1
|
Balada F, Aluja A, García Ó, Aymamí N, García LF. Gender Differences in Prefrontal Cortex Response to Negative Emotional Stimuli in Drivers. Brain Sci 2024; 14:884. [PMID: 39335380 PMCID: PMC11430552 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14090884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Road safety improvement is a governmental priority due to driver-caused accidents. Driving style variation affects safety, with emotional regulation being pivotal. However, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) studies show inconsistent prefrontal cortex activity during emotion processing. This study examines prefrontal cortex response to negative emotional stimuli, particularly traffic accident images, across drivers diverse in age and gender. METHOD The study involved 118 healthy males (44.38 ± 12.98 years) and 84 females (38.89 ± 10.60 years). The Multidimensional Driving Style Inventory (MDSI) was used to assess driving behavior alongside fNIRS recordings. Participants viewed traffic accident and neutral images while prefrontal oxygenation was monitored. RESULTS Women rated traffic accidents (t-test = 2.43; p < 0.016) and neutral images (t-test = 2.19; p < 0.030) lower in valence than men. Arousal differences were significant for traffic accident images (t-test = -3.06; p < 0.002). correlational analysis found an inverse relationship between Dissociative scale scores and oxygenation (all p-values ≤ 0.013). Greater prefrontal oxygenation occurred with neutral images compared to traffic accidents. Left hemisphere differences (t-test = 3.23; p < 0.001) exceeded right hemisphere differences (t-test = 2.46; p < 0.015). Subgroup analysis showed male participants to be driving these disparities. Among adaptive drivers, significant oxygenation differences between neutral and accident images were evident in both hemispheres (left: t-test = 2.72, p < 0.009; right: t-test = 2.22, p < 0.030). CONCLUSIONS Male drivers with maladaptive driving styles, particularly dissociative ones, exhibit reduced prefrontal oxygenation when exposed to neutral and traffic accident images. This response was absent in female drivers, with no notable age-related differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Balada
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research, Dr. Pifarré Foundation, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (F.B.); (Ó.G.); (N.A.); (L.F.G.)
- Departamento de Psicobiologia i Metodología CCSS, Facultad de Psicologia, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anton Aluja
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research, Dr. Pifarré Foundation, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (F.B.); (Ó.G.); (N.A.); (L.F.G.)
- Departamento de Psicología, Faculdat de Psicología, University of Lleida, 25001 Lleida, Spain
| | - Óscar García
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research, Dr. Pifarré Foundation, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (F.B.); (Ó.G.); (N.A.); (L.F.G.)
- Department of Psychology, European University of Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Neus Aymamí
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research, Dr. Pifarré Foundation, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (F.B.); (Ó.G.); (N.A.); (L.F.G.)
- Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addictions Service, Santa Maria Hospital of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Luis F. García
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research, Dr. Pifarré Foundation, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (F.B.); (Ó.G.); (N.A.); (L.F.G.)
- Departamento de Psicología Biológica y de la Salud, Facultad de Psicología, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hoffmann JM, Finke JB, Schächinger H, Schulz A, Vögele C, Spaderna H. Modulation of startle and heart rate responses by fear of physical activity in patients with heart failure and in healthy adults. Physiol Behav 2020; 225:113044. [PMID: 32619525 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fear of physical activity (FoPA) has been suggested as a barrier to physical activity in patients with heart failure and might be associated with low adherence to exercise regimen despite medical guideline recommendations. The present study examined physiological indicators of FoPA by assessing startle modulation (via EMG at the orbicularis oculi muscle) and heart rate responses (derived from ECG) after affective priming with lexical stimuli of positive, neutral, and negative valence, as well as words related to physical activity as potentially phobic cues. After screening for FoPA in patients with heart failure and healthy adults, twenty participants each were assigned to one of three subsamples: a healthy control group and two cardiac patient groups scoring either low or high on FoPA. The high-FoPA group showed startle potentiation and more pronounced heart rate acceleration (than did controls) in the phobic prime condition, indicating defensive response mobilization. Among the patients, higher FoPA accounted for 30% of the startle potentiation by phobic priming, whereas general anxiety, depression, and disease severity were no significant predictors of startle modulation. These findings suggest that FoPA in patients with heart failure is associated with defensive responses on a physiological level that might be indicative of avoidance behavior, thereby contributing to low adherence to exercise regimen. Thus, FoPA presents a significant target for psychological interventions to foster physical activity in cardiac patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremia Mark Hoffmann
- Division of Health Psychology, Department of Nursing Science, Trier University, Universitätsring 15, D-54286 Trier, Germany
