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Zeng MT, Huang LY, Zheng XH, Fu YQ, Weng CF. Ethanolic Extracts of Cupressaceae Species Conifers Provide Rapid Protection against Barium Chloride-Induced Cardiac Arrhythmia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1003. [PMID: 39204108 PMCID: PMC11356987 DOI: 10.3390/ph17081003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is responsible for a high percentage of cardiovascular fatalities, with ventricular arrhythmias being the most common cause. Despite numerous clinically available antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs), AADs retain some undesirable arrhythmic effects, and their inappropriate use can lead to severe adverse reactions. The exploration of new therapeutic options against arrhythmias with fewer unreceptive effects is of utmost importance. The ethanolic extracts of seven Cupressaceae species, namely, Chamaecyparis obtusa, Juniperus chinensis (L.) Ant., Sabina chinensis (L.) Ant. cv. Kaizuca, Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco, Juniperus sabina L., Fokienia hodginsii, and Juniperus chinensis 'Pyramidalis' were investigated for their pharmacological effects on barium chloride (BaCl2)-induced arrhythmia using normal II lead electrocardiogram (ECG) measurements in a mouse model. According to the ECG profiles, pretreatment with C. obtusa, P. orientalis, and J. sabina extracts provoked dose-dependent protection against BaCl2-induced arrhythmia, while pretreatment with the other four species and amiodarone did not exert cardioprotective effects. The treatment effects were confirmed using a rat model. The therapeutic effects of C. obtusa, P. orientalis, and J. sabina extracts on the M2 and M3 receptors but not the M1 receptor were mediated by the inhibition of the M2 receptor blocker (methoctramine tetrahydrochloride), M3 antagonist (4-DAMP), or M1 receptor blocker (pirenzepine dihydrochloride). This first-line evidence illustrates that certain Cupressaceae species possess active antiarrhythmic components. The first line of key findings revealed that active components of certain Cupressaceae species have cardioprotective effects, suggesting that these innovative phytochemicals have promising potential for preventing the occurrence of cardiac arrhythmia and reducing sudden cardiac death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ting Zeng
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China; (M.-T.Z.); (L.-Y.H.); (X.-H.Z.); (Y.-Q.F.)
| | - Li-Yue Huang
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China; (M.-T.Z.); (L.-Y.H.); (X.-H.Z.); (Y.-Q.F.)
| | - Xiao-Hui Zheng
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China; (M.-T.Z.); (L.-Y.H.); (X.-H.Z.); (Y.-Q.F.)
| | - Yan-Qi Fu
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China; (M.-T.Z.); (L.-Y.H.); (X.-H.Z.); (Y.-Q.F.)
| | - Ching-Feng Weng
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China; (M.-T.Z.); (L.-Y.H.); (X.-H.Z.); (Y.-Q.F.)
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China
- LEADTEK Research, Inc., New Taipei City 235603, Taiwan
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Żmudzka E, Lustyk K, Siwek A, Wolak M, Gałuszka A, Jaśkowska J, Kołaczkowski M, Sapa J, Pytka K. Novel Arylpiperazine Derivatives of Salicylamide with α 1-Adrenolytic Properties Showed Antiarrhythmic and Hypotensive Properties in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010293. [PMID: 36613736 PMCID: PMC9820316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Unfortunately, the available pharmacotherapeutic options have limited effectiveness. Therefore, developing new drug candidates remains very important. We selected six novel arylpiperazine alkyl derivatives of salicylamide to investigate their cardiovascular effects. Having in mind the beneficial role of α1-adrenergic receptors in restoring sinus rhythm and regulating blood pressure, first, using radioligand binding assays, we evaluated the affinity of the tested compounds for α-adrenergic receptors. Our experiments revealed their high to moderate affinity for α1- but not α2-adrenoceptors. Next, we aimed to determine the antiarrhythmic potential of novel derivatives in rat models of arrhythmia induced by adrenaline, calcium chloride, or aconitine. All compounds showed potent prophylactic antiarrhythmic activity in the adrenaline-induced arrhythmia model and no effects in calcium chloride- or aconitine-induced arrhythmias. Moreover, the tested compounds demonstrated therapeutic antiarrhythmic activity, restoring a normal sinus rhythm immediately after the administration of the arrhythmogen adrenaline. Notably, none of the tested derivatives affected the normal electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters in rodents, which excludes their proarrhythmic potential. Finally, all tested compounds decreased blood pressure in normotensive rats and reversed the pressor response to methoxamine, suggesting that their hypotensive mechanism of action is connected with the blockade of α1-adrenoceptors. Our results confirm the antiarrhythmic and hypotensive activities of novel arylpiperazine derivatives and encourage their further investigation as model structures for potential drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Żmudzka
