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Zhang Q, Zhang B, Yang F, Hu Y, Fan R, Wang M, Chen S. Forsythoside A regulates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and lung fibroblast proliferation via the PTPRB signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155715. [PMID: 38788399 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an end-stage change in many interstitial lung diseases, whereas no proven effective anti-pulmonary fibrotic treatments. Forsythoside A (FA) derived from Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, has been found to possess lung-protective effect. However, studies on its anti-pulmonary fibrosis effect are limited and its mechanism of action remains unknown. PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of FA on PF. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were randomized into normal (CON), model (BLM), pirfenidone (PFD), low- and high-dose FA (FA-L, FA-H, respectively). Except for the CON group, which was injected with the same dose of saline, the model of PF was established by intratracheal instillation of BLM, during which the survival rate and body weight changes of the mice were measured. The lung histopathology was evaluated by Hematoxylin-eosin, Sirius red, and Masson staining. Transcriptome analysis was performed to screen for the differential genes associated with the role of FA in PF. Differential genes in normal and pulmonary fibrosis patients with the GSE2052 dataset were analyzed in the GEO database. The levels of CTGF, α-SMA, MMP-8 in lung and TNF-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected by ELISA. The levels of HYP in lungs were detected by digestion. The mRNA and protein levels of MMP-7, E-cadherin, CD31, α-SMA, TGF-β1, IL-6, β-catenin, ZO-1, PTPRB, E-cadherin, and vimentin in lungs were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The expression of CD31, α-SMA, TGF-β1 and ZO-1 were detected by immunofluorescence. TGF-β1-stimulated HFL1 cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used in an attempt to explore the possible role of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type B (PTPRB) involved in FA-induced improvement of PF. RESULTS The results showed that FA could improve the survival rate and body weight of PF mice. FA could alleviate the symptoms of alveolar wall thickening, inflammatory cell infiltration, blue collagen fiber deposition, collagen fiber type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ in mice with PF. In addition, FA could reduce the levels of HYP, CTGF, α-SMA, TGF-β1, TNF-α, β-catenin and MMP8, and regulate the expression levels of CD31, ZO-1, PTPRB and E-cadherin in lung of mice with PF, inhibiting endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and fibroblasts proliferation. In the GSE2052 dataset, the expression level of PTPRB is reduced in lung tissue from PF patients, and results from transcriptome sequencing indicate that PTPRB expression is also reduced in PF mice. In addition, the effect of FA on TGF-β1-induced HFL1 or HUVECs cells could be attenuated by the inhibitor of PTPRB, suggesting that the effect of FA on PF is related to PTPRB. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that FA could ameliorate PF by inhibiting lung fibroblast proliferation and EndMT, and that PTPRB might be a target of FA to ameliorate PF, which provided evidence to support FA as a candidate phytochemical for PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Zhang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R., Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Yingbo Hu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Ruyi Fan
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Mengya Wang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Suiqing Chen
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R., Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan, China.
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Wu X, Liang J, Liu J, Huang Y, Zhang L, Liu X, Guo J, Zhang M, Chen Y, Wang J. Silibinin attenuates TGF-β2-induced fibrogenic changes in human trabecular meshwork cells by targeting JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Exp Eye Res 2024; 244:109939. [PMID: 38789021 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) induced fibrogenic changes in human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells have been implicated in trabecular meshwork (TM) damage and intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients. Silibinin (SIL) exhibited anti-fibrotic properties in various organs and tissues. This study aimed to assess the effects of SIL on the TGF-β2-treated HTM cells and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Our study found that SIL effectively inhibited HTM cell proliferation, attenuated TGF-β2-induced cell migration, and mitigated TGF-β2-induced reorganization of both actin and vimentin filaments. Moreover, SIL suppressed the expressions of fibronectin (FN), collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the TGF-β2-treated HTM cells. RNA sequencing indicated that SIL interfered with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB, also known as AKT) signaling pathway, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, and focal adhesion in the TGF-β2-treated HTM cells. Western blotting demonstrated SIL inhibited the activation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) and the downstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathways induced by TGF-β2, potentially contributing to its inhibitory effects on ECM protein production in the TGF-β2-treated HTM cells. Our study demonstrated the ability of SIL to inhibit TGF-β2-induced fibrogenic changes in HTM cells. SIL could be a potential IOP-lowering agent by reducing the fibrotic changes in the TM tissue of POAG patients, which warrants further investigation through additional animal and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Wu
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, 121001, China; Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518040, China
| | - Jia Liang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518040, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518040, China
| | - Yijia Huang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518040, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518040, China
| | - Junhong Guo
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518040, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518040, China
| | - Yudong Chen
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523700, China.
| | - Jiantao Wang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518040, China.
