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Isaev AB, Bychkov ML, Kulbatskii DS, Andreev-Andrievskiy AA, Mashkin MA, Shulepko MA, Shlepova OV, Loktyushov EV, Latanov AV, Kirpichnikov MP, Lyukmanova EN. Upregulation of cholinergic modulators Lypd6 and Lypd6b associated with autism drives anxiety and cognitive decline. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:444. [PMID: 39433742 PMCID: PMC11494011 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02211-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 09/27/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Intellectual disability and autistic features are associated with chromosome region 2q23.q23.2 duplication carrying LYPD6 and LYPD6B genes. Here, we analyzed LYPD6 and LYPD6B expression in patients with different neuropsychiatric disorders. Increased LYPD6 and LYPD6B expression was revealed in autism and other disorders. To study possible consequences of Lypd6 and Lypd6b overexpression in the brain, we used a mouse model with intracerebroventricular delivery of recombinant analogs of these proteins. A two-week infusion evoked significant memory impairment and acute stress. Both modulators downregulated hippocampal and amygdala dendritic spine density. No changes in synaptic plasticity were observed. Intracerebroventricular administration by both proteins downregulated hippocampal expression of Lypd6, Lypd6b, and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). Similar to Lypd6, Lypd6b targeted different nAChR subtypes in the brain with preferential inhibition of α7- and α4β2-nAChRs. Thus, increased Lypd6 and Lypd6b level in the brain are linked to cholinergic system depression, neuronal atrophy, memory decline, and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizek B Isaev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim L Bychkov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitrii S Kulbatskii
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A Andreev-Andrievskiy
- Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University «Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology», Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Mashkin
- Institute for Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Olga V Shlepova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugene V Loktyushov
- Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Alexander V Latanov
- Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University «Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology», Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail P Kirpichnikov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University «Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology», Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina N Lyukmanova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Moscow, Russia.
- Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University «Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology», Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
- Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, China.
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Gotti C, Clementi F, Zoli M. Special issue "The multifaceted activities of nervous and non-nervous neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in physiology and pathology". Pharmacol Res 2024; 205:107239. [PMID: 38801984 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Clementi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Zoli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Centre for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (CfNN), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Abbondanza A, Urushadze A, Alves-Barboza AR, Janickova H. Expression and function of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in specific neuronal populations: Focus on striatal and prefrontal circuits. Pharmacol Res 2024; 204:107190. [PMID: 38704107 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are widely expressed in the central nervous system and play an important role in the control of neural functions including neuronal activity, transmitter release and synaptic plasticity. Although the common subtypes of nAChRs are abundantly expressed throughout the brain, their expression in different brain regions and by individual neuronal types is not homogeneous or incidental. In recent years, several studies have emerged showing that particular subtypes of nAChRs are expressed by specific neuronal populations in which they have major influence on the activity of local circuits and behavior. It has been demonstrated that even nAChRs expressed by relatively rare neuronal types can induce significant changes in behavior and contribute to pathological processes. Depending on the identity and connectivity of the particular nAChRs-expressing neuronal populations, the activation of nAChRs can have distinct or even opposing effects on local neuronal signaling. In this review, we will summarize the available literature describing the expression of individual nicotinic subunits by different neuronal types in two crucial brain regions, the striatum and the prefrontal cortex. The review will also briefly discuss nicotinic expression in non-neuronal, glial cells, as they cannot be ignored as potential targets of nAChRs-modulating drugs. The final section will discuss options that could allow us to target nAChRs in a neuronal-type-specific manner, not only in the experimental field, but also eventually in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Abbondanza
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 14200, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Urushadze
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 14200, Czech Republic
| | - Amanda Rosanna Alves-Barboza
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 14200, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Janickova
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 14200, Czech Republic.
