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Barbole RS, Sharma S, Patil Y, Giri AP, Joshi RS. Chitinase inhibition induces transcriptional dysregulation altering ecdysteroid-mediated control of Spodoptera frugiperda development. iScience 2024; 27:109280. [PMID: 38444606 PMCID: PMC10914475 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Chitinases and ecdysteroid hormones are vital for insect development. Crosstalk between chitin and ecdysteroid metabolism regulation is enigmatic. Here, we examined chitinase inhibition effect on Spodoptera frugiperda ecdysteroid metabolism. In vitro studies suggested that berberine inhibits S. frugiperda chitinase 5 (SfCht5). The Berberine feeding resulted in defective S. frugiperda development. Berberine-fed insects showed higher SfCht5 and Chitinase 7 expression and cumulative chitinase activity. Chitinase inhibition led to overexpression of chitinases, ecdysteroid biosynthesis, and responsive genes. SfCht5 silencing and overexpression resulted in ecdysone receptor deregulation. Transcription factors, like Broad Complex Z4, regulate the ecdysteroid metabolism and showed high expression upon berberine ingestion. Broad Complex Z4 binding in 5' UTR of Ecdysone receptor, SfCht5, Chitinase 7, Phantom, Neverland, and other ecdysteroid biosynthesis genes might lead to their upregulation in berberine-fed insects. As a result, berberine-fed insects showed ecdysone overaccumulation. These findings underscore chitinase activity's impact on ecdysone biosynthesis and its transcriptional crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit S. Barbole
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Yogita Patil
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok P. Giri
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rakesh S. Joshi
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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2
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Herwade AP, Barale SS, Sonawane KD, Pawar PK. In vivo developmental studies of Helicoverpa armigera and in silico molecular interactions with trypsin reveal the bio-insecticidal potential of trypsin inhibitor (SSTI) isolated from Solanum surattense. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:335-345. [PMID: 36374713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We report the impact of gut protease inhibition on the development of Helicoverpa armigera by trypsin inhibitor and the use of molecular modeling to understand the mechanism of trypsin inhibition. Larvae of H. armigera fed on an artificial diet containing 150 and 300 μg/ml SSTI showed a negative impact on the insects' development in terms of mean larval weight, larval fatality, survival rate, and nutritional indices. Prominent physical abnormalities like curled wings, malformed appendages, and small body size were observed during the development. Gene expression studies revealed down regulation in trypsin (HaTry 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8) and chymotrypsin (HaChy 1, 2, 3, 4) genes of the larval gut upon treatment of SSTI. Homology modeling has been used to build the three-dimensional structure of SSTI, which showed β-sheets having a stable canonical inhibitory loop (CIL) with conserved lysine residue. Molecular docking studies showed the strong binding of SSTI at the active site of trypsin. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation revealed the stable interactions of the rigid CIL of SSTI at the active site of trypsin, leading to its destabilization. Conserved lysine63 of the P1 site in SSTI forms a strong hydrogen bonding network with residues Asp189 and Ser190 of trypsin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet P Herwade
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004, MS, India
| | - Sagar S Barale
- Department of Microbiology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004, MS, India
| | - Kailas D Sonawane
- Department of Microbiology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004, MS, India; Structural Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004, MS, India; Department of Biochemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004, MS, India; Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004, MS, India
| | - Pankaj K Pawar
- Department of Biochemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004, MS, India.
