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Sun J, Li A, Jiao S, Liu C, Zhang Z, Chen H, Liang Y, Gao X, Cao L, Bai C, Chai X. Dimeric eremophilane-type sesquiterpenoids from the peeled stems of Syringa pinnatifolia. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 221:114048. [PMID: 38447597 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
A continued phytochemical investigation guided by 1H NMR and LC-MS data on the ethanol extract from the peeled stems of Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl. led to the isolation of 16 undescribed dimeric eremophilane sesquiterpenoids, namely syringenes R-Z (1-9) and A1-G1 (10-16). These structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data, including HRESIMS, NMR, quantum-mechanics-based computational analysis of NMR chemical shifts, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, and a concise rule for determination of relative configuration of angular methyl was proposed. The results of the cardioprotective assay demonstrated that 3 exhibits a protective effect against hypoxia-induced injuries in H9c2 cells. This effect was observed at a concentration of 10 μM, with a protective rate of 28.43 ± 11.80%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Sun
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, PR China
| | - Anni Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Shungang Jiao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Changxin Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Zefeng Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Hongying Chen
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Yana Liang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Lan Cao
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, PR China
| | - Changcai Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, PR China.
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
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Liu C, Ma X, Jiao S, Xu J, Chen H, Wuken S, Liang Y, Gao X, Chen S, Chai X. Equivalent evaluation and biological ingredients of Syringa pinnatifolia against acute myocardial ischemia in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116904. [PMID: 37453624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The peeled roots, stems, and twigs of Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl., known as Shan-Chen-Xiang (SCX) in Chinese, has the traditional effects such as anti-Khii, clearing heat and relieving pain. It has been clinically applied for the treatment of heart failure and mental abnormalities, and gradually replaced agarwood in Mongolian medicine. AIM OF STUDY The present study aims to evaluate whether the key subfraction C (C), a half composition in mass of total ethanol extract (T) of SCX, exerts an equivalent effect against acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) compared to fraction I (I), and what was the potential pharmacologically active constituents of SCX. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cardiac function, serum marker enzymes, and myocardial tissue pathology of infarcted mice with ligation of the anterior descending (LAD) branch of the left coronary artery were used to evaluate the anti-AMI effect of C and its equivalent potency to that of I. LCMS-IT-TOF was used to identify the main constituents in C and C-. The new and known compounds were isolated from C by a combination of mass spectrometry and bioactivity-guided fractionation methods, and structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic and chemical methods, including calculated 13C NMR data, calculated electronic circular dichroism, and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The protective effect of isolates against oxidative injury induced by H2O2 in H9c2 cells was evaluated according to a previously reported protocol. RESULTS The results of cardiac function, serum marker enzymes and myocardial tissue pathology observations (fosinopril as a positive drug) suggested that C (40 mg/kg, orally administered once a day for 7 days) possessed the anti-AMI effect and was equivalent to that of I, while C- did not show the positive effect. Then, 32 lignans were isolated from C, including the majors (8R,8'R,9S)-4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3',9-trimethoxy-9,9'-epoxylignan (24) and (8R,8'R,9R)-4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3',9-trimethoxy-9,9'-epoxylignan (25), which were confirmed by HPLC and LC-MS characterization. Among them, 15 ones were previously undescribed, including a pair of enantiomers (6a/6b), and 11 ones (1, 2, 6a/6b, 8, 10, 12, 16, 17, 24, and 25) exhibited protective effect against oxidative injury to H9c2 cells at different concentrations (ranged from 0.156 to 80 μM). CONCLUSION C (40 mg/kg) exerts cardioprotective effect in mice, which was equivalent to that of I and T. Lignans, including both representative compounds (24, 25) and other undescribed molecules with low content, significantly contribute to the anti-AMI effect of SCX. However, the anti-AMI property assessment of SCX should not exclude the contribution from the representative sesquiterpenoid ZER. Hence, the exploration of the final potential substances in SCX requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxin Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR,. China.
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR,. China.
| | - Shungang Jiao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR,. China.
| | - Jixuan Xu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR,. China.
| | - Hongying Chen
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR,. China.
| | - Shana Wuken
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR,. China.
| | - Yana Liang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR,. China.
