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Burmistrova DA, Galustyan A, Pomortseva NP, Pashaeva KD, Arsenyev MV, Demidov OP, Kiskin MA, Poddel’sky AI, Berberova NT, Smolyaninov IV. Synthesis, electrochemical properties, and antioxidant activity of sterically hindered catechols with 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,4-triazole, thiazole or pyridine fragments. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:2378-2391. [PMID: 39319031 PMCID: PMC11420547 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of new RS-, RS-CH2- and R2N-CH2-functionalized сatechols with heterocyclic fragments such as 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,4-triazole, thiazole, or pyridine were synthesized by the reaction of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone or 3,5-di-tert-butyl-6-methoxymethylcatechol with different heterocyclic thiols. The S-functionalized catechols were prepared by the Michael reaction from 3,5-di-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone and the corresponding thiols. The starting reagents such as substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiols and 4H-triazole-3-thiols are characterized by thiol-thione tautomerism, therefore their reactions with 3,5-di-tert-butyl-6-methoxymethylcatechol can proceed at the sulfur or nitrogen atom. In the case of mercapto-derivatives of thiazole or pyridine, this process leads to the formation of the corresponding thioethers with a methylene linker. At the same time, thiolated 1,3,4-oxadiazole or 1,2,4-triazole undergo alkylation at the nitrogen atom in the reaction with 3,5-di-tert-butyl-6-methoxymethylcatechol to form the corresponding thiones. The yield of reaction products ranges from 42 to 80%. The crystal structures of catechols with 3-nitropyridine or 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione moieties were established by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The possibility of forming intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds has been established for these compounds. The electrochemical behavior of the studied compounds is influenced by several factors: the nature of the heterocycle and its substituents, the presence of a sulfur atom in the catechol ring, or a thione group in the heterocyclic core. The radical scavenging activity and antioxidant properties were determined using the reaction with synthetic radicals, the cupric reducing antioxidant capacity assay, the inhibition process of superoxide radical anion formation by xanthine oxidase, and the process of lipid peroxidation of rat liver (Wistar) homogenates in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria A Burmistrova
- Chemistry Department, Astrakhan State Technical University, Tatischev str. 16/1, 414056, Astrakhan, Russia
| | - Andrey Galustyan
- Chemistry Department, Astrakhan State Technical University, Tatischev str. 16/1, 414056, Astrakhan, Russia
| | - Nadezhda P Pomortseva
- Chemistry Department, Astrakhan State Technical University, Tatischev str. 16/1, 414056, Astrakhan, Russia
| | - Kristina D Pashaeva
- Chemistry Department, Astrakhan State Technical University, Tatischev str. 16/1, 414056, Astrakhan, Russia
| | - Maxim V Arsenyev
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinin str. 49, 603137, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Oleg P Demidov
- North-Caucasus Federal University, Pushkin str. 1, 355017, Stavropol, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Kiskin
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prosp., 31, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey I Poddel’sky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nadezhda T Berberova
- Chemistry Department, Astrakhan State Technical University, Tatischev str. 16/1, 414056, Astrakhan, Russia
| | - Ivan V Smolyaninov
- Chemistry Department, Astrakhan State Technical University, Tatischev str. 16/1, 414056, Astrakhan, Russia
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Zheng Q, Liu H, Gao Y, Cao G, Wang Y, Li Z. Ameliorating Mitochondrial Dysfunction for the Therapy of Parkinson's Disease. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311571. [PMID: 38385823 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is currently the second most incurable central neurodegenerative disease resulting from various pathogenesis. As the "energy factory" of cells, mitochondria play an extremely important role in supporting neuronal signal transmission and other physiological activities. Mitochondrial dysfunction can cause and accelerate the occurrence and progression of PD. How to effectively prevent and suppress mitochondrial disorders is a key strategy for the treatment of PD from the root. Therefore, the emerging mitochondria-targeted therapy has attracted considerable interest. Herein, the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and PD, the causes and results of mitochondrial dysfunction, and major strategies for ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction to treat PD are systematically reviewed. The study also prospects the main challenges for the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zheng
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hanghang Liu
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development and College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Yifan Gao
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Guozhi Cao
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yusong Wang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