- Department of Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Klaudia Lustyk
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wolak
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Adam Gałuszka
- Department of Automatic Control and Robotics, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Jolanta Jaśkowska
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Kołaczkowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jacek Sapa
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
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Fernandes C, Carraro ML, Ribeiro J, Araújo J, Tiritan ME, Pinto MMM. Synthetic Chiral Derivatives of Xanthones: Biological Activities and Enantioselectivity Studies. Molecules 2019; 24:E791. [PMID: 30813236 PMCID: PMC6412826 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many naturally occurring xanthones are chiral and present a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. Some of them have been exhaustively studied and subsequently, obtained by synthesis. In order to obtain libraries of compounds for structure activity relationship (SAR) studies as well as to improve the biological activity, new bioactive analogues and derivatives inspired in natural prototypes were synthetized. Bioactive natural xanthones compromise a large structural multiplicity of compounds, including a diversity of chiral derivatives. Thus, recently an exponential interest in synthetic chiral derivatives of xanthones (CDXs) has been witnessed. The synthetic methodologies can afford structures that otherwise could not be reached within the natural products for biological activity and SAR studies. Another reason that justifies this trend is that both enantiomers can be obtained by using appropriate synthetic pathways, allowing the possibility to perform enantioselectivity studies. In this work, a literature review of synthetic CDXs is presented. The structures, the approaches used for their synthesis and the biological activities are described, emphasizing the enantioselectivity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Maria Letícia Carraro
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - João Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Araújo
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Mostafavi N, Ebrahimi A. The role of chlorine substituents in lichexanthones properties: the ionic and halogen bond interactions. Theor Chem Acc 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-018-2294-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Pytka K, Żmudzka E, Lustyk K, Rapacz A, Olczyk A, Gałuszka A, Waszkielewicz A, Marona H, Sapa J, Barbara F. The antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like activities of new xanthone derivative with piperazine moiety in behavioral tests in mice. Indian J Pharmacol 2017; 48:286-91. [PMID: 27298499 PMCID: PMC4900002 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.182872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Xanthones are flavonoids with numerous activities, including antioxidant, antidepressant., or anxiolytic-like. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like properties of four xanthone derivatives (3-chloro-5-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]-9H-xanthen-9-one dihydrochloride [HBK-5], 6-methoxy-2-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl) methyl]-9H-xanthen-9-one dihydrochloride, 2-[(4-benzylpiperazin-1-yl) methyl]-6-methoxy-9H-xanthen-9-one dihydrochloride, 2-{[4-(2-methoxyphenyl) piperazin-1-yl] methyl}-9H-xanthen-9-one hydrochloride), as well as the influence on cognitive and motor function of active compounds, using animal models. Materials and Methods: To determine the antidepressant-like activity, we used forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) in mice. We evaluated anxiolytic-like properties in the four-plate test in mice. We studied the influence on cognitive and motor function in passive avoidance step-through and chimney tests, respectively. Results: The antidepressant-like activity (in both FST and TST) showed only HBK-5. Moreover, the compound was also active in the four-plate test, which suggests that it possessed anxiolytic-like properties. HBK-5 did not cause any cognitive and motor deficits in mice at antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like doses. Conclusions: HBK-5 may have potential in the treatment of depression or anxiety disorders, but this issue needs further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Żmudzka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Klaudia Lustyk
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Rapacz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Adrian Olczyk
- Institute of Automatic Control, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Adam Gałuszka
- Institute of Automatic Control, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Waszkielewicz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Henryk Marona
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jacek Sapa
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Filipek Barbara
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