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3
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Barros RDEA, Vital CE, Júnior NRS, Vargas MAS, Monteiro LP, Faustino VA, Auad AM, Pereira JF, Oliveira EEDE, Ramos HJO, Oliveira MGDEA. Differential defense responses of tropical grasses to Mahanarva spectabilis (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) infestation. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20191456. [PMID: 34378641 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120191456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The spittlebugs Mahanarva spectabilis economically challenges cattle production of neotropical regions, due to its voracious feeding on tropical grasses. Here, we evaluated biochemical responses of the interaction between M. spectabilis and the widely cultivated tropical grasses Brachiaria spp. (i.e., brizantha and decumbens) and elephant grasses (cvs. Roxo de Botucatu and Pioneiro), regarding lipoxygenases, protease inhibitors, phytohormones, and proteolytic activities in the midgut of M. spectabilis. The M. spectabilis-infested grasses increased lipoxygenases activity, except for cv. Pioneiro. The levels of the phytohormones jasmonic and abscisic acids were similarly low in all genotypes and increased under herbivory. Furthermore, salicylic acid concentration was constitutively higher in Brachiaria sp., increasing only in spittlebug-infested B. decumbens. M. spectabilis infestations did not induce increases of protease inhibitors in any forage grass type. The trypsin activity remained unaltered, and the total proteolytic activity increased only in B. decumbens-fed insects. Our findings revealed that most forage grasses exposed to spittlebugs activate the lipoxygenases pathway, resulting in increased abscisic and jasmonic acids. However, greater amounts of these hormones do not induce protease inhibitory activity in response to spittlebug attack. This knowledge certainly helps to guide future projects aiming at reducing the impact of spittlebugs on forage production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael DE A Barros
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Laboratório de Enzimologia e Bioquímica de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Camilo E Vital
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Laboratório de Enzimologia e Bioquímica de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Neilier R S Júnior
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Laboratório de Enzimologia e Bioquímica de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Manuel A S Vargas
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Luana P Monteiro
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Laboratório de Enzimologia e Bioquímica de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Verônica A Faustino
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Laboratório de Enzimologia e Bioquímica de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexander M Auad
- Embrapa Gado de Leite, Dom Bosco, 610, Aeroporto, 36038-330 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Jorge F Pereira
- Embrapa Gado de Leite, Dom Bosco, 610, Aeroporto, 36038-330 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Eugênio E DE Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Humberto J O Ramos
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Laboratório de Enzimologia e Bioquímica de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Goreti DE A Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Laboratório de Enzimologia e Bioquímica de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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Yadav NK, Saikhedkar NS, Giri AP. PINIR: a comprehensive information resource for Pin-II type protease inhibitors. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:267. [PMID: 34107869 PMCID: PMC8188708 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03027-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serine protease inhibitors belonging to the Potato type-II Inhibitor family Protease Inhibitors (Pin-II type PIs) are essential plant defense molecules. They are characterized by multiple inhibitory repeat domains, conserved disulfide bond pattern, and a tripeptide reactive center loop. These features of Pin-II type PIs make them potential molecules for protein engineering and designing inhibitors for agricultural and therapeutic applications. However, the diversity in these PIs remains unexplored due to the lack of annotated protein sequences and their functional attributes in the available databases. RESULTS We have developed a database, PINIR (Pin-II type PIs Information Resource), by systematic collection and manual annotation of 415 Pin-II type PI protein sequences. For each PI, the number and position for signature sequences are specified: 695 domains, 75 linkers, 63 reactive center loops, and 10 disulfide bond patterns are identified and mapped. Database analysis revealed novel subcategories of PIs, species-correlated occurrence of inhibitory domains, reactive center loops, and disulfide bond patterns. By analyzing linker regions, we predict that alternative processing at linker regions could generate PI variants in the Solanaceae family. CONCLUSION PINIR ( https://pinir.ncl.res.in ) provides a web interface for browsing and analyzing the protein sequences of Pin-II type PIs. Information about signature sequences, spatio-temporal expression, biochemical properties, gene sequences, and literature references are provided. Analysis of PINIR depicts conserved species-specific features of Pin-II type PI protein sequences. Diversity in the sequence of inhibitory domains and reactive loops directs potential applications to engineer Pin-II type PIs. The PINIR database will serve as a comprehensive information resource for further research into Pin-II type PIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhilesh K Yadav
- Publication and Science Communication Unit, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
- Information Systems Area, Indian Institute of Management Indore, Indore, 453556, India
| | - Nidhi S Saikhedkar
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ashok P Giri
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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5
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Glucosinolate induces transcriptomic and metabolic reprogramming in Helicoverpa armigera. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:26. [PMID: 33442524 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02596-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosinolates protect plants from herbivory. Lepidopteran insects have developed resistance to glucosinolates which is well studied. However, the molecular effects of glucosinolate intake on insects are unexplored. To elucidate this, we performed transcriptomics and metabolomics of sinigrin-fed Helicoverpa armigera. Transcriptomics exhibits significant dysregulation of 2375 transcripts, of which 1575 are upregulated and 800 downregulated. Gene Ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes reveals that key hydrolases, oxidoreductases, and transferases are majorly affected. The negative impact of sinigrin is significant and localized in the endomembrane system and mitochondria. It also disturbs various biological processes such as regulation of protein metabolism and cytoskeletal organization. Furthermore, H. armigera putative myrosinase-like enzymes may catalyze the breakdown of sinigrin to allyl isothiocyanate (AITC). AITC targets the electron transport chain causing oxidative stress. KEGG pathway enrichment shows significant upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation, glutathione metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Activation of these pathways induces glutathione synthesis for sinigrin detoxification. Differential gene expression indicates upregulation of glutathione S-transferase and succinate dehydrogenase suggesting mitochondrial impact. Transcriptomics data correlated with metabolomics show changes in serine, methionine, ornithine, and other metabolite levels. It corroborates well with the transcript alterations supporting the increased glutathione production. Thus, our data suggest that sinigrin generates oxidative stress in H. armigera and insects alter their metabolic wiring to overcome sinigrin-mediated deleterious effects. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-020-02596-5.
