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Martini D, Rosi A, Angelino D, Passeri G. Calcium intake from different food sources in Italian women without and with non-previously diagnosed osteoporosis. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 72:418-427. [PMID: 32912052 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1818698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
An adequate calcium and vitamin D intake may play a role in preventing osteoporosis, but the contribution of the different food sources of calcium with regards to the risk of osteoporosis been barely explored. This observational study evaluated the calcium intake through a food frequency questionnaire in 126 adult women with not previously diagnosed osteoporosis undergoing Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) to screen for osteoporosis, and to correlate the calcium intake with parameters of bone density, measured by DXA. Total daily calcium intake and daily intake from food were similar among women found to have osteoporosis, osteopenia or normal condition. The main food source was milk and dairy products, while calcium supplementation was consumed by only 14% of subjects, irrespectively from osteoporosis conditions. DXA parameters were not significantly correlated with total daily calcium intake and calcium from food. The present study highlighted no qualitative and quantitative differences in the consumption of food groups contributing to calcium intakes in women with and without osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Martini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Rosi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Donato Angelino
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Passeri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Andrology, Metabolic Bone Diseases and Endocrinology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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de Boer A. Scientific assessments in European food law: Making it future-proof. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 108:104437. [PMID: 31386882 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2019.104437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
European food laws increasingly use scientific evidence to protect consumers from hazards and to prevent the use of misleading information. In this article, the use of risk assessment in European food law is analysed and the implications of the recently adopted adjustments to the EU's General Food Law are reviewed. The risk analysis cycle that has been implemented in many authorisation decisions of the European Commission has resulted in the increased level of public health protection since 2002. The food law evaluation under REFIT however identified various shortcomings, including the civil societies' perception that various elements of EFSA's work lacked transparency and independence. To deal with these identified issues, the newly adopted regulation will bring about specific adjustments to the General Food Law and sectorial legislation. Although these adjustments are expected to improve European food policies, today's EU food laws should be further enhanced by improving the use of nutritional sciences in food law. Such joint efforts can result in a higher level of consumer protection and further advance the internal European market. Only through improving the systematic way to conduct scientific analyses into and by enhancing their use in risk management, European food law will become more future-proof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alie de Boer
- Food Claims Centre Venlo, Campus Venlo, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 8, 5900 AA, Venlo, the Netherlands.
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Martini D, Innocenti A, Cosentino C, Bedogni G, Angelino D, Biasini B, Zavaroni I, Ventura M, Galli D, Mirandola P, Vitale M, Dei Cas A, Bonadonna RC, Passeri G, Pruneti C, Del Rio D. Claimed Effects, Outcome Variables and Methods of Measurement for Health Claims on Foods Related to Vision Proposed Under Regulation (EC) 1924/2006. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10020211. [PMID: 29443929 PMCID: PMC5852787 DOI: 10.3390/nu10020211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adequate visual function has a strong impact on the quality of life of people. Several foods and food components have been hypothesized to play a role in the maintenance of normal visual function and in the prevention of eye diseases. Some of these foods/food components have been the object of a request of authorization for use of health claims under Articles 13(5) or 14 of the Regulation (EC) 1924/2006. Most of these requests have received a negative opinion from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) due to the choice of inappropriate outcome variables (OVs) and/or methods of measurement (MMs) applied in the studies used to substantiate the claims. This manuscript refers to the collection, collation and critical analysis of OVs and MMs related to vision. Guidance document and requests for authorization of health claims were used to collect OVs and MMs related to vision. A literature review was performed to critically analyse OVs and MMs, with the aim of defining their appropriateness in the context of a specific claimed effect related to vision. The results highlight the importance of adequate choices of OVs and MMs for an effective substantiation of claims related to visual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Martini
- The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Augusto Innocenti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Psychology Unit, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Chiara Cosentino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Psychology Unit, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Bedogni
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Liver Research Center, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Donato Angelino
- The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Biasini
- The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Ivana Zavaroni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Division of Endocrinology, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
- The Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Daniela Galli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Sport and Exercise Medicine Centre (SEM), University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Prisco Mirandola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Sport and Exercise Medicine Centre (SEM), University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Marco Vitale
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Sport and Exercise Medicine Centre (SEM), University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Dei Cas
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Division of Endocrinology, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
- The Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Riccardo C Bonadonna
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Division of Endocrinology, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
- The Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Passeri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Building Clinica Medica Generale, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Carlo Pruneti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Psychology Unit, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
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Biasini B, Marchi L, Angelino D, Bedogni G, Zavaroni I, Pruneti C, Galli D, Mirandola P, Vitale M, Dei Cas A, Bonadonna RC, Passeri G, Ventura M, Del Rio D, Martini D. Claimed effects, outcome variables and methods of measurement for health claims on foods related to the gastrointestinal tract proposed under regulation (EC) 1924/2006. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018; 69:771-804. [DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2018.1427220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Biasini
- Department of Food and Drugs, The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Laura Marchi
- Department of Food and Drugs, The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Donato Angelino
- Department of Food and Drugs, The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bedogni
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Liver Research Center, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ivana Zavaroni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Division of Endocrinology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Pruneti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Psychology Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniela Galli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Sport and Exercise Medicine Centre (SEM), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Prisco Mirandola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Sport and Exercise Medicine Centre (SEM), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Vitale
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Sport and Exercise Medicine Centre (SEM), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alessandra Dei Cas
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Division of Endocrinology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Riccardo C. Bonadonna
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Division of Endocrinology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Passeri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Andrology, Metabolic Bone Diseases and Endocrinology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Ventura
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Department of Food and Drugs, The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniela Martini
- Department of Food and Drugs, The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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