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Yang G, Yang L, Xu F. Isoalantolactone: a review on its pharmacological effects. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1453205. [PMID: 39376605 PMCID: PMC11456459 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1453205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Isoalantolactone (ISA) is a sesquiterpene lactone that could be isolated from Inula helenium as well as many other herbal plants belonging to Asteraceae. Over the past 2 decades, lots of researches have been made on ISA, which owns multiple pharmacological effects, such as antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antidepressant-like activity, as well as others. The anticancer effects of ISA involve proliferation inhibition, ROS overproduction, apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest. Through inhibiting NF-κB signaling, ISA exerts its anti-inflammatory effects which are involved in the neuroprotection of ISA. This review hackled the reported pharmacological effects of ISA and associated mechanisms, providing an update on understanding its potential in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Longfei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Hosseini A, Sheibani M, Valipour M. Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of BBB-Penetrating Phytochemicals With p38 MAPK Modulatory Activity in Addressing Oxidative Stress-Induced Neurodegenerative Disorders, With a Focus on Alzheimer's Disease. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 39300812 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies indicate a strong connection between oxidative stress, inappropriate activation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway, and the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Although antioxidant therapy is a valid strategy to alleviate these problems, the most important limitation of this approach is the ineffectiveness of drug administration due to the limited permeability of the BBB. Therefore, BBB-penetrating p38 MAPK modulators with proper antioxidant capacity could be useful in preventing/reducing the complications of neurodegenerative disorders. The current manuscript aims to review the therapeutic capabilities of some recently reviewed naturally occurring p38 MAPK inhibitors in the management of neurodegenerative problems such as Alzheimer's disease. In data collection, we tried to use more recent studies published in high-quality journals indexed in databases Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and so on, but no specific time frame was considered due to the nature of the study. Our evaluations indicate that natural compounds tanshinones, protoberberines, pinocembrin, osthole, rhynchophylline, oxymatrine, schisandrin, piperine, paeonol, ferulic acid, 6-gingerol, obovatol, and trolox have significant potential for use as supplements/adjuvants in the reduction of neurodegenerative-related problems. Our findings emphasize the usefulness of BBB-penetrating phytochemicals with p38 MAPK modulatory activity as potential therapeutic options against neurodegenerative disorders. Of course, the proper use of these compounds depends on considering their toxicity/safety profile and pharmacokinetic characteristics as well as the clinical conditions of users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asieh Hosseini
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sheibani
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Valipour
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chuang JMJ, Chen HL, Chang CI, Lin JS, Chang HM, Wu WJ, Lin MY, Chen WF, Lee CH. Nobiletin derivative, 5-acetoxy-6,7,8,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone, inhibits neuroinflammation through the inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/MAPK signaling pathways and STAT3 in microglia. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38800857 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2024.2360050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Microglia in the central nervous system regulate neuroinflammation that leads to a wide range of neuropathological alterations. The present study investigated the anti-neuroinflammatory properties of nobiletin (Nob) derivative, 5-acetoxy-6,7,8,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone (5-Ac-Nob), in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated BV2 microglia. MATERIALS AND METHODS By using the MTT assay, Griess method, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we determined the cell viability, the levels of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and pro-inflammatory factors (interleukin 1 beta; IL-1β, interleukin 6; IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha; TNF-α and prostaglandin E2; PGE2) in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) were measured by western blotting. Analysis of NO generation and mRNA of pro-inflammatory cytokines was confirmed in the zebrafish model. RESULTS 5-Ac-Nob reduced cell death, the levels of NO, ROS, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and pro-inflammatory factors in LPS-activated BV-2 microglial cells. TLR4-mediated MyD88/NF-κB and MAPK pathway (p38, ERK and JNK) after exposure to 5-Ac-Nob was also suppressed. Moreover, 5-Ac-Nob inhibited phosphorylated STAT3 proteins expression in LPS-induced BV-2 microglial cells. Furthermore, we confirmed that 5-Ac-Nob decreased LPS-induced NO generation and mRNA of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the zebrafish model. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that 5-Ac-Nob represses neuroinflammatory responses by inhibiting TLR4-mediated signaling pathway and STAT3. As a result of these findings, 5-Ac-Nob has potential as an anti-inflammatory agent against microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Ming-Jung Chuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Lin Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-I Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Research Centre for Active Natural Products Development, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Syuan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine; Division of Pharmacology and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Min Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine; Division of Pharmacology and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ju Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine; Division of Pharmacology and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ying Lin