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Jackson DC, Burgon RM, Thompson S, Sudweeks SN. Single-cell quantitative expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mRNA in rat hippocampal interneurons. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301592. [PMID: 38635806 PMCID: PMC11025973 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal interneurons are a very diverse population of cells. Using single-cell quantitative PCR to analyze rat CA1 hippocampal interneurons, we quantified neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) mRNA subunit expression and detailed possible nAChR subtype combinations for the α2, α3, α4, α5, α7, β2, β3, and β4 subunits. We also compared the expression detected in the stratum oriens and the stratum radiatum hippocampal layers. We show that the majority of interneurons in the CA1 of the rat hippocampus contain detectable levels of nAChR subunit mRNA. Our results highlight the complexity of the CA1 nAChR population. Interestingly, the α3 nAChR subunit is one of the highest expressed subunit mRNAs in this population, while the α4 is one of the least likely subunits to be detected in CA1 interneurons. The β2 nAChR subunit is the highest expressed beta subunit mRNA in these cells. In addition, Pearson's correlation coefficient values are calculated to identify significant differences between the nAChR subunit combinations expressed in the CA1 stratum oriens and the stratum radiatum. Statistical analysis also indicates that there are likely over 100 different nAChR subunit mRNA combinations expressed in rat CA1 interneurons. These results provide a valid avenue for identifying nAChR subtype targets that may be effective hippocampus-specific pharmacological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris C. Jackson
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Richard M. Burgon
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Spencer Thompson
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Sterling N. Sudweeks
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
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Zhang K, Ren YQ, Xue Y, Duan D, Zhou T, Ding YZ, Li X, Gong WK, Guan JQ, Ma L. Alpha 2-adrenoceptor participates in anti-hyperalgesia by regulating metabolic demand. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1359319. [PMID: 38584597 PMCID: PMC10996398 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1359319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The α2-adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine is a commonly used drug for sedatives in clinics and has analgesic effects; however, its mechanism of analgesia in the spine remains unclear. In this study, we systematically used behavioural and transcriptomic sequencing, pharmacological intervention, electrophysiological recording and ultrasound imaging to explore the analgesic effects of the α2-adrenoceptor and its molecular mechanism. Firstly, we found that spinal nerve injury changed the spinal transcriptome expression, and the differential genes were mainly related to calcium signalling and tissue metabolic pathways. In addition, α2-adrenoceptor mRNA expression was significantly upregulated, and α2-adrenoceptor was significantly colocalised with markers, particularly neuronal markers. Intrathecal dexmedetomidine suppressed neuropathic pain and acute inflammatory pain in a dose-dependent manner. The transcriptome results demonstrated that the analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine may be related to the modulation of neuronal metabolism. Weighted gene correlation network analysis indicated that turquoise, brown, yellow and grey modules were the most correlated with dexmedetomidine-induced analgesic effects. Bioinformatics also annotated the involvement of metabolic processes and neural plasticity. A cardiovascular-mitochondrial interaction was found, and ultrasound imaging revealed that injection of dexmedetomidine significantly enhanced spinal cord perfusion in rats with neuropathic pain, which might be regulated by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (pdk4), cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (ch25 h) and GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (gch1). Increasing the perfusion doses of dexmedetomidine significantly suppressed the frequency and amplitude of spinal nerve ligation-induced miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents. Overall, dexmedetomidine exerts analgesic effects by restoring neuronal metabolic processes through agonism of the α2-adrenoceptor and subsequently inhibiting changes in synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Qing Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongxia Duan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Zhuo Ding
- Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center/Shanghai Eye Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan-Kun Gong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao-Qiong Guan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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O'Connor SM, Sleebs BE, Street IP, Flynn BL, Baell JB, Coles C, Quazi N, Paul D, Poiraud E, Huyard B, Wagner S, Andriambeloson E, de Souza EB. BNC210, a negative allosteric modulator of the alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, demonstrates anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects in rodents. Neuropharmacology 2024; 246:109836. [PMID: 38185416 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
This work describes the characterization of BNC210 (6-[(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl)amino]-1-ethyl-3-(4-morpholinylcarbonyl)-1,8-naphthyridin-4(1H)-one), a selective, small molecule, negative allosteric modulator (NAM) of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7 nAChR). With the aim to discover a non-sedating, anxiolytic compound, BNC210 was identified during phenotypic screening of a focused medicinal chemistry library using the mouse Light Dark (LD) box to evaluate anxiolytic-like activity and the mouse Open Field (OF) (dark) test to detect sedative and/or motor effects. BNC210 exhibited anxiolytic-like activity with no measurable sedative or motor effects. Electrophysiology showed that BNC210 did not induce α7 nAChR currents by itself but inhibited EC80 agonist-evoked currents in recombinant GH4C1 cell lines stably expressing the rat or human α7 nAChR. BNC210 was not active when tested on cell lines expressing other members of the cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel family. Screening over 400 other targets did not reveal any activity for BNC210 confirming its selectivity for α7 nAChR. Oral administration of BNC210 to male mice and rats in several tests of behavior related to anxiety- and stress- related disorders, demonstrated significant reduction of these behaviors over a broad therapeutic range up to 500 times the minimum effective dose. Further testing for potential adverse effects in suitable rat and mouse tests showed that BNC210 did not produce sedation, memory and motor impairment or physical dependence, symptoms associated with current anxiolytic therapeutics. These data suggest that allosteric inhibition of α7 nAChR function may represent a differentiated approach to treating anxiety- and stress- related disorders with an improved safety profile compared to current treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brad E Sleebs