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR,. China.
| | - Suyile Chen
- Alashan Mongolian Hospital, East Banner of Alashan, Inner Mongolia, 750306, PR China.
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR,. China.
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3
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Ge F, Gao X, Zhou X, Li J, Ma X, Huang M, Wuken S, Tu P, An C, Chai X. The alkaloids of Corydalis hendersonii Hemsl. contribute to the cardioprotective effect against ischemic injury in mice by attenuating cardiomyocyte apoptosis via p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Chin Med 2023; 18:29. [PMID: 36932448 PMCID: PMC10021936 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a characteristic Tibetan folk medicine in China named Corydalis hendersonii Hemsl. (CH) has been used for treatment of cardiovascular related diseases, called "plethora" in Tibetan medicine. Previous studies demonstrated that ethanol extract of CH showed anti-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) effect through inhibiting fibrosis and inflammation. Rich alkaloids fraction (RAF) is isolated from CH, but whether RAF possessing an equivalent effect with the CH ethanol extract and by which mechanism it protects against AMI has not yet reported. The paper aimed to study the potential role of RAF on myocardial injured mice and its underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-ion trap-time of flight (LCMS-IT-TOF) was used to analyze the chemical profile and isolate pure compounds. The ligation of left anterior descending (LAD) of coronary artery in mice was used to evaluate the in vivo anti-AMI effect, by dividing into eight groups: Sham, Model, Fosinopril (10 mg/kg, i.g.), total extract (TE, 400 mg/kg, i.g.), poor alkaloids fraction (PAF, 300 mg/kg, i.g.), and RAF (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, respectively, i.g.) groups. Echocardiography was used to evaluate mice heart function through the index of left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVEDs), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd), fractional shortening (FS) and ejection fraction (EF). We detected the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) in the serum and the plasma level of angiotensin II (AngII). The apoptosis of mice myocardial tissue was verified by TUNEL assay. The expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK), Bcl-2 and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) were detected through immunofluorescence staining, qRT-PCR and western blot in mice heart tissue and H9c2 cells. RESULTS Echocardiography data indicated that the values of LVEDd and LVEDs were reduced and the values of FS and EF were improved by TE and RAF significantly. RAF also decreased the levels of LDH, CK-MB and AngII and significantly inhibited inflammatory cells in the marginal zone of myocardial infarction. The TUNEL assay results showed that RAF significantly attenuated cell apoptosis. Immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR assay showed that RAF inhibited p38 MAPK, Bax, and Bcl-2 proteins in mice myocardium. Western blot results validated that the expressions of key proteins were inhibited by RAF. Also, the apoptotic cells and apoptosis-related proteins were dramatically reduced by RAF in vivo and in vitro. Besides, RAF and PAF were analyzed by LCMS-IT-TOF to identify the main compounds and to demonstrate the difference between them. The results showed that a total of 14 alkaloids were identified, which indicated that the isoquinoline alkaloids were the main ingredients in RAF may contributing to the cardioprotective effect in mice. CONCLUSIONS RAF improves cardiac function by inhibiting apoptosis via p38 MAPK signaling pathway, and RAF contributes to the effect against myocardial ischemic injury of TE in mice, which provides a substantial reference for the clinical application against ischemia heart disease and quality control of CH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxing Ge
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochun Zhou
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiwen Huang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Sana Wuken
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao An
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China.