- Community Health Promotion Center, Kaohsiung Municipal Ci-Jin Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsing Lee
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Research Centre for Active Natural Products Development, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine; Division of Pharmacology and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Lu C, Huang C, Qu S, Lin H, Zhong HJ, Chong CM. Oxyimperatorin attenuates LPS-induced microglial activation in vitro and in vivo via suppressing NF-κB p65 signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116379. [PMID: 38452656 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is an important pathological feature in many neurological diseases; thus, suppressing microglial activation is considered a possible therapeutic strategy for reducing neuronal damage. Oxyimperatorin (OIMP) is a member of furanocoumarin, isolated from the medicinal herb Glehnia littoralis. However, it is unknown whether OIMP can suppress the neuroinflammation. PURPOSE To investigate the neuroprotective activity of oxyimperatorin (OIMP) in LPS-induced neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo models. METHODS In vitro inflammation-related assays were performed with OIMP in LPS-induced BV-2 microglia. In addition, intraperitoneal injection of LPS-induced microglial activation in the mouse brain was used to validate the anti-neuroinflammatory activity of OIMP. RESULTS OIMP was found to suppress LPS-induced neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo. OIMP significantly attenuated LPS-induced the production of free radicals, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in BV-2 microglia without causing cytotoxicity. In addition, OIMP could reduce the M1 pro-inflammatory transition in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglia. The mechanistic study revealed that OIMP inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. However, OIMP did not affect LPS-induced IκB phosphorylation and degradation. In addition, OIMP also was able to reduce LPS-induced microglial activation in mice brain. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that OIMP suppresses microglia activation and attenuates the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines via inhibition of NF-κB p65 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macao Special Administrative Region of China, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macao Special Administrative Region of China, China
| | - Shuhui Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macao Special Administrative Region of China, China
| | - Huiyuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macao Special Administrative Region of China, China
| | - Hai-Jing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Cheong-Meng Chong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macao Special Administrative Region of China, China.
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Hao B, Yang Z, Liu H, Liu Y, Wang S. Advances in Flavonoid Research: Sources, Biological Activities, and Developmental Prospectives. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2884-2925. [PMID: 38666911 PMCID: PMC11049524 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
At present, the occurrence of a large number of infectious and non-communicable diseases poses a serious threat to human health as well as to drug development for the treatment of these diseases. One of the most significant challenges is finding new drug candidates that are therapeutically effective and have few or no side effects. In this respect, the active compounds in medicinal plants, especially flavonoids, are potentially useful compounds with a wide range of pharmacological activities. They are naturally present in nature and valuable in the treatment of many infectious and non-communicable diseases. Flavonoids are divided into fourteen categories and are mainly derived from plant extraction, chemical synthesis and structural modification, and biosynthesis. The structural modification of flavonoids is an important way to discover new drugs, but biosynthesis is currently considered the most promising research direction with the potential to revolutionize the new production pipeline in the synthesis of flavonoids. However, relevant problems such as metabolic pathway analyses and cell synthesis protocols for flavonoids need to be addressed on an urgent basis. In the present review, new research techniques for assessing the biological activities of flavonoids and the mechanisms of their biological activities are elucidated and their modes of interaction with other drugs are described. Moreover, novel drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticles, bioparticles, colloidals, etc., are gradually becoming new means of addressing the issues of poor hydrophilicity, lipophilicity, poor chemical stability, and low bioavailability of flavonoids. The present review summarizes the latest research progress on flavonoids, existing problems with their therapeutic efficacy, and how these issues can be solved with the research on flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (B.H.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (Y.L.)