| | - Johannes B Finke
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 2a, D-57076 Siegen, Germany; Institute of Psychobiology, Department of Clinical Psychophysiology, Trier University, Johanniterufer 15, D-54290 Trier, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schächinger
- Institute of Psychobiology, Department of Clinical Psychophysiology, Trier University, Johanniterufer 15, D-54290 Trier, Germany
| | - André Schulz
- Institute for Health and Behaviour, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, 11, Porte des Sciences, L-4366 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Claus Vögele
- Institute for Health and Behaviour, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, 11, Porte des Sciences, L-4366 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Heike Spaderna
- Division of Health Psychology, Department of Nursing Science, Trier University, Universitätsring 15, D-54286 Trier, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Frank GKW, Kalina C, DeGuzman MC, Shott ME. Eye blink and reward prediction error response in anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord 2020; 53:1544-1549. [PMID: 32567716 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional brain imaging has been used to study brain reward function and behavioral traits in anorexia nervosa (AN). Here we tested whether eye blink relates to behavior and brain imaging response as a method that is less costly and more accessible. METHOD We recruited 26 women with AN and 50 healthy matched controls. All underwent a reward-learning prediction error task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, eye blink was measured for spontaneous blink rate, baseline blink amplitude, and startle response to an auditory stimulus. RESULTS Baseline blink rate, amplitude and startle response were similar between groups. In AN, there were significant positive correlations between spontaneous blink rate and bulimia symptoms, and baseline blink amplitude and prediction error response in right-sided caudate, insula, and nucleus accumbens. Correlations between eye blink measures and body dissatisfaction or harm avoidance were no longer significant after multiple comparison adjustments. DISCUSSION This study provides evidence that measures of eye blink response can be related to brain prediction error response and eating disorder behavior in AN. The catecholamine dopamine contributes to both eye blink and prediction error response providing indirect evidence that it could be a neurobiological correlate that contributes to behaviors relevant to AN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guido K W Frank
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | | | - Megan E Shott
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
De Pascalis V, Scacchia P, Sommer K, Checcucci C. Psychopathy traits and reinforcement sensitivity theory: Prepulse inhibition and ERP responses. Biol Psychol 2019; 148:107771. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.107771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
5
|
Lozano-Montes L, Astori S, Abad S, Guillot de Suduiraut I, Sandi C, Zalachoras I. Latency to Reward Predicts Social Dominance in Rats: A Causal Role for the Dopaminergic Mesolimbic System. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:69. [PMID: 31024272 PMCID: PMC6460316 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Reward signals encoded in the mesolimbic dopaminergic system guide approach/seeking behaviors to all varieties of life-supporting stimuli (rewards). Differences in dopamine (DA) levels have been found between dominant and submissive animals. However, it is still unclear whether these differences arise as a consequence of the rewarding nature of the acquisition of a dominant rank, or whether they preexist and favor dominance by promoting reward-seeking behavior. Given that acquisition of a social rank determines animals' priority access to resources, we hypothesized that differences in reward-seeking behavior might affect hierarchy establishment and that modulation of the dopaminergic system could affect the outcome of a social competition. We characterized reward-seeking behaviors based on rats' latency to get a palatable-reward when given temporary access to it. Subsequently, rats exhibiting short (SL) and long (LL) latency to get the rewards cohabitated for more than 2 weeks, in order to establish a stable hierarchy. We found that SL animals exhibited dominant behavior consistently in social competition tests [for palatable-rewards and two water competition tests (WCTs)] after hierarchy was established, indicating that individual latency to rewards predicted dominance. Moreover, because SL animals showed higher mesolimbic levels of DA than LL rats, we tested whether stimulation of mesolimbic DA neurons could affect the outcome of a social competition. Indeed, a combination of optical stimulation of mesolimbic DA neurons during individual training and during a social competition test for palatable rewards resulted in improved performance on this test.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lozano-Montes
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Simone Astori
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sonia Abad
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Guillot de Suduiraut
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Sandi
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Zalachoras
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Balada F, Lucas I, Blanch Á, Blanco E, Aluja A. Neuroticism is associated with reduced oxygenation levels in the lateral prefrontal cortex following exposure to unpleasant images. Physiol Behav 2019; 199:66-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
