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Yong YF, Tan SC, Liew MWO, Yaacob NS. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method development for screening of potential tamoxifen-drug/herb interaction via in vitro cytochrome P450 inhibition assay. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1148:122148. [PMID: 32416571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Screening for potential drug-drug interaction (DDI) or herb-drug interaction (HDI) using in vitro cytochrome P450 inhibition (IVCI) assays requires robust analytical methods with high sensitivity and reproducibility. Utilization of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for analyte quantification is often hampered by the presence of non-volatile IVCI sample buffer constituents that often results in ion suppression. In this study, to enable screening of drug interactions involving tamoxifen (TAM) metabolism using IVCI-LC-MS/MS, a liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method was developed and optimized for sample clean-up. Utilization of chloroform as extraction solvent and adjustment of sample pH to 11 was found to result in satisfactory recovery (>70%) and low ion suppression (<19%). A LC-MS/MS method was subsequently developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of major TAM metabolites, such as N-desmethyltamoxifen (NDT), endoxifen (EDF) and 4-hydroxytamoxifen (HTF) to enable IVCI sample analysis. Satisfactory separation of E-/Z-isomers of endoxifen with peak resolution (Rs) of 1.9 was achieved. Accuracy and precision of the method was verified within the linear range of 0-50 ng/mL for NDT, 0-25 ng/mL for HTF and 0-25 ng/mL for EDF (E/Z isomers). Inhibitory potency (IC50, Ki and mode of inhibition) of known CYP inhibitors and Strobilanthes crispus extract was then evaluated using the validated method. In summary, the results demonstrated applicability of the developed LLE and validated LC-MS/MS method for in vitro screening of DDI and HDI involving TAM metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Yong
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - S C Tan
- Usains Biomics Laboratory Testing Services Sdn. Bhd., Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mervyn W O Liew
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - N S Yaacob
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Shan L, Zhang G, Guo Z, Shi X. In vitro investigation of permeability and metabolism of licoricidin. Life Sci 2019; 234:116770. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Zhang Z, Wang Y, Tan W, Wang S, Liu J, Liu X, Wang X, Gao X. A Review of Danshen Combined with Clopidogrel in the Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:2721413. [PMID: 30911318 PMCID: PMC6399523 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2721413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Danshen, the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, is a traditional herbal medicine in China, which has been used to treat irregular menstruation, cold hernia, and abdominal pain for thousands of years. Danshen is frequently used in combination with drugs to treat cardiovascular diseases. Clopidogrel is a commonly used drug for treating coronary heart disease, but clopidogrel resistance restricts its development. Therefore, the clinical efficacy of Danshen combined with clopidogrel treats coronary heart disease and the relationship between Danshen and clopidogrel metabolism enzymes is suggested for future investigations. MATERIALS AND METHODS The information was collected by searching online databases, and the RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform meta-analysis. RESULTS Twenty-two articles, including 2587 patients, were enrolled after the evaluation. Meta-analysis showed that Danshen combined with clopidogrel was more effective than clopidogrel alone in treating coronary heart disease by improving clinical curative effect, reducing the frequency of angina pectoris, improving electrocardiogram results, shortening the duration of angina pectoris, and easing adverse reactions. Danshen inhibited carboxylesterase 1 and most enzyme of cytochrome P450, especially cytochrome P450 1A2, which may affect the metabolism of clopidogrel. CONCLUSION Danshen combined with clopidogrel may compensate for individual differences of clopidogrel resistance among individuals in the treatment of coronary heart disease. Meanwhile, the inhibitory effect of Danshen on cytochrome P450 and carboxylesterase 1 could be partly responsible for the synergistic and attenuating effects of Danshen combined with clopidogrel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Wangxiao Tan
- Key Laboratory of Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Siwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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Xu MJ, Jiang LF, Wu T, Chu JH, Wei YD, Aa JY, Wang GJ, Hao HP, Ju WZ, Li P. Inhibitory Effects of Danshen components on CYP2C8 and CYP2J2. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 289:15-22. [PMID: 29689254 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of Chinese herbal medicines and natural products has become increasingly popular in both China and Western societies as an alternative medicine for the treatment of diseases or as a health supplement. Danshen, the dried root of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Fam.Labiatae), which is rich in phenolic acids and tanshinones, is a widely used herbal medicine for the treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. The goal of this study was to examine the inhibitory effects of fifteen components derived from Danshen on CYP2C8 and CYP2J2, which are expressed both in human liver and cardiovascular systems. Recombinant CYP2C8 and CYP2J2 were used, and the mechanism, kinetics, and type of inhibition were determined. Taxol 6-hydroxylation and astemizole O-desmethyastemizole were determined as probe activities for CYP2C8 and CYP2J2, respectively. Metabolites formations were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results demonstrated that salvianolic acid A was a competitive inhibitor of CYP2C8 (Ki = 2.5 μM) and mixed-type inhibitor of CYP2J2 (Ki = 7.44 μM). Salvianolic acid C had moderate noncompetitive and mixed-type inhibitions on CYP2C8 (Ki = 4.82 μM) and CYP2J2 (Ki = 5.75 μM), respectively. Tanshinone IIA was a moderate competitive inhibitor of CYP2C8 (Ki = 1.18 μM). Dihydrotanshinone