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6
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Meriño-Cabrera Y, de Oliveira Mendes TA, Castro JGS, Barbosa SL, Macedo MLR, de Almeida Oliveira MG. Noncompetitive tight-binding inhibition of Anticarsia gemmatalis trypsins by Adenanthera pavonina protease inhibitor affects larvae survival. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 104:e21687. [PMID: 32342573 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The economic loss in soybean crops caused by the Lepidoptera insects has encouraged the search for new strategies to control this pest, which are currently based on synthetic insecticides. This paper evaluated the ability of ApTI (Adenanthera pavonina trypsin inhibitor) to inhibit trypsin-like proteins from Anticarsia gemmatalis by docking, molecular dynamics, and enzymatic and survival assay. The docking and molecular dynamic simulation between trypsin and ApTI were performed using the program CLUSPRO and NAMD, respectively. The inhibitory constant Ki and the inhibition type were determined through chromogenic assays. The survival assay of neonatal larvae under treatment with artificial diet supplemented with ApTI was also performed. The ApTI binding site was predicted to block substrate access to trypsin due to four interactions with the enzyme, producing a complex with a surface area of 1,183.7 Å2 . The kinetic analysis revealed a noncompetitive tight-binding mechanism. The survival curves obtained using Kaplan-Meier estimators indicated that the highest larvae mortality was 60%, using 1.2 mg of ApTI per 100 ml of artificial diet. The in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies demonstrated that ApTI is a strong noncompetitive inhibitor of trypsin with biotechnological potential for the control of A. gemmatalis insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaremis Meriño-Cabrera
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuaria, BIOAGRO-UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tiago A de Oliveira Mendes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuaria, BIOAGRO-UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José G S Castro
- Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuaria, BIOAGRO-UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciencias Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Samuel L Barbosa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuaria, BIOAGRO-UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria L R Macedo
- Laboratório de Purificação de Proteínas e suas Funções Biológicas, Unidade de Tecnologia de Alimentos e da Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maria G de Almeida Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuaria, BIOAGRO-UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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7
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Gartia J, Anangi R, Joshi RS, Giri AP, King GF, Barnwal RP, Chary KVR. NMR structure and dynamics of inhibitory repeat domain variant 12, a plant protease inhibitor from Capsicum annuum, and its structural relationship to other plant protease inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:1388-1397. [PMID: 31038412 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1607559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Although several plant protease inhibitors have been structurally characterized using X-ray crystallography, very few have been studied using NMR techniques. Here, we report an NMR study of the solution structure and dynamics of an inhibitory repeat domain (IRD) variant 12 from the wound-inducible Pin-II type proteinase inhibitor from Capsicum annuum. IRD variant 12 (IRD12) showed strong anti-metabolic activity against the Lepidopteran insect pest, Helicoverpa armigera. The NMR-derived three-dimensional structure of IRD12 reveals a three-stranded anti-parallel β-sheet rigidly held together by four disulfide bridges and shows structural homology with known IRDs. It is interesting to note that the IRD12 structure containing ∼75% unstructured part still shows substantial amount of rigidity of N-H bond vectors with respect to its molecular motion.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janeka Gartia
- Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Gopanpally, Hyderabad, India
| | - Raveendra Anangi
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rakesh S Joshi
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology (IBB), Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Ashok P Giri
- CSIR - National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India
| | - Glenn F King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ravi P Barnwal
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kandala V R Chary
- Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Gopanpally, Hyderabad, India.,Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai, India.,Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Berhampur, Odisha, India
