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Zhang C, Wang L, Liu X, Wang G, Guo X, Liu X, Zhao J, Chen W. The Different Ways Multi-Strain Probiotics with Different Ratios of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus Relieve Constipation Induced by Loperamide in Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:4230. [PMID: 37836514 PMCID: PMC10574055 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Constipation is currently one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders, and its causes are diverse. Multi-strain probiotics are often considered a more effective treatment than single-strain probiotics. In this study, a constipation model was constructed using loperamide hydrochloride to evaluate the ability of a multi-strain probiotic combination of four different ratios of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus to regulate intestinal flora, relieve constipation, and explore the initial mechanism in mice. After four weeks of probiotic intervention, BM1, BM2, and PB2 effectively relieved constipation; however, the pathways involved were different. The Bifidobacteria-dominated formulations BM1 and BM2 mainly changed the composition and structure of the intestinal flora and significantly decreased the relative abundance of Tyzzerella, Enterorhabdus, Faecalibaculum, Gordonibacter, and Mucispirillum in stool; increased the relative abundance of Parabacteroides and the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in stool; restored motilin (MTL) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) levels; and downregulated interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-8 levels in serum. This repaired the inflammatory response caused by constipation. Finally, it promoted peristalsis of the gastrointestinal tract, increasing stool water content, and relieving constipation. While Lactobacillus-dominated formula PB2 mainly restored the levels of serum neurotransmitters (MTL, SP (substance P), VIP and PYY (Peptide YY)) and inflammatory factors (IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8), it significantly decreased the relative abundance of Tyzzerella, Enterorhabdus, Faecalibaculum, Gordonibacter and Mucispirillum in stool; it then increased acetic acid content, thereby reducing the level of inflammation and changing stool properties and gastrointestinal motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (C.Z.); (X.L.); (G.W.); (J.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (C.Z.); (X.L.); (G.W.); (J.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (C.Z.); (X.L.); (G.W.); (J.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (C.Z.); (X.L.); (G.W.); (J.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Xinmei Guo
- JinQiao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Huai’an 223010, China; (X.G.); (X.L.)
| | - Xuecong Liu
- JinQiao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Huai’an 223010, China; (X.G.); (X.L.)
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (C.Z.); (X.L.); (G.W.); (J.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (C.Z.); (X.L.); (G.W.); (J.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Šola KF, Vladimir-Knežević S, Hrabač P, Mucalo I, Saso L, Verbanac D. The effect of multistrain probiotics on functional constipation in the elderly: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:1675-1681. [PMID: 35927504 PMCID: PMC9708599 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01189-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal conditions, particularly among older individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of selected multistrain probiotics on functional constipation and laboratory blood parameters in the elderly living in a nursing home. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Sixty participants (42 females and 18 males) aged 77.9 ± 8.84 years with functional constipation, who met the eligibility criteria, completed the study. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design, each participant was randomized to receive either the selected probiotic mixture (N = 28) or placebo (N = 32) for 12 weeks as an adjunct to their usual diet and medications. The liquid probiotic formulation containing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLC1, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA3 and Lactobacillus casei BGP93 was tested for the first time. RESULTS Supplementation of selected probiotics resulted in a slight but nonsignificant increase in cumulative stool frequency compared with placebo. However, after the 71st day of the treatment, the cumulative number of stools was significantly higher in the probiotic group (P < 0.05) when the influence of laxative was excluded. The trend towards an increase in the difference between the two groups, which began 1 week after the probiotic intervention, pointed out to their prolonged effect. There were no significant dependent or independent effects of treatment and time on most of the 27 laboratory blood parameters tested. CONCLUSIONS Multistrain probiotic supplementation was found to be efficacious, safe and well tolerated in the elderly with functional constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pero Hrabač
- Andrija Stampar School of Public Health, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Iva Mucalo
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Verbanac
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