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Wei M, Li F, Guo K, Yang T. Exploring the Active Compounds of Traditional Mongolian Medicine Baolier Capsule (BLEC) in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Based on Network Pharmacology Analysis, Molecular Docking and Experimental Validation. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:459-476. [PMID: 36819991 PMCID: PMC9938670 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s395207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Baolier Capsule (BLEC) is a Traditional Mongolian Medicine comprising fifteen herbs. This study aims to illustrate the synergistic mechanism of BLEC in the treatment of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) by using network pharmacology method, molecular docking and experimental validation. Methods Searching and screening the active ingredients of different herbs in BLEC and target genes related to CAD in multiple databases. Subsequently, Protein-Protein Interactions Network (PPI-Net), gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment were used to identify the key targets. AutoDock was used to verify the binding ability between the active ingredient and key target through molecular docking. Reverse Transcription-Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to verify the effect of active ingredient of BLEC on the key target gene. Finally, effect of BLEC on the degree of blood lipids and atherosclerosis was validated by animal experiment. Results There are 144 active components and 80 CAD-related targets that are identified in BLEC in the treatment of CAD. What is more, 8 core genes were obtained by clustering and topological analysis of PPI-Net. Further, GO and KEGG analysis showed that fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis are the key pathways for BLEC to treat CAD. These results were validated by molecular docking method. In vitro, active compounds of BLEC (Quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, naringenin, tanshinone IIA, β-carotene, 7-O-methylisomucronulatol, piperine, isorhamnetin and Xyloidone) can inhibit 8 core gene (AKT1, EGFR, FOS, MAPK1, MAPK14, STAT3, TP53 and VEGFA) expression. Moreover, BLEC not only improve blood lipid levels but also inhibit the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE-knockout mice. Conclusion Our research first revealed the basic pharmacological effects and related mechanisms of in the treatment of CAD. The predicted results provide some theoretical support for BLEC or its important active ingredients to treat CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqiu Wei
- Intensive Care Unit, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, 528400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengjin Li
- Department of Gynecology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 36400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510000, People’s Republic of China,Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Kai Guo; Tianxiao Yang, Email ;
| | - Tianxiao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, 255000, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Jiao S, Gao X, Li J, Zhang R, Wuken S, Liu C, Chen S, Tu P, Huang L, Chai X. Diverse lignans with protective effect against hypoxia/oxidative injuries to H9c2 cells from Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 206:113540. [PMID: 36464101 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A bioactivity-guided fractionation on the phenolic fractions from the peeled stems of Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl., one of representative Mongolian folk medicine in China, led to the isolation and structural determination of 11 undescribed lignans and 12 known ones. These lignans cover diverse types, among them syringanones A and B represent an unprecedented carbon skeleton (proposed syringanane) and alashanenol A possesses a rare bicyclo [3.3.1]nonadienemethanol core. Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic data analysis, X-ray diffraction, and quantum chemical calculations. All isolates were evaluated for their cardioprotective activities on H9c2 cardiomyocytes in vitro. The results showed that five lignans exhibited the protective effects against hypoxia-induced injury at the concentrations of 1.2-40 μM and six lignans exhibited anti-oxidative stress injury at 10-40 μM. These findings account to some extend for the traditional therapeutic effects of S. pinnatifolia for the treatment of ischemic heart diseases in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shungang Jiao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Junjun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Ruifei Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Shana Wuken
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Changxin Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Suyile Chen
- Alashan Mongolian Hospital, East Banner of Alashan, Inner Mongolia 750306, PR China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China.
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China.
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Wuken S, Li J, Gao X, Jiao S, Ma X, Chen S, Tu P, Huang L, Chai X. Zerumbone, a major sesquiterpene from Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl., exerts the sedative effect by regulating GABAergic nervous system. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115813. [PMID: 36220513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zerumbone (ZER) is a humulane sesquiterpenoid isolated from Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl. (SP), its content accounts for 64.7% of volatile oil and 0.86% of total ethanol extract (TEE), representing one of characteristic ingredient of SP. As a representative Mongolian medicine with anti-"Khii", anti-asthma, and clearing-heat effects, SP has been used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, upset, insomnia, and other symptoms. AIM OF STUDY Previous results showed that TEE has sedative effect, but the pharmacological substances and its sedative mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to determine whether ZER, as one of major and characteristic sesquiterpenoids of SP, contributes to the sedative effect of SP and its underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Locomotor activity and threshold dose of pentobarbital sodium sleep experiments were used to evaluate the sedative effects in mice. ELISA assay was used to examine the level of GABA/Glu ratio in rats hippocampus, cortex and hypothalamus tissue. The binding ability of ZER with glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67) and Gephyrin protein were predicted by molecular docking. Western blot and Immunohistochemistry assay were used to determine the expression of GABAergic nerve system related proteins (GAD67, Gephyrin) in rat's hypothalamus. ZER was co-administrated with flumazenil and bicuculline (GABAA antagonist) to determine whether it acts on GABAA receptor. Furthermore, MQAE assay was used to test the effect of ZER on the chloride ion concentration in cerebellar granule cells. RESULTS Current data demonstrated that ZER dose-dependently (5-20 mg/kg) reduces the locomotor activity and sleep latency of mice, and extend sleeping time of mice. The results of ELISA showed that ZER increases the level of GABA/Glu in rats brain tissue, in particular in hypothalamus. Molecular docking results revealed that ZER has a strong affinity to GAD67 and Gephyrin protein. The Western blot and Immunohistochemistry data indicated that ZER up-regulates the expression of GAD67 and Gephyrin protein in rat's hypothalamus. Antagonism test results demonstrated that flumazenil and bicuculline reverse the effect of ZER on threshold dose of pentobarbital sodium sleep experiments. In addition, ZER also could dose-dependently (5-20 μM) increase the chloride ion concentration in cerebellar granule cell, suggesting that ZER induces the opening of chloride channel, exerts central inhibitory effect. CONCLUSION ZER has a significant sedative effect in mice and rat, and the effect is associated with GABAergic nervous system. The present results suggest that ZER, as one of the major bioactive ingredients of SP, contributes to the sedative effect and provide substantial evidence for its traditional use of anti-"Khii" in clinic of Syringa pinnatifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana Wuken
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Junjun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Shungang Jiao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Suyile Chen
- Alashan Mongolian Hospital, East Banner of Alashan, Inner Mongolia, 750306, PR China.
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China.
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
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Liu C, Chen P, Jiao S, Chen H, Xu J, Gao X, Chai X. (+)/(−)-Alexanoid A, a pair of enantiomeric sesquiterpenoid with a novel 5/6/6 tricyclic backbone from the stem of Syringa pinnatifolia. Tetrahedron Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2023.154372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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8
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Xu J, Tai B, Jiao S, Wuken S, Chen H, Chen P, Zhang Z, Gao X, Chai X. The Ethanol Extract of Syringa oblata Heartwood, a Mongolian Folk Medicine Containing Major Lignans, Exerts Analgesic and Sedative Effects on Mice. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200984. [PMID: 36437232 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The heartwood of Syringa oblata Lindl. (SO) is one of Mongolian folk medicines to treat insomnia and pain, while its pharmacological evaluation and underlying mechanism remain unclear. In this study, the sedative effect of ethanol extract of SO (ESO) was evaluated with the locomotor activity test and the threshold dose of pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep test in mice, and the hot plate test, acetic acid-induced writhing test, and formalin test in mice were used to evaluate its analgesic effect. The underlying mechanism of ESO analgesia was explored by RT-PCR and western blot analysis, which is associated with the regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Besides, the main constituents of ESO were characterized by LC/MS data analysis and comparison with isolated pure compounds. The current findings brought evidence for clinical application and further pharmacological and phytochemical studies on SO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixuan Xu
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Badalahu Tai
- School of Mongolian Materia Medica, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, P. R. China
| | - Shungang Jiao
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Shana Wuken
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Hongying Chen
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Panlong Chen
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Zefeng Zhang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
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Li A, Ma X, Zhang R, Jiao S, Li W, Gao X, Xu J, Tu P, Chai X. Syringenes M - Q, Eremophilane Sesquiterpenoid Dimers from the Peeled Stems of Syringa pinnatifolia. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200245. [PMID: 35652443 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
As a part of systematic studies on Syringa pinnatifolia, a continued phytochemical investigation guided by 1 H-NMR and LC/MS data on the ethanol extract afforded five new dimeric eremophilane sesquiterpenoids, namely syringenes M-Q (1-5). These structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data, including infrared (IR), high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), quantum-mechanics-based computational analysis of NMR chemical shifts, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compounds 4 and 5 showed inhibitory activities against NO production induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 macrophage cells, with IC50 values of 5.1 and 9.3 μM, compared to positive control indomethacin (IC50 33.6 μM). These dimeric eremophilane sesquiterpenoids may be potential markers for discriminating this species from the genus Syringa and the Oleaceae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Li