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Riegelman E, Xue KS, Wang JS, Tang L. Gut-Brain Axis in Focus: Polyphenols, Microbiota, and Their Influence on α-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease. Nutrients 2024; 16:2041. [PMID: 38999791 PMCID: PMC11243524 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
With the recognition of the importance of the gut-brain axis in Parkinson's disease (PD) etiology, there is increased interest in developing therapeutic strategies that target α-synuclein, the hallmark abhorrent protein of PD pathogenesis, which may originate in the gut. Research has demonstrated that inhibiting the aggregation, oligomerization, and fibrillation of α-synuclein are key strategies for disease modification. Polyphenols, which are rich in fruits and vegetables, are drawing attention for their potential role in this context. In this paper, we reviewed how polyphenols influence the composition and functional capabilities of the gut microbiota and how the resulting microbial metabolites of polyphenols may potentially enhance the modulation of α-synuclein aggregation. Understanding the interaction between polyphenols and gut microbiota and identifying which specific microbes may enhance the efficacy of polyphenols is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies and precision nutrition based on the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lili Tang
- Department of Environmental Health Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (E.R.); (K.S.X.); (J.-S.W.)
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Ge Q, Yan Y, Luo Y, Teng T, Cao C, Zhao D, Zhang J, Li C, Chen W, Yang B, Yi Z, Chang T, Chen X. Dietary supplements: clinical cholesterol-lowering efficacy and potential mechanisms of action. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2024; 75:349-368. [PMID: 38659110 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2024.2342301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
This review aims to analyse the efficacy of dietary supplements in reducing plasma cholesterol levels. Focusing on evidence from meta-analyses of randomised controlled clinical trials, with an emphasis on potential mechanisms of action as supported by human, animal, and cell studies. Certain dietary supplements including phytosterols, berberine, viscous soluble dietary fibres, garlic supplements, soy protein, specific probiotic strains, and certain polyphenol extracts could significantly reduce plasma total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels by 3-25% in hypercholesterolemic patients depending on the type of supplement. They tended to be more effective in reducing plasma LDL cholesterol level in hypercholesterolemic individuals than in normocholesterolemic individuals. These supplements worked by various mechanisms, such as enhancing the excretion of bile acids, inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol in the intestines, increasing the expression of hepatic LDL receptors, suppressing the activity of enzymes involved in cholesterol synthesis, and activating the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ge
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yue Yan
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Ningxia Institute of Science and Technology Development Strategy and Information, Yinchuan, China
| | - Tai Teng
- Ningxia Guolong Hospital Co., LTD, Yinchuan, China
| | - Caixia Cao
- People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Danqing Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Caihong Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wang Chen
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Binkun Yang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zicheng Yi
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tengwen Chang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
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Guo Y, Yang Y. Progress of plant polyphenol extracts in treating depression by anti-neuroinflammatory mechanism: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37151. [PMID: 38306547 PMCID: PMC10843529 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence supporting the involvement of central nervous system inflammation in the pathophysiology of depression. Polyphenols are a diverse group of compounds known for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. They offer a promising and effective supplementary approach to alleviating neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with inflammation-induced depression. This paper provides a summary of the potential anti-neuroinflammatory mechanisms of plant polyphenol extracts against depression. This includes direct interference with inflammatory regulators and inhibition of the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, it covers downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines by altering protein kinases or affecting the activity of the signaling pathways that they activate. These pathways interfere with the conduction of signaling molecules, resulting in the destruction and reduced synthesis of all inflammatory mediators and cytokines. This reduces the apoptosis of neurons and plays a neuroprotective role. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of plant polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Guo
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Medical Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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