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Dhiman S, Mannan A, Taneja A, Mohan M, Singh TG. Sirtuin dysregulation in Parkinson's disease: Implications of acetylation and deacetylation processes. Life Sci 2024; 342:122537. [PMID: 38428569 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition that primarily affects motor function and is caused by a gradual decline of dopaminergic neurons in the brain's substantia pars compacta (Snpc) region. Multiple molecular pathways are involved in the pathogenesis, which results in impaired cellular functions and neuronal degeneration. However, the role of sirtuins, a type of NAD+-dependent deacetylase, in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease has recently been investigated. Sirtuins are essential for preserving cellular homeostasis because they control a number of biological processes, such as metabolism, apoptosis, and DNA repair. This review shed lights on the dysregulation of sirtuin activity in PD, highlighting the role that acetylation and deacetylation processes play in the development of the disease. Key regulators of protein acetylation, sirtuins have been found to be involved in the aberrant acetylation of vital substrates linked to PD pathology when their balance is out of balance. The hallmark characteristics of PD such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction have all been linked to the dysregulation of sirtuin expression and activity. Furthermore, we have also explored how the modulators of sirtuins can be a promising therapeutic intervention in the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Dhiman
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Ashi Mannan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Ayushi Taneja
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Maneesh Mohan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Thakur Gurjeet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India.
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Alegre GFS, Pastore GM. NAD+ Precursors Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) and Nicotinamide Riboside (NR): Potential Dietary Contribution to Health. Curr Nutr Rep 2023; 12:445-464. [PMID: 37273100 PMCID: PMC10240123 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00475-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW NAD+ is a vital molecule that takes part as a redox cofactor in several metabolic reactions besides being used as a substrate in important cellular signaling in regulation pathways for energetic, genotoxic, and infectious stress. In stress conditions, NAD+ biosynthesis and levels decrease as well as the activity of consuming enzymes rises. Dietary precursors can promote NAD+ biosynthesis and increase intracellular levels, being a potential strategy for reversing physiological decline and preventing diseases. In this review, we will show the biochemistry and metabolism of NAD+ precursors NR (nicotinamide riboside) and NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide), the latest findings on their beneficial physiological effects, their interplay with gut microbiota, and the future perspectives for research in nutrition and food science fields. RECENT FINDINGS NMN and NR demonstrated protect against diabetes, Alzheimer disease, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation. They also reverse gut dysbiosis and promote beneficial effects at intestinal and extraintestinal levels. NR and NMN have been found in vegetables, meat, and milk, and microorganisms in fermented beverages can also produce them. NMN and NR can be obtained through the diet either in their free form or as metabolites derivate from the digestion of NAD+. The prospection of NR and NMN to find potential food sources and their dietary contribution in increasing NAD+ levels are still an unexplored field of research. Moreover, it could enable the development of new functional foods and processing strategies to maintain and enhance their physiological benefits, besides the studies of new raw materials for extraction and biotechnological development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Fabiana Soares Alegre
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Bioflavours and Bioactive Compounds-Rua Monteiro Lobato, Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz" Barão Geraldo, 80-CEP 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Glaucia Maria Pastore
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Laboratory of Bioflavours and Bioactive Compounds-Rua Monteiro Lobato, Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz" Barão Geraldo, 80-CEP 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Li Z, Liu H, Han W, Zhu S, Liu C. NMN Alleviates NP-Induced Learning and Memory Impairment Through SIRT1 Pathway in PC-12 Cell. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:2871-2883. [PMID: 36745337 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03251-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) is widely used in the chemical industry; it accumulates in organisms through environmental contamination and causes learning memory impairment. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) has been found to have a positive effect on the treatment of central nervous-related diseases. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of NMN on NP-induced learning memory-related impairment in vitro and to further identify the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that NP induced oxidative stress and impaired the cholinergic system, 5-HT system in PC-12 cells. NMN alleviated NP-induced learning and memory impairment at the molecular level through alleviating oxidative stress and protective effects on the 5-HT system and cholinergic system. The 50 μM NP group significantly reduced the NAD+ content, and the relative expression of SIRT1, PGC-1α, Nrf2, MAOA, BDNF, and p-TrkB were significantly downregulated. Co-treatment of NMN with NP significantly reduced oxidative stress, improved the homeostasis of 5-HT and cholinergic system, enhanced the intracellular NAD+ content, and significantly upregulated the expression of SIRT1 pathway proteins. SIRT1 inhibitors reduced the expression of SIRT1 pathway-related proteins, which implied the impairment of learning and memory by NP and the protective effect of NMN might be achieved through the SIRT1-mediated PGC-1α/MAOA/BDNF signaling pathway. Overall, this study not only help us to understand the toxic mechanism of NP on learning memory impairment in vitro, but also have important reference significance to further explore the health care value of NMN and promote the development of related functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483#, Wu-Shan Ave., Tian-He District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huan Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483#, Wu-Shan Ave., Tian-He District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenna Han
