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Sun Q, Du J, Wang Z, Li X, Fu R, Liu H, Xu N, Zhu G, Wang B. Structural characteristics and biological activity of a water-soluble polysaccharide HDCP-2 from Camellia sinensis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134437. [PMID: 39116965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Large-leaf Yellow tea (LYT) is a traditional beverage from Camellia Sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze in China and has unusual health-regulating functions. This investigation explored the structural characteristics of a polysaccharide extracted from LYT, which possesses anti-inflammatory activity. The polysaccharide HDCP-2, obtained through ethanol fractional precipitation and then DEAE-52 anion exchange column, followed by DPPH radical scavenging screening, exhibited a yield of 0.19 %. The HPGPC method indicated that the molecular weight of HDCP-2 is approximately 2.9 × 104 Da. Analysis of the monosaccharide composition revealed that HDCP-2 consisted of mannose, glucose, xylose, and galacturonic acid, and their molar ratio is approximately 0.4:0.5:1.2:0.7. The structure motif of HDCP-2 was probed carefully through methylation analysis, FT-IR, and NMR analysis, which identified the presence of β-d-Xylp(1→, →2, 4)-β-d-Xylp(1→, →3)-β-d-Manp(1→, α-d-Glcp(1→ and →2, 4)-α-d-GalAp(1→ linkages. A CCK-8 kit assay was employed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory action of HDCP-2. These results demonstrated that HDCP-2 could inhibit the migration and proliferation of the MH7A cells and reduce NO production in an inflammatory model induced by TNF-α. The abundant presence of xylose accounted for 39 % of the LYT polysaccharide structure, and its distinctive linking mode (→2, 4)-β-d-Xylp(1→) appears to be the primary contributing factor to its anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoxu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine of the Ministry of Education, College of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Functional Activity and Resource Utilization on Edible and Medicinal Fungi Joint Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, PR China
| | - Jiao Du
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine of the Ministry of Education, College of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Functional Activity and Resource Utilization on Edible and Medicinal Fungi Joint Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, PR China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine of the Ministry of Education, College of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Functional Activity and Resource Utilization on Edible and Medicinal Fungi Joint Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, PR China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine of the Ministry of Education, College of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Functional Activity and Resource Utilization on Edible and Medicinal Fungi Joint Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, PR China
| | - Ranze Fu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine of the Ministry of Education, College of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Functional Activity and Resource Utilization on Edible and Medicinal Fungi Joint Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, PR China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine of the Ministry of Education, College of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Functional Activity and Resource Utilization on Edible and Medicinal Fungi Joint Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, PR China
| | - Na Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China.
| | - Guoqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine of the Ministry of Education, College of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Functional Activity and Resource Utilization on Edible and Medicinal Fungi Joint Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, PR China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine of the Ministry of Education, College of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Functional Activity and Resource Utilization on Edible and Medicinal Fungi Joint Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, PR China; Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, PR China.
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Ziaastani Z, Kalantari-Khandani B, Niazi MJ, Kazemipour A. Identification of critical genes and metabolic pathways in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis toward drug repurposing. Comput Biol Med 2024; 180:108912. [PMID: 39079412 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoporosis (OP) are considered to be complex diseases. In recent studies, a positive association between RA and OP has been reported triggering growing research interest. This study aims to investigate the drugs related to critical genes in RA and OP, using bioinformatics approaches, toward drug repurposing. METHOD RA and OP genes were identified. The RA-OP PPI network was constructed and analyzed using the STRING and Cytoscape, respectively. Hub genes and modules were extracted and enriched Gene Ontology, through the WebGestalt and g:Profiler. The identification of the drugs related to critical genes using the DGIDB, and extracted the miRNAs using miRWalk and miRNet. RESULTS By network clustering, five significant modules were obtained that have important roles in the immune system. IL6, TNF, IL1B, STAT3, TGFB1, TP53, HIF1A, CCL2, IL10, and MMP9 were found as the top 10 hub genes in the RA-OP network. Hub genes were shown to have implications in inflammatory response, significant functions in cytokine receptor binding, and localized mostly in extracellular space. By investigating the drugs related to hub genes, 16 drugs were identified as repurposing candidate drugs. The 10 drugs included Hydroxychloroquine, Infliximab, Adalimumab, Etanercept, Certolizumab, Cyclosporine, Diacerein, Gevokizumab, Canakinumab, and Olokizumab proposed for OP. Also, six drugs including Pirfenidone, Pentoxifylline, Vadimezan, Rilonacept, Metelimumab, and Siltuximab have important roles in inflammatory control and were proposed for both RA and OP. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study can provide novel insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of RA and OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ziaastani
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Bioinformatics, Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran; Bahonar Bioinformatics Lab (BBL), Iran
| | | | - Mohammad-Javad Niazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Bahonar Bioinformatics Lab (BBL), Iran
| | - Ali Kazemipour
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Bioinformatics, Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran; Bahonar Bioinformatics Lab (BBL), Iran.