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Ruifei Zhang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Shungang Jiao
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Li
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Jixuan Xu
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
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10
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Li J, Ge F, Wuken S, Jiao S, Chen P, Huang M, Gao X, Liu J, Tu P, Chai X, Huang L. Zerumbone, a humulane sesquiterpene from Syringa pinnatifolia, attenuates cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway after myocardial infarction in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154078. [PMID: 35405613 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zerumbone (ZER) is a humulane sesquiterpene isolated from Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl., a representative Mongolian herbal medicine that is used to treat cardiovascular diseases. Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathological process in cardiovascular disease that results from the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), and the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smad pathway is a canonical signaling pathway that directly induces expressions of ECM-related genes. Currently, the cardioprotective effect and underlying mechanisms of ZER on the inhibition of cardiac fibrosis are not well known. PURPOSE To explore the cardioprotective properties and pharmacological mechanism of ZER against cardiac fibrosis via the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. METHODS Myocardial infarction (MI) model was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in ICR mice. The mice were randomly divided into six groups: sham, model, low-dose ZER (ZER-L), medium-dose ZER (ZER-M), high-dose ZER (ZER-H) and fosinopril. Mice in each group were intragastrically administered treatments for 21 days, and cardiac function was evaluated by 2D echocardiography. The pathological structure of the heart was examined by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson staining. Content of collagen I and collagen III were assessed by immunofluorescence methods. The inhibitory effect of ZER on TGF-β1 protein expression was predicted by molecular docking technology. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting were used to measure the levels of genes and proteins expressed in the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway and MMPs. TGF-β1-treated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) of neonatal SD rats were adopted for in vitro studies. RESULTS Cardiac ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) in the model group were markedly decreased compared with those in the sham group, indicating that the MI model was successfully established. ZER and fosinopril elevated EF and FS values, suggesting cardioprotective effects. Pathological staining and immunofluorescence analysis showed that the content of collagen I and collagen III increased in the cardiac tissue of mice in model group, while ZER treatment obviously reduced collagen levels. The molecular docking simulations predicted the hydrophobic interactions between ZER and TGF-β1. In addition, the expression of TGF-β1, p-Smad2/3 and MMPs in the ZER treatment group was significantly decreased compared with the model group. In vitro studies further confirmed that α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and p-Smad2/3 increased markedly in cardiac fibroblasts after incubation with TGF-β1, and treatment with ZER suppressed the expression of α-SMA and TGF-β1 downstream proteins in cardiac fibroblasts. CONCLUSION ZER rescues cardiac function by attenuating cardiac fibrosis, and the antifibrotic effect may be mediated by blocking the TGF-β1/Smad pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fuxing Ge
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shana Wuken
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shungang Jiao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Panlong Chen
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meiwen Huang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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11
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Su G, Jiao S, Zhang R, Xu J, Liu C, Liu J, Tu P, Huang L, Chai X. A pair of enantiomeric dimers with an unprecedented skeleton from stem barks of Syringa pinnatifolia. Fitoterapia 2022; 158:105173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Yu C, Cai X, Liu X, Liu J, Zhu N. Betulin Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats via Regulating the Siti1/NLRP3/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Inflammation 2021; 44:1096-1107. [PMID: 33392937 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01405-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To study the effects of betulin (BE) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats, electrocardiogram (ECG) was detected by an electrocardiograph; myocardial infarction was evaluated by triphenyltetrazolium (TTC) staining, serum biochemical indicators myocardial enzymes creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA); and inflammatory cytokines were tested by using commercial kits. The expression of the Siti1/NLRP3/NF-κB signaling pathway was detected by western blotting and immunohistochemistry experiments. BE improved ECG; reduced myocardial infarction area; decreased CK, LDH, AST, MDA, NO, and inflammatory cytokines; and increased SOD and GSH in I/R rats. In addition, BE also increased Siti1 and decreased the NLRP3/NF-κB signaling pathway in I/R rats. This study shows that the protection of BE is associated with changes in the Siti1/NLRP3/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Xixi Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Jianlong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China.