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483#, Wu-Shan Ave., Tian-He District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Siyu Zhu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483#, Wu-Shan Ave., Tian-He District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chunhong Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483#, Wu-Shan Ave., Tian-He District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Ru M, Wang W, Zhai Z, Wang R, Li Y, Liang J, Kothari D, Niu K, Wu X. Nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation protects the intestinal function in aging mice and D-galactose induced senescent cells. Food Funct 2022; 13:7507-7519. [PMID: 35678708 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00525e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) level shows a temporal decrease during the aging process, which has been deemed as an aging hallmark. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a key NAD+ precursor, shows the potential to retard the age-associated functional decline in organs. In the current study, to explore whether NMN has an impact on the intestine during the aging process, the effects of NMN supplementation on the intestinal morphology, microbiota, and NAD+ content, as well as its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and barrier functions were investigated in aging mice and D-galactose (D-gal) induced senescent IPEC-J2 cells. The results showed that 4 months of NMN administration had little impact on the colonic microbiota and NAD+ content in aging mice, while it significantly increased the jejunal NAD+ content and improved the jejunal structure including increasing the villus length and shortening the crypt. Moreover, NMN supplementation significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression of SIRT3, SIRT6, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), the catalytic subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCLC), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), occludin, and claudin-1, but down-regulated the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Specifically, in the D-gal induced senescent IPEC-J2 cells, 500 μM NMN restored the increased mRNA expression of interleukin 6 (IL6ST), IL-1A, nuclear factor (NF-κB1), and claudin-1 to normal levels to some extent. Furthermore, NMN treatment significantly affected the mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes including NQO1, GCLC, SOD 2 and 3, and GSH-PX1, 3 and 4. In addition, 200 μM NMN enhanced the cell viability and total antioxidant capacity and lowered the reactive oxygen species level of senescent IPEC-J2 cells. Notably, NMN restored the down-regulated protein expression of occludin and claudin-1 induced by D-gal. The above data demonstrated the potential of NMN in ameliorating the structural and functional decline in the intestine during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ru
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China.
| | - Wanwan Wang
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China.
| | - Zhenya Zhai
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China.
| | - Ruxia Wang
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China.
| | - Yumeng Li
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China. .,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, PR China.
| | - Jiang Liang
- ERA Biotechnology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518155, China
| | - Damini Kothari
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Kaimin Niu
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China. .,CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China. .,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, PR China. .,CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
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Deng X, Liang X, Yang H, Huang Z, Huang X, Liang C, Kuang Y, Qin Y, Lin F, Luo Z. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) protects bEnd.3 cells against H 2 O 2 -induced damage via NAMPT and the NF-κB p65 signalling pathway. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:866-879. [PMID: 33340447 PMCID: PMC7931234 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have shown that nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) can inhibit not only ageing but also oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions by improving energy metabolism. However, the role of NMN in regulating the anti‐apoptotic, antioxidative stress and inflammatory responses of brain microvascular endothelial cells is still unknown. Therefore, here we studied the effects of NMN on H2O2‐induced oxidative damage of bEnd.3 cells. In this study, we found that NMN could inhibit the NF‐κBp65 inflammatory signalling pathway and increase the expression of the enzymes NAMPT, VEGF and eNOS, alleviating H2O2‐induced apoptosis in bEnd.3 cells. Taken together, these results suggest that NMN reduces H2O2‐induced oxidative stress and apoptosis and improves cell functions by inhibiting the NF‐κBp65 inflammatory pathway and increasing NAMPT expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujun Deng
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xinghuan Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhenxing Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xuemei Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chunfeng Liang
- Department of Blood transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yaqi Kuang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yingfen Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Faquan Lin
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zuojie Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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