I had moderate noncompetitive inhibition on CYP2J2 (Ki = 6.59 μM), but mechanism-based inhibition on CYP2C8 (KI = 0.43 μM, kinact = 0.097 min-1). Tanshinone I was a moderate competitive inhibitor of CYP2C8 (Ki = 4.20 μM). These findings suggested that Danshen preparations appear not likely to pose a significant risk of drug interactions mediated by CYP2C8 after oral administration; but their inhibitory effects on intestinal CYP2J2 mediated drug metabolism should not be neglected when they are given orally in combination with other drugs. Additionally, this study provided novel insights into the underling pharmacological mechanisms of Danshen components from the perspective of CYP2C8 and CYP2J2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Juan Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Li-Feng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ji-Hong Chu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yi-Dan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ji-Ye Aa
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Guang-Ji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hai-Ping Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wen-Zheng Ju
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Zhou X, Choi PS, Yang JM, Or PMY, Hoi PM, Lee SMY, Leung GPH, Ngai SM, Kong SK, Ho HP, Wong MYM, Chan SW, Yeung JHK, Kwan YW. Chemical and pharmacological evaluations on the extract of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Huang-Qin) prepared by various extraction methods. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1438. [PMID: 27652014 PMCID: PMC5005245 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background This study reported a comprehensive approach (comparing the extraction yields, chemical profiles, antioxidant properties and CYP450-inhibitory effects) to evaluated the effectiveness of various extraction methods [microwave-assisted extraction using water (MAE-W), heat reflux extraction using water (HRE-W), ultrasonic extraction using 70 % ethanol and ultrasonic extraction using ethanol (UE-E)] for Huang-Qin (HQ), the dried root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Results The HQ extraction efficiency by MAE-W was the best. The chemical profiles of extracts obtained using HRE-W and MAE-W were similar; whereas more flavones but less flavone glycosides were detected in the UE-E extract. There was no difference in the antioxidant properties among different extracts. In vitro human liver microsome assays illustrated that all extracts possessed herb–drug interaction potentials but the UE-E extract are shown with a potent interaction with CYP3A4-metabolized drugs. Conclusion MAE-W is a favorable method for the preparation of HQ extracts based on extraction yield, pharmacological properties and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pou Seng Choi
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jia-Ming Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Penelope M Y Or
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pui Man Hoi
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Simon M Y Lee
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - George P H Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sai Ming Ngai
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siu Kai Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ho Pui Ho
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Melody Y M Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shun Wan Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Food and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - John H K Yeung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiu Wa Kwan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Ma BL, Ma YM. Pharmacokinetic herb–drug interactions with traditional Chinese medicine: progress, causes of conflicting results and suggestions for future research. Drug Metab Rev 2016; 48:1-26. [DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2015.1124888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Hu T, Zhou X, Wang L, Or PM, Yeung JH, Kwan YW, Cho CH. Effects of tanshinones from Salvia miltiorrhiza on CYP2C19 activity in human liver microsomes: Enzyme kinetic and molecular docking studies. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 230:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Handa K, Nakagome I, Yamaotsu N, Gouda H, Hirono S. In Silieo Study on the Inhibitory Interaction of Drugs with Wild-type CYP2D6.1 and the Natural Variant CYP2D6.17. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2014; 29:52-60. [DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.dmpk-13-rg-044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhou X, Wang Y, Hu T, Or PMY, Wong J, Kwan YW, Wan DCC, Hoi PM, Lai PBS, Yeung JHK. Enzyme kinetic and molecular docking studies for the inhibitions of miltirone on major human cytochrome P450 isozymes. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 20:367-374. [PMID: 23102508 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that major tanshinones isolated from Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) inhibited human and rat CYP450 enzymes-mediated metabolism of model probe substrates, with potential in causing herb-drug interactions. Miltirone, another abietane type-diterpene quinone isolated from Danshen, has been reported for its anti-oxidative, anxiolytic and anti-cancer effects. The aim of this study was to study the effect of miltirone on the metabolism of model probe substrates of CYP1A2, 2C9, 2D6 and 3A4 in pooled human liver microsomes. Miltirone showed moderate inhibition on CYP1A2 (IC(50)=1.73 μM) and CYP2C9 (IC(50)=8.61 μM), and weak inhibition on CYP2D6 (IC(50)=30.20 μM) and CYP3A4 (IC(50)=33.88 μM). Enzyme kinetic studies showed that miltirone competitively inhibited CYP2C9 (K(i)=1.48 μM), and displayed mixed type inhibitions on CYP1A2, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 with K(i) values of 3.17 μM, 24.25 μM and 35.09 μM, respectively. Molecular docking study further confirmed the ligand-binding conformations of miltirone in the active sites of these human CYP450 isoforms, and provided some information on structure-activity relationships for the CYPs inhibition by tanshinones. Taken together, CYPs inhibitions of miltirone were weaker than dihydrotanshinone, but stronger than cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China.
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