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Babu A, Fernandez A, Viswanadhan Sarasamma V, Pathumma Laila S. Synthesis and characterisation of copper acetate mediated oxidative coupled product of naturally occurring hydroxy benzoquinone, embelin and its in vitro and in vivo cytotoxic studies in Dalton Lymphoma ascites tumour cells. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-11. [PMID: 38134270 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2291822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Embelin is an active phytoconstituent known to exhibit a variety of biological activities, especially active against various cancer and tumour cell lines. In the present work, embelin was extracted and isolated from Embelia ribes and was structurally modified by incorporating different fluoro substituted aniline in the quinone motif with a view of enhancing the biological activity. The synthesis was carried out in presence of copper acetate catalyst in a protic solvent, glacial acetic acid to obtain EDFA, ETFA and EOCF and were characterised by various spectral techniques. Embelin and its derivatives were then subjected to in vitro studies in DLA cell lines. Antiangeogenic activities were tested using CAM assay. EOCF was identified as the most active derivative and hence subjected to in vivo studies in tumour induced albino mice. The activity was compared with currently used anticancer drug, cyclophosphamide. The study revealed that EOCF was effective in inhibiting tumour growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunkumar Babu
- College of Engineering Trivandrum, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Annette Fernandez
- College of Engineering Trivandrum, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Reviewing the Traditional/Modern Uses, Phytochemistry, Essential Oils/Extracts and Pharmacology of Embelia ribes Burm. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071359. [PMID: 35883850 PMCID: PMC9311956 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Embelia ribes Burm. (E. ribes, Myrsinaceae), also known as Vidanga in Ayurveda, has been shown to have significant therapeutic benefits on several disorders, and its main chemical bioactive constituent, embelin, has the therapeutic potential to be converted into innovative drugs, which is why it has recently received considerable interest. In the present work, we provide a higher level of comprehension, awareness, and extensive knowledge of the traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological characteristics of E. ribes throughout the last several decades (February 1965 to June 2021), emphasizing the importance of the study of essential oils extracted from E. ribes, which show a major potential for exerting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Materials and Methods: Google Scholar, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scifinder, Scopus, and ScienceDirect were used to conduct a thorough literature search. Results: E. ribes is high in essential oils, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and phenolics, all of which have medicinal benefits. The essential oils/extracts and isolated chemical constituents exhibited antioxidant activity, wound healing, antidiabetic, central nervous system (CNS)-related disease, antiviral, antiobesity, cardioprotective, antifungal, antibacterial, and antifertility activity, among other promising pharmacological effects. Conclusion: The translation between traditional applications and modern medicine may make E. ribes a promising target for the implementation of innovative medication. To investigate the efficacy and safety profile of E. ribes, further high-quality preclinical studies using advanced methodologies are required.
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B A, Fernandez A, Laila SP, Nair AS, Vishnu VS. Synthesis, characterization, molecular docking and anticancer studies of fluoroaniline derivatives of hydroxybenzoquinone and hydroxynaphthoquinone. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:3917-3927. [PMID: 33314966 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1852116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Two series of fluoro substituted-anilino derivatives of naturally occurring hydroxybenzoquinone and hydroxynaphthoquinone were synthesized using TFA as catalyst to improve the product yield. Recently, fluorine containing compounds are being used as anticancer drugs. The aim of this study is to find compounds that are active against melanoma cells. This six new fluoro substituted quinone compounds were synthesized and characterized. All of these compounds were then subjected to molecular docking studies against B-raf protein using Discovery Studio 4.0 and the binding affinities were calculated. The energy scores of in silico analysis revealed that all the compounds exhibited better binding affinity towards B-raf protein. Moreover, all the derivatives and the parent compounds, embelin and plumbagin along with standard drug, PLX4032 were investigated for its in vitro cytotoxicity in A375 cell lines (Melanoma) and in vitro ELISA assay in B-raf isolated from melanoma cells. Among them, 5-(3-chloro-4-trifluoromethoxy-phenylamino)-2-hydroxy-3-undecyl-[1,4]benzoquinone exhibited lower cell viability with lowest LC50 of 12.25 μg/mL and thus poses suitability to be a lead molecule for further drug discovery.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunkumar B
- Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Annette Fernandez
- Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Shiny P Laila
- Department of Chemistry, University College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Achuthsankar S Nair
- Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - V S Vishnu