7
|
Blanch A, Lucas I, Balada F, Blanco E, Aluja A. Sex differences and personality in the modulation of the acoustic startle reflex. Physiol Behav 2018; 195:20-27. [PMID: 30053432 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The modulation of the eyeblink component of the acoustic startle reflex (ASR) has been used to study human motivation, attention, and emotion towards affective stimuli of different valence. However, sex and individual differences in personality have been rather overlooked concerning the change in the ASR to brief affective sequences. In this study, we aimed to evaluate sex differences in the ASR, together with the influence of sensitivity to punishment (SP) and sensitivity to reward (SR) in the affective modulation of the ASR to pleasant and unpleasant pictures. We addressed this topic with a latent curve model (LCM) representing the change in the ASR of an extensive group of men (n = 166) and women (n = 109). There was a significant habituation of the ASR to the pleasant pictures, and a significant sensitization of the ASR to the unpleasant pictures. Both effects were higher and more variable for women than for men. There were in addition interactive and quadratic effects of SP and SR on the ASR to the pleasant and unpleasant pictures. Men and women with extreme scores in SP, and women with low scores in SR habituated faster to the pleasant stimuli. For men scoring low in SP, higher scores in SR related with an attenuated initial ASR to the unpleasant stimuli. Women with extreme scores in SP had a higher initial ASR to the unpleasant stimuli. There were remarkable asymmetries between men and women concerning personality effects on the change in the ASR to affective stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angel Blanch
- Department of Psychology, University of Lleida, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research (IRB), Lleida, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Lucas
- Department of Psychology, University of Lleida, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research (IRB), Lleida, Spain
| | - Ferran Balada
- Department of Psychology, University of Lleida, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research (IRB), Lleida, Spain; Department of Psychobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Blanco
- Department of Psychology, University of Lleida, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research (IRB), Lleida, Spain
| | - Anton Aluja
- Department of Psychology, University of Lleida, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research (IRB), Lleida, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Aluja A, Balada F, Blanco E, Lucas I, Blanch A. Startle reflex modulation by affective face “Emoji” pictographs. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2018; 84:15-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00426-018-0991-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
9
|
Vogel T, Hütter M, Gebauer JE. Is Evaluative Conditioning Moderated by Big Five Personality Traits? SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1948550617740193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Evaluative conditioning (EC), a change in liking of a stimulus due to its paired presentation with a positive or negative stimulus, is a key concept in attitude formation. The present article examines to what extent EC effects are moderated by Big Five personality. For this purpose, 567 participants completed an EC procedure and the Big Five Inventory. People high on neuroticism and agreeableness showed stronger EC effects than people low on those personality traits. In conclusion, attitude formation via EC depends in part on Big Five personality. This novel insight has important ramifications for EC research and personality research. As to EC research, the moderation by neuroticism suggests that EC effects intensify with an increased focus on valent stimuli. As to personality research, our findings reinforce the fundamental nature of the Big Five because they are evidentially able to moderate such basic learning phenomena as EC.
Collapse
|
10
|
Evaluation of startle response and prepulse inhibition based on changes in the range of vertical pressure force of the feet on the ground: a preliminary study. Neurol Sci 2017; 38:2139-2143. [PMID: 28963683 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-017-3129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of estimating a startle response and sensorimotor gating based on changes in the range of vertical pressure force of the feet on the ground during a dynamometric examination. The study encompassed 13 healthy and physically fit men (age: 23.3 ± 2.0 years; height: 178.0 ± 6.1 cm; and weight: 76.1 ± 9.0 kg). The inhibitory mechanisms of startle reflex were used as the measure of sensorimotor gating. It was triggered by a strong acoustic stimulus (106 dB SPL, 40 ms), which was preceded by a similar, weaker signal (80 dB SPL, 20 ms). Startle reflex was evaluated using a piezoelectric force platform. The results of the conducted study show that the range of vertical pressure force of the feet caused by the reaction to a strong acoustic stimulus is significantly smaller when this stimulus is preceded by a signal of lower intensity (prepulse). Such assessment is only possible with the participants' eyes open. The generalized startle response of a person may be estimated using a force platform, based on changes in the range of vertical pressure force of the feet on the ground, which are caused by unexpected acoustic stimuli. There is a strong indication that using a force platform to evaluate sensorimotor gating could be used as an alternative to electromyographic examinations.