| | - Na Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
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13
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Jiao S, Su G, Zhou X, Ge F, Liu C, Zhang R, Peng B, Chen S, Huang L, Tu P, Chai X. Three Pairs of Enantiomeric Sesquiterpenoids from Syringa pinnatifolia. J Org Chem 2021; 86:7263-7270. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shungang Jiao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Guozhu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochun Zhou
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Fuxing Ge
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Changxin Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Ruifei Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Bing Peng
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinic and Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Psoriasis (BZ0375), Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, P. R. China
| | - Suyile Chen
- Alashan Mongolian Hospital, East Banner of Alashan, Inner Mongolia 750306, P. R. China
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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14
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Huang M, Jiao S, Ge F, Shana W, Li A, Zhou X, Liu C, Tu P, Chai X. (+/-)-Alashanoid N, Two Enantiomeric Sesquiterpenes from Syringa pinnatifolia. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2001065. [PMID: 33576170 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202001065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Two enantiomeric humulane sesquiterpenes, namely (+)-alashanoid N (1a) and (-)-alashanoid N (1b), along with two known analogs ((2R,3R,5R)-2,3-epoxy-6,9-humuladien-5-ol-8-one (2) and (2R,3S,5R)-2,3-epoxy-6,9-humuladien-5-ol-8-one (3)), were described from the peeled stems of a folk Mongolian herbal medicine Syringa pinnatifolia. Their structures were characterized based on UV, IR, NMR, and HR-ESI-MS data analyses, and the absolute configurations were determined by data analysis of X-ray diffraction and quantum chemical calculations. (+/-)-Alashanoid N showed inhibition against NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells with IC50 values of 90.1 μM and 71.7 μM, and protective effect against oxygen-glucose deprivation injury to H9c2 cells at a concentration of 20 μM and 5 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiwen Huang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shungang Jiao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Fuxing Ge
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Wuken Shana
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Anni Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochun Zhou
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Changxin Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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15
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Mo G, He Y, Zhang X, Lei X, Luo Q. Diosmetin exerts cardioprotective effect on myocardial ischaemia injury in neonatal rats by decreasing oxidative stress and myocardial apoptosis. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1713-1722. [PMID: 32219867 PMCID: PMC7540525 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial injury caused by the myocardial ischaemia (MI) is still a troublesome condition in the clinic, including apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation. Diosmetin inhibits the cellular apoptosis and inflammatory response and enhances antioxidant activity. So, this study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of diosmetin on MI model neonatal rats. Forty Sprague Dawley (SD) rats 7 days old were randomly divided into five groups. Four groups of rats received diosmetin (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) or vehicle (MI group) after ischaemia. Another group received vehicle without ischaemia to serve as a control group. Rats were pretreated with diosmetin intraperitoneally for 7 days and intoxicated with isoproterenol (ISO, 85 mg/kg, sc) on the last 2 days. The expression of apoptotic molecules, myocardial systolic function index, antioxidant enzymes and myocardial enzyme was analyzed. Compared with the control group, the proliferation marker proteins of Ki67 were increased significantly (P < .05), the MI group significantly increased the cardiac apoptosis, oxidative stress and myocardial enzymes, and weakened myocardial contractility. The levels of p-P65/P65 were increased significantly (P < .05) with decreased p-AKT/AKT and p-Nrf2/Nrf2 (P < .05). Nevertheless, pretreatment with diosmetin reversed these changes, especially high-dose group. In summary, diosmetin has significant potential as a therapeutic intervention to ameliorate myocardial injury after MI and provides the rationale for further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- GuoLiang Mo
- Department of PediatricAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongChina
| | - Yong He
- Department of PediatricAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongChina
| | - XiaoQian Zhang
- The First Social Welfare introduction in Nan ChongNanchongChina
| | - Xia Lei
- Nobier Biotechnology Co.LtdChengduChina
| | - Qi Luo
- Department of PediatricAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongChina
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16
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Pandit K, Kaur S, Kumar A, Bhardwaj R, Kaur S. trans-Anethole Abrogates Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis through the Mitochondrial-Mediated Pathway in Human Osteosarcoma Cells. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1727-1745. [PMID: 32781844 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1803927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