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8
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Gartia J, Barnwal RP, Anangi R, Giri AR, King G, Chary KVR. 1H, 13C and 15N NMR assignments of two plant protease inhibitors (IRD7 and IRD12) from the plant Capsicum annuum. BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2019; 13:31-35. [PMID: 30229451 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-018-9846-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Helicoverpa species are polyphagous pests, with the larval stages causing major damage to economically valuable crops such as cotton, tomato, corn, sorghum, peas, sunflower, wheat and other pulses. Over the years, Helicoverpa armigera has developed resistance to most classes of chemical insecticides, and consequently it is now largely controlled on cotton plants via the use of Bt transgenic crops that express insecticidal Cry toxins which in-turn expedited resistance development in a number of pest species including H. armigera. In a hope to provide other eco-friendly alternatives solutions to counter the effect of the pest, people have identified a number of protease inhibitors (PIs) from the domesticated capsicum species Capsicum annuum, several of which potently inhibited H. armigera gut proteases and impeded growth of H. armigera larva. With a view to explore and enhance the specific nature or properties of these PIs on the mechanism of inhibition, structural and functional characterization of these PIs are inevitable. Towards this goal, we have carried out complete 1H, 13C and 15N resonance assignments of two of these PIs, identified as IRD7 and IRD12, using a suite of 2D and 3D multi-dimensional and multi-nuclear NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janeka Gartia
- Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Gopanpally, Hyderabad, 500075, India
| | | | - Raveendra Anangi
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Ashok R Giri
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Glenn King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Kandala V R Chary
- Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Gopanpally, Hyderabad, 500075, India.
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 1, Homi Bhabha RoadColaba, Mumbai, 400005, India.
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Berhampur, Odisha, 760010, India.
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9
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Saikhedkar NS, Joshi RS, Bhoite AS, Mohandasan R, Yadav AK, Fernandes M, Kulkarni KA, Giri AP. Tripeptides derived from reactive centre loop of potato type II protease inhibitors preferentially inhibit midgut proteases of Helicoverpa armigera. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 95:17-25. [PMID: 29486250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Potato type II protease inhibitors (Pin-II PIs) impede the growth of lepidopteran insects by inhibiting serine protease-like enzymes in the larval gut. The three amino acid reactive centre loop (RCL) of these proteinaceous inhibitors is crucial for protease binding and is conserved across the Pin-II family. However, the molecular mechanism and inhibitory potential of the RCL tripeptides in isolation of the native protein has remained elusive. In this study, six peptides corresponding to the RCLs of the predominant Pin-II PIs were identified, synthesized and evaluated for in vitro and in vivo inhibitory activity against serine proteases of the polyphagous insect, Helicoverpa armigera. RCL peptides with sequences PRN, PRY and TRE were found to be potent inhibitors that adversely affected the growth and development of H. armigera. The binding mechanism and differential affinity of the RCL peptides with serine proteases was delineated by crystal structures of complexes of the RCL peptides with trypsin. Residues P1 and P2 of the inhibitors play a crucial role in the interaction and specificity of these inhibitors. Important features of RCL peptides like higher inhibition of insect proteases, enhanced efficacy at alkaline gut pH, longer retention and high stability in insect gut make them suitable molecules for the development of sustainable pest management strategies for crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi S Saikhedkar
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Rakesh S Joshi
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India; Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Ashiwini S Bhoite
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Radhika Mohandasan
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Amit Kumar Yadav
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Moneesha Fernandes
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Kiran A Kulkarni
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India.
| | - Ashok P Giri
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India.
