1
|
Lone BA, Tabassum M, Bhushan A, Rani D, Dhiman U, Ahmad A, Mir HA, Gupta PN, Mondhe DM, Gairola S, Gupta P. Trilliumosides K and L, two novel steroidal saponins from rhizomes of Trillium govanianum, as potent anti-cancer agents targeting apoptosis in the A-549 cancer cell line. Front Chem 2023; 11:1306271. [PMID: 38188932 PMCID: PMC10767554 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1306271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Two novel steroidal saponins, trilliumosides K (1) and L (2), were isolated from the rhizomes of Trillium govanianum led by bioactivity-guided phytochemical investigation along with seven known compounds: govanoside D (3), protodioscin (4), borassoside E (5), 20-hydroxyecdysone (6), 5,20-hydroxyecdysone (7), govanic acid (8), and diosgenin (9). The structure of novel compounds 1-2 was established using analysis of spectroscopic data including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high resolution mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) data. All isolated compounds were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines. Compound 1 showed significant cytotoxic activity against the A-549 (Lung) and SW-620 (Colon) cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 1.83 and 1.85 µM, respectively whereas the IC50 value of Compound 2 against the A-549 cell line was found to be 1.79 µM. Among the previously known compounds 3, 5, and 9, the cytotoxic IC50 values were found to be in the range of 5-10 µM. Comprehensive anti-cancer investigation revealed that Compound 2 inhibited in vitro migration and colony-forming capability in the A-549 cell line. Additionally, the mechanistic analysis of Compound 2 on the A-549 cell line indicated distinctive alterations in nuclear morphology, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and decreased levels of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). By upregulating the pro-apoptotic protein BAX and downregulating the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2, the aforementioned actions eventually cause apoptosis, a crucial hallmark in cancer research, which activates Caspase-3. To the best of our knowledge, this study reports the first mechanistic anti-cancer evaluation of the compounds isolated from the rhizomes of T. govanianum with remarkable cytotoxic activity in the desired micromolar range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bashir Ahmad Lone
- CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Misbah Tabassum
- CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Anil Bhushan
- CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Dixhya Rani
- CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Urvashi Dhiman
- CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hilal Ahmad Mir
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pathology, and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Prem N. Gupta
- CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - D. M. Mondhe
- CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Sumeet Gairola
- CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- Plant Science and Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Prasoon Gupta
- CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu B, Li B, Zhou D, Wen X, Wang Y, Chen G, Li N. Steroidal saponins with cytotoxic effects from the rhizomes of Asparagus cochinchinensis. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105237. [PMID: 34388486 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the ongoing research on potent antitumor agents from the rhizomes of Asparagus cochinchinensis, seven undescribed steroidal saponins asparagusoside A-G (1-7), along with twenty known ones (8-27), were isolated and elucidated via analyzing their 1D, 2D NMR, mass spectroscopic data and chemical methods. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic effects against human large cell lung carcinoma cells (NCI-H460) in vitro. Among them, compounds 7, 9 and 27 showed more significant antitumor activities than the positive control cisplatin (11.56 μM) with IC50 values of 1.39, 3.04, and 2.25 μM, respectively. Further research about asparagusoside G (7) showed G0/G1 arrest in NCI-H460 cell line cycle and induced cell death by apoptosis in a dose‑dependent way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingxin Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Wen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajun Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nazemiyeh H, Zengin G, Mehrad H, Farhoudi M, Bahadori MB. LC-MS/MS-based steroidal saponins profiling and biological activities of Ruscus hyrcanus Woronow. Eur J Integr Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
4
|
Influence of ultrafiltration membrane on ophiopogonins and homoisoflavonoids in Ophiopogon japonicus as measured by ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled with ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 15:121-141. [PMID: 28284426 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(17)30028-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ultrafiltration is one of the most fascinating technologies, which makes it possible to improve the quality of traditional medicines for application in the pharmaceutical industry. However, researchers have paid little attention to the effect of ultrafiltration membrane on traditional medicines chemical constituents. In this work, Ophiopogon japonicus (L.f) Ker-Gawl. was used as an example to illuminate the influence of ultrafiltration with different material and molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) membrane on natural chemical constituents as measured by ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled with ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UFLC-IT-TOF/MS). Our results indicated that ultrafiltration membrane significantly impacted homoisoflavonoids, especially homoisoflavonoids that were almost completely retained on the polyethersulfone (PES) membrane. We also found that the larger number of aglycone hydroxy and sugar moiety in steroid saponins, the higher the transmittance. Furthermore, the passage rate (%) of ophiogenin type saponins was higher than that of others. The possible adsorptive mechanisms were hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and benzene ring interaction by π-π stacking. In conclusion, it is crucial to choose appropriate ultrafiltration membrane based on the characteristics of produce products for application of ultrafiltration technique.