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van der Geest AM, Besseling-van der Vaart I, Schellinger-de Goede EM, van der Waal MB, Claassen E, Flach J, van de Burgwal LHM. Multispecies probiotics promote perceived human health and wellbeing: insights into the value of retrospective studies on user experiences. Benef Microbes 2021; 12:413-430. [PMID: 34455940 DOI: 10.3920/bm2020.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
When taking a broader perspective on the societal impact of probiotics, engagement of end-users is important to discover unmet needs, define relevant health benefits and identify key considerations for successful implementation in daily practice. This study therefore takes a retrospective approach and analyses a database of user experiences to review the effects of four multispecies probiotic formulations. The user experiences were analysed in a dependent sample manner (without control group) and complement previous randomised controlled trials that have been performed with the formulations. The database consisted of 584 evaluable user experiences regarding the impact of probiotic supplementation on perceived quality of life (QoL), gastrointestinal (GIT) symptoms and reported stool consistency after two weeks of consumption. Two different scales were used (n=344 in a 5-point scale; n=240 in a 10-point scale), which are presented as separate analyses. In the combined population of the 5-point-scale questionnaire, a significant increase in perceived QoL and a significant reduction in perceived GIT symptoms was observed. Descriptive summaries also indicate that diarrhoea- and constipation-like stool patterns are reduced following supplementation. Moreover, half of participants indicated that probiotic supplementation had a positive effect on their unmet medical need, and 64% of users were likely to continue using the product. Similar results were observed in the 10-point scale questionnaire. Considering the clinical relevance of probiotic supplementation in specific target groups, subgroup analyses were performed on participants who consumed the products for diarrhoea, constipation, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, and antibiotic usage. Overall, findings support the potential of probiotics to advance perceived human health and support the daily wellbeing of users. This systematic analysis of user experiences thereby contributes to the external validity of studies evaluating clinical effects of probiotics and increases knowledge on their societal impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M van der Geest
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Athena Institute, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - M B van der Waal
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Athena Institute, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E Claassen
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Athena Institute, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J Flach
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Athena Institute, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,CR2O BV, Bisonspoor 3002-C701, 3605 LT Maarssen, the Netherlands
| | - L H M van de Burgwal
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Athena Institute, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Ghafar MYA, Yaakup H, Ali RAR, Shah SA. Evaluation of the Efficacy of Probiotics (MCP® BCMC® Strains) Treating Constipation in Elderly Patients with Multiple Chronic Co-Morbidities: A Randomized Control Trial. J Nutr Health Aging 2020; 24:1066-1072. [PMID: 33244562 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1494-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact of a microbial cell preparation (MCP®) (Hexbio®; comprising MCP® BCMC® strains) on stool frequency, consistency, and constipation-related symptoms in elderly patients with multiple chronic medical conditions. DESIGN Randomised control trial. SETTING Medical outpatient and medical/surgical in-patient unit in single tertiary center. PARTICIPANT Patients aged ≥ 60 years who experience constipation and have multiple chronic medical conditions. METHODS Participants with constipation were blindly randomized into either a treatment (MCP® BCMC® strains) or a placebo group. The treatment was administered twice daily. MEASUREMENT Gastrointestinal symptoms and stool habits were assessed over a week during the intervention via the use of a questionnaire and stool diary. RESULTS Stool frequency was seen to be higher and the improvement in stool consistency was more significant in the treatment group than in the placebo group (p =<0.001). A significant improvement in symptoms was demonstrated in patients who received MCP® BCMC® strains,specifically with respect to straining (p = < 0.001) and a sensation of incomplete evacuation (p = < 0.001). reduction in anorectal blockage symptoms and the need for manual stool evacuation was also demonstrated, but this finding was not statistically significant. Significant adverse events were not observed. CONCLUSIONS An improvement in stool frequency and consistency was reported in elderly patients with chronic medical conditions following the administration of MCP® BCMC® strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y A Ghafar
- Dr. Hayati Yaakup, Palliative Care Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Tel: +60391456074, Fax: +60391456692,
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