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Zhang F, Yue H, Dong R, He J, Zhou L, Dou X, Wang L, Zheng P, Mao Z, Zhu X, Wang Y, Liu H, Zhang H. Trigonelline hydrochloride attenuates silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by orchestrating fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation. Respir Res 2024; 25:242. [PMID: 38877465 PMCID: PMC11179236 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02876-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silicosis represents a paramount occupational health hazard globally, with its incidence, morbidity, and mortality on an upward trajectory, posing substantial clinical dilemmas due to limited effective treatment options available. Trigonelline (Trig), a plant alkaloid extracted mainly from coffee and fenugreek, have diverse biological properties such as protecting dermal fibroblasts against ultraviolet radiation and has the potential to inhibit collagen synthesis. However, it's unclear whether Trig inhibits fibroblast activation to attenuate silicosis-induced pulmonary fibrosis is unclear. METHODS To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Trig in the context of silicosis-related pulmonary fibrosis, a mouse model of silicosis was utilized. The investigation seeks to elucidated Trig's impact on the progression of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by evaluating protein expression, mRNA levels and employing Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), Masson's trichrome, and Sirius Red staining. Subsequently, we explored the mechanism underlying of its functions. RESULTS In vivo experiment, Trig has been demonstrated the significant efficacy in mitigating SiO2-induced silicosis and BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis, as evidenced by improved histochemical staining and reduced fibrotic marker expressions. Additionally, we showed that the differentiation of fibroblast to myofibroblast was imped in Trig + SiO2 group. In terms of mechanism, we obtained in vitro evidence that Trig inhibited fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation by repressing TGF-β/Smad signaling according to the in vitro evidence. Notably, our finding indicated that Trig seemed to be safe in mice and fibroblasts. CONCLUSION In summary, Trig attenuated the severity of silicosis-related pulmonary fibrosis by alleviating the differentiation of myofibroblasts, indicating the development of novel therapeutic approaches for silicosis fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huihui Yue
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ruihan Dong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jianhan He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xinran Dou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Pengdou Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhenyu Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Huiguo Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Huilan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Ren M, Li J, Xu Z, Nan B, Gao H, Wang H, Lin Y, Shen H. Arsenic exposure induced renal fibrosis via regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and the NLRP3-TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3679-3693. [PMID: 38511876 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Environmental arsenic exposure is one of the major global public health problems. Studies have shown that arsenic exposure can cause renal fibrosis, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Integrating the in vivo and in vitro models, this study investigated the potential molecular pathways for arsenic-induced renal fibrosis. In this study, SD rats were treated with 0, 5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L NaAsO2 for 8 weeks via drinking water, and HK2 cells were treated with different doses of NaAsO2 for 48 h. The in vivo results showed that arsenic content in the rats' kidneys increased as the dose increased. Body weight decreased and kidney coefficient increased at 100 mg/L. As a response to the elevated NaAsO2 dose, inflammatory cell infiltration, renal tubular injury, glomerular atrophy, tubulointerstitial hemorrhage, and fibrosis became more obvious indicated by HE and Masson staining. The kidney transcriptome profiles further supported the protein-protein interactions involved in NaAsO2-induced renal fibrosis. The in vivo results, in together with the in vitro experiments, have revealed that exposure to NaAsO2 disturbed mitochondrial dynamics, promoted mitophagy, activated inflammation and the TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway, and finally resulted in fibrosis. In summary, arsenic exposure contributed to renal fibrosis via regulating the mitochondrial dynamics and the NLRP3-TGF-β1/SMAD signaling axis. This study presented an adverse outcome pathway for the development of renal fibrosis due to arsenic exposure through drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zehua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bingru Nan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Zhoushan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Heqing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Obstetrics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Hou CY, Hsieh CC, Hung YC, Hsu CC, Hsieh CW, Yu SH, Cheng KC. Evaluation of the amelioration effect of Ganoderma formosanum extract on delaying PM2.5 damage to lung macrophages. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300667. [PMID: 38282089 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Particulate matter (PM) contains toxic organic matter and heavy metals that enter the entire body through blood flow and may cause mortality. Ganoderma formosanum mycelium, a valuable traditional Chinese medicine that has been used since ancient times, contains various active ingredients that can effectively impede inflammatory responses on murine alveolar macrophages induced by PM particles. METHODS AND RESULTS An experimental study assessing the effect of G. formosanum mycelium extract's water fraction (WA) on PM-exposed murine alveolar macrophages using ROS measurement shows that WA reduces intracellular ROS by 12% and increases cell viability by 16% when induced by PM particles. According to RNA-Sequencing, western blotting, and real-time qPCR are conducted to analyze the metabolic pathway. The WA reduces the protein ratio in p-NF-κB/NF-κB by 18% and decreases the expression of inflammatory genes, including IL-1β by 38%, IL-6 by 29%, and TNF-α by 19%. Finally, the identification of seven types of anti-inflammatory compounds in the WA fraction is achieved through UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-Elite-MS/MS analysis. These compounds include anti-inflammatory compounds, namely thiamine, adenosine 5'-monophosphate, pipecolic acid, L-pyroglutamic acid, acetyl-L-carnitine, D-mannitol, and L-malic acid. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests that the WA has the potential to alleviate the PM -induced damage in alveolar macrophages, demonstrating its anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Che Hsieh