Collapse
|
5
|
Qi J, Hu ZF, Zhou YF, Hu YJ, Yu BY. Steroidal Sapogenins and Glycosides from the Fibrous Roots of Ophiopogon japonicus and Liriope spicata var. prolifera with Anti-inflammatory Activity. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2015; 63:187-94. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c14-00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qi
- Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Zheng-fang Hu
- Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing Hailing Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yangtze River Pharmaceutical Group
| | - Yi-feng Zhou
- Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Yuan-jia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau
| | - Bo-yang Yu
- Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Challinor VL, De Voss JJ. Open-chain steroidal glycosides, a diverse class of plant saponins. Nat Prod Rep 2013; 30:429-54. [PMID: 23377502 DOI: 10.1039/c3np20105h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Saponins are an important class of plant natural products that consist of a triterpenoid or steroidal skeleton that is glycosylated by varying numbers of sugar units attached at different positions. Steroidal saponins are usually divided into two broad structural classes, namely spirostanol and furostanol saponins. A third, previously unrecognized structural class of plant saponins, the open-chain steroidal saponins, is introduced in this review; these possess an acyclic sidechain in place of the heterocyclic ring/s present in spirostanols and furostanols. Open-chain steroidal saponins are numerous and structurally diverse, with over 150 unique representatives reported from terrestrial plants. Despite this, they have to date been largely overlooked in reviews of plant natural products. This review catalogs the structural diversity of open-chain steroidal saponins isolated from terrestrial plants and discusses aspects of their structure elucidation, biological activities, biosynthesis, and distribution in the plant kingdom. It is intended that this review will provide a point of reference for those working with open-chain steroidal saponins and result in their recognition and inclusion in future reviews of plant saponins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L Challinor
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Perrone A, Muzashvili T, Napolitano A, Skhirtladze A, Kemertelidze E, Pizza C, Piacente S. Steroidal glycosides from the leaves of Ruscus colchicus: isolation and structural elucidation based on a preliminary liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry profiling. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2009; 70:2078-2088. [PMID: 19772977 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2009] [Revised: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 08/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An HPLC-ESIMS(n) method, based on high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray positive ionisation multistage ion trap mass spectrometry, has been used as an effective tool to rapidly identify and guide the isolation of target saponins from the ethanol extract of the leaves of Ruscus colchicus Y. Yeo. Twenty-two steroidal glycosides, including seventeen furostanol, four spirostanol and one cholestane glycosides, were online identified. Subsequently, compounds were isolated and their structures were established by the extensive use of 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments. The structures identified by MS were fully consistent with those elucidated by NMR data. Sixteen steroidal glycosides, including thirteen furostanol, two spirostanol and one cholestane glycosides, were identified along with four known furostanol and two spirostanol glycosides. The saponin profile shows that the furostanol glycosides are the main constituents of R. colchicus extract, unlike the other Ruscus species, for which the spirostanol derivatives generally are reported as the major compounds. Moreover, for the first time a cholestane glycoside has been isolated from R. colchicus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Perrone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Ponte Don Melillo, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mimaki Y, Watanabe K. Clintoniosides A - C, New Polyhydroxylated Spirostanol Glycosides from the Rhizomes ofClintonia udensis. Helv Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200890224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
10
|
Mimaki Y, Aoki T, Jitsuno M, Yokosuka A, Kiliç CS, Coşkun M. Steroidal Saponins from the Rhizomes of Ruscus Hypophyllum. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800301018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical screening of the rhizomes of Ruscus hypophyllum (Liliaceae) has resulted in the isolation of five spirostanol saponins (1-5) including a new saponin (4) and nine furostanol saponins (6–14) including three new saponins (9–11), together with a known cholestane glycoside (15) and a new cholestane glycoside (16). The structures of the new compounds were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 2D NMR data, and chemical evidence. The spirostanol saponins 1, 2, and 5 showed moderate cytotoxic activity against HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Mimaki
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1, Horinouchi, Hachiouji, Tokyo 102-0392, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Aoki
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1, Horinouchi, Hachiouji, Tokyo 102-0392, Japan
| | - Maki Jitsuno
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1, Horinouchi, Hachiouji, Tokyo 102-0392, Japan
| | - Akihito Yokosuka
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1, Horinouchi, Hachiouji, Tokyo 102-0392, Japan
| | - Ceyda Sibel Kiliç
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 06100, Tandoğan/Ankara, Turkey
| | - Maksut Coşkun
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 06100, Tandoğan/Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|