trans-Anethole, the major bioactive component of Illicium verum Hook. commonly known as star anise exhibits various pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, insecticidal, and antitumor. Osteosarcoma is an extremely aggressive malignant bone tumor that affects children and young adults and accounts for around 60% of all sarcomas. The study was planned to evaluate the potential of trans-Anethole against Human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63. The antiproliferative activity of trans-Anethole was assessed by MTT assay. trans-Anethole exhibited apoptotic cell death as monitored by confocal/electron microscopy and flow cytometry studies. Modulation of gene expression was studied by Western blot and RT-PCR analysis. The present study revealed that trans-Anethole inhibited osteosarcoma proliferation in a dose-dependent manner with a GI50 value of 60.25 µM and showed pro-apoptotic activity as analyzed by Annexin V-FITC/PI assay. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that trans-Anethole induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase with the generation of reactive oxygen species and reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Immunoblotting results showed the increased expression of caspase-9/-3, p53, and decreased expression of Bcl-xL suggesting the involvement of the p53 and mitochondrial intrinsic pathway. This work provides a rationale that trans-Anethole might be considered as a promising chemotherapeutic/nutraceutical agent for the management of osteosarcoma.Highlightstrans-Anethole inhibited cell growth and caused G0/G1 arrest in Human osteosarcoma MG-63 cell line.trans-Anethole led to the loss of mitochondrial membrane permeability along with ROS generation.trans-Anethole upregulates the expression of p53, Caspase-9/-3, and downregulate Bcl-xL expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritika Pandit
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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17
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Sun J, Chen L, Jiang P, Duan B, Wang R, Xu J, Liu W, Xu Y, Xie Z, Feng F, Qu W. Phenylethanoid glycosides of Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun exert cardioprotective effect by weakening Na +-K +-ATPase/Src/ERK1/2 pathway and inhibiting apoptosis mediated by oxidative stress and inflammation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 258:112881. [PMID: 32311484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun (C. kwangtungensis) is a very famous herbal medicine with the function of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis which is beneficial for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Phenylethanoid glycosides (PGs) are the major class of active ingredients in C. kwangtungensis and present significant anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory property related to apoptosis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of total phenylethanoid glycosides of C. kwangtungensis (CK-PGs) on isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial ischemic injury (MI) and the mechanisms related to the apoptosis mediated by oxidative damage and inflammation. METHODS The myocardial ischemia animal model was established as subcutaneous injecting ISO. Echocardiography and biomarkers were employed to determine the degree of myocardial damage. Histopathological changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin test. The TUNEL staining and activity of caspase-3 were measured to detect the level of apoptosis which is medicated by the oxidative damage detected by the level of MDA, GSH and ROS tested with the kit and the inflammation reflected by TNF-α. The activity of Na+-K+-ATPase (NKA) was detected by the commercial kits, whose expression was measured by immunohistochemistry analysis. At last, Western blot analysis was used to measure Na+-K+-ATPase/Src/ERK1/2 and Bax/Bcl-2 pathway. RESULTS CK-PGs showed cardioprotective effect against ISO-induced myocardial ischemic injury evidenced by improving heart function and lowering myocardial injury markers. CK-PGs could inhibit the level of apoptosis as shown by the decrease of the TUNEL-positive cells, the activity of caspase-3 and increase of the expression of Bax. CK-PGs also reduced oxidative stress and inflammation to suppress apoptosis by decreasing the level of ROS, MDA, and increasing GSH activity and lowering the level of TNF-α. In addition, CK-PGs exerted the protection by increasing the activity and the expression of NKA. Meanwhile, Na+-K+-ATPase/Src/ERK1/2pathway was weakened for the inhibition of apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS CK-PGs could protect cardiomyocytes from myocardial injury through suppressing Na+-K+-ATPase/Src/ERK1/2 pathway and inhibiting apoptosis mediated by oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine - Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Jiang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjing Duan
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Xu
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University, West Virginia, USA
| | - Zijian Xie
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University, West Virginia, USA
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Zhao F, Bai R, Li J, Feng X, Jiao S, Wuken S, Ge F, Zhang Q, Zhou X, Tu P, Chai X. Meconopsis horridula Hook. f. & Thomson extract and its alkaloid oleracein E exert cardioprotective effects against acute myocardial ischaemic injury in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 258:112893. [PMID: 32387233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Meconopsis horridula Hook. f. & Thomson (MH) is a traditional Tibetan medicine used to promote blood circulation, remove bruises, remove stasis and relieve chest pain which benefit to cardiovascular diseases. Oleracein E (OE), a major tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid, can be isolated from MH ethanol extract. The antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects of OE have been reported by previous pharmacological research. The objective of this article was to investigate the cardioprotective effects of MH extract and OE in an ICR mouse of acute myocardial ischaemic injury. A left anterior descending (LAD) artery ligation mouse model of AMI was established. In vivo, cardiac function after MH