated in DHA-treated and AlP-poisoned patients without DHA administration. Several biomarkers were assessed before (upon hospitalization) and after DHA treatment. The routine tests for AlP-poisoned patients in this study were the measurement of electrolytes (K+ and Na+), WBC, RBC, hemoglobin, INR, carbonate (HCO3), blood pH, PaCO2, and PaO2 and SGPT, SGOT, BUN, Cr. Results Upon patients' admission, significant decreases in blood pH (acidosis), blood PaO2, and HCO3 levels were the hallmarks of AlP poisoning. It was found that DHA significantly alleviated biomarkers of AlP poisoning and tremendously enhanced patients' survival rate (65.52 % in DHA-treated vs 33.34 % in the control group) compared to patients treated based on hospital routine AlP poisoning protocols (no DHA). No significant adverse effects were evident in DHA-treated patients in the current study. Interpretation and conclusions These data suggest that parenteral DHA is a novel and effective antidote against AlP poisoning to be used as an adjuvant in addition to routine supportive treatment. Trial registration IR.SUMS.REC.1394.102.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Niknahad
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Jangjou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Fazel Goudarzi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasim Tavakoli
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mitra Rahimi
- Toxicological Research Center, Excellence Center of Clinical Toxicology, Department of Clinical Toxicology, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Marziye Rashedinia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Wei X, Li D, Luo Y, Wu B. Role of Autophagy and Apoptosis in Aluminum Exposure-Induced Liver Injury in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023:10.1007/s12011-022-03497-9. [PMID: 36600167 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03497-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) exposure can lead to different degrees of damage to various organ systems of the body. It has been previously revealed that Al exposure can damage the liver, causing liver dysfunction. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. This research aims to uncover the damaging effect of Al exposure on rat liver and to demonstrate the role of autophagy and apoptosis in this effect. Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group (C group), low-dose Al exposure group (L group), middle-dose Al exposure group (M group), and high-dose Al exposure group (H group) (n = 8). The rats, respectively, received intraperitoneal injections of 0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg·day AlCl3 solution for 4 weeks (5 times/week). After the experiment, changes in the ultrastructure and autolysosome in rat liver were observed; the liver function, apoptosis rate, as well as levels of apoptosis-associated proteins and autophagy-associated proteins were detected. The results indicated that Al exposure damaged rat liver function and structure and resulted in an increase in autolysosomes. TUNEL staining revealed an elevated number of apoptotic hepatocytes after Al exposure. Moreover, we found from Western blotting that the levels of autophagy-associated proteins Beclin1 and LC3-II were increased; apoptotic protein Caspase-3 level was elevated and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio was reduced. Our research suggested that Al exposure can lead to high autophagy and apoptosis levels of rat hepatocytes, accompanied by hepatocyte injury and impaired liver function. This study shows that autophagy and apoptosis pathways participate in Al toxication-induced hepatocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wei
- The First Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Department of Health Supervision Center, the Affiliated Hospital of YouJiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of YouJiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China
| | - Yueling Luo
- Department of Health Supervision Center, the Affiliated Hospital of YouJiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China
| | - Biaoliang Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of YouJiang Medical University for Nationalities, Zhongshan No 2 Road 18, Baise, 533000, China.
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