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Hufnagel M, Rademaekers A, Weisert A, Häberlein H, Franken S. Pharmacological profile of dicaffeoylquinic acids and their role in the treatment of respiratory diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1371613. [PMID: 39239645 PMCID: PMC11374715 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1371613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Dicaffeoylquinic acids (DCQAs) are polyphenolic compounds found in various medicinal plants such as Echinacea species and Hedera helix, whose multi-constituent extracts are used worldwide to treat respiratory diseases. Besides triterpenes, saponins, alkamides, and other constituents, DCQAs are an important group of substances for the pharmacological activity of plant-derived extracts. Therefore, the pharmacological properties of DCQAs have been studied over the last decades, suggesting antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hypoglycaemic, cardiovascular protective, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective effects. However, the beneficial pharmacological profile of DCQAs has not yet been linked to their use in treating respiratory diseases such as acute or even chronic bronchitis. The aim of this review was to assess the potential of DCQAs for respiratory indications based on published in vitro and in vivo pharmacological and pre-clinical data, with particular focus on antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and respiratory-related effects such as antitussive or antispasmodic properties. A respective literature search revealed a large number of publications on the six DCQA isoforms. Based on this search, a focus was placed on 1,3-, 3,4-, 3,5-, and 4,5-DCQA, as the publications focused mainly on these isomers. Based on the available pre-clinical data, DCQAs trigger cellular mechanisms that are important in the treatment of respiratory diseases such as decreasing NF-κB activation, reducing oxidative stress, or activating the Nrf2 pathway. Taken together, these data suggest an essential role for DCQAs within herbal medicines used for the treatment of respiratory diseases and highlights the need for the identifications of DCQAs as lead substances within such extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anika Weisert
- Engelhard Arzneimittel GmbH & Co. KG, Niederdorfelden, Germany
| | - Hanns Häberlein
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Franken
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Shi S, Duan H, Ou X. Targeted delivery of anti-osteoporosis therapy: Bisphosphonate-modified nanosystems and composites. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116699. [PMID: 38705129 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) constitutes a significant health concern that profoundly affects individuals' quality of life. Bisphosphonates, conventional pharmaceuticals widely employed in OP treatment, encounter limitations related to inadequate drug targeting and a short effective duration, thereby compromising their clinical efficacy. The burgeoning field of nanotechnology has witnessed the development and application of diverse functional nanosystems designed for OP treatment. Owing to the bone tissue affinity of bisphosphonates, these nanosystems are modified to address shortcomings associated with traditional drug delivery. In this review, we explore the potential of bisphosphonate-modified nanosystems as a promising strategy for addressing osteoporotic conditions. With functional modification, these nanosystems exhibit a targeted and reversible effect on osteoporotic remodeling, presenting a promising solution to enhance precision in drug delivery. The synthesis methods, physicochemical properties, and in vitro/in vivo performance of bisphosphonate-modified nanosystems are comprehensively examined in this review. Through a thorough analysis of recent advances and accomplishments in this field, we aim to provide insights into the potential applications and future directions of bisphosphonate-modified nanosystems for targeted and reversible osteoporotic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyan Shi
- Department of Hand Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Honghui Hospital North District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China
| | - Honghao Duan
- Department of Hand Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Honghui Hospital North District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China
| | - Xuehai Ou
- Department of Hand Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Honghui Hospital North District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China.