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - Ian P Street
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia; Children's Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and Health, UNSW, Randwick, Australia
| | - Bernard L Flynn
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonathan B Baell
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, Australia
| | | | - Nurul Quazi
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, Australia
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7
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Abraham MN, Nedeljkovic-Kurepa A, Fernandes TD, Yaipen O, Brewer MR, Leisman DE, Taylor MD, Deutschman CS. M1 cholinergic signaling in the brain modulates cytokine levels and splenic cell sub-phenotypes following cecal ligation and puncture. Mol Med 2024; 30:22. [PMID: 38317082 PMCID: PMC10845657 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00787-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contribution of the central nervous system to sepsis pathobiology is incompletely understood. In previous studies, administration of endotoxin to mice decreased activity of the vagus anti-inflammatory reflex. Treatment with the centrally-acting M1 muscarinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor (M1AChR) attenuated this endotoxin-mediated change. We hypothesize that decreased M1AChR-mediated activity contributes to inflammation following cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), a mouse model of sepsis. METHODS In male C57Bl/6 mice, we quantified basal forebrain cholinergic activity (immunostaining), hippocampal neuronal activity, serum cytokine/chemokine levels (ELISA) and splenic cell subtypes (flow cytometry) at baseline, following CLP and following CLP in mice also treated with the M1AChR agonist xanomeline. RESULTS At 48 h. post-CLP, activity in basal forebrain cells expressing choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) was half of that observed at baseline. Lower activity was also noted in the hippocampus, which contains projections from ChAT-expressing basal forebrain neurons. Serum levels of TNFα, IL-1β, MIP-1α, IL-6, KC and G-CSF were higher post-CLP than at baseline. Post-CLP numbers of splenic macrophages and inflammatory monocytes, TNFα+ and ILβ+ neutrophils and ILβ+ monocytes were higher than baseline while numbers of central Dendritic Cells (cDCs), CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were lower. When, following CLP, mice were treated with xanomeline activity in basal forebrain ChAT-expressing neurons and in the hippocampus was significantly higher than in untreated animals. Post-CLP serum concentrations of TNFα, IL-1β, and MIP-1α, but not of IL-6, KC and G-CSF, were significantly lower in xanomeline-treated mice than in untreated mice. Post-CLP numbers of splenic neutrophils, macrophages, inflammatory monocytes and TNFα+ neutrophils also were lower in xanomeline-treated mice than in untreated animals. Percentages of IL-1β+ neutrophils, IL-1β+ monocytes, cDCs, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were similar in xanomeline-treated and untreated post-CLP mice. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that M1AChR-mediated responses modulate CLP-induced alterations in serum levels of some, but not all, cytokines/chemokines and affected splenic immune response phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel N Abraham
- Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children's Medical Center, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, New York, USA
- Sepsis Research Laboratories, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Room 3140, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Ana Nedeljkovic-Kurepa
- Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children's Medical Center, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, New York, USA
- Sepsis Research Laboratories, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Room 3140, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Tiago D Fernandes
- Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children's Medical Center, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, New York, USA
- Sepsis Research Laboratories, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Room 3140, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Omar Yaipen
- Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children's Medical Center, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, New York, USA
- Sepsis Research Laboratories, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Room 3140, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Mariana R Brewer
- Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children's Medical Center, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, New York, USA
- Sepsis Research Laboratories, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Room 3140, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Daniel E Leisman
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Matthew D Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children's Medical Center, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, New York, USA
- Sepsis Research Laboratories, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Room 3140, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Clifford S Deutschman
- Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children's Medical Center, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, New York, USA.
- Sepsis Research Laboratories, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Room 3140, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA.