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10
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Agnihotri AR, Hulagabali CV, Adhav AS, Joshi RS. Mechanistic insight in potential dual role of sinigrin against Helicoverpa armigera. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 145:121-127. [PMID: 29126020 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The adverse effect of glucosinolates on diverse phytophagous insects is well documented, but its impact on insect physiology has remained enigmatic. Here we report insights into detrimental effects of plant glucosinolate molecule, sinigrin, on Helicoverpa armigera growth and development. In-silico screening of multiple glucosinolates predicted sinigrin as one of the potential inhibitor of H. armigera cathepsin B and L. Insects fed on sinigrin containing diet showed significantly reduced growth (20-30%), delayed pupation (10-15%), decreased fecundity (50-80%) and developmental abnormalities. Further, sinigrin showed 50-60% inhibition of ex-vivo cathepsin like activity which might be a reason for growth and development related abnormalities. In-vitro and mass spectrometry studies highlighted the cytotoxicity caused due to the hydrolysis of sinigrin, into toxic isothiocyanates, in presence of H. armigera whole body extract. In conclusion, insect cathepsin inhibition and isothiocyanate mediated cytotoxicity lead to the dual adverse effect of sinigrin on H. armigera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha R Agnihotri
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Chaitanya V Hulagabali
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anmol S Adhav
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rakesh S Joshi
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, Maharashtra, India.
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11
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Tanpure RS, Barbole RS, Dawkar VV, Waichal YA, Joshi RS, Giri AP, Gupta VS. Improved tolerance against Helicoverpa armigera in transgenic tomato over-expressing multi-domain proteinase inhibitor gene from Capsicum annuum. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 23:597-604. [PMID: 28878498 PMCID: PMC5567717 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-017-0456-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant proteinase inhibitors (PIs) are plant defense proteins and considered as potential candidates for engineering plant resistances against herbivores. Capsicum annuum proteinase inhibitor (CanPI7) is a multi-domain potato type II inhibitor (Pin-II) containing four inhibitory repeat domains (IRD), which target major classes of digestive enzymes in the gut of Helicoverpa armigera larvae. Stable integration and expression of the transgene in T1 transgenic generation, were confirmed by established molecular techniques. Protein extract of transgenic tomato lines showed increased inhibitory activity against H. armigera gut proteinases, supporting those domains of CanPI7 protein to be effective and active. When T1 generation plants were analyzed, they exhibited antibiosis effect against first instar larvae of H. armigera. Further, larvae fed on transgenic tomato leaves showed delayed growth relative to larvae fed on control plants, but did not change mortality rates significantly. Thus, better crop protection can be achieved in transgenic tomato by overexpression of multi-domain proteinase inhibitor CanPI7 gene against H. armigera larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul S. Tanpure
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, MS 411008 India
| | - Ranjit S. Barbole
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, MS 411008 India
| | - Vishal V. Dawkar
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, MS 411008 India
| | - Yashashree A. Waichal
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, MS 411008 India
| | - Rakesh S. Joshi
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, MS 411007 India
| | - Ashok P. Giri
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, MS 411008 India
| | - Vidya S. Gupta
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, MS 411008 India
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12
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Mouden S, Klinkhamer PGL, Choi YH, Leiss KA. Towards eco-friendly crop protection: natural deep eutectic solvents and defensive secondary metabolites. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2017; 16:935-951. [PMID: 29167631 PMCID: PMC5674125 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-017-9502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
With mounting concerns over health and environmental effects of pesticides, the search for environmentally acceptable substitutes has amplified. Plant secondary metabolites appear in the horizon as an attractive solution for green crop protection. This paper reviews the need for changes in the techniques and compounds that, until recently, have been the mainstay for dealing with pest insects. Here we describe and discuss main strategies for selecting plant-derived metabolites as candidates for sustainable agriculture. The second part surveys ten important insecticidal compounds, with special emphasis on those involved in human health. Many of these insecticidal metabolites, however, are crystalline solids with limited solubility which might potentially hamper commercial formulation. As such, we introduce the concept of natural deep eutectic solvents for enhancing solubility and stability of such compounds. The concept, principles and examples of green pest control discussed here offer a new suite of environmental-friendly tools designed to promote and adopt sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanae Mouden
- Research Group Plant Ecology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter G. L. Klinkhamer
