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Wang YY, Ye LH, Zhao AQ, Gao WR, Dai N, Yin Y, Zhang X. M6A modification regulates tumor suppressor DIRAS1 expression in cervical cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2306674. [PMID: 38372700 PMCID: PMC10878024 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2306674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
DIRAS family GTPase 1 (DIRAS1) has been reported as a potential tumor suppressor in other human cancer. However, its expression pattern and role in cervical cancer remain unknown. Knockdown of DIRAS1 significantly promoted the proliferation, growth, migration, and invasion of C33A and SiHa cells cultured in vitro. Overexpression of DIRAS1 significantly inhibited the viability and motility of C33A and SiHa cells. Compared with normal cervical tissues, DIRAS1 mRNA levels were significantly lower in cervical cancer tissues. DIRAS1 protein expression was also significantly reduced in cervical cancer tissues compared with para-cancerous tissues. In addition, DIRAS1 expression level in tumor tissues was significantly negatively correlated with the pathological grades of cervical cancer patients. DNA methylation inhibitor (5-Azacytidine) and histone deacetylation inhibitor (SAHA) resulted in a significant increase in DIRAS1 mRNA levels in C33A and SiHa cells, but did not affect DIRAS1 protein levels. FTO inhibitor (FB23-2) significantly down-regulated intracellular DIRAS1 mRNA levels, but significantly up-regulated DIRAS1 protein levels. Moreover, the down-regulation of METTL3 and METTL14 expression significantly inhibited DIRAS1 protein expression, whereas the down-regulation of FTO and ALKBH5 expression significantly increased DIRAS1 protein expression. In conclusion, DIRAS1 exerts a significant anti-oncogenic function and its expression is significantly downregulated in cervical cancer cells. The m6A modification may be a key mechanism to regulate DIRAS1 mRNA stability and protein translation efficiency in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Lian-Hua Ye
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zigong Fourth People’s Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - An-Qi Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Ran Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Ning Dai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu Yin
- Operating Rooms, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
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Jiang X, Zhu Z, Ding L, Du W, Pei D. ALKBH4 impedes 5-FU Sensitivity through suppressing GSDME induced pyroptosis in gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:435. [PMID: 38902235 PMCID: PMC11189908 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06832-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the primary treatment option for advanced gastric cancer. However, the current challenge lies in the absence of validated biomarkers to accurately predict the efficacy and sensitivity of 5-FU in individual patients. It has been confirmed that 5-FU can regulate tumor progression by promoting gasdermin E (GSDME, encoded by DFNA5) cleavage to induce pyroptosis. Lysine demethylase ALKBH4 has been shown to be upregulated in a variety of tumors to promote tumor progression. However, its role in gastric cancer is not clear. In this study, we observed a significant upregulation of ALKBH4 expression in gastric cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, indicating its potential as a predictor for the poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients. On the contrary, GSDME exhibits low expression levels in gastric cancer and demonstrates a negative correlation with poor prognosis among patients diagnosed with gastric cancer. In addition, we also found that high expression of ALKBH4 can inhibit pyroptosis and promote the proliferation of gastric cancer cells. Mechanistically, ALKBH4 inhibits GSDME activation at the transcriptional level by inhibiting H3K4me3 histone modification in the GSDME promoter region, thereby reducing the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to 5-FU treatment. These findings provide further insight into the regulatory mechanisms of ALKBH4 in the progression of gastric cancer and underscore its potential as a prognostic marker for predicting the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to 5-FU treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jiang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Zhiman Zhu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Lina Ding
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Wenqi Du
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Dongsheng Pei
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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Guo J, Zhao L, Duan M, Yang Z, Zhao H, Liu B, Wang Y, Deng L, Wang C, Jiang X, Jiang X. Demethylases in tumors and the tumor microenvironment: Key modifiers of N 6-methyladenosine methylation. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116479. [PMID: 38537580 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA methylation modifications are widespread in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, with N6-methyladenosine (m6A) the most common among them. Demethylases, including Fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) and AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5), are important in maintaining the balance between RNA methylation and demethylation. Recent studies have clearly shown that demethylases affect the biological functions of tumors by regulating their m6A levels. However, their effects are complicated, and even opposite results have appeared in different articles. Here, we summarize the complex regulatory networks of demethylases, including the most important and common pathways, to clarify the role of demethylases in tumors. In addition, we describe the relationships between demethylases and the tumor microenvironment, and introduce their regulatory mechanisms. Finally, we discuss evaluation of demethylases for tumor diagnosis and prognosis, as well as the clinical application of demethylase inhibitors, providing a strong basis for their large-scale clinical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchen Guo
- Departmentof Radiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shenyang Anorectal Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, China
| | - Meiqi Duan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - He Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Baiming Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Liping Deng
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Xiaodi Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China.
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Hu J, Wang S, Li X. A comprehensive review of m 6A research in cervical cancer. Epigenomics 2024; 16:753-773. [PMID: 38639713 PMCID: PMC11318741 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2024-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) remains one of the most common malignancies among women worldwide, posing a serious threat to women's health. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, as the most abundant type of RNA methylation modification, and has been found to play a crucial role in various cancers. Current research suggests a close association between RNA m6A modification and the occurrence and progression of CC, encompassing disruptions in m6A levels and its regulatory machinery. This review summarizes the current status of m6A modification research in CC, explores the mechanisms underlying m6A levels and regulators (methyltransferases, demethylases, reader proteins) in CC and examines the application of small-molecule inhibitors of m6A regulators in disease treatment. The findings provide new insights into the future treatment of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine & Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shizhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine & Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuting Li
- Department of Public Health, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, 210000, China
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Wang R, Tan W. RBM15-Mediated N6-Methyl Adenosine (m6A) Modification of EZH2 Drives the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Cervical Cancer. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr 2024; 34:15-29. [PMID: 38842201 DOI: 10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2024052205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
RBM15 functions as an oncogene in multi-type cancers. However, the reports on the roles of RBM15 in cervical cancer are limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potentials of RBM15 in cervical cancer. RT-qPCR was conducted to determine mRNA levels. Western was carried out to detect protein expression. CCK-8, colony formation and EdU assays were conducted to determine cell proliferation. Scratch and transwell assays were conducted to determine cell migration and invasion. MeRIP assay was conducted to determine N6-methyl adenosine (m6A) levels. Luciferase assay was conducted to verify the m6A sites of EZH2 and binding sites between EZH2 and promoter of FN1. ChIP assay was conducted to verify the interaction between EZH2 and FN1. The results showed that RBM15 was upregulated in cervical cancer patients and cells. Moreover, high levels of RBM15 predicted poor clinical outcomes. RBM15 knockdown inhibited the proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cervical cancer cells. RBM15 promoted the m6A modification of EZH2 as well as its protein translation. Additionally, EZH2 bound to the promoter of fibronectin 1 (FN1) and EZH2-FN1 axis is the cascade downstream of RBM15. Overexpressed EZH2 antagonized the effects of RBM15 knockdown and promoted the aggressiveness of cervical cancer cells. In summary, RBM15/EZH2/FN1 signaling cascade induces the proliferation and EMT of cervical cancer. Therefore, RBM15/EZH2/FN1 signaling may be a promising strategy for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ward 2, Harbin Medical University Affiliated Second Hospital, Harbin City 150081, China
| | - Wenhua Tan
- Harbin Medical University Affiliated Second Hospital
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