Collapse
|
11
|
Weyand S, Chau T. Challenges of implementing a personalized mental task near-infrared spectroscopy brain-computer interface for a non-verbal young adult with motor impairments. Dev Neurorehabil 2017; 20:99-107. [PMID: 26457507 DOI: 10.3109/17518423.2015.1087436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Near-infrared spectroscopy brain-computer interfaces (NIRS-BCIs) have been proposed as potential motor-free communication pathways. This paper documents the challenges of implementing an NIRS-BCI with a non-verbal, severely and congenitally impaired, but cognitively intact young adult. METHODS A 5-session personalized mental task NIRS-BCI training paradigm was invoked, whereby participant-specific mental tasks were selected either by the researcher or by the user, on the basis of prior performance or user preference. RESULTS Although the personalized mental task selection and training framework had been previously demonstrated with able-bodied participants, the participant was not able to exceed chance-level accuracies. Challenges to the acquisition of BCI control may have included disinclination to BCI training, structural or functional brain atypicalities, heightened emotional arousal and confounding haemodynamic patterns associated with novelty and reward processing. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we stress the necessity for further clinical NIRS-BCI research involving non-verbal individuals with severe motor impairments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Weyand
- a Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital , Toronto , Ontario , Canada and.,b Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Tom Chau
- a Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital , Toronto , Ontario , Canada and.,b Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
De Pascalis V, Fracasso F, Corr PJ. The behavioral approach system and augmenting/reducing in auditory event-related potentials during emotional visual stimulation. Biol Psychol 2016; 123:310-323. [PMID: 27816656 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In the recent Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory Personality Questionnaire (RST-PQ, Corr and Cooper, 2016) the behavioral approach system (BAS) has been conceptualized as multidimensional in which facets of reward interest and reactivity, and goal-drive persistence, are separate from impulsivity. Aim of the present work was to highlight the predictive power of BAS and its facets in differentiating electrocortical responses by using an auditory augmenting/reducing event-related potential (ERP) paradigm during emotional visual stimulation. ERPs were recorded for 5 levels of intensity in 39 women. The RST-PQ was used to measure the total BAS (T-BAS) and its four facets of Goal-Drive Persistence (GDP), Reward Interest (RI), Reward Reactivity (RR), and Impulsivity (IMP). T-BAS and RI, and to a less extent GDP and RR, were significantly associated with higher N1/P2 amplitudes at central sites (C3, Cz, C4) across neutral, positive and negative slides. Similar, but less pronounced relations were found for GDP and RR, but this relation was lacking for Imp facet. In addition, N1/P2 slope at central sites was positively correlated with T-BAS, GDP, RI, RR, but not Imp. Indeed, T-BAS facets failed to maintain a significant correlation with N1/P2 slope, after controlling for T-BAS residual scores, indicating that T-BAS drives these significant correlations. LORETA analysis at 219ms (P2 wave) from tone onset revealed a significant activation of the right inferior parietal lobule (IPL, BA40) and left anterior cingulate gyrus (BA32) in high T-BAS compared to low T-BAS participants. Results are discussed within a revised RST framework differentiating reward components from impulsivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Philip J Corr
- Department of Psychology, City University London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Blanch A, Aluja A, Blanco E, Balada F. Examining habituation of the startle reflex with the reinforcement sensitivity theory of personality. Psychophysiology 2016; 53:1535-41. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Angel Blanch
- Department of Psychology; University of Lleida; Lleida Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research (IRB Lleida); Lieda Spain
| | - Anton Aluja
- Department of Psychology; University of Lleida; Lleida Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research (IRB Lleida); Lieda Spain
| | - Eduardo Blanco
- Department of Psychology; University of Lleida; Lleida Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research (IRB Lleida); Lieda Spain
| | - Ferran Balada
- Institute of Biomedical Research (IRB Lleida); Lieda Spain
- Departament de Psicobiologia; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Assessment of Startle Response and Its Prepulse Inhibition Using Posturography: Pilot Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:8597185. [PMID: 27314041 PMCID: PMC4893433 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8597185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using static posturography in the assessment of sensorimotor gating. Subjects and Methods. Fourteen subjects took part in the experiment. The inhibitory mechanisms of startle reflex were used as the measure of sensorimotor gating. It was evoked by a strong acoustic stimulus (106 dB SPL, 40 ms) which was preceded by the weaker similar signal (80 dB SPL, 20 ms). A stabilographic platform was used to measure sensorimotor gating. Results. Results of static posturography show that the postural sway caused by the reaction to a strong acoustic stimulus is significantly smaller when this stimulus is preceded by the signal of lower intensity (prepulse). Such assessment is only possible in eyes open conditions. Conclusions. Static posturography can be simple and effective method used for diagnosis of sensorimotor gating in humans.
Collapse
|
15
|
Sommer K, van der Molen MW, De Pascalis V. BIS/BAS sensitivity and emotional modulation in a prepulse-inhibition paradigm: A brain potential study. Physiol Behav 2016; 154:100-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
16
|
Personality effects and sex differences on the International Affective Picture System (IAPS): A Spanish and Swiss study. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|