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Li Q, Jia X, Zhong Q, Zhong Z, Wang Y, Tang C, Zhao B, Feng H, Hao J, Zhao Z, He J, Zhang Y. Combination of Walnut Peptide and Casein Peptide alleviates anxiety and improves memory in anxiety mices. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1273531. [PMID: 37867495 PMCID: PMC10588484 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1273531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anxiety disorders continue to prevail as the most prevalent cluster of mental disorders following the COVID-19 pandemic, exhibiting substantial detrimental effects on individuals' overall well-being and functioning. Even after a search spanning over a decade for novel anxiolytic compounds, none have been approved, resulting in the current anxiolytic medications being effective only for a specific subset of patients. Consequently, researchers are investigating everyday nutrients as potential alternatives to conventional medicines. Our prior study analyzed the antianxiety and memory-enhancing properties of the combination of Walnut Peptide (WP) and Casein Peptide (CP) in zebrafish. Methods and Results Based on this work, our current research further validates their effects in mice models exhibiting elevated anxiety levels through a combination of gavage oral administration. Our results demonstrated that at 170 + 300 mg human dose, the WP + CP combination significantly improved performances in relevant behavioral assessments related to anxiety and memory. Furthermore, our analysis revealed that the combination restores neurotransmitter dysfunction observed while monitoring Serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), dopamine (DA), and acetylcholine (ACh) levels. This supplementation also elevated the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA, indicating protective effects against the neurological stresses of anxiety. Additionally, there were strong correlations among behavioral indicators, BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), and numerous neurotransmitters. Conclusion Hence, our findings propose that the WP + CP combination holds promise as a treatment for anxiety disorder. Besides, supplementary applications are feasible when produced as powdered dietary supplements or added to common foods like powder, yogurt, or milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxi Li
- Laboratory of Nonhuman Primate Disease Modeling Research, Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuzhen Jia
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot, China
- Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Qixing Zhong
- Laboratory of Nonhuman Primate Disease Modeling Research, Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihui Zhong
- Laboratory of Nonhuman Primate Disease Modeling Research, Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Laboratory of Nonhuman Primate Disease Modeling Research, Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Laboratory of Nonhuman Primate Disease Modeling Research, Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bangcheng Zhao
- Laboratory of Nonhuman Primate Disease Modeling Research, Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haotian Feng
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot, China
- Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Jingyu Hao
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot, China
- Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Zifu Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot, China
- Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Jian He
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot, China
- Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Yingqian Zhang
- Laboratory of Nonhuman Primate Disease Modeling Research, Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Abraham MN, Nedeljkovic-Kurepa A, Fernandes T, Yaipen O, Brewer MR, Taylor MD, Deutschman C. M1 Cholinergic Signaling Modulates Cytokine Levels and Splenocyte Sub-Phenotypes Following Cecal Ligation and Puncture. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3353062. [PMID: 37886474 PMCID: PMC10602092 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3353062/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Background The contribution of the central nervous system to sepsis pathobiology is incompletely understood. In previous studies, administration of endotoxin to mice decreased activity of the vagus anti-inflammatory reflex. Treatment with the centrally-acting M1/M4 muscarinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor (M1/M4AChR) attenuated this endotoxin-mediated change. We hypothesize that decreased M1/M4AChR-mediated activity contributes to inflammation following cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), a mouse model of sepsis. Methods Basal forebrain cholinergic activity (immunostaining), serum cytokine/chemokine levels (ELISA) and splenocyte subtypes (flow cytometry) were examined at baseline and following CLP in male C57BL/6 male mice. Rersults At 48hrs. post-CLP, activity in basal forebrain cells expressing choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) was half of that observed at baseline. Lower activity was also noted in the hippocampus, which contains projections from ChAT-expressing basal forebrain neurons. Serum levels of TNFα, IL-1β, MIP-1α, IL-6, KC and G-CSF were higher post-CLP than at baseline. Post-CLP numbers of splenic macrophages and inflammatory monocytes, TNFa+ and ILb+ neutrophils and ILb+ monocytes were higher than baseline while numbers of central Dendritic Cells (cDCs), CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were lower. When, following CLP, mice were treated with xanomeline, a central-acting M1AChR agonist, activity in basal forebrain ChAT-expressing neurons and in the hippocampus was significantly higher than in untreated animals. Post-CLP serum concentrations of TNFα, IL-1β, and MIP-1α, but not of IL-6, KC and G-CSF, were significantly lower in xanomline-treated mice than in untreated mice. Post-CLP numbers of splenic neutrophils, macrophages, inflammatory monocytes and TNFα+ neutrophils also were lower in xanomeline-treated mice than in untreated animals. The effects of CLP on percentages of IL-1β+ neutrophils, IL-1β+ monocytes, cDCs, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were similar in xanomeline - treated and untreated post-CLP mice. Conclusion Our findings indicate that M1/M4AChR-mediated responses modulate CLP-induced alterations in the distribution of some, but not all, leukocyte phenotypes and certain cytokines and chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Omar Yaipen