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ci Hung
- Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chih Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Han Yu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Optometry, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
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Li J, Wei Q, Song K, Wang Y, Yang Y, Li M, Yu J, Su G, Peng L, Fu B, Yi P. Tangeretin attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the PI3K/Akt pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1247800. [PMID: 37781713 PMCID: PMC10540689 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1247800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a terminal pathological change in a variety of lung diseases characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, for which effective treatment is lacking. Tangeretin (Tan), a flavonoid derived from citrus, has been shown to have a wide range of pharmacological effects. This study aimed to investigate the role and potential mechanisms of Tan on pulmonary fibrosis. Methods: A model of pulmonary fibrosis was established by administering bleomycin through tracheal drip, followed by administering Tan or pirfenidone through gavage. HE and Masson staining were employed to assess the extent of pulmonary fibrosis. Subsequently, Western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), RNA sequencing, and immunohistochemistry techniques were employed to uncover the protective mechanism of Tan in PF mice. Furthermore, A549 cells were stimulated with TGF-β1 to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and demonstrate the effectiveness of Tan in mitigating PF. Results: Tan significantly ameliorated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, improved fibrotic pathological changes, and collagen deposition in the lungs, and reduced lung inflammation and oxidative stress. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed a higher number of enriched genes in the PI3K/Akt pathway. Additionally, Tan can inhibit the EMT process related to pulmonary fibrosis. Conclusion: Taken together, the above research results indicate that Tan suppresses inflammation, oxidative stress, and EMT in BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis via the PI3K/Akt pathway and is a potential agent for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qian Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Ke Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Youxin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Miao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaying Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guangxu Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Luyuan Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bendong Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pengfei Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Tao L, Lu X, Fu Z, Tian Y, Liu X, Li J, Zhao P. Tong Sai granules improves AECOPD via regulation of MAPK-SIRT1-NF-κB pathway and cellular senescence alleviation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 314:116622. [PMID: 37210015 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tong Sai granules (TSG) a traditional Chinese medicine, are used to treat acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Cellular senescence is considered the mechanism underlying AECOPD progression. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of TSG in an AECOPD rat model (established using cigarette smoke exposure and bacterial infection) and focused on the inhibition of cellular senescence in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Histological changes and levels of inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), p53, and p21 were determined. A cellular senescence model was established by challenging airway epithelial cells with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Quantitative PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence were used to measure mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, UPLC-Q-Extractive-Orbitrap MS analysis, network analysis, and transcriptomics were used to analyze the potential compounds and molecular mechanisms of TSG. RESULTS The results showed that oral administration of TSG significantly reduced the severity of AECOPD in rats by ameliorating lung function decline and pathological injuries and increasing the levels of C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A, two well-known proinflammatory mediators of the acute phase response. Oral TSG administration also decreased the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α), MMPs (e.g., MMP-2 and MMP-9), critical regulators of senescence such as p21 and p53, and the apoptotic marker γH2AX, all of which are factors in cellular senescence in lung tissue. TSG4 was isolated from TSGs using macroporous resin and found to significantly suppress cellular senescence in CSE/LPS-induced bronchial epithelial cells. Furthermore, 26 of 56 compounds identified in TSG4 were used to predict 882 potential targets. Additionally, 317 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in CSE/LPS-treated bronchial epithelial cells. Network analysis of the 882 targets and 317 DEGs revealed that TSG4 regulated multiple pathways, among which the mitogen-activated protein kinase-sirtuin 1-nuclear factor kappa B (MAPK-SIRT1-NF-κB) pathway is important in terms of antisenescent mechanisms. Moreover, in CSE/LPS-induced bronchial epithelial cells, p-p38, p-ERK1/2, p-JNK, and p-p65 levels were increased and SIRT1 levels were decreased after TSG4 treatment. Additionally, oral TSG administration decreased p-p38 and p-p65 levels and increased SIRT1 levels in the lung tissues of AECOPD model rats. CONCLUSION Collectively, these results indicate that TSGs ameliorate AECOPD by regulating the MAPK-SIRT1-NF-κB signaling pathway and subsequently suppressing cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuying Tao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-constructed by Henan Province & Education Ministry of PR China, China.
| | - Xiaofan Lu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-constructed by Henan Province & Education Ministry of PR China, China
| | - Zijian Fu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-constructed by Henan Province & Education Ministry of PR China, China
| | - Yange Tian
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-constructed by Henan Province & Education Ministry of PR China, China; Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Xinguang Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-constructed by Henan Province & Education Ministry of PR China, China; Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-constructed by Henan Province & Education Ministry of PR China, China; Department of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-constructed by Henan Province & Education Ministry of PR China, China; Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
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