and OE treatment was determined through measurement of EF, FS, LVEDd, and LVEDs by echocardiography. The levels of SOD, MDA, CK-MB and LDH in serum were also detected. A TUNEL assay was used to verify apoptosis. Changes in collagen deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration in ischemic myocardial tissue were observed by histopathological examination. In vitro, H9c2 cells were pre-treated with OE for 6 h, and then cultured in serum-free medium with H2O2 for 2 h. CCK8 assay measured cell viability, and flow cytometry determined apoptosis levels and ROS content. The mechanism was explored by western blotting. These results showed that MH and OE significantly affected acute myocardial ischaemia by improving cardiac function and that OE downregulated the expression of related proteins in the MAPK signalling pathway. These findings provide substantial evidence of MH may applicate in clinic, and indicate that such medicines have potential value for the treatment of ischaemia-induced heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ruifeng Bai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Junjun Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shungang Jiao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shana Wuken
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fuxing Ge
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xingyun Chai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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19
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Zhou Q, Song J, Wang Y, Lin T. Remifentanil attenuates cardiac dysfunction, lipid peroxidation and immune disorder in rats with isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury via JNK/NF-KB p65 inhibition. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:551. [PMID: 32411774 PMCID: PMC7214888 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-3134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Myocardial injury caused by myocardial ischemia (MI) is still a severe condition that can result in apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Remifentanil is a selective, ultra-short-acting, µ-opioid receptor agonist opioid. It can improve sinusoidal heart rate patterns in the fetus, for bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity, and with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiomyocytes injuries. This study aimed to explore the cardioprotective effects of remifentanil in MI model rats. Methods Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were split into five groups at random, including a control group, Isop group, low-dose remifentanil treatment group (10 µg/kg), medium-dose remifentanil treatment group (20 µg/kg), and a high-dose remifentanil treatment group (40 µg/kg). The MI model was achieved by subcutaneously injecting rats with isoproterenol (85 mg/kg) for two consecutive days. With the expression of apoptotic molecules, myocardial systolic function index, inflammation, antioxidant enzymes, and the myocardial enzyme taken into account, the data was analyzed. Results After treatment with remifentanil, the left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), fraction shortening (FS), and heart rate (HR) were significantly increased in comparison with the Isop group. Creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), Mb, and cTnl expressions were decreased. Meanwhile, the levels of cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9 were decreased. Remarkably, the levels of reactive oxidative species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were observed to be repressed, while the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly increased. More importantly, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and interferon (IFN)-γ were decreased. Conclusions Remifentanil has significant potential as a therapeutic intervention strategy for ameliorating myocardial injury after MI and these findings provide the rationale for further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Junmei Song
- Department of Cardiac Function, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
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Peng B, Zhang RF, Du BZ, Jiao SG, Zhou XC, Gao XL, Chen SYL, Tu PF, Chai XY. Alashanoids K-M, bioactive eremophilane sesquiterpenoids from Syringa pinnatifolia. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2019; 21:1161-1169. [PMID: 31760800 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2019.1694516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Three new eremophilane-type sesquiterpenoids, alashanoids K-M (1-3), and one known analogue (4) were isolated from the peeled stems of Syringa pinnatifolia. All the compounds were isolated from the genus Syringa for the first time. Structures of these compounds were established using 1D and 2D NMR and MS data. The absolute configurations were determined by experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism analysis, a modification of Mosher's method, and X-ray diffraction. Compounds 2 and 3 inhibited NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells with IC50 values of 14.23 and 12.20 μM, respectively, and showed cytotoxic activities against HepG2 cells with the IC50 values of 34.41 and 40.86 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Peng
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinic and Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on psoriasis (BZ0375), Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Rui-Fei Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bing-Zhao Du
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Department of Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Shun-Gang Jiao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiao-Li Gao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Su-Yi-Le Chen
- Alashan East Banner of Alashan, Alashan Mongolian Hospital, Inner Mongolia 750306, China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xing-Yun Chai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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