- Research Group Plant Ecology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Young Hae Choi
- Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten A. Leiss
- Research Group Plant Ecology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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13
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Grosse-Holz FM, van der Hoorn RAL. Juggling jobs: roles and mechanisms of multifunctional protease inhibitors in plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2016; 210:794-807. [PMID: 26800491 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional protease inhibitors juggle jobs by targeting different enzymes and thereby often controlling more than one biological process. Here, we discuss the biological functions, mechanisms and evolution of three types of multifunctional protease inhibitors in plants. The first type is double-headed inhibitors, which feature two inhibitory sites targeting proteases with different specificities (e.g. Bowman-Birk inhibitors) or even different hydrolases (e.g. α-amylase/protease inhibitors preventing both early germination and seed predation). The second type consists of multidomain inhibitors which evolved by intragenic duplication and are released by processing (e.g. multicystatins and potato inhibitor II, implicated in tuber dormancy and defence, respectively). The third type consists of promiscuous inhibitory folds which resemble mouse traps that can inhibit different proteases cleaving the bait they offer (e.g. serpins, regulating cell death, and α-macroglobulins). Understanding how multifunctional inhibitors juggle biological jobs increases our knowledge of the connections between the networks they regulate. These examples show that multifunctionality evolved independently from a remarkable diversity of molecular mechanisms that can be exploited for crop improvement and provide concepts for protein design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike M Grosse-Holz
- Plant Chemetics Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Renier A L van der Hoorn
- Plant Chemetics Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
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Khandelwal N, Doke DS, Khandare JJ, Jawale PV, Biradar AV, Giri AP. Bio-physical evaluation and in vivo delivery of plant proteinase inhibitor immobilized on silica nanospheres. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 130:84-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Joshi RS, Wagh TP, Sharma N, Mulani FA, Sonavane U, Thulasiram HV, Joshi R, Gupta VS, Giri AP. Way toward "dietary pesticides": molecular investigation of insecticidal action of caffeic acid against Helicoverpa armigera. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:10847-10854. [PMID: 25329913 DOI: 10.1021/jf503437r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Bioprospecting of natural molecules is essential to overcome serious environmental issues and pesticide resistance in insects. Here we are reporting insights into insecticidal activity of a plant natural phenol. In silico and in vitro screening of multiple molecules supported by in vivo validations suggested that caffeic acid (CA) is a potent inhibitor of Helicoverpa armigera gut proteases. Protease activity and gene expression were altered in CA-fed larvae. The structure-activity relationship of CA highlighted that all the functional groups are crucial for inhibition of protease activity. Biophysical studies and molecular dynamic simulations revealed that sequential binding of multiple CA molecules induces conformational changes in the protease(s) and thus lead to a significant decline in their activity. CA treatment significantly inhibits the insect's detoxification enzymes, thus intensifying the insecticidal effect. Our findings suggest that CA can be implicated as a potent insecticidal molecule and explored for the development of effective dietary pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Joshi
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
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Resistance through inhibition: ectopic expression of serine protease inhibitor offers stress tolerance via delayed senescence in yeast cell. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 452:361-8. [PMID: 25159848 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Protease inhibitors have been known to confer multiple stress tolerance in transgenic plants. We have assessed growth of yeast (Pichia pastoris GS115) strains expressing inhibitory repeat domains (PpIRD(+)) of previously characterized Capsicum annuum protease inhibitors under high salt, heavy metal and oxidative stress. PpIRD(+) strains exhibited multiple stress tolerance and showed differential molecular responses at transcriptional and translational level on exposure to stress inducing agents like heavy metal, high salt and H2O2. PpIRD(+) strains display significant reduction in metacaspase (Yca1) activity, the key enzyme in apoptosis, indicates the possibility of cross reactivity of IRDs (serine protease inhibitor) with cysteine proteases. PpIRD(+) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae knockout with Yca1 (ΔYca1) strain showed similar growth characteristics under stress, which indicated the delayed senescence due to cellular metacaspase inhibition. Molecular docking study showed a close proximity of IRDs reactive site and the active site of metacaspase in the complex that signified their strong interactions. Maintenance of GAPDH activity, primary target of metacaspase, in PpIRD(+) strain evidenced the inhibition of metacaspase activity and survival of these cells under stress. This report demonstrates a potential molecular mechanism of protease inhibitor-based multiple stress tolerance in yeast strains.
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