- Department of Chemistry, Government Arts College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Ali N, Mansha A, Asim S, Ali HS, Usman M. Insight into the Molecular Characterization and Spectral Properties of 2-Methoxy-1,4-Naphthoquinone: A Computational Approach. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476620020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Feng Y, Liu Y, Fu Q, Zou Z, Shen J, Cui X. Construction of diaminobenzoquinone imines via ferrocene-initiated radical reaction of benzoquinone with amines. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Kim S, Matsubara R, Hayashi M. Activated Carbon-Promoted Dehydrogenation of Hydroquinones to Benzoquinones, Naphthoquinones, and Anthraquinones under Molecular Oxygen Atmosphere. J Org Chem 2019; 84:2997-3003. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanghun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Matsubara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiko Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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Ko JH, Lee SG, Yang WM, Um JY, Sethi G, Mishra S, Shanmugam MK, Ahn KS. The Application of Embelin for Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Molecules 2018. [PMID: 29522451 PMCID: PMC6017120 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Embelin is a naturally-occurring benzoquinone compound that has been shown to possess many biological properties relevant to human cancer prevention and treatment, and increasing evidence indicates that embelin may modulate various characteristic hallmarks of tumor cells. This review summarizes the information related to the various oncogenic pathways that mediate embelin-induced cell death in multiple cancer cells. The mechanisms of the action of embelin are numerous, and most of them induce apoptotic cell death that may be intrinsic or extrinsic, and modulate the NF-κB, p53, PI3K/AKT, and STAT3 signaling pathways. Embelin also induces autophagy in cancer cells; however, these autophagic cell-death mechanisms of embelin have been less reported than the apoptotic ones. Recently, several autophagy-inducing agents have been used in the treatment of different human cancers, although they require further exploration before being transferred from the bench to the clinic. Therefore, embelin could be used as a potential agent for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hyeon Ko
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Seok-Geun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Woong Mo Yang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jae-Young Um
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Srishti Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Muthu K Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
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George BP, Abrahamse H, Hemmaragala NM. Anticancer effects elicited by combination of Rubus extract with phthalocyanine photosensitiser on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 19:266-273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Atlabachew M, Mehari B, Combrinck S, McCrindle R. Single-step isolation of embelin using high-performance countercurrent chromatography and determination of the fatty acid composition of seeds ofEmbelia schimperi. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bewketu Mehari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tshwane University of Technology; Pretoria South Africa
- Department of Chemistry; University of Gondar; Ethiopia
| | - Sandra Combrinck
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tshwane University of Technology; Pretoria South Africa
- SAMRC Herbal Drugs Research Unit; Tshwane University of Technology; Pretoria South Africa
| | - Robert McCrindle
- Department of Chemistry; Tshwane University of Technology; Pretoria South Africa
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Jardim GAM, Bower JF, da Silva Júnior EN. Rh-Catalyzed Reactions of 1,4-Benzoquinones with Electrophiles: C-H Iodination, Bromination, and Phenylselenation. Org Lett 2016; 18:4454-7. [PMID: 27599589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Under Rh-catalyzed conditions, typically electrophilic 1,4-benzoquinones exhibit nucleophilic reactivity, such that exposure to appropriate electrophiles generates products of C-H iodination, bromination, and phenylselenation. This provides a mild and general method for direct halofunctionalization, and the first method that can achieve direct C-H phenylselenation of this compound class. The scope and limitations of the new protocols are outlined, and representative derivatizations are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme A M Jardim
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.,School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - John F Bower
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Eufrânio N da Silva Júnior
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
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Rajendran M. Quinones as photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy: ROS generation, mechanism and detection methods. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 13:175-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.07.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Lu H, Wang J, Wang Y, Qiao L, Zhou Y. Embelin and Its Role in Chronic Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 928:397-418. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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A Review of Biotechnological Approaches to Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Medicinal Lianas in India. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND BIODIVERSITY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-14592-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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