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Liu Y, Ni Y, Ruan J, Qu L, Yu H, Han L, Zhang Y, Wang T. Bioactive gentixanthone and gentichromone from the whole plants of Gentianella acuta (Michx.) Hulten. Fitoterapia 2016; 113:164-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Liu C, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Zhang SB, Yang S, Zhang A, Yin L, Swarts S, Vidyasagar S, Zhang L, Okunieff P. Synthesis and anticancer potential of novel xanthone derivatives with 3,6-substituted chains. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:4263-4271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Pytka K, Lustyk K, Żmudzka E, Kotańska M, Siwek A, Zygmunt M, Dziedziczak A, Śniecikowska J, Olczyk A, Gałuszka A, Śmieja J, Waszkielewicz AM, Marona H, Filipek B, Sapa J, Mogilski S. Chemically Homogenous Compounds with Antagonistic Properties at All α1-Adrenoceptor Subtypes but not β1-Adrenoceptor Attenuate Adrenaline-Induced Arrhythmia in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:229. [PMID: 27536240 PMCID: PMC4971072 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies proved that among all α1-adrenoceptors, cardiac myocytes functionally express only α1A- and α1B-subtype. Scientists indicated that α1A-subtype blockade might be beneficial in restoring normal heart rhythm. Therefore, we aimed to determine the role of α1-adrenoceptors subtypes (i.e., α1A and α1B) in antiarrhythmic effect of six structurally similar derivatives of 2-methoxyphenylpiperazine. We compared the activity of studied compounds with carvedilol, which is β1- and α1-adrenoceptors blocker with antioxidant properties. To evaluate the affinity for adrenergic receptors, we used radioligand methods. We investigated selectivity at α1-adrenoceptors subtypes using functional bioassays. We tested antiarrhythmic activity in adrenaline-induced (20 μg/kg i.v.), calcium chloride-induced (140 and 25 mg/kg i.v.) and barium chloride-induced (32 and 10 mg/kg i.v.) arrhythmia models in rats. We also evaluated the influence of studied compounds on blood pressure in rats, as well as lipid peroxidation. All studied compounds showed high affinity toward α1-adrenoceptors but no affinity for β1 receptors. Biofunctional studies revealed that the tested compounds blocked α1A-stronger than α1B-adrenoceptors, but except for HBK-19 they antagonized α1A-adrenoceptor weaker than α1D-subtype. HBK-19 showed the greatest difference in pA2 values-it blocked α1A-adrenoceptors around seven-fold stronger than α1B subtype. All compounds showed prophylactic antiarrhythmic properties in adrenaline-induced arrhythmia, but only the activity of HBK-16, HBK-17, HBK-18, and HBK-19 (ED50 = 0.18-0.21) was comparable to that of carvedilol (ED50 = 0.36). All compounds reduced mortality in adrenaline-induced arrhythmia. HBK-16, HBK-17, HBK-18, and HBK-19 showed therapeutic antiarrhythmic properties in adrenaline-induced arrhythmia. None of the compounds showed activity in calcium chloride- or barium chloride-induced arrhythmias. HBK-16, HBK-17, HBK-18, and HBK-19 decreased heart rhythm at ED84. All compounds significantly lowered blood pressure in normotensive rats. HBK-18 showed the strongest hypotensive properties (the lowest active dose: 0.01 mg/kg). HBK-19 was the only compound in the group, which did not show hypotensive effect at antiarrhythmic doses. HBK-16, HBK-17, HBK-18, HBK-19 showed weak antioxidant properties. Our results indicate that the studied 2-methoxyphenylpiperazine derivatives that possessed stronger α1A-adrenolytic properties (i.e., HBK-16, HBK-17, HBK-18, and HBK-19) were the most active compounds in adrenaline-induced arrhythmia. Thus, we suggest that the potent blockade of α1A-receptor subtype is essential to attenuate adrenaline-induced arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Klaudia Lustyk
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Żmudzka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kotańska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Zygmunt
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Dziedziczak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Śniecikowska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Adrian Olczyk
- Control and Robotics Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology Gliwice, Poland
| | - Adam Gałuszka
- Control and Robotics Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology Gliwice, Poland
| | - Jarosław Śmieja
- Systems Engineering Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Informatics, Silesian University of Technology Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna M Waszkielewicz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Henryk Marona
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Filipek
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Jacek Sapa
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Szczepan Mogilski
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
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Rapacz A, Sapa J, Pytka K, Dudek M, Filipek B, Szkaradek N, Marona H. Antiarrhythmic activity of new 2-methoxyphenylpiperazine xanthone derivatives after ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2015; 67:1163-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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