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Ke LM, Yu DD, Su MZ, Cui L, Guo YW. In Vitro Insights into the Role of 7,8-Epoxy-11-Sinulariolide Acetate Isolated from Soft Coral Sinularia siaesensis in the Potential Attenuation of Inflammation and Osteoclastogenesis. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:95. [PMID: 38393066 PMCID: PMC10890379 DOI: 10.3390/md22020095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The balance between bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts is essential for the process of bone remodeling. Excessive osteoclast differentiation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of bone diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis. In the present study, we examined whether 7,8-epoxy-11-sinulariolide acetate (Esa), a marine natural product present in soft coral Sinularia siaesensis, attenuates inflammation and osteoclastogenesis in vitro. The results indicated that Esa significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation model of RAW264.7 cells and suppressed receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-triggered osteoclastogenesis. Esa significantly down-regulated the protein expression of iNOS, COX-2, and TNF-α by inhibiting the NF-κB/MAPK/PI3K pathways and reducing the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RAW264.7 macrophages. Besides, Esa treatment significantly inhibited osteoclast differentiation and suppressed the expression of osteoclast-specific markers such as NFATC1, MMP-9, and CTSK proteins. These findings suggest that Esa may be a potential agent for the maintenance of bone homeostasis associated with inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Mao Ke
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, China
| | - Dan-Dan Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, China
| | - Ming-Zhi Su
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, China
| | - Liao Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Yue-Wei Guo
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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Lee SJ, Yang H, Kim SC, Gu DR, Ryuk JA, Jang SA, Ha H. Ethanol Extract of Radix Asteris Suppresses Osteoclast Differentiation and Alleviates Osteoporosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16526. [PMID: 38003715 PMCID: PMC10671772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Radix Asteris, the root of Aster tataricus L. f., is historically significant in East Asian medicine for treating respiratory conditions. Yet, its implications on bone health remain uncharted. This research investigated the impact of an aqueous ethanol extract of Radix Asteris (EERA) on osteoclast differentiation and its prospective contribution to osteoporosis management. We discerned that EERA retards osteoclast differentiation by inhibiting receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) expression and obstructing RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. EERA markedly suppressed RANKL-induced expression of NFATc1, a pivotal osteoclastogenic factor, via modulating early RANK signaling. EERA's therapeutic potential was underscored by its defense against trabecular bone degradation and its counteraction to increased body and perigonadal fat in ovariectomized mice, mirroring postmenopausal physiological changes. In the phytochemical analysis of EERA, we identified several constituents recognized for their roles in regulating bone and fat metabolism. Collectively, our findings emphasize the potential of EERA in osteoclast differentiation modulation and in the management of osteoporosis and associated metabolic changes following estrogen depletion, suggesting its suitability as an alternative therapeutic strategy for postmenopausal osteoporosis intertwined with metabolic imbalances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ju Lee
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.L.); (H.Y.); (S.C.K.); (D.R.G.); (J.A.R.)
| | - Hyun Yang
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.L.); (H.Y.); (S.C.K.); (D.R.G.); (J.A.R.)
| | - Seong Cheol Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.L.); (H.Y.); (S.C.K.); (D.R.G.); (J.A.R.)
| | - Dong Ryun Gu
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.L.); (H.Y.); (S.C.K.); (D.R.G.); (J.A.R.)
| | - Jin Ah Ryuk
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.L.); (H.Y.); (S.C.K.); (D.R.G.); (J.A.R.)
| | - Seon-A Jang
- Future Technology Research Center, KT&G Corporation, 30, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34128, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyunil Ha
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.L.); (H.Y.); (S.C.K.); (D.R.G.); (J.A.R.)
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