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Huang Y, Ma S, Wang Y, Yan R, Wang S, Liu N, Chen B, Chen J, Liu L. The Role of Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicines and Bioactive Ingredients on Ion Channels: A Brief Review and Prospect. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2020; 18:257-265. [PMID: 30370864 DOI: 10.2174/1871527317666181026165400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs), particularly the Chinese herbal medicines, are valuable sources of medicines and have been used for centuries. The term "TCMs" both represents to the single drug agent like Salvia miltiorrhiza, Ligusticum chuanxiong and Angelica sinensis, and those herbal formulas like Jingshu Keli, Wenxin Keli and Danzhen powder. In recent years, the researches of TCMs developed rapidly to understand the scientific basis of these herbs. In this review, we collect the studies of TCM and their containing bioactive compounds, and attempt to provide an overview for their regulatory effects on different ion channels including Ca2+, K+, Na+, Cl- channels and TRP, P2X receptors. The following conditions are used to limit the range of our review. (i) Only the herbal materials are included in this review and the animal- and mineral-original TCMs are excluded. (ii) The major discussions in this review focus on single TCM agent and the herbal formulas are only discussed for a little. (iii) Those most famous herbal medicines like Capsicum annuum (pepper), Curcuma longa (ginger) and Cannabis sativa (marijuana) are excluded. (iv) Only those TCM herbs with more than 5 research papers confirming their effects on ion channels are discussed in this review. Our review discusses recently available scientific evidences for TCMs and related bioactive compounds that have been reported with the modulatory effects on different ion channels, and thus provides a new ethnopharmacological approach to understand the usage of TCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Shumei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Renjie Yan
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Nan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Ben Chen
- Laboratory of Cell Asymmetry, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.,Department of CNS Research, New Drug Research Division, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima 771-0192, Japan
| | - Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, China.,Shanghai Professional and Technical Service Center for Biological Material Drug-ability Evaluation, Shanghai 200437, China
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Zhang B, Saatman KE, Chen L. Therapeutic potential of natural compounds from Chinese medicine in acute and subacute phases of ischemic stroke. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:416-424. [PMID: 31571650 PMCID: PMC6921351 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.265545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in adults worldwide, resulting in huge social and financial burdens. Extracts from herbs, especially those used in Chinese medicine, have emerged as new pharmaceuticals for stroke treatment. Here we review the evidence from preclinical studies investigating neuroprotective properties of Chinese medicinal compounds through their application in acute and subacute phases of ischemic stroke, and highlight potential mechanisms underlying their therapeutic effects. It is noteworthy that many herbal compounds have been shown to target multiple mechanisms and in combinations may exert synergistic effects on signaling pathways, thereby attenuating multiple aspects of ischemic pathology. We conclude the paper with a general discussion of the prospects for novel natural compound-based regimens against stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhang
- College of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Kathryn E Saatman
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, KY, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, KY, USA
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Buenafe OE, Orellana-Paucar A, Maes J, Huang H, Ying X, De Borggraeve W, Crawford AD, Luyten W, Esguerra CV, de Witte P. Tanshinone IIA exhibits anticonvulsant activity in zebrafish and mouse seizure models. ACS Chem Neurosci 2013; 4:1479-87. [PMID: 23937066 DOI: 10.1021/cn400140e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Danshen or Chinese red sage (Salvia miltiorrhiza, Bunge) is used by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practitioners to treat neurological, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular disorders and is included in some TCM formulations to control epileptic seizures. In this study, acetonic crude extracts of danshen inhibited pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizure activity in zebrafish larvae. Subsequent zebrafish bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract resulted in the isolation of four major tanshinones, which suppressed PTZ-induced activity to varying degrees. One of the active tanshinones, tanshinone IIA, also reduced c-fos expression in the brains of PTZ-exposed zebrafish larvae. In rodent seizure models, tanshinone IIA showed anticonvulsive activity in the mouse 6-Hz psychomotor seizure test in a biphasic manner and modified seizure thresholds in a complex manner for the mouse i.v. PTZ seizure assay. Interestingly, tanshinone IIA is used as a prescription drug in China to address cerebral ischemia in patients. Here, we provide the first in vivo evidence demonstrating that tanshinone IIA has anticonvulsant properties as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Erin Buenafe
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical & Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adriana Orellana-Paucar