- Northwell Health Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research
| | | | | | - Clifford Deutschman
- Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine at Hofstra University: Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
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Zhou L, Dau V, Jensen AA. Discovery of a Novel Class of Benzimidazole-Based Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Modulators: Positive and Negative Modulation Arising from Overlapping Allosteric Sites. J Med Chem 2023; 66:12586-12601. [PMID: 37650525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Here, we present the discovery of a novel class of benzimidazole-based allosteric modulators of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). The modulators were developed based on a compound (1) exhibiting positive modulatory activity at α4β2 nAChR in a compound library screening by functional characterization of 100 analogues of 1 at nAChRs. Two distinct series of positive and negative allosteric modulators (PAMs and NAMs, respectively) comprising benzimidazole as a shared structural moiety emerged from this SAR study. The PAMs mediated weak modulation of α4β2 and α6β2β3, whereas the NAMs exhibited essentially equipotent inhibition of α4β2, α6β2β3, α6β4β3, and α3β4 nAChRs, with analogue 9j [2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-1,3-dimethyl-1-H-benzo[d]imidazole-3-ium] displaying high-nanomolar and low-micromolar IC50 values at the β2- and β4-containing receptor subtypes, respectively. We propose that the PAMs and NAMs act through overlapping sites in the nAChR, and these findings thus underline the heterogenous modes of modulation that can arise from a shared allosteric site in the receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Zhou
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Vidan Dau
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Anders A Jensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Farías-Cea A, Leal C, Hödar-Salazar M, Esparza E, Martínez-Duran L, Fuentes I, Iturriaga-Vásquez P. Behavioral Study of 3- and 5-Halocytisine Derivatives in Zebrafish Using the Novel Tank Diving Test (NTT). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10635. [PMID: 37445811 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety is a serious mental disorder, and recent statistics have determined that 35.12% of the global population had an anxiety disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic. A mechanism associated with anxiolytic effects is related to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists, principally acting on the α4β2 nAChR subtype. nAChRs are present in different animal models, including murine and teleosteos ones. Zebrafish has become an ideal animal model due to its high human genetic similarities (70%), giving it high versatility in different areas of study, among them in behavioral studies related to anxiety. The novel tank diving test (NTT) is one of the many paradigms used for studies on new drugs related to their anxiolytic effect. In this work, an adult zebrafish was used to determine the behavioral effects of 3- and 5-halocytisine derivatives, using the NTT at different doses. Our results show that substitution at position 3 by chlorine or bromine decreases the time spent by the fish at the bottom compared to the control. However, the 3-chloro derivative at higher doses increases the bottom dwelling time. In contrast, substitution at the 5 position increases bottom dwelling at all concentrations showing no anxiolytic effects in this model. Unexpected results were observed with the 5-chlorocytisine derivative, which at a concentration of 10 mg/L produced a significant decrease in bottom dwelling and showed high times of freezing. In conclusion, the 3-chloro and 3-bromo derivatives show an anxiolytic effect, the 3-chlorocytisine derivative being more potent than the 3-bromo derivative, with the lowest time at the bottom of the tank at 1mg/L. On the other hand, chlorine, and bromine at position 5 produce an opposite effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaury Farías-Cea
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular y Química Medicinal, Departamento de Ciencias Química y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Cristóbal Leal
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular y Química Medicinal, Departamento de Ciencias Química y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Martín Hödar-Salazar
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular y Química Medicinal, Departamento de Ciencias Química y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias mención Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Erica Esparza
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular y Química Medicinal, Departamento de Ciencias Química y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias mención Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Luis Martínez-Duran
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular y Química Medicinal, Departamento de Ciencias Química y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias mención Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Irma Fuentes
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4810101, Chile
| | - Patricio Iturriaga-Vásquez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular y Química Medicinal, Departamento de Ciencias Química y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
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