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Li Z, Wu J, Zhao T, Wei Y, Xu Y, Liu Z, Li X, Chen X. Microglial activation in spaceflight and microgravity: potential risk of cognitive dysfunction and poor neural health. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1296205. [PMID: 38425432 PMCID: PMC10902453 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1296205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the increased crewed spaceflights in recent years, it is vital to understand how the space environment affects human health. A lack of gravitational force is known to risk multiple physiological functions of astronauts, particularly damage to the central nervous system (CNS). As innate immune cells of the CNS, microglia can transition from a quiescent state to a pathological state, releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines that contribute to neuroinflammation. There are reports indicating that microglia can be activated by simulating microgravity or exposure to galactic cosmic rays (GCR). Consequently, microglia may play a role in the development of neuroinflammation during spaceflight. Prolonged spaceflight sessions raise concerns about the chronic activation of microglia, which could give rise to various neurological disorders, posing concealed risks to the neural health of astronauts. This review summarizes the risks associated with neural health owing to microglial activation and explores the stressors that trigger microglial activation in the space environment. These stressors include GCR, microgravity, and exposure to isolation and stress. Of particular focus is the activation of microglia under microgravity conditions, along with the proposal of a potential mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Li
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhao
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyun Wei
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yajing Xu
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zongjian Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuechai Chen
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
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Shao S, Li R, Wang K, Xia W, Cui B, Li S. Ilexchinene, a new seco-ursane triterpenoid from the leaves of Ilex chinensis with therapeutic effect on neuroinflammation by attenuating the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 121:155110. [PMID: 37776618 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation is a vital factor participating in the whole pathogenetic process of diverse neurodegenerative disorders, but accessible clinical drugs are still insufficient due to their inefficacy and side effects. Triterpenoids are reported to possess potential anti-neuroinflammatory activities, and the leaves of Ilex chinensis are a commonly used herbal medicine containing many ursane-type and oleanane-type triterpenoids. However, the novel triterpenoids from I. chinensis and their underlying mechanisms are still elusive. PURPOSE To isolate novel seco-ursane triterpenoids with anti-neuroinflammatory effects from the leaves of I. chinensis and reveal their underlying mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The novel compound was purified by column chromatography and identified by comprehensive spectroscopic experiments. The LPS-induced BV-2 cell model and LPS-induced acute murine brain inflammation model were used to assess the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of the structure and further understand its underlying mechanisms by cell viability, ELISA, Western blot analysis, qRT‒PCR analysis, behavior analysis, H&E staining, and immunofluorescence staining experiments. RESULTS Ilexchinene is a novel ursane-type triterpenoid with a rare 18,19-seco-ring skeleton that was first isolated and identified from I. chinensis. Ilexchinene evidently reduced the overexpression of inflammatory substances in vitro. A mechanistic study suggested that ilexchinene could decrease NF-κB activation to prevent the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the early neuroinflammatory response; in addition, it could prevent the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK. In vivo, ilexchinene remarkably improved LPS-induced mouse behavioral deficits and diminished the number of overactivated microglial cells. Furthermore, ilexchinene evidently diminished the overexpression of inflammatory substances in mouse brains. A mechanistic study confirmed that ilexchinene markedly suppressed the MAPK/NF-κB pathway to relieve the neuroinflammatory response. CONCLUSION We identified a novel 18,19-seco-ursane triterpenoid from the leaves of I. chinensis and revealed its underlying mechanism of neuroinflammation for the first time. These findings suggest that ilexchinene might possess promising therapeutic effects in neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ruofei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wenqi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Baosong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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Gravandi MM, Abdian S, Tahvilian M, Iranpanah A, Moradi SZ, Fakhri S, Echeverría J. Therapeutic targeting of Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway by natural products: A systematic and mechanistic approach for neurodegeneration. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 115:154821. [PMID: 37119761 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple dysregulated pathways are behind the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs); however, the crucial targets are still unknown. Oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation are the most dominant pathways that strongly influence neurodegeneration. In this way, targeting the Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway appears to be a developing strategy for combating NDDs like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, aging, and other NDDs. Accordingly, plant secondary metabolites have shown promising potentials for the simultaneous modulation of the Ras/Raf/MAPKs pathway and play an essential role in NDDs. MAPKs include p38 MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which are important molecular players in neurodegeneration. Ras/Raf, which is located the upstream of MAPK pathway influences the initiation and progression of neurodegeneration and is regulated by natural products. PURPOSE Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective roles of plant- and marine-derived secondary metabolites against several NDDs through the modulation of the Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A systematic and comprehensive review was performed to highlight the modulatory roles of natural products on the Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway in NDDs, according to the PRISMA guideline, using scholarly electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences. Associated reference lists were also searched for the literature review. RESULTS From a total of 1495 results, finally 107 articles were included in the present study. The results show that several natural compounds such as alkaloid, phenolic, terpenoids, and nanoformulation were shown to have modulatory effects on the Ras/Raf/MAPKs pathway. CONCLUSION Natural products are promising multi-targeted agents with on NDDs through Ras/Raf/MAPKs pathway. Nevertheless, additional and complementary studies are necessary to check its efficacy and potential side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sadaf Abdian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maedeh Tahvilian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amin Iranpanah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile.
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Ma T, Sun Y, Lin J, Wang J, Zhang X, Yan T, Jia Y. Chemical constituents and mechanisms from Hemerocallis citrina Baroni with anti-neuroinflammatory activity. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
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Akaishi T, Yamamoto S, Abe K. 3',4'-Dihydroxyflavonol Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammatory Responses of Microglial Cells by Suppressing AKT-mTOR and NF-κB Pathways. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:914-920. [PMID: 37394643 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Microglia-related neuroinflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of a variety of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. The synthetic flavonoid, 3',4'-dihydroxyflavonol (3,3',4'-trihydroxyflavone), has been shown to protect brain or myocardial ischemia reperfusion-induced cell death and prevent the aggregation of amyloid-β protein, a process that causes progressive neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. Here, we explored the anti-neuroinflammatory ability of 3',4'-dihydroxyflavonol in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated MG6 microglial cells. 3',4'-Dihydroxyflavonol attenuated LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide secretion in MG6 cells. LPS-induced phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and protein kinase B (AKT) (which are all associated with the neuroinflammatory response in microglia) were attenuated by 3',4'-dihydroxyflavonol treatment. Treatment with the mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin, NF-κB inhibitor, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, or AKT inhibitor, LY294002, also attenuated LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide secretion in MG6 cells. LY294002 treatment attenuated LPS-induced phosphorylation of mTOR and NF-κB in MG6 cells. Hence, our study suggests that 3',4'-dihydroxyflavonol can attenuate the neuroinflammatory response of microglial cells by suppressing the AKT-mTOR and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiro Akaishi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University
| | - Shohei Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University
| | - Kazuho Abe
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University
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Arif M, Rauf K, Rehman NU, Tokhi A, Ikram M, Sewell RD. 6-Methoxyflavone and Donepezil Behavioral Plus Neurochemical Correlates in Reversing Chronic Ethanol and Withdrawal Induced Cognitive Impairment. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:1573-1593. [PMID: 35665194 PMCID: PMC9160976 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s360677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mehreen Arif
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Rauf
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, 22060, Pakistan
- Correspondence: Khalid Rauf, Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, 22060, Pakistan, Tel +923459824468, Email
| | - Naeem Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Tokhi
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Robert D Sewell
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
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