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical & Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Facultad
de Ciencias Quimicas, Escuela de Bioquimica y Farmacia, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 101168, Ecuador
| | - Jan Maes
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical & Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hao Huang
- College
of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xuhui Ying
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Analysis
Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wim De Borggraeve
- Molecular
Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alexander D. Crawford
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical & Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Luxembourg
Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Walter Luyten
- Department
of Biology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Camila V. Esguerra
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical & Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter de Witte
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical & Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Sucher NJ. Insights from molecular investigations of traditional Chinese herbal stroke medicines: implications for neuroprotective epilepsy therapy. Epilepsy Behav 2006; 8:350-62. [PMID: 16455305 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2005.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2005] [Accepted: 11/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese herbal medicine is the most widely practiced form of herbalism worldwide. It is based on a sophisticated system of medical theory and practice that is distinctly different from orthodox Western scientific medicine. Most traditional therapeutic formulations consist of a combination of several drugs. The combination of multiple drugs is thought to maximize therapeutic efficacy by facilitating synergistic actions and ameliorating or preventing potential adverse effects while at the same time aiming at multiple targets. Orthodox drug therapy has been subject to critical analysis by the "evidence-based medicine" movement, and demands have been made that herbal medicine should be subject to the same kind of scrutiny. However, evaluation of the effectiveness of herbal medicines can be challenging, as their active components are often not known. Accordingly, it may be difficult to ensure that an herbal preparation used in clinical trials contains the components underlying its purported therapeutic effect. We reasoned that the identification of actions of herbal medicines at well-defined molecular targets and subsequent identification of chemical compounds underlying these molecular effects might serve as surrogate markers in the hypothesis-guided evaluation of their therapeutic efficacy. A research program was initiated to characterize in vitro molecular actions of a collection of 58 traditional Chinese drugs that are often used for the treatment of stroke. The results indicate that these drugs possess activity at disparate molecular targets in the signaling pathways involved in N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated neuronal injury and death. Each herbal drug contains diverse families of chemical compounds, where each family comprises structurally related members that act with low affinity at multiple molecular targets. The data appear to support the multicomponent, multitarget approach of traditional Chinese medicine. Glutamate release and excessive stimulation of NMDA receptors cause status epilepticus-induced neuronal death and are involved in epileptogenesis. Therefore, these results are also relevant to the development of antiepileptogenic and neuroprotective therapy for seizures. The combination of principles of modern molecular medicine with certain ideas of traditional empirical Chinese medicine may be beneficial in translational medicine in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus J Sucher
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Fattorusso R, Frutos S, Sun X, Sucher NJ, Pellecchia M. Traditional Chinese medicines with caspase-inhibitory activity. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 13:16-22. [PMID: 16360928 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2005.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2004] [Accepted: 03/22/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Clinical evidence indicates that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) drugs can reduce stroke-inflicted brain damage. To date, the molecular basis of the apparent neuroprotective effects of these TCM drugs remains largely obscure. Several lines of evidence indicate that the activation of cell death programs leads to the loss of neurons during the reperfusion phase of ischemic stroke. In particular, activation of caspases (cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinases) is a critical step in neuronal apoptosis. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and fluorescence assays, we screened a collection of 58 TCM drugs that are commonly used in stroke therapy for caspase inhibitory activity. We found that aqueous extracts of Lianqiao (Fructus Forsythiae) and Shouwuteng (Caulis Polygoni multiflori) blocked the activity of the initiator caspase-8 as well as the effector caspase-3 and caspase-7 in a dose-dependent manner with an IC(50)10 microg/ml. Identification of caspase inhibitory activity of these TCM drugs, allows the formulation of testable hypotheses and design of further investigations aimed at the elucidation of the molecular basis of TCM stroke therapy.
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