Prescribing statin therapy in physically (in)active individuals vs prescribing physical activity in statin-treated patients: A four-scenario practical approach

Advances in statin adverse reactions and the potential mechanisms: A systematic review

BACKGROUND

Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Statins are the cornerstone of preventing and treating cardiovascular disease and can reduce LDL cholesterol by more than 60%. Although statins have high tolerability and safety, as the number of users increases, their adverse reactions in the liver, kidneys, skeletal muscles, and their potential to induce diabetes have also received widespread attention.

AIM OF REVIEW

How to maximize the lipid-lowering effect of statins, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, promote the rational application of statins in the clinic, and improve the risk-benefit level, in order to benefit more cardiovascular patients and provide reference for the related basic research of statins. Key scientific concepts of review: This article provides a comprehensive review of the clinical manifestations of statin-related adverse reactions (associated myopathy, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, glycemic effects, central nervous system, hemorrhagic stroke, etc.), risk factors for triggering adverse reactions, statin interactions with other drugs (food), potential etiopathological mechanisms and common interventions in the clinic. Genetic diversity is strongly associated with statin adverse effects, and thus, in the future genetic testing may also be key to mitigating statin adverse effects.

Curcumin-Based Fixed Dose Combination Products for Cholesterol Management: A Narrative Review

Curcumin, a polyphenol compound that belongs to a class of molecules known as curcuminoids, may interact with various biological macromolecules in the body, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Curcumin-based fixed-dose combination (FDC) products enhance curcumin stability and bioavailability for better clinical use in cholesterol management. Preclinical studies on curcumin and cholesterol are mostly positive. Obstacles are the variable composition of the many different curcumin-based FDC products, the lack of standards, and the limitation of the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted for specific products. Once these downfalls have been addressed, curcumin-based FDC products have great potential for cholesterol management. They can supplement the uptake of statins, reducing their dosage for